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Modelling Landscape Connectivity For Highly Mobile Terrestrial Animals
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Book Synopsis Modelling Landscape Connectivity for Highly-mobile Terrestrial Animals by : Paul Galpern
Download or read book Modelling Landscape Connectivity for Highly-mobile Terrestrial Animals written by Paul Galpern and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Linkages in the Landscape by : Andrew F. Bennett
Download or read book Linkages in the Landscape written by Andrew F. Bennett and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2003 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The loss and fragmentation of natural habitats is one of the major issues in wildlife management and conservation. Habitat "corridors" are sometimes proposed as an important element within a conservation strategy. Examples are given of corridors both as pathways and as habitats in their own right. Includes detailed reviews of principles relevant to the design and management of corridors, their place in regional approaches to conservation planning, and recommendations for research and management.
Download or read book Research Paper RMRS written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Landscape Genetics by : Niko Balkenhol
Download or read book Landscape Genetics written by Niko Balkenhol and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-11-09 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LANDSCAPE GENETICS: CONCEPTS, METHODS, APPLICATIONS LANDSCAPE GENETICS: CONCEPTS, METHODS, APPLICATIONS Edited by Niko Balkenhol, Samuel A. Cushman, Andrew T. Storfer, Lisette P. Waits Landscape genetics is an exciting and rapidly growing field, melding methods and theory from landscape ecology and population genetics to address some of the most challenging and urgent ecological and evolutionary topics of our time. Landscape genetic approaches now enable researchers to study in detail how environmental complexity in space and time affect gene flow, genetic drift, and local adaptation. However, learning about the concepts and methods underlying the field remains challenging due to the highly interdisciplinary nature of the field, which relies on topics that have traditionally been treated separately in classes and textbooks. In this edited volume, some of the leading experts in landscape genetics provide the first comprehensive introduction to underlying concepts, commonly used methods, and current and future applications of landscape genetics. Consistent with the interdisciplinary nature of the field, the book includes textbook-like chapters that synthesize fundamental concepts and methods underlying landscape genetics (Part 1), chapters on advanced topics that deserve a more in-depth treatment (Part 2), and chapters illustrating the use of concepts and methods in empirical applications (Part 3). Aimed at beginning landscape geneticists and experienced researchers alike, this book will be helpful for all scientists and practitioners interested in learning, teaching, and applying landscape genetics.
Book Synopsis Habitat and Distribution Models of Marine and Estuarine Species: Advances for a Sustainable Future by : Mary C. Fabrizio
Download or read book Habitat and Distribution Models of Marine and Estuarine Species: Advances for a Sustainable Future written by Mary C. Fabrizio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-23 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Land Use and Habitat Fragmentation on Landscape Connectivity by : Morgan Gray
Download or read book The Influence of Land Use and Habitat Fragmentation on Landscape Connectivity written by Morgan Gray and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The built environment, especially roads, urban and suburban development, can reduce the ability for wildlife to move across landscapes. Maintaining landscape connectivity has become a central theme in ecology and conservation, as corridors of intact habitat help maintain ecosystem functionality and, in the face of climate change, may provide migration paths for species. However, the influence of the built environment on connectivity is rarely quantified using empirical data informed by species detection, movement, or genetic structure. Rather, structural connectivity, as opposed to functional connectivity, is estimated using land cover alone. Structural connectivity estimates offer a simple and potentially powerful approach with fewer data requirements for wildlife corridor planning; however, models of structural connectivity are rarely if ever evaluated with empirical species data, limiting our understanding of their reliability and utility. This dissertation fills this gap by investigating the influence of human land use and habitat fragmentation on landscape connectivity using a suite of quantitative modeling approaches and mammals as the focal species, including cross comparisons among these approaches. Specifically, three methods that vary in levels of biological information are used to evaluate how well structural connectivity models perform for individual species, as well as their relationship to functional connectivity. To begin with, the utility of a structural connectivity model based on the distribution and intensity of land use is evaluated by comparing model predictions to observed land use by a generalist carnivore, the puma (Puma concolor). Findings from this study indicate that generic landscape permeability models can be used with confidence as a guide when prioritizing habitat corridors for biodiversity conservation across fragmented landscapes. Next, the utility of structural connectivity models is further evaluated by examining how the inclusion of specific human land use variables affects model accuracy in a species distribution model for gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus). Findings from this study indicate that species distribution models generated in human-dominated landscapes have higher accuracy when informed by indices of land use. Finally, a combination of spatial and genetic methods is used to evaluate the influence of roads on the functional connectivity for a small mammal, California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi). Findings from this study indicate that a combined spatial and genetic approach can be used to identify locations where roads act as barriers. Given the importance of habitat fragmentation, there is a pressing need to rapidly develop and utilize connectivity assessment methods in conservation planning. Research findings presented here have already impacted mammal conservation planning and management in California in the following specific ways. The structural connectivity model was used to identify priority habitat linkages for inclusion in the Conservation Blueprint for Santa Cruz County, and the combined genetic and spatial approach was used by the Santa Clara County Open Space Authority, CA to identify corridors and restore connectivity in an area with an existing road network. Beyond these regional impacts, future conservation planning worldwide can benefit from using readily available data collected by citizen scientists as input in predictive mapping to increase the sample size and spatial coverage for species distribution modeling.
