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Modeling The Carbon Footprint Of The Supply Chain
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Book Synopsis MODELING THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN. by : Maria Lucchi
Download or read book MODELING THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF THE SUPPLY CHAIN. written by Maria Lucchi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the topic of climate change creeps into the forefront of consumer thoughts, government agendas, and business strategies, organizations on a global scale are taking steps to adapt internally in an effort to fight a changing environment. Furthermore, this research along with many others shifts the focus to the role that business plays in climate change. Because business worldwide has the most harmful impact on the environment and potentially has the greatest ability in terms of wealth and scale to reverse and minimize that harm, corporations are beginning to take action. Much of this action is directed towards reducing the size of an organizations carbon footprint. This paper uses a Fortune 500 chemical company to build a modeling tool to calculate a portion of the companys carbon footprint regarding emissions caused by its operations in transportation. The subsequent modeling tool required a specific methodology to estimate the carbon emissions of their in-scope operations. This paper will outline relevant background information, methodology, assumptions, limitations, and validity of the completed tool. Additionally, the next steps for the company regarding the use and future scaling of the modeling tool as well as data collection and formatting for model input will be carefully described.
Book Synopsis Modeling Carbon Footprint Across the Supply Chain of Food Industry by : Shyam Sundar Sundararaman Shanmugaraja
Download or read book Modeling Carbon Footprint Across the Supply Chain of Food Industry written by Shyam Sundar Sundararaman Shanmugaraja and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Emerging Applications in Supply Chains for Sustainable Business Development by : Kumar, M. Vijaya
Download or read book Emerging Applications in Supply Chains for Sustainable Business Development written by Kumar, M. Vijaya and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of sustainability practices at the system level begins with the supply chain. In the business realm, incorporating such practices allows organizations to redesign their operations more effectively. Emerging Applications in Supply Chains for Sustainable Business Development is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the models, strategies, and analyses that are essential for developing and managing a sustainable supply chain. While highlighting topics such as agile manufacturing and the world food crisis, this publication is ideally designed for business managers, academicians, business practitioners, researchers, academicians, and students seeking current research on sustainable supply chain management.
Download or read book Sustainable Supply Chains written by and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2018 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This case study examines Marks & Spencer's "Plan A" brand strategy for sustainability in general and, in particular, the development of Marks & Spencer's new "Plan A" vehicle. The new lorry has not only reduced the company's carbon emissions but has also lowered costs by increasing load capacity while reducing fuel consumption.
Book Synopsis Carbon Emission Modeling in Green Supply Chain Management by : Zhi Tao
Download or read book Carbon Emission Modeling in Green Supply Chain Management written by Zhi Tao and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on carbon emission management is becoming a very important part of the green supply chain landscape as more businesses continue to make it part of their business strategy, amid pressures from customers, competitors and regulatory agencies. To contribute to the body of knowledge in this emerging research stream a series of lot size models that consider both economic and environmental performances are developed for the carbon emission conscious retailer, manufacturer and a combined model of the retailer and manufacturer. As a matter of expediency, the combined retailer-manufacturer model (Banerjee, 1986) is referred to as the system in this dissertation. The carbon tax mechanism and carbon cap-and-trade mechanism are the most efficient market-based options used to lower carbon emission in practice. These mechanisms are integrated into the developed lot size models, the results of which could provide the carbon emission conscious retailer, manufacturer and the system with optimal lot size and cost strategies. The findings also shed more light for decision makers and policymakers on the impact of carbon tax and carbon trading regulatory policies on the business strategies of the firm. In addition, this dissertation contributes to the current sparse quantitative literature on carbon emission and green supply chain research.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Supply Chains by : Tonya Boone
