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Modeling Of Fault Reactivation And Induced Seismicity During Hydraulic Fracturing Of Shale Gas Reservoirs
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Book Synopsis Modeling of Fault Reactivation and Induced Seismicity During Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale-gas Reservoirs by :
Download or read book Modeling of Fault Reactivation and Induced Seismicity During Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale-gas Reservoirs written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have conducted numerical simulation studies to assess the potential for injection-induced fault reactivation and notable seismic events associated with shale-gas hydraulic fracturing operations. The modeling is generally tuned towards conditions usually encountered in the Marcellus shale play in the Northeastern US at an approximate depth of 1500 m (~;;4,500 feet). Our modeling simulations indicate that when faults are present, micro-seismic events are possible, the magnitude of which is somewhat larger than the one associated with micro-seismic events originating from regular hydraulic fracturing because of the larger surface area that is available for rupture. The results of our simulations indicated fault rupture lengths of about 10 to 20 m, which, in rare cases can extend to over 100 m, depending on the fault permeability, the in situ stress field, and the fault strength properties. In addition to a single event rupture length of 10 to 20 m, repeated events and aseismic slip amounted to a total rupture length of 50 m, along with a shear offset displacement of less than 0.01 m. This indicates that the possibility of hydraulically induced fractures at great depth (thousands of meters) causing activation of faults and creation of a new flow path that can reach shallow groundwater resources (or even the surface) is remote. The expected low permeability of faults in producible shale is clearly a limiting factor for the possible rupture length and seismic magnitude. In fact, for a fault that is initially nearly-impermeable, the only possibility of larger fault slip event would be opening by hydraulic fracturing; this would allow pressure to penetrate the matrix along the fault and to reduce the frictional strength over a sufficiently large fault surface patch. However, our simulation results show that if the fault is initially impermeable, hydraulic fracturing along the fault results in numerous small micro-seismic events along with the propagation, effectively preventing larger events from occurring. Nevertheless, care should be taken with continuous monitoring of induced seismicity during the entire injection process to detect any runaway fracturing along faults.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Fault Activation and Seismicity by Injection Directly Into a Fault Zone Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale-gas Reservoirs by :
Download or read book Modeling of Fault Activation and Seismicity by Injection Directly Into a Fault Zone Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale-gas Reservoirs written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We conducted three-dimensional coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical modeling of fault activation and seismicity associated with hydraulic fracturing stimulation of a shale-gas reservoir. We simulated a case in which a horizontal injection well intersects a steeply dip- ping fault, with hydraulic fracturing channeled within the fault, during a 3-hour hydraulic fracturing stage. Consistent with field observations, the simulation results show that shale-gas hydraulic fracturing along faults does not likely induce seismic events that could be felt on the ground surface, but rather results in numerous small microseismic events, as well as aseismic deformations along with the fracture propagation. The calculated seismic moment magnitudes ranged from about -2.0 to 0.5, except for one case assuming a very brittle fault with low residual shear strength, for which the magnitude was 2.3, an event that would likely go unnoticed or might be barely felt by humans at its epicenter. The calculated moment magnitudes showed a dependency on injection depth and fault dip. We attribute such dependency to variation in shear stress on the fault plane and associated variation in stress drop upon reactivation. Our simulations showed that at the end of the 3-hour injection, the rupture zone associated with tensile and shear failure extended to a maximum radius of about 200 m from the injection well. The results of this modeling study for steeply dipping faults at 1000 to 2500 m depth is in agreement with earlier studies and field observations showing that it is very unlikely that activation of a fault by shale-gas hydraulic fracturing at great depth (thousands of meters) could cause felt seismicity or create a new flow path (through fault rupture) that could reach shallow groundwater resources.
