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Middle And Late Holocene Hunter Gatherer Adaptations To Coastal Ecosystems Along The Southern San Simeon Reef California
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Book Synopsis Middle and Late Holocene Hunter-gatherer Adaptations to Coastal Ecosystems Along the Southern San Simeon Reef, California by : Terry L. Joslin
Download or read book Middle and Late Holocene Hunter-gatherer Adaptations to Coastal Ecosystems Along the Southern San Simeon Reef, California written by Terry L. Joslin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 982 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although subsistence intensification occurred over time, population density remained low and dispersed across the region. Based on shellfish assemblages, intertidal communities remained relatively stable, with only red abalone showing a decrease in size over time. A dietary focus on black turban snails, and the low frequency and small size of California mussel shells may be attributed to ecology rather than resource intensification.
Book Synopsis Exploring Methods of Faunal Analysis by : Michael Glassow
Download or read book Exploring Methods of Faunal Analysis written by Michael Glassow and published by Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the practice of archaeology benefit from faunal analysis? Michael Glassow and Terry Joslin's Exploring Methods of Faunal Analysis: Insights from California Archaeology addresses this question. Contributors to this volume demonstrate how faunal remains can be used to elucidate subsistence, settlement, technological systems, economic exchange, social organization, adaptation to variability in resource distribution and abundance, and the impacts of historic land use. The sheer prevalence of faunal remains in California archaeological sites means that most archaeologists working in the state inevitably must give these resources their close attention-and yet methodological challenges remain. The chapters in this thoughtfully edited volume tackle these challenges, providing strategies for identifying and mitigating sample bias and recommending quantitative techniques borrowed from a variety of disciplines. The volume also presents examples that illustrate the use of faunal data to test hypotheses derived from microeconomic theory, the applicability of bone and shell chemistry to faunal analysis, and the relevance of faunal data to addressing issues in biology.
Book Synopsis Late Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations Along the San Simeon Reef, San Luis Obispo County, California by : Terry L. Joslin
Download or read book Late Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations Along the San Simeon Reef, San Luis Obispo County, California written by Terry L. Joslin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Radiocarbon Chronology of Hunter-Gatherer Occupation from Bodega Bay, California, USA. by :
Download or read book A Radiocarbon Chronology of Hunter-Gatherer Occupation from Bodega Bay, California, USA. written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evolution of hunter-gatherer maritime adaptations in western North America has been a prominent topic of discussion among archaeologists in recent years (e.g. Arnold 1992; Erlandson and Colten 1991; Erlandson and Glassow 1997; Lightfoot 1993). Although vast coastal regions of the northeastern Pacific (for example, southern California) have been investigated in detail, our understanding of hunter-gatherer developments along the coast of northern California is limited. Previous research indicates that humans have exploited marine mammals, fish and shellfish along the northern California shoreline since the early Holocene (Schwaderer 1992). By the end of the late Holocene, some groups remained year-round on the coast subsisting primarily on marine resources (e.g. Gould 1975; Hildebrandt and Levulett 2002). However, a paucity of well-dated cultural deposits has hindered our understanding of these developments, particularly during the early and middle Holocene. The lack of a long and reliable chronological sequence has restricted our interpretations of behavioral change, including the adaptive strategies (such as foraging, mobility and settlement) used by human foragers to colonize and inhabit the coastal areas of this region. These shortcomings have also hindered comparative interpretations with other coastal and inland regions in western North America. Here we present a Holocene radiocarbon chronology of hunter-gatherer occupation based on contemporaneous samples of charcoal and Mytilus californianus (California sea mussel) shell recovered from seven archaeological sites near Bodega Bay, California. A series of 127 14C ages reveal a chronological sequence that spans from ca. 8940-110 cal BP (1[sigma]) (7890-160 14C yr BP = charcoal; 8934-101 14C yr BP = shell). As part of this sequence, we report new 14C dates from the stratified cave and open-air midden deposits at Duncan's Landing (CA-SON-348/H). In addition, we present 14C ages from three middle Holocene sites located in the Bodega Dunes, and from three late Holocene sites, including Kili (CASON-299), the oldest known village site in the region. Bodega Bay (38 degrees 19 minutes N, 123 degrees 03 minutes W) is situated about 90 km north of San Francisco Bay, California (Figure 1). The Pacific, in conjunction with prominent geomorphological features, has given rise to a series of coastal habitats (e.g. semi-protected and protected shorelines) around Bodega Bay that are rather unique for the unprotected, surf swept rocky shores of northern California. This stretch of coastline also lies within a zone of particularly strong seasonal upwelling between Point Reyes Peninsula and Cape Mendocino; a region characterized by high Ekman transport (Huyer 1983), and high coastal concentrations of the nutrients silica and phosphate (van Geen and Husby 1996). The interaction between land and sea results in a productive marine ecosystem that has attracted hunter-gatherers for much of the Holocene.