Download or read book Sustainable Supply Chains written by Tonya Boone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-07 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sustainable enterprise is one that contributes to sustainable development by simultaneously delivering economic, social and environmental benefits or what has been termed "the triple bottom line." While pursuing profit, socially responsible companies should be sensitive to the environment and uphold the rights of all the firm's stakeholders. This edited volume explores leading-edge ideas — both by academics and forward-thinking companies — to (re)design and market products, source, manufacture, and eventually distribute and recover or dispose of them in an environmentally, ecologically, and socially responsible way. This edited volume is made up of fifteen chapters loosely grouped into clusters. After an introduction, chapter 2 shows the greenhouse emissions at various levels, from countries all the way to individual products. Chapters 3-7 each focus on an industrial sector and address issues specific to that industry, with chapter 7 presenting a case study on LEED certification of Miller Hall, home of the Mason School of Business where two of the authors (Tonya and Ram) work. Chapters 8-10 address product take back in the supply chain. Chapter 8 introduces e-waste and surveys what firms are doing to combat it. Chapter 9 provides an overview of existing take-back legislation and academic papers that have studied various research questions associated with them. Chapter 10 is a tutorial that addresses the problem of product disposition on a closed-loop supply chain: what should a firm do with a product return? Chapters 11-15 address measurement, monitoring, decision-making, and reporting regarding environmental issues in a firm. Chapter 11 provides an academic survey of eco-labeling and the consumer’s willingness to pay for them. Chapter 12 discusses how firms can measure the total carbon footprint in their supply chains and some of the strategies they can use to mitigate carbon emissions. Using the price of call options, chapter 13 illustrates how managers can quantify the savings attributed to sustainability-related investment. Chapter 14 develops a non-linear optimization model that addresses the complex trade-offs involved in making joint operational and environmental decisions. Finally, chapter 15 develops a Data Envelopment Analysis-based method for supplier evaluation incorporating environmental and business factors.
Book Synopsis Process-based Modeling for Cradle-to-gate Energy and Carbon Footprint Reduction in Product Design by : Ahmed J. Alsaffar
Download or read book Process-based Modeling for Cradle-to-gate Energy and Carbon Footprint Reduction in Product Design written by Ahmed J. Alsaffar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in accounting for environmental impacts of products, processes, and systems during the design phase is increasing. Numerous studies have undertaken investigations for reducing environmental impacts across the product life cycle. Efforts have also been launched to quantify such impacts more accurately. Life cycle energy consumption and carbon footprint are among the most frequently adopted and investigated environmental performance metrics. As efforts continue to incorporate environmental sustainability into product design, struggles persist in concurrent consideration of environmental impacts resulting from the manufacturing processes and supply chain network design. Thus, the objective of this research is to present a framework for reducing product cradle-to-gate energy consumption and carbon footprint through simultaneous consideration of manufacturing processes and supply chain activities. The framework developed in this thesis relies on unit process modeling, and is demonstrated for production of a bicycle pedal. It is shown that simultaneous consideration of manufacturing and supply chain processes can impact decision-making and improve product environmental sustainability at the design stage. The work presented contributes to the state of the science in sustainable design and manufacturing research. In addition, a point of departure is established for the research community to move current efforts forward for concurrent consideration of multiple stages of the product life cycle in pursuit of environmental, economic, and social sustainability.
Book Synopsis Stochastic and Discrete Green Supply Chain Delivery Models by : Jay R. Brown
Download or read book Stochastic and Discrete Green Supply Chain Delivery Models written by Jay R. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Green supply chain models and carbon emissions tracking have become increasingly prevalent in the supply chain management literature and in corporate strategies. In this dissertation, carbon emissions are integrated into cost-based freight transportation models that can be used to assist operations and supply chain managers in solving the "last mile problem". The models presented herein serve to provide the decision maker with choices on which strategy to implement depending on the strength of the management's desire to reduce carbon emissions. By comparing the optimal solutions that result from using different delivery strategies, this research provides a basis for evaluating an appropriate trade-off between transportation cost and carbon emissions. This dissertation contributes to academia and the literature in several ways. The discrete supply chain models provide a method for decision makers to analyze and compare the lowest cost delivery option with the lowest carbon footprint option. The stochastic last mile framework that is introduced provides a method for researchers and practitioners to measure the expected carbon footprint and compare probabilistic costs, carbon emissions, delivery mileage, and delivery times in order to make decisions regarding the most appropriate delivery strategy. This framework is then applied to two different problem settings. The first involves optimizing a delivery fleet to produce the lowest total cost with carbon emissions integrated into the total cost equation. The second compares the carbon footprint resulting from last mile delivery (ecommerce retailing involving a central store delivering to end customers) to customer pick up (conventional shopping at a brick-and-mortar retail location); the break-even number of customers for carbon emissions equivalence provides a basis for companies to determine the environmental impact of last mile delivery and to determine the feasibility of last mile delivery based on objectives related to minimizing carbon emissions.