Book Synopsis Modeling and Characterization of Hydraulic Stimulation and Induced Seismicity in Geothermal and Shale Gas Reservoirs by : Mark William McClure
Download or read book Modeling and Characterization of Hydraulic Stimulation and Induced Seismicity in Geothermal and Shale Gas Reservoirs written by Mark William McClure and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classical concept of hydraulic fracturing is that large, wing-shaped tensile fractures propagate away from the wellbore. However, in low matrix permeability settings such as Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) and gas shale, hydraulic fracturing creates complex networks that may contain both newly formed fractures and stimulated natural fractures. In this research, the overall approach has been to integrate field observations, laboratory observations, and understanding of fundamental physical processes into computational modeling that is specifically designed for complex hydraulic fracturing and to apply the modeling to develop deeper understanding and to solve practical problems. A computational model was developed that coupled fluid flow, stresses induced by fracture opening and sliding, transmissivity coupling to deformation, friction evolution, and fracture propagation in two-dimensional discrete fracture networks. The model is efficient enough to simulate networks with thousands of fractures. A variety of novel techniques were developed to enable the model to be accurate, efficient, realistic, and convergent to discretization refinement in time and space. Testing demonstrated that simulation results are affected profoundly by the stresses induced by fracture deformation, justifying the considerable effort required to include these stresses in the model. Four conceptual models were formulated that represent the main hypotheses about stimulation mechanism from the literature of hydraulic fracturing. We refer to the stimulation mechanisms as Pure Opening Mode (POM), Pure Shear Stimulation (PSS), Mixed-Mechanism Stimulation (MMS), and Primary Fracturing with Shear Stimulation Leakoff (PFSSL). Computational models were used to investigate the properties of each mechanism. Geological factors that affect stimulation mechanism were identified. Techniques for diagnosing stimulation mechanism were devised that incorporate interpretation of bottom hole pressure during injection, shut-in, and production, microseismic relocations, and wellbore image logs. A Tendency to Shear Stimulation (TSS) test was proposed as a way to help diagnose the mechanism by unambiguously measuring a formation's ability to experience shear stimulation. Modeling results suggested several potential sources for error in estimation of the least principal stress in low matrix permeability settings. The Crack-like Shear Stimulation (CSS) mechanism was identified as a potentially important physical process that may control the spreading of shear stimulation through the interaction of fluid flow, deformation, and slip-transmissivity coupling. The computational model also has the capability to couple fluid flow with rate and state earthquake simulation. The model was used to investigate the interaction of fluid flow, permeability evolution, and induced seismicity during injection into a single large fault. Using the model, a variety of observations about induced seismicity in EGS were explained. Producing fluid back after injection and gradually reducing injection pressure during stimulation were identified as strategies for minimizing induced seismicity. A review of historical EGS projects demonstrated that the severity of induced seismicity has been correlated to the degree of brittle fault zone development in the interval of injection. The fracture networks at each project were categorized along a continuum from thick, porous fault zones to thin cracks. Observations from specific EGS projects fell across the full continuum, a result that has implications not only for induced seismicity, but for fractured reservoirs in general. A pressure transient analysis was performed using data from the EGS project at Soultz-sous-Forêts. At Soultz, fluid injection induced slip and transmissivity enhancement in large fault zones. The pressure transient analysis showed that these fault zones are best described as slabs of single porosity, single permeability material. Evidence of dual porosity behavior was not found.
Book Synopsis Reservoir Geomechanics by : Mark D. Zoback
Download or read book Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This interdisciplinary book encompasses the fields of rock mechanics, structural geology and petroleum engineering to address a wide range of geomechanical problems that arise during the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs. It considers key practical issues such as prediction of pore pressure, estimation of hydrocarbon column heights and fault seal potential, determination of optimally stable well trajectories, casing set points and mud weights, changes in reservoir performance during depletion, and production-induced faulting and subsidence. The book establishes the basic principles involved before introducing practical measurement and experimental techniques to improve recovery and reduce exploitation costs. It illustrates their successful application through case studies taken from oil and gas fields around the world. This book is a practical reference for geoscientists and engineers in the petroleum and geothermal industries, and for research scientists interested in stress measurements and their application to problems of faulting and fluid flow in the crust.
