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Militias States And Violence Against Civilians
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Book Synopsis Militias, States and Violence against Civilians by : Paul Lorenzo Johnson
Download or read book Militias, States and Violence against Civilians written by Paul Lorenzo Johnson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-04-21 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the conditions under which the presence and use of militias result in an increase or a decrease in violence against civilians in intra-state conflicts. Showcasing the breadth and diversity of modern militias in the context of violence against civilians, the volume addresses the predation and repression that many such groups are infamous for, as well as increasingly important efforts by other militias at civilian protection in war-torn settings. The chapters examine militias from around the world, drawing on both qualitative and quantitative methods as they cover groups as varied as gangs, death squads, grassroots community-defense groups, official state militias, and party-sponsored armies – groups on the "civic vice" side, the "civic virtue" side, and the wide and mixed in-between space where most cases fall. Taken as a cohesive unit, the work lays the foundation for an encompassing theory and interrogation of the causal chain between militia type and operating context and the levels of violence against civilians. It provides path-breaking theory-building and empirical scholarship. Policymakers and national security practitioners dealing with issues relating to armed groups will also benefit from the practical issues covered here, such as how different forms of sponsorship and training affect militia behavior. This book will be of interest to students of civil wars, political violence, counterinsurgency, civil-military relations, and security studies in general.
Book Synopsis The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence by : Paul Rexton Kan
Download or read book The Global Challenge of Militias and Paramilitary Violence written by Paul Rexton Kan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-25 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes militias as significant and prevalent actors in today’s international security environment. To separate them from other types of violent non-state groups, such as terrorists, guerrillas and insurgents, the author describes militias as local guardians that use violence to fill a variety of political, social and security gaps, which have created vulnerabilities for their particular constituencies. Although militias are local in orientation, their effects are not contained to particular countries and have only added to the instability in the international system. This book explores how militias contribute to international security issues by furthering state fragility, undermining human rights and democratization, enabling illicit trafficking, prolonging internal conflicts and fostering proxy wars.
Book Synopsis Citizen Militia by : Rear Admiral Joseph H. Miller
Download or read book Citizen Militia written by Rear Admiral Joseph H. Miller and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History is filled with wars. We dream the victories and defeats, great and small, and note how they have shaped our world. Wars and social movements have made our civilization as we know it. Man’s religion and past wars gives us an understanding of the present. In 1075, a militia loyal to the crown was used against the Norman rebellion. A militia in 1285, and later a Law of Trusts, reorganized the militia. In 1471, with the aid of the militia, towns in Sweden returned to reforms. The University of Uppsala was founded (1477) and printing was introduced. The civic humanist ideal of the militia was spread through Europe by the writings of Niccolò Machiavelli. The militiaman in times of crisis left his civilian duties and became a soldier. When the emergency was over, he returned to his civilian status. Militias continued in England, Italy, Germany, and the United States through the Middle Ages. The first US militia was in Boston. Militias soon followed in the Colonies. Militias were valuable in the American Revolution, the War of 1812, Mexican War, and both sides of the Civil War. There was further growth into the 1900’s and on into the Present. “Thou art also victory and law When empty terrors overawe.” (Wordsworth)
Book Synopsis Inducing Compliance with International Humanitarian Law by : Heike Krieger
Download or read book Inducing Compliance with International Humanitarian Law written by Heike Krieger and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-09-18 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluates various means of inducing compliance with international humanitarian law by state and non-state actors.
Book Synopsis Violent Resistance by : Corinna Jentzsch
Download or read book Violent Resistance written by Corinna Jentzsch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do communities form militias to defend themselves against violence during civil war? Using original interviews with former combatants and civilians and archival material from extensive fieldwork in Mozambique, Corinna Jentzsch's Violent Resistance explains the timing, location and process through which communities form militias. Jentzsch shows that local military stalemates characterized by ongoing violence allow civilians to form militias that fight alongside the government against rebels. Militias spread only to communities in which elites are relatively unified, preventing elites from coopting militias for private gains. Crucially, militias that build on preexisting social conventions are able to resonate with the people and empower them to regain agency over their lives. Jentzsch's innovative study brings conceptual clarity to the militia phenomenon and helps us understand how wartime civilian agency, violent resistance, and the rise of third actors beyond governments and rebels affect the dynamics of civil war, on the African continent and beyond.
Book Synopsis Violent Resistance by : Corinna Jentzsch
Download or read book Violent Resistance written by Corinna Jentzsch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using original fieldwork, Violent Resistance explains when, where, and how communities form militias to defend themselves in civil wars.