Book Synopsis Living on the edge - interdisciplinary perspectives on coastal and marine ecosystems in human prehistory by : Manuel Will
Download or read book Living on the edge - interdisciplinary perspectives on coastal and marine ecosystems in human prehistory written by Manuel Will and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-07 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Late Holocene Hunter-gatherers and Volcanism in the Long Valley-Mono Basin Region by : Matthew C. Hall
Download or read book Late Holocene Hunter-gatherers and Volcanism in the Long Valley-Mono Basin Region written by Matthew C. Hall and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hunter-gatherer Adaptive Strategies and Lacustrine Environments in the Buena Vista Lake Basin, Kern County, California by : Leslie Louise Hartzell
Download or read book Hunter-gatherer Adaptive Strategies and Lacustrine Environments in the Buena Vista Lake Basin, Kern County, California written by Leslie Louise Hartzell and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Late Prehistoric Territorial Expansion and Maintenance in the South-central Sierra Nevada, California by : Christopher Thomas Morgan
Download or read book Late Prehistoric Territorial Expansion and Maintenance in the South-central Sierra Nevada, California written by Christopher Thomas Morgan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While logistically organized and sedentary hunter-gatherers have been characterized as more efficient resource exploiters with adaptive advantages over simpler, mobile foragers, the mobile Western Mono successfully migrated to the western slope of the south-central Sierra Nevada, California, outcompeting and displacing more sedentary groups some 600 years ago. They did so during a shift from benign, warm, and dry to marginal, cold, and wet environmental conditions. Assuming that settlement and subsistence behaviors are adaptive mechanisms that confer advantages (and disadvantages) to groups competing to occupy territory, this research focuses on reconstructing Western Mono settlement, transport, and storage behaviors in light of patchy montane resource distributions resulting from late Holocene climate change. This theoretical approach directs analysis towards reconstructing competitive hunter-gatherer subsistence behaviors during a period where when resources were particularly patchy with regard to time, space, and elevation. Such behaviors were those that best averaged temporal and spatial variability in resource availability. For the Mono, these behaviors were seasonal residential mobility and acorn transport and caching. Residential mobility effectively averaged resource base variability by bringing consumers to resources during peak environmental productivity. Transport of acorn to winter hamlets and high elevations was important to this strategy, bringing resources to consumers in winter and reducing uncertainty when entering resource-poor environments in summer. Dispersed and expedient acorn caching offset the temporal variability of resource availability. Acorn caches are distributed in efficient and risk-reducing logistical foraging radii that effectively provisioned lowland winter settlements. Caches not only sustained winter populations, but also facilitated spring and summer moves by providing reliable food stores near highland spring and summer camps. Combined, Mono transport, mobility, and storage effectively averaged pronounced spatial and temporal variance in the environment's production of key resources during the late Holocene neoglacial, behaviors ultimately leading to their successful migration and territorial maintenance. These findings ultimately imply that when hunter-gatherers compete; to occupy territory, behaviors thought of as simple, such as residential mobility and expedient technology, can confer competitive advantages to their practitioners and that the success or failure of competing behaviors is intrinsically linked to the ecological contexts in which they occur."--Abstract
Book Synopsis Beyond Foraging and Collecting by : Ben Fitzhugh
Download or read book Beyond Foraging and Collecting written by Ben Fitzhugh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes new research on the theoretical implications regarding the mechanisms of change in the geographical distribution of hunter-gatherer settlement and land use. It focuses on the long-term changes in the hunter-gatherer settlement on a global scale, including research from several continents. It will be of interest to archaeologists and cultural anthropologists working in the field of the forager/ collector model throughout the world.
Book Synopsis The Island Chumash by : Douglas J. Kennett
Download or read book The Island Chumash written by Douglas J. Kennett and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Kennett explores trends in demography, dietary expansion, economic intensification, and increasing sociopolitical sophistication evident in the archaeological record. By combining empirical findings based on new archaeological and paleoclimatic work and a thorough synthesis of earlier studies, Kennett argues that the social and political complexity evident among the island Chumash historically was ultimately a product of individual responses to demographic expansion, human impact on marine habitats, and periods of rapid climatic change."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations by : Barbara L. Stark
Download or read book Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations written by Barbara L. Stark and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations: The Economy and Ecology of Maritime Middle America is a compendium of research papers and treatises on Middle American people who lived within coastal habitats. The collection aims to reveal distinctive coastal adaptations and the role of Middle American people in major social transformations. The book discusses topics on the history of occupations of certain coastal sites; correlation of site location to resource procurement patterns; settlement locations and subsistence evidence in the coastal and inland habitats of Costa Rica; and the maritime adaptation and the rise of Maya civilization. The final chapter of the book also discusses the future research directions in the study of Middle American coastal people. The text will be of value to archeologists, anthropologists, historians, ethnologists, and researchers.