Book Synopsis Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing by : Shawn Mawell
Download or read book Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing written by Shawn Mawell and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microseismic Imaging of Hydraulic Fracturing: Improved Engineering of Unconventional Shale Reservoirs (SEG Distinguished Instructor Series No. 17) covers the use of microseismic data to enhance engineering design of hydraulic fracturing and well completion. The book, which accompanies the 2014 SEG Distinguished Instructor Short Course, describes the design, acquisition, processing, and interpretation of an effective microseismic project. The text includes a tutorial of the basics of hydraulic fracturing, including the geologic and geomechanical factors that control fracture growth. In addition to practical issues associated with collecting and interpreting microseismic data, potential pitfalls and quality-control steps are discussed. Actual case studies are used to demonstrate engineering benefits and improved production through the use of microseismic monitoring. Providing a practical user guide for survey design, quality control, interpretation, and application of microseismic hydraulic fracture monitoring, this book will be of interest to geoscientists and engineers involved in development of unconventional reservoirs.
Book Synopsis Fluid-Induced Seismicity by : S. A. Shapiro
Download or read book Fluid-Induced Seismicity written by S. A. Shapiro and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a quantitative introduction to the physics, application, interpretation, and hazard aspects of fluid-induced seismicity, focussing on spatio-temporal dynamics. Including many real data examples, this is a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students of geophysics, geomechanics and petrophysics, and a practical guide for petroleum geoscientists and engineers.
Book Synopsis Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics by : Mark D. Zoback
Download or read book Unconventional Reservoir Geomechanics written by Mark D. Zoback and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of the key geologic, geomechanical and engineering principles that govern the development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs. Covering hydrocarbon-bearing formations, horizontal drilling, reservoir seismology and environmental impacts, this is an invaluable resource for geologists, geophysicists and reservoir engineers.
Book Synopsis Modern Shale Gas Development in the United States by :
Download or read book Modern Shale Gas Development in the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracture Modeling by : Yu-Shu Wu
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracture Modeling written by Yu-Shu Wu and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2017-11-30 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Fracture Modeling delivers all the pertinent technology and solutions in one product to become the go-to source for petroleum and reservoir engineers. Providing tools and approaches, this multi-contributed reference presents current and upcoming developments for modeling rock fracturing including their limitations and problem-solving applications. Fractures are common in oil and gas reservoir formations, and with the ongoing increase in development of unconventional reservoirs, more petroleum engineers today need to know the latest technology surrounding hydraulic fracturing technology such as fracture rock modeling. There is tremendous research in the area but not all located in one place. Covering two types of modeling technologies, various effective fracturing approaches and model applications for fracturing, the book equips today’s petroleum engineer with an all-inclusive product to characterize and optimize today’s more complex reservoirs. Offers understanding of the details surrounding fracturing and fracture modeling technology, including theories and quantitative methods Provides academic and practical perspective from multiple contributors at the forefront of hydraulic fracturing and rock mechanics Provides today’s petroleum engineer with model validation tools backed by real-world case studies
Book Synopsis Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies by : National Research Council
Download or read book Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several years, some energy technologies that inject or extract fluid from the Earth, such as oil and gas development and geothermal energy development, have been found or suspected to cause seismic events, drawing heightened public attention. Although only a very small fraction of injection and extraction activities among the hundreds of thousands of energy development sites in the United States have induced seismicity at levels noticeable to the public, understanding the potential for inducing felt seismic events and for limiting their occurrence and impacts is desirable for state and federal agencies, industry, and the public at large. To better understand, limit, and respond to induced seismic events, work is needed to build robust prediction models, to assess potential hazards, and to help relevant agencies coordinate to address them. Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies identifies gaps in knowledge and research needed to advance the understanding of induced seismicity; identify gaps in induced seismic hazard assessment methodologies and the research to close those gaps; and assess options for steps toward best practices with regard to energy development and induced seismicity potential.