Book Synopsis Citizen Militia by : Rear Admiral Joseph H Miller
Download or read book Citizen Militia written by Rear Admiral Joseph H Miller and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: History is filled with wars. We dream the victories and defeats, great and small, and note how they have shaped our world. Wars and social movements have made our civilization as we know it. Man's religion and past wars gives us an understanding of the present. In 1075, a militia loyal to the crown was used against the Norman rebellion. A militia in 1285, and later a Law of Trusts, reorganized the militia. In 1471, with the aid of the militia, towns in Sweden returned to reforms. The University of Uppsala was founded (1477) and printing was introduced. The civic humanist ideal of the militia was spread through Europe by the writings of Niccolò Machiavelli. The militiaman in times of crisis left his civilian duties and became a soldier. When the emergency was over, he returned to his civilian status. Militias continued in England, Italy, Germany, and the United States through the Middle Ages. The first US militia was in Boston. Militias soon followed in the Colonies. Militias were valuable in the American Revolution, the War of 1812, Mexican War, and both sides of the Civil War. There was further growth into the 1900's and on into the Present. "Thou art also victory and law When empty terrors overawe." (Wordsworth)
Download or read book Oath Keepers written by Sam Jackson and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2008, the American patriot/militia movement—right-wing antigovernment groups who portray themselves as fighting encroaching tyranny—has grown exponentially. Oath Keepers is among the most visible and vocal of these organizations. Formed in 2009, Oath Keepers gained notoriety for its involvement in the Bundy Ranch standoff of 2014 and the Malheur Refuge occupation of 2016. The group gives voice to a recurrent form of American politics: virulent distrust of the government combined with a valorization of violence. Sam Jackson takes readers inside the world of the most prominent antigovernment group in the United States, examining its extensive online presence to discover how it builds support for its political goals and actions. Through an extensive textual analysis of the group’s publications, Jackson explores how Oath Keepers draws on core American political values and pivotal historical moments of conflict and crisis from the Revolutionary War to Waco to Hurricane Katrina to cast its adherents as defenders of liberty. He details how Oath Keepers makes sense of the contemporary United States, how it provides members with models of political behavior, and how it lobbies the wider American public to join the group. The first book-length investigation of the contemporary patriot/militia movement, Oath Keepers sheds new light on what animates groups that pose a growing threat to American security and political culture.
Book Synopsis To Shake Their Guns in the Tyrant's Face by : Robert H Churchill
Download or read book To Shake Their Guns in the Tyrant's Face written by Robert H Churchill and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2011-01-24 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “To Shake Their Guns in the Tyrant's Face addresses an area—the relationship of American political violence to American ideology—that is of growing importance and that is commanding an ever increasing audience, and it does so in a way like nothing else in the field.” —David Williams, Indiana University School of Law, Bloomington After the bombings of Oklahoma City in 1995, most Americans were shocked to discover that tens of thousands of their fellow citizens had banded together in homegrown militias. Within the next few years, numerous studies and media reports appeared revealing the unseen world of the American militia movement, a loose alliance of groups with widely divergent views. Not surprisingly, it was the movement’s most extreme voices that attracted the lion's share of attention. In reality, Robert Churchill writes, the militia movement was neither as irrational nor as new as it was portrayed in the press. Churchill uses three case studies to illustrate the origin of some of the core values of the modern militia movement: Fries’ Rebellion in Pennsylvania at the end of the 18th century, the Sons of Liberty Conspiracy in Civil War–era Indiana and Illinois, and the Black Legion in Michigan and Ohio during the Depression. Building on extensive interviews with militia members, the author places the contemporary militia movement in the context of these earlier insurrectionary movements which, animated by a libertarian interpretation of the American Revolution, used force to resist the authority of the federal government.
Book Synopsis The Limits of Dissent by : Thomas Halpern
Download or read book The Limits of Dissent written by Thomas Halpern and published by Creation Books. This book was released on 1996 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior to the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City, the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) in New York and Southern Povery Law Center in Montgomery, Alabama reported on the dangers to civil society posed by armed civilian militias. In this book, Thomas Halpern of the ADL describes the origins and evolution of armed civilian militias and Brian Levin of the Southern Poverty Law Center analyzes the legal status of these groups.
