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Microbiomes
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Download or read book Microbiomes written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines an important paradigm shift in biology: Plants and animals, traditionally viewed as individuals, are now considered to be complex systems and host to a plethora of microorganisms. After first presenting historical aspects of microbiota research, bacterial compositions of individual microbiomes and the critical analysis of current methods, the book discusses how microbial communities inside the human body are profoundly affected by numerous factors, such as macro- and micro-nutrients, physical exercise, antibiotics, gender and age. As described by current research, the author highlights how microbiomes contribute to the fitness of the host by providing nutrients, inhibiting pathogens, aiding in the storage of fat during pregnancy, and contributing to development and behavior. The author not only focusses on prokaryotic components in microbiomes, but also addresses single-cell eukaryotes and viruses. This follow-up to the successful book The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota, published in 2013, provides a contemporary overview of microbiomes. It appeals to anyone working in the life sciences and biomedicine.
Book Synopsis The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health by : Food Forum
Download or read book The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health written by Food Forum and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Food Forum convened a public workshop on February 22-23, 2012, to explore current and emerging knowledge of the human microbiome, its role in human health, its interaction with the diet, and the translation of new research findings into tools and products that improve the nutritional quality of the food supply. The Human Microbiome, Diet, and Health: Workshop Summary summarizes the presentations and discussions that took place during the workshop. Over the two day workshop, several themes covered included: The microbiome is integral to human physiology, health, and disease. The microbiome is arguably the most intimate connection that humans have with their external environment, mostly through diet. Given the emerging nature of research on the microbiome, some important methodology issues might still have to be resolved with respect to undersampling and a lack of causal and mechanistic studies. Dietary interventions intended to have an impact on host biology via their impact on the microbiome are being developed, and the market for these products is seeing tremendous success. However, the current regulatory framework poses challenges to industry interest and investment.
Book Synopsis The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota by : Eugene Rosenberg
Download or read book The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota written by Eugene Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-31 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundbreaking research over the last 10 years has given rise to the hologenome concept of evolution. This concept posits that the holobiont (host plus all of its associated microorganisms) and its hologenome (sum of the genetic information of the host and its symbiotic microorganisms), acting in concert, function as a unique biological entity and therefore as a level of selection in evolution. All animals and plants harbor abundant and diverse microbiota, including viruses. Often the amount of symbiotic microorganisms and their combined genetic information far exceed that of their host. The microbiota with its microbiome, together with the host genome, can be transmitted from one generation to the next and thus propagate the unique properties of the holobiont. The microbial symbionts and the host interact in a cooperative way that affects the health of the holobiont within its environment. Beneficial microbiota protects against pathogens, provides essential nutrients, catabolizes complex polysaccharides, renders harmful chemicals inert, and contributes to the performance of the immune system. In humans and animals, the microbiota also plays a role in behavior. The sum of these cooperative interactions characterizes the holobiont as a unique biological entity. Genetic variation in the hologenome can be brought about by changes in either the host genome or the microbial population genomes (microbiome). Evolution by cooperation can occur by amplifying existing microbes, gaining novel microbiota and by acquiring microbial and viral genes. Under environmental stress, the microbiome can change more rapidly and in response to more processes than the host organism alone and thus influences the evolution of the holobiont. Prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and phage therapy are discussed as applied aspects of the hologenome concept.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309458390 Total Pages :133 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Microbiomes by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book The Chemistry of Microbiomes written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-07-19 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st century has witnessed a complete revolution in the understanding and description of bacteria in eco- systems and microbial assemblages, and how they are regulated by complex interactions among microbes, hosts, and environments. The human organism is no longer considered a monolithic assembly of tissues, but is instead a true ecosystem composed of human cells, bacteria, fungi, algae, and viruses. As such, humans are not unlike other complex ecosystems containing microbial assemblages observed in the marine and earth environments. They all share a basic functional principle: Chemical communication is the universal language that allows such groups to properly function together. These chemical networks regulate interactions like metabolic exchange, antibiosis and symbiosis, and communication. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Chemical Sciences Roundtable organized a series of four seminars in the autumn of 2016 to explore the current advances, opportunities, and challenges toward unveiling this "chemical dark matter" and its role in the regulation and function of different ecosystems. The first three focused on specific ecosystemsâ€"earth, marine, and humanâ€"and the last on all microbiome systems. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the seminars.