Book Synopsis Shear Related Reactivation of Fractures/faults and the Effects on Permeability Evolution and Induced Seismicity by : Jiayi Yu
Download or read book Shear Related Reactivation of Fractures/faults and the Effects on Permeability Evolution and Induced Seismicity written by Jiayi Yu and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large-scale subsurface fluid injection is commonly deployed in geoengineering activities for hydraulic fracturing, enhanced geothermal system (EGS) development, carbon capture and storage (CCS) and underground waste disposal. Preexisting fractures or faults that are favorably orientated to in-situ stresses can be potentially shear-reactivated by the induced fluid overpressure. This is of particular interest in hydraulic fracturing-induced permeability enhancement in shale reservoirs where the presence of intricate natural fracture networks and their interaction with driven hydraulic fractures serve as pathways for the efficient transport of hydrocarbons. Conversely, fault and fracture reactivation in shear may also result in undesired triggered seismicity. The observation that induced seismicity can be of substantial magnitude and hence high hazard necessitates careful management to mitigate any associated risks. The following reports experimental observations that explore the role of shear-related reactivation of fractures and faults, inclusive of both bare surfaces and filled with proppant, and their impacts on the evolution of permeability (Chapters 1 and 2) and induced seismicity (Chapter 3). These activities and outcomes are described in detail in the following. Chapter 1 investigates the factors that influence fluid transfer into massive hydraulic fractures through tightly constrained laboratory experiments, specifically due to the reactivation of oblique fractures and proppant penetration during long-term shale reservoir depletion. We find that the evolution of the propped fracture's friction-permeability relationship is mainly controlled by the rock's friction/rigidity, which is sensitive to normal stress and proppant loading concentration but less sensitive to shear displacement rate. Our experiments examine both shale and steel fractures as analogs for weak and strong fracture surfaces and were calibrated using granular mechanics models (DEM). We observe that propped strong fractures have a continuous permeability decay at a constant rate during shear deformation, while permeability of weak fractures declines rapidly during pre-steady-state-friction and more slowly after transitioning to steady-state-friction. We believe that weak fracture walls accommodate shear deformation through distributed deformation across the proppant pack's interior and sliding at the fracture-proppant interface, whereas strong rocks accommodate shear deformation mainly through distributed deformation within the proppant pack. Chapter 2 reveals the importance of shear deformation in conditioning the fluid transport characteristics of shale reservoirs, specifically due to the prevalent existence of natural fractures. We conduct laboratory experiments reproducing fracture slip on both propped and unpropped fractures in Marcellus shale to explore the role of shear deformation as a primary control on permeability evolution and its correlation with initial stress state, shear stress magnitude and loading rate, and proppant loading concentration. For tests on unpropped fractures, we incorporate the complexity in both form and response of natural fracture topography by using pristine natural fractures directly split along bedding planes. Under low shear stress, unpropped fracture is prohibited from slipping by strongly mated interlocking asperities. As we increase shear stress exceeding the frictional strength of the contact, it exhibits great conductivity enhancement upon fracture reactivation followed by immediate and continuous decay. If shear stress is loaded incrementally instead of instantaneously -- broadly representing different fracking fluid injection rate -- fracture conductivity response to shear deformation is considerably muted. Unpropped fracture behaviors are also found to be strongly related to fracture roughness and fidelity of the interlocking asperities, while less sensitive to background stress state (confining stress). For propped fractures, we use manually ground fractures to specifically focus on the proppant impacts. In contrast to unpropped fractures, conductivity enhancement upon shear reactivation only presents where proppant is placed as non-uniformly distributed monolayer, which can be attributed to the generation of interparticle highly permeable flow paths. Otherwise, conductivity decreases as a result of proppant embedment, crushing, and compaction, however the reduction is muted with thicker proppant pack. Chapter 3 reports the role of critical stress in quantifying the magnitude of fluid-injection triggered earthquakes. We directly constrain the impact of