Book Synopsis Green Supply Chain Network Design with Emission Sensitive Demand by : Cynthia Waltho
Download or read book Green Supply Chain Network Design with Emission Sensitive Demand written by Cynthia Waltho and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, the argument for a link between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming has become stronger. In response, there has been a global shift. Politicians are implementing carbon policies while consumers are becoming more aware of their own impact on the environment. This thesis explores how environmental policies and consumer awareness impact supply chain network design and provides a new modelling framework in which demand is dependent on carbon footprint. In the first part of the thesis, a comprehensive literature review on green supply chain network design between 2010 and mid 2017 is presented. The review focuses on models and methodologies that explicitly include carbon emissions and environmental policies. It is evident that incorporating carbon policy is popular, particularly carbon cap, carbon offset, cap-and-trade, and carbon tax. By reconfiguring the supply chain and investing in lower-emitting resources, each policy is able to achieve significant emission reduction with marginal increase in total cost. This is achieved by reconfiguring the supply chain and investing in lower-emitting resources. The review finds that there is a lack of models that consider the complex nature of emissions. Other complexities, such as multivariate emissions and uncertainty, are considered in only a few papers. Most importantly, however, it is clear that demand as a function of supply chain emissions is rarely accounted for in supply chain network design literature. In the second part, a two echelon supply chain with emission sensitive demand is considered. A new model is provided that determines at which points investments in lower emitting technologies at the warehouses is necessary. Being nonlinear due to the complex carbon footprint constraint, the resulting model is first reformulated as a second-order cone program, and is tested on a hypothetical e-commerce supply chain. The results illustrate that without proper response to consumer preferences, companies will lose out on revenue. It also illustrates investments are made at clear points as consumer sensitivity to emissions increases, rather than continuously. This work is important for e-commerce companies who wish to set themselves apart from competitors by catering to environmentally conscious consumers. The third part of the thesis presents a new model for green supply chain network design with emission sensitive demand. The supply chain is composed of one plant and multiple warehouses that serve multiple customer zones. Decisions pertaining to the technology type used at the plant, the location and technology of the warehouses, the assignment of customer zones to warehouses, and the flow between the different echelons are modelled. In addition, demand is modelled as a function of carbon footprint. The resulting model is nonlinear due to the carbon footprint constraint. To be able to solve it, we reformulate the problem as a second-order cone program. To test the model and draw insights from it, we build a hypothetical, but realistic potato chip supply chain located in the province of Ontario, Canada. The testing confirms the ability of the model to trade-off between demand and emissions for environmentally conscious customers and provides insight into to how companies could advertise carbon footprint information to capture demand, and their potential impact on the supply chain.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Sustainable Supply Chain Management for the Global Economy by : Akkucuk, Ulas
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Sustainable Supply Chain Management for the Global Economy written by Akkucuk, Ulas and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-06-26 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many fields are beginning to implement developing practices that prove to be more efficient and environmentally friendly compared to traditional practices. This holds true for the realm of business, as organizations are redesigning their operations through the incorporation of sustainable methods. Research is needed on the specific techniques companies are using to promote efficiency and improved effectiveness using sustainability. Handbook of Research on Sustainable Supply Chain Management for the Global Economy is an essential reference source that discusses the incorporation of sustainability in various facets of business management. Featuring research on topics such as disruptive logistics, production planning, and renewable energy sources, this book is ideally designed for researchers, practitioners, students, managers, policymakers, academicians, economists, scholars, and educators seeking coverage on sustainable practices in supply chains to ensure a cleaner environment.