Download or read book Follow Your Gut written by Rob Knight and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2015-04-07 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allergies, asthma, obesity, acne: these are just a few of the conditions that may be caused—and someday cured—by the microscopic life inside us. The key is to understand how this groundbreaking science influences your health, mood, and more. In just the last few years, scientists have shown how the microscopic life within our bodies— particularly within our intestines—has an astonishing impact on our lives. Your health, mood, sleep patterns, eating preferences—even your likelihood of getting bitten by mosquitoes—can be traced in part to the tiny creatures that live on and inside of us. In Follow Your Gut, pioneering scientist Rob Knight pairs with award-winning science journalist Brendan Buhler to explain—with good humor and easy-to-grasp examples—why these new findings matter to everyone. They lead a detailed tour of the previously unseen world inside our bodies, calling out the diseases and conditions believed to be most directly impacted by them. With a practical eye toward deeper knowledge and better decisions, they also explore the known effects of antibiotics, probiotics, diet choice and even birth method on our children’s lifelong health. Ultimately, this pioneering book explains how to learn about your own microbiome and take steps toward understanding and improving your health, using the latest research as a guide.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309449839 Total Pages :318 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Microbiomes of the Built Environment by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Microbiomes of the Built Environment written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-10-06 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People's desire to understand the environments in which they live is a natural one. People spend most of their time in spaces and structures designed, built, and managed by humans, and it is estimated that people in developed countries now spend 90 percent of their lives indoors. As people move from homes to workplaces, traveling in cars and on transit systems, microorganisms are continually with and around them. The human-associated microbes that are shed, along with the human behaviors that affect their transport and removal, make significant contributions to the diversity of the indoor microbiome. The characteristics of "healthy" indoor environments cannot yet be defined, nor do microbial, clinical, and building researchers yet understand how to modify features of indoor environmentsâ€"such as building ventilation systems and the chemistry of building materialsâ€"in ways that would have predictable impacts on microbial communities to promote health and prevent disease. The factors that affect the environments within buildings, the ways in which building characteristics influence the composition and function of indoor microbial communities, and the ways in which these microbial communities relate to human health and well-being are extraordinarily complex and can be explored only as a dynamic, interconnected ecosystem by engaging the fields of microbial biology and ecology, chemistry, building science, and human physiology. This report reviews what is known about the intersection of these disciplines, and how new tools may facilitate advances in understanding the ecosystem of built environments, indoor microbiomes, and effects on human health and well-being. It offers a research agenda to generate the information needed so that stakeholders with an interest in understanding the impacts of built environments will be able to make more informed decisions.
Book Synopsis Gut Microbiome-Related Diseases and Therapies by : Maria Gazouli
Download or read book Gut Microbiome-Related Diseases and Therapies written by Maria Gazouli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-24 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews recent knowledge of the role of gut microbiome in health and disease. It covers extensive topics for several diseases, including metabolic-related diseases, allergies, gastrointestinal diseases, psychiatric diseases, and cancer, while also discussing therapeutic approaches by microbiota modification. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Gut Microbiome-Related Diseases and Therapies deepens a reader’s theoretical expertise in gut microbiome. Graduate and postdoctoral students, medical doctors, and biomedical researchers will benefit from this book.
Book Synopsis Cave Microbiomes: A Novel Resource for Drug Discovery by : Naowarat Cheeptham
Download or read book Cave Microbiomes: A Novel Resource for Drug Discovery written by Naowarat Cheeptham and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-06 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details recent findings in the field of cave microbiology and builds on fast-paced efforts to exploit an unconventional and underexplored environment for new microorganisms