pre-existing critical stresses on the relation linking seismic moment to injection volume. We report shear reactivation experiments on laboratory faults triggered by fluid pressurization. Experiments are conducted under both zero-displacement and constant shear stress boundary conditions -- differentiating the role of stress relaxation during fault slip. Both are shown capable of linking event magnitude (M) with injected volume ([delta]V). Injection response defines two discrete and linear stages in M-[delta]V space linked by a discrete up-step. The first limb (stage) represents the elastic deformation of the fault, the vertical up-step its reactivation and the second limb the rupture response as incremented sliding. Faults loaded to different pre-stress identify and quantify the controlling role of pre-existing shear stress in conditioning event magnitude. Laboratory results are readily explained by a model that considers the pre-existing stress state in the rupture of a rigid fault with slip limited to the zone of pressurization. This cumulative moment is defined as M=c/(1-c) G[delta]V with c defining the proportion of the static stress drop already applied by tectonic stressing, alternatively viewed as the proximity to failure. The model and confirmatory laboratory observations explain the triggered earthquakes at EGS sites larger than expected based on previous models relative to injection volumes. The three chapters of this dissertation comprise a series of three papers currently in-submittal. By order of chapter appearance, these papers are: Yu, J., Eijsink, A., Marone, C., Rivière, J., Shokouhi, P., Elsworth, D (2023) "Role of Critical Stress in Quantifying the Magnitude of Fluid-Injection Triggered Earthquakes" (In prep.) Yu, J., Wang, J., Li, Y., El-Fayoumi, A., Wu, R., Liu, X., Rijken, P., Rathbun, A., Elsworth, D. (2022) "Role of Shear Deformation on Shale Fracture Reactivation and Conductivity Evolution" (Manuscript submitted: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering) Yu, J., Wang, J., Li, Y., El-Fayoumi, A., Wu, R., Liu, X., Rijken, P., Rathbun, A., Elsworth, D. (2022) "Friction-Permeability Relationships for Propped Fractures in Shale" (Manuscript submitted: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering).
Book Synopsis 2015 Guide to Earthquakes from Fracking, Hydraulic Fracturing, and Shale Gas - Underground Wastewater Disposal, New Usgs Report, Incorporating Induced Seismicity in Seismic Hazard Model by : U. S. Government
Download or read book 2015 Guide to Earthquakes from Fracking, Hydraulic Fracturing, and Shale Gas - Underground Wastewater Disposal, New Usgs Report, Incorporating Induced Seismicity in Seismic Hazard Model written by U. S. Government and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique guide presents up-to-date information about the ongoing issue of earthquakes in states such as Oklahoma and Texas caused by fracking and hydraulic fracturing. It includes the April 2015 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) report, Incorporating Induced Seismicity in the 2014 United States National Seismic Hazard Model - Results of 2014 Workshop and Sensitivity Studies. Significant strides in science have been made to better understand potential ground shaking from induced earthquakes, which are earthquakes triggered by man-made practices. Earthquake activity has sharply increased since 2009 in the central and eastern United States. The increase has been linked to industrial operations that dispose of wastewater by injecting it into deep wells. The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) report outlines a preliminary set of models to forecast how hazardous ground shaking could be in the areas where sharp increases in seismicity have been recorded. The models ultimately aim to calculate how often earthquakes are expected to occur in the next year and how hard the ground will likely shake as a result. This report looked at the central and eastern United States; future research will incorporate data from the western states as well. This report also identifies issues that must be resolved to develop a final hazard model, which is scheduled for release at the end of the year after the preliminary models are further examined. These preliminary models should be considered experimental in nature and should not be used for decision-making. USGS scientists identified 17 areas within eight states with increased rates of induced seismicity. Since 2000, several of these areas have experienced high levels of seismicity, with substantial increases since 2009 that continue today. This is the first comprehensive assessment of the hazard levels associated with induced earthquakes in these areas, including the states of Alabama, Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Ohio, Oklahoma, and Texas. Scientists developed the models by analyzing earthquakes in these zones and considering their rates, locations, maximum magnitude, and ground motions.