Book Synopsis Building a Sustainable Supply Chain by : Gareth Kane
Download or read book Building a Sustainable Supply Chain written by Gareth Kane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-08 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 was not caused by BP, but by a contractor, yet BP got the blame. The toxic waste from the production of Apple products dumped in China in 2011 was not dumped by Apple, but by a supplier, yet Apple got the blame. The horsemeat found in beef burgers in 2013 was not added by Tesco, but by a supplier, yet Tesco got the blame. In all three cases, blame for the damage caused by suppliers floated up through the supply chain until it lodged with the big brand at the top. No longer can companies constrain their corporate responsibility within the factory fence, as that boundary is not recognized by outside observers. This situation is exacerbated by the fact that the majority of most organizations’ environmental footprint lies in their supply chain. This means that, to address the sustainability agenda in a meaningful way, they must tackle the impacts of their suppliers. Unfortunately this is a huge challenge as visibility and influence diminishes quickly as you start to work your way down through the layers of suppliers. This book gives a quick but comprehensive guide to the most effective techniques to help you proactively address environmental risks in the supply chain. It covers the following: the business case for a sustainable supply chain; supply chains and sustainability: the big picture; making supply chains sustainable: the fundamentals; basic techniques: the "hard yards" of green procurement; intermediate techniques: those requiring changes to operations and products/services; advanced techniques: changes to the business model and corporate philosophy.The book draws upon exclusive interviews with top sustainability practitioners along with the practical experiences of the author to provide real world examples at the cutting edge.
Book Synopsis Dynamic Supply Chain Alignment by : John Gattorna
Download or read book Dynamic Supply Chain Alignment written by John Gattorna and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just like the world financial system, but for different reasons, 21st-century corporations need a new business model for their enterprise supply chains. The old conventions no longer work in this new world of volatile and increasingly unpredictable demand and supply. The enterprise needs to become more 'connected' to its own parts, as well as its partners up and down the chains it participates in. So too, we need to embrace new ways of looking at customers to gain deeper, more insightful impressions of what they are telling us about the way they want to buy our products and services. Finally, these signals need converting into corresponding action, driven by the people in the business, leaders and staff alike, who are aligned to their customers' wishes. This is the world of dynamic supply chain alignment where, increasingly, supply chains are the business. In the follow-up to his hugely successful Strategic Supply Chain Alignment, John Gattorna's Dynamic Supply Chain Alignment, explores how to create and sustain multiple supply chains with a level of flexibility and responsiveness that allow you to respond to opportunities and threats; at the same time aligning with your suppliers, your partners and your customers. When more executives get to this stage of development the profits will flow more readily, and sustainability of performance will not be the same issue it is today. The way forward is right there in front of us; but, says John Gattorna, we must throw off old ways and embrace the new.
Book Synopsis Measuring Supply Chain Carbon Efficiency by : Anthony J. Craig
Download or read book Measuring Supply Chain Carbon Efficiency written by Anthony J. Craig and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the near term, efficiency improvements represent a key option for reducing the impacts of climate change. The growing awareness of climate change has increased the attention regarding the carbon emissions "embedded" in the products we consume. This increased attention creates a need to measure and improve the carbon efficiency of the supply chains that produce those goods. In this thesis we present a method for measuring the carbon efficiency of a supply chain that recognizes the decentralized nature of supply chains. First, drawing from concepts in supply chain performance measurement and eco-efficiency we propose a definition of supply chain carbon efficiency that is consistent with the idea of a product's carbon footprint. We present Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a method for quantifying the environmental impact of a product or service, as the appropriate method of measuring a product's carbon footprint and demonstrate the use of LCA through a case study involving the supply chain of bananas. Next, we characterize the difficulty and uncertainty in performing an LCA of a supply chain through an analysis of our case study of bananas. We present a framework to reduce the uncertainty though the concept of a carbon label. The carbon label provides a system where firms can measure the carbon footprint of their activities and share this information with their supply chain partners. We identify the role of third parties in facilitating information sharing and define the characteristics that describe the carbon label. Finally, we demonstrate how the carbon label works in the context of the supply chain. Through an analysis of the mode and carrier assignment steps in an integrated supply chain we develop new metrics that show how sharing information can increase the accuracy of the measured carbon footprint and improve decision-making. We provide incentive for firms to share information through the development of a vertical differentiation model of product carbon labels. Our model shows how consumer demand for lower carbon products drives reductions in the carbon footprint throughout the supply chain and induces firms to voluntarily disclose their carbon footprint.