Book Synopsis Modelling Perception with Artificial Neural Networks by : Colin R. Tosh
Download or read book Modelling Perception with Artificial Neural Networks written by Colin R. Tosh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of the evolution of animal signals and sensory behaviour have more recently shifted from considering 'extrinsic' (environmental) determinants to 'intrinsic' (physiological) ones. The drive behind this change has been the increasing availability of neural network models. With contributions from experts in the field, this book provides a complete survey of artificial neural networks. The book opens with two broad, introductory level reviews on the themes of the book: neural networks as tools to explore the nature of perceptual mechanisms, and neural networks as models of perception in ecology and evolutionary biology. Later chapters expand on these themes and address important methodological issues when applying artificial neural networks to study perception. The final chapter provides perspective by introducing a neural processing system in a real animal. The book provides the foundations for implementing artificial neural networks, for those new to the field, along with identifying potential research areas for specialists.
Book Synopsis Managing and Designing Landscapes for Conservation by : David B. Lindenmayer
Download or read book Managing and Designing Landscapes for Conservation written by David B. Lindenmayer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distinctive relationships between landscape change, habitat fragmentation, and biodiversity conservation are highlighted in this original and useful guide to the theory and practice of ecological landscape design. Using original, ecologically based landscape design principles, the text underscores current thinking in landscape management and conservation. It offers a blend of theoretical and practical information that is illustrated with case studies drawn from across the globe. Key insights by some of the world’s leading experts in landscape ecology and conservation biology make Managing and Designing Landscapes for Conservation an essential volume for anyone involved in landscape management, natural resource planning, or biodiversity conservation.
Book Synopsis Connectivity Conservation by : Kevin R. Crooks
Download or read book Connectivity Conservation written by Kevin R. Crooks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-02 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest threats to the survival of many plant and animal species is the destruction or fragmentation of their natural habitats. The conservation of landscape connections, where animals, plants, and ecological processes can move freely from one habitat to another, is therefore an essential part of any new conservation or environmental protection plan. In practice, however, maintaining, creating, and protecting connectivity in our increasingly dissected world is a daunting challenge. This fascinating volume provides a synthesis on the current status and literature of connectivity conservation research and implementation. It shows the challenges involved in applying existing knowledge to real-world examples and highlights areas in need of further study. Containing contributions from leading scientists and practitioners, this topical and thought-provoking volume will be essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners working in conservation biology and natural resource management.