Book Synopsis Advances in Monitoring, Modeling and Managing Induced Seismicity by : Francesco Grigoli
Download or read book Advances in Monitoring, Modeling and Managing Induced Seismicity written by Francesco Grigoli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-02-18 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Passive Seismic Monitoring of Induced Seismicity by : David W. Eaton
Download or read book Passive Seismic Monitoring of Induced Seismicity written by David W. Eaton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have witnessed remarkable growth in the application of passive seismic monitoring to address a range of problems in geoscience and engineering, from large-scale tectonic studies to environmental investigations. Passive seismic methods are increasingly being used for surveillance of massive, multi-stage hydraulic fracturing and development of enhanced geothermal systems. The theoretical framework and techniques used in this emerging area draw on various established fields, such as earthquake seismology, exploration geophysics and rock mechanics. Based on university and industry courses developed by the author, this book reviews all the relevant research and technology to provide an introduction to the principles and applications of passive seismic monitoring. It integrates up-to-date case studies and interactive online exercises, making it a comprehensive and accessible resource for advanced students and researchers in geophysics and engineering, as well as industry practitioners.
Book Synopsis Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Computer Simulation by : C.-H. Chen
Download or read book Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Computer Simulation written by C.-H. Chen and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2024-01-19 with total page 1266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied mathematics, modelling, and computer simulation are central to many aspects of engineering and computer science, and continue to be of intrinsic importance to the development of modern technologies. This book presents the proceedings of AMMCS 2023, the 3rd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Computer Simulation, held on 12 and 13 August 2023 in Wuhan, China. The conference provided an ideal opportunity for scholars and researchers to communicate important recent developments in their areas of specialization to their colleagues, and to scientists in related disciplines. More than 250 submissions were received for the conference, of which 133 were selected for presentation at the conference and inclusion here after a thorough peer-review process. These range from the theoretical and conceptual to strongly pragmatic papers addressing industrial best practice, and cover topics such as mathematical modeling and application; engineering applications and scientific computations; and the simulation of intelligent systems. The book explores practical experiences and enlightening ideas, and will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and to all those working in the fields of applied mathematics, modeling and computer simulation.
Book Synopsis Hydraulic Fracturing in Unconventional Reservoirs by : Hoss Belyadi
Download or read book Hydraulic Fracturing in Unconventional Reservoirs written by Hoss Belyadi and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic Fracturing in Unconventional Reservoirs: Theories, Operations, and Economic Analysis, Second Edition, presents the latest operations and applications in all facets of fracturing. Enhanced to include today’s newest technologies, such as machine learning and the monitoring of field performance using pressure and rate transient analysis, this reference gives engineers the full spectrum of information needed to run unconventional field developments. Covering key aspects, including fracture clean-up, expanded material on refracturing, and a discussion on economic analysis in unconventional reservoirs, this book keeps today's petroleum engineers updated on the critical aspects of unconventional activity. Helps readers understand drilling and production technology and operations in shale gas through real-field examples Covers various topics on fractured wells and the exploitation of unconventional hydrocarbons in one complete reference Presents the latest operations and applications in all facets of fracturing
Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Development in China by : Meiyu Guo
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Development in China written by Meiyu Guo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-07 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book features a comprehensive analysis of the development of shale gas resources in China, with a focus on the potential environmental impacts that may result. China has the world’s largest shale gas resources, which it is keen to develop to alleviate air pollution and successfully transition to a low-carbon energy future. However, one significant obstacle standing between the ambition and reality is the potentially serious environmental impacts of shale gas production. This book offers a systematic assessment of these potential impacts, including the risk of water contamination, ecological disruption due to the huge consumption of water and methane leakage. It presents valuable first-hand data collected from the authors’ fieldwork in Sichuan and Chongqing and the latest information on China’s current shale gas operations and also includes a set of models and methods developed to quantify the impacts. It allows readers to gain a deeper understanding of environmental regulatory management systems regarding shale gas production in China by examining whether the existing monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) systems and environmental regulations can effectively prevent adverse impacts from shale gas production. Providing a detailed study of shale gas development in China based on an unprecedented primary dataset, the book is a valuable resource for scholars, engineers and students who are interested in the energy development and environmental risks.