Book Synopsis Behavioral Adaptations and Mobility of Early Holocene Hunter-gatherers, Santa Cruz Island, California by : Amy Elizabeth Gusick
Download or read book Behavioral Adaptations and Mobility of Early Holocene Hunter-gatherers, Santa Cruz Island, California written by Amy Elizabeth Gusick and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interpretations of these analyses argue that subsistence and settlement decisions were based on locally available resources and the Early Holocene hunter-gatherers on Santa Cruz Island utilized a residentially mobile settlement strategy. The more complex, logistically organized settlement systems of later time periods probably had not yet developed by the end of the Early Holocene on Santa Cruz Island.
Book Synopsis Resource Depression and Intensification During the Late Holocene, San Francisco Bay by : Jack M. Broughton
Download or read book Resource Depression and Intensification During the Late Holocene, San Francisco Bay written by Jack M. Broughton and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Emeryville Shellmound, on the east shore of San Francisco Bay, was excavated and subsequently destroyed in the early twentieth century. From its stratified deposits, which span the period 2600 to 700 years ago, the author identified 2,004 fish and 15,893 mammal specimens, and analyzed these and 2,302 avian remains previously identified by Hildegarde Howard in the 1920s. A battery of independent tests derived from foraging theory supports the conclusion that human-induced impacts on vertebrate populations caused declines in the efficiency of foraging across the time that the Emeryville locality was occupied.
Book Synopsis Hunter-gatherer Adaptations and Environmental Change in the Southern Great Basin: The Evidence from Pahute and Rainier Mesas by :
Download or read book Hunter-gatherer Adaptations and Environmental Change in the Southern Great Basin: The Evidence from Pahute and Rainier Mesas written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews the evidence for fluctuations in past environments in the southern Great Basin and examines how these changes may have affected the strategies followed by past hunter and gatherers in their utilization of the resources available on a highland in this region. The evidence used to reconstruct past environments for the region include botanical remains from packrat middens, pollen spectra from lake and spring deposits, faunal remains recovered from archaeological and geologic contexts, tree-ring indices from trees located in sensitive (tree-line) environments, and eolian, alluvial and fluvial sediments deposited in a variety of contexts. Interpretations of past hunter and gatherer adaptive strategies are based on a sample of 1,311 archaeological sites recorded during preconstruction surveys on Pahute and Rainier mesas in advance of the US Department of Energy's nuclear weapons testing program. Projectile point chronologies and available tree-ring, radiocarbon, thermoluminescence and obsidian hydration dates were used to assign these archaeological sites to specific periods of use.
Book Synopsis A Paleodietary Approach to Late Prehistoric Hunter-gatherer Settlement-subsistence Change in Northern Owens Valley, Eastern California by : Wendy J. Nelson
Download or read book A Paleodietary Approach to Late Prehistoric Hunter-gatherer Settlement-subsistence Change in Northern Owens Valley, Eastern California written by Wendy J. Nelson and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Contextualizing Late Holocene Subsistence Change on California’s Northern Channel Islands by :
Download or read book Contextualizing Late Holocene Subsistence Change on California’s Northern Channel Islands written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex relationship between sociopolitical complexity, natural climatic change, and subsistence strategies on California’s Northern Channel Islands (NCI) has long been a topic of archaeological inquiry. One period of particular interest to NCI researchers is the Middle-to-Late Transition Period (MLT, 800-650 cal BP), during which Chumash hierarchical sociopolitical organization is thought to have solidified. Multiple models of sociopolitical change have been proposed, all of which acknowledge the relationship between rising populations, shifting dietary patterns, climatic events, and sociopolitical structure. Due to data gaps and the history of archaeological research on the Channel Islands, however, these models rely on dietary data from MLT and Late Period (650 cal BP to AD 1542) archaeological sites on Santa Cruz Island, but lack critical data from the Middle Period to contextualize subsistence shifts. Through my thesis research, I present and interpret dietary data from two well-dated Middle Period sites on Santa Cruz Island through a historical ecological framework to place dietary shifts in spatial and temporal context and to aid in a deeper understanding of Chumash lifeways during a very dynamic time on the NCI.
Book Synopsis Late Holocene Paleoclimatic Stress and Prehistoric Human Occupation on San Clemente Island by : Andrew Yatsko
Download or read book Late Holocene Paleoclimatic Stress and Prehistoric Human Occupation on San Clemente Island written by Andrew Yatsko and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