Book Synopsis Rebel Governance in Civil War by : Ana Arjona
Download or read book Rebel Governance in Civil War written by Ana Arjona and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book to examine and compare how rebels govern civilians during civil wars in Latin America, Africa, Asia, and Europe. Drawing from a variety of disciplinary traditions, including political science, sociology, and anthropology, the book provides in-depth case studies of specific conflicts as well as comparative studies of multiple conflicts. Among other themes, the book examines why and how some rebels establish both structures and practices of rule, the role of ideology, cultural, and material factors affecting rebel governance strategies, the impact of governance on the rebel/civilian relationship, civilian responses to rebel rule, the comparison between modes of state and non-state governance to rebel attempts to establish political order, the political economy of rebel governance, and the decline and demise of rebel governance attempts.
Book Synopsis Ordering Violence by : Paul Staniland
Download or read book Ordering Violence written by Paul Staniland and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Ordering Violence, Paul Staniland advances a broad approach to armed politics—bringing together governments, insurgents, militias, and armed political parties in a shared framework—to argue that governments' perception of the ideological threats posed by armed groups drive their responses and interactions. Staniland combines a unique new dataset of state-group armed orders in India, Pakistan, Burma/Myanmar, and Sri Lanka with detailed case studies from the region to explore when and how this model of threat perception provides insight into patterns of repression, collusion, and mutual neglect across nearly seven decades. Instead of straightforwardly responding to the material or organizational power of armed groups, Staniland finds, regimes assess how a group's politics align with their own ideological projects. Explaining, for example, why governments often use extreme repression against weak groups even while working with or tolerating more powerful armed actors, Ordering Violence provides a comprehensive overview of South Asia's complex armed politics, embedded within an analytical framework that can also speak broadly beyond the subcontinent.
Book Synopsis Violence Against Civilians in Civil Wars by : Jean-Paul Azam
Download or read book Violence Against Civilians in Civil Wars written by Jean-Paul Azam and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book "They Came Here to Kill Us" written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recommendations -- Background -- Patterns of violence in Eastern Chad -- Attacks on civilians in Dar Tama -- Attacks on civilians by militias in Dar Sila -- Government responses to militia attacks -- Use of child soldiers by armed groups in Eastern Chad -- Humanitarian consequences of the violence in Eastern Chad.
Download or read book Civil Militia written by David J. Francis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume critically engages with the phenomenon of civil militias in Africa, especially the nature of threats and challenges they pose to national and human security. It questions why the African political scene is increasingly inundated with the activities of civil militias, examines the socio-political and economic conditions that trigger and/or encourage and sustain the operations of civil militias, and investigates the dominant motivations of African civil militias. In the face of this complex security emergency, the volume conceptualizes and theorizes the phenomenon of civil militias; focuses the academic debate and policy on the links between civil militias and the growing cycle of state failure, instability, collapse and fragmentation in Africa; broadly and critically explores and expounds the short-term security consequences of the operations of civil militias; and articulates a corpus of policy-relevant knowledge. The book is ideally suited to courses on African studies, security and peace studies and military studies but would also be of interest to practitioners.
Download or read book Paramilitarism written by Uğur Ümit Üngör and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the deserts of Sudan to the jungles of Colombia, and from the streets of Belfast to the mountains of Kurdistan, paramilitaries have appeared in violent conflicts in very different settings. Paramilitaries are generally depicted as irregular armed organizations that carry out acts of violence against civilians on behalf of a state. In doing so, they undermine the state's monopoly of legitimate violence, while at the same time creating a breeding ground for criminal activities. Why do governments with functioning police forces and armies use paramilitary groups? This study tackles this question through the prism of the interpenetration of paramilitaries and the state. The author interprets paramilitarism as the ability of the state to successfully outsource mass political violence against civilians that transforms and traumatizes societies. It analyses how paramilitarism can be understood in global context, and how paramilitarism is connected to transformations of warfare and state-society relations. By comparing a broad range of cases, it looks at how paramilitarism has made a profound impact in a large number of countries that were different, but nevertheless shared a history of pro-government militia activity. A thorough understanding of paramilitarism can clarify the direction and intensity of violence in wartime and peacetime. The volume examines the issues of international involvement, institutional support, organized crime, party politics, and personal ties.
Download or read book Proxy Warriors written by Ariel Ira Ahram and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2011-01-26 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book explains why some Third World states have centralized, conventional military forces while others rely on militias, paramilitaries, and other non-state actors using detailed case studies of Indonesia, Iraq, and Iran and offers policy recommendations for dealing with weak states based on this analysis.