Book Synopsis River Conservation: Challenges and Opportunities by : Sergi Sabater
Download or read book River Conservation: Challenges and Opportunities written by Sergi Sabater and published by Fundacion BBVA. This book was released on 2013 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Patterns and Processes in Forest Landscapes by : Raffaele Lafortezza
Download or read book Patterns and Processes in Forest Landscapes written by Raffaele Lafortezza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence suggests that the composition and spatial configuration – the pattern – of forest landscapes affect many ecological processes, including the movement and persistence of particular species, the susceptibility and spread of disturbances such as fires or pest outbreaks, and the redistribution of matter and nutrients. Understanding these issues is key to the successful management of complex, multifunctional forest landscapes, and landscape ecology, based on a foundation of island bio-geography and meta-population dynamic theories, provides the rationale to deal with this pattern-to-process interaction at different spatial and temporal scales. This carefully edited volume represents a stimulating addition to the international literature on landscape ecology and resource management. It provides key insights into some of the applicable landscape ecological theories that underlie forest management, with a specific focus on how forest management can benefit from landscape ecology, and how landscape ecology can be advanced by tackling challenging problems in forest (landscape) management. It also presents a series of case studies from Europe, Asia, North America, Africa and Australia exploring the issues of disturbance, diversity, management, and scale, and with a specific focus on how human intervention affects forest landscapes and, in turn, how landscapes influence humans and their culture. An important reference for advanced students and researchers in landscape ecology, conservation biology, forest ecology, natural resource management and ecology across multiple scales, the book will also appeal to researchers and practitioners in reserve design, ecological restoration, forest management, landscape planning and landscape architecture.
Book Synopsis Spatial Ecology and Conservation Modeling by : Robert Fletcher
Download or read book Spatial Ecology and Conservation Modeling written by Robert Fletcher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-15 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a foundation for modern applied ecology. Much of current ecology research and conservation addresses problems across landscapes and regions, focusing on spatial patterns and processes. This book is aimed at teaching fundamental concepts and focuses on learning-by-doing through the use of examples with the software R. It is intended to provide an entry-level, easily accessible foundation for students and practitioners interested in spatial ecology and conservation.
Book Synopsis The Ecology and Conservation of Animal Movement in Changing Land- and Seascapes by : Briana Abrahms
Download or read book The Ecology and Conservation of Animal Movement in Changing Land- and Seascapes written by Briana Abrahms and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenic habitat fragmentation is a primary driver of species endangerment across the globe and has compounding effects on species diversity and ecosystem function. While efforts to enhance habitat connectivity are therefore essential to protecting biodiversity, a fundamental behavioral and ecological understanding of animal movement is first needed to successfully protect species movements. Understanding the role of behavior in determining animal movement patterns is essential to conservation planning, yet the extent to which an animal's behavioral state (e.g. foraging, dispersing) influences its movements and resource selection has largely been ignored as part of conservation planning efforts. Further, because empirical studies of animal movement are most-often site- and species-specific, the processes underlying observed movement patterns are not well understood across taxa. This dissertation seeks to elucidate the processes that shape animal movements to advance the biological grounding of connectivity science and inform conservation efforts. A systematic review of connectivity studies employing resource selection analysis examined how researchers have incorporated animal behavior into connectivity planning, and highlighted promising approaches for identifying wildlife corridors. The review revealed that most of the research done to date has superficially considered all animal location data as representative of resource selection patterns, despite recognition that an animal's behavioral state can be an important component of space use. Those studies in the review that validated connectivity predictions with independent movement data indicate that general patterns of resource selection are not always a suitable proxy for movement preference during dispersal, and failure to recognize this distinction may have important consequences for species-specific efforts to preserve habitat connectivity. Using high-resolution GPS and activity data from African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus), an Endangered species highly sensitive to habitat fragmentation, resource selection and responses to roads were measured across three behavioral states identified from activity data (hunting, resting, and traveling). The response of wild dogs to roads varied markedly with both the behavioral and landscape contexts in which roads were encountered, ranging between strong selection for and avoidance of roads depending on behavioral state. A comparison of these outputs to a full model that did not parse for behavior revealed that these patterns were not evident when all movement data were considered together in the full model. This study indicates that including behavioral information in resource selection models is critical to understanding wildlife responses to landscape features and suggests that successful application of resource selection analyses to conservation planning requires explicit examination of the behavioral contexts in which movement occurs. The effects of behaviorally-mediated patterns of resource selection were then applied in a habitat connectivity modeling context. To illustrate the importance of behavioral information in connectivity assessments, behavior-specific predictions of connectivity were tested against long-distance dispersal movements of African wild dogs. Findings demonstrated that including only directed-movement behavior when measuring resource selection reveals far more accurate patterns of habitat connectivity than a model measuring resource selection independent of behavioral state. Results of this work suggest that connectivity studies that rely on resource selection analysis alone may be insufficient to target movement pathways and corridors for protection. This research highlights the value of incorporating animal behavior into connectivity planning. To examine how basic movement processes scale up to produce emergent patterns for multiple species, movement data from over a dozen marine and terrestrial vertebrate species spanning three taxonomic classes, continents and orders of magnitude in body size were compared with computer-simulated idealized movement paths. This comparative approach revealed that similar movement patterns and properties recur in highly dissimilar ecological systems, and showed that a simple set of metrics can reliably classify broad-scale movement patterns such as migration, nomadism, and territoriality in disparate taxa. This classification system can be applied to inform predictions in multiple areas of ecological research, such as how an individual or species' movement classification influences its response to climate change or its invasion potential in an exotic environment. In addition, this work provides researchers with a standardized set of movement metrics for expediently analyzing animal trajectories over time to detect any changes in movement pattern that may be indicative of environmental change. Taken together, the body of work presented in this dissertation provides new approaches for researchers and practitioners to understand the ecology and conservation of animal movement, and in particular for measuring wildlife responses to widespread habitat alteration. Given limited conservation resources and rapidly changing environments, these contributions mark a key step in developing effective strategies to preserve critical wildlife movement processes.