Book Synopsis Modeling the Environmental Impact of Demand Variability Upon Supply Chains in the Beverage Industry by : Jorge Y. Daccarett-Garcia
Download or read book Modeling the Environmental Impact of Demand Variability Upon Supply Chains in the Beverage Industry written by Jorge Y. Daccarett-Garcia and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "High demand variability can produce several inefficiencies in the supply chain, increasing cost and decreasing service level. This research focuses on the environmental impact of demand variability on supply chains especially in the beverage industry by investigating the relationship between demand variability and the emissions of carbon dioxide. The analysis was based on a beverage industry case, considering a two-stage supply chain. A simulation model was developed to represent the supply chain. The experimental factors demand variability, demand level, forecast method, system size, and truck fleet configuration were manipulated in order to represent different scenarios. A statistical Design of Experiment (DOE) model was used to understand the impact of these factors in relation to the emissions of carbon dioxide, cost and service level. The findings suggest that increments in demand variability result in an increment in carbon dioxide emissions due to the distribution of the product. It was also observed that an increment in demand variability results in an increment in cost and a decrease in service level. The study also suggests that the factors that influence demand level and truck fleet configuration have a significant impact on the amount of carbon dioxide emissions. A significant interaction between demand variability and demand level was also identified in relation to carbon dioxide emissions, cost, and service level. Trade-offs were identified between carbon dioxide emissions and service level as well as between cost and service level."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Ecosystem-aware Global Supply Chain Management by : Nukala Viswanadham
Download or read book Ecosystem-aware Global Supply Chain Management written by Nukala Viswanadham and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last two decades, several textbooks, research papers, and best practice cases have been published on supply chain management. However, globalization has created dispersed supply chains which are vulnerable and dependent on entities and factors that are exogenous to the supply chain. Resource scarcity, environmental regulations, government policies, political unrest, economic instability, and natural disasters are a few examples of how non-supply chain factors influence the way supply chains are managed. These exogenous factors are not just risk sources but can also be venues for innovation and growth.This book presents the notion of supply chain ecosystem to holistically model all the factors that interact with the supply chain and influence the flow of goods, information, and finance. Through a number of real-life case studies, the authors use the ecosystem framework to study the governance, risk, innovation, and performance issues in supply chain management, and also to redesign the management techniques for global supply chains. In doing so, this book makes a unique contribution to the theory and practice of supply chain networks.
Book Synopsis Estimating Life Cycle Carbon Emissions of the Global Oil Supply Chain at a High-resolution Using Optimization in a Network Model by : Yash Dixit
Download or read book Estimating Life Cycle Carbon Emissions of the Global Oil Supply Chain at a High-resolution Using Optimization in a Network Model written by Yash Dixit and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Datasets, existing emission estimators and computational techniques based on optimization. The thesis concludes that globally, the carbon footprint variability ranges from 1.80 to 32.92 gCO2/MJ with a volume weighted mean of 9.73 gCO2/MJ. This variability coupled with supply forecasts up to 2050 from low-carbon scenarios amount to additional CO2 savings of 2-5 GT.
Book Synopsis Modelling the Carbon Footprint of Non-Optimal Ecommerce Last Mile Distribution by : Reilly Mc Carthy
Download or read book Modelling the Carbon Footprint of Non-Optimal Ecommerce Last Mile Distribution written by Reilly Mc Carthy and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of sustainability is now a top priority for business strategy, consumer discretion, and government aid. Sustainability's mass adoption comes from the issues arising from climate change and the ability to use metrics to tell what actions are primarily contributing to the increase in emissions. The top contributors of GHG emissions are large companies conducting business. The largest proponent of climate change for a business, making up ninety percent of the GHG emissions, is related to a company's supply chain. Since business is a top contributor to emissions, companies are now investing heavily in technology to reverse or minimize their environmental harm. One way a business can look at sustainability is through a carbon footprint or carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) calculator. These calculators allow the business to view its emissions from the tasks the calculator is considering. This research partners with a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) provider specializing in network optimization to build a carbon footprint modelling tool. The research investigated potential emission savings from perfect inventory placement, simplified ways to portray emission metrics, and financial savings related to transportation with perfect inventory placement. It was found that there is potential for a business to save 35.5 percent of total emissions related to last mile transportation if it has perfect last mile inventory placement. In addition to the emission savings, seventeen different ways to portray tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) emission metrics were gathered in Table 5. Finally, it was found that annual savings in total transportation costs are $5,763,963.53 by evaluating tractor trailer and last mile delivery van fuel and labor costs.