Book Synopsis Habitat Modeling, Landscape Genetics, and Habitat Connectivity for the Mohave Ground Squirrel to Guide Renewable Energy Development by : Todd C. Esque
Download or read book Habitat Modeling, Landscape Genetics, and Habitat Connectivity for the Mohave Ground Squirrel to Guide Renewable Energy Development written by Todd C. Esque and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Connectivity among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems by : Ivan Nagelkerken
Download or read book Ecological Connectivity among Tropical Coastal Ecosystems written by Ivan Nagelkerken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-23 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and coral reefs are circumtropical ecosystems that are highly productive, and provide many important biological functions and economic services. These ecosystems cover large surface areas in the shallow tropical coastal seascape but have suffered from serious human degradation, especially in the last few decades. Part of their diversity, productivity, and functioning seems to be based on their juxtaposition. Especially in the last decade significant advances have been made on new insights into their ecological connectivity. This authoritative book provides a first-time comprehensive review of the major ecological interactions across tropical marine ecosystems that result from the mutual exchange of nutrients, organic matter, fish, and crustaceans. A group of leading authors from around the world reviews the patterns and underlying mechanisms of important biogeochemical and biological linkages among tropical coastal ecosystems in 15 chapters. Included are chapters that review cutting-edge tools to study and quantify these linkages, the importance of such linkages for fisheries, and how tropical ecosystems should be conserved and managed for sustainable use by future generations. The book uses examples from all over the world and provides an up-to-date review of the latest published literature. This book is a ‘must read’ for professionals working on the conservation, management, and ecology of mangrove, seagrass and coral reef ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Connectivity Conservation Management by : Graeme Worboys
Download or read book Connectivity Conservation Management written by Graeme Worboys and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2010 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2010. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Mosaic Landscapes and Ecological Processes by : L. Hansson
Download or read book Mosaic Landscapes and Ecological Processes written by L. Hansson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series presents studies that have used the paradigm of landscape ecology. Other approaches, both to landscape and landscape ecology are common, but in the last decade landscape ecology has become distinct from its predecessors and its contemporaries. Landscape ecology addresses the relationships among spatial patterns, temporal patterns and ecological processes. The effect of spatial configurations on ecological processes is fundamental. When human activity is an important variable affecting those relationships, landscape ecology includes it. Spatial and temporal scales are as large as needed for comprehension of system processes and the mosaic included may be very heterogeneous. Intellec tual utility and applicability of results are valued equally. The Inter national Association for Landscape Ecology sponsors this series of studies in order to introduce and disseminate some of the new knowledge that is being produced by this exciting new environmental science. Gray Merriam Ottawa, Canada Foreword This is a book about real nature, or as close to real as we know - a nature of heterogeneous landscapes, wild and humanized, fine-grained and coarse-grained, wet and dry, hilly and flat, temperate and not so temper ate. Real nature is never uniform. At whatever spatial scale we examine nature, we encounter patchiness. If we were to look down from high above at a landscape of millions of hectares, using a zoom lens to move in and out from broad overview to detailed inspection of a square meter we would see that patterns visible at different scales overlay one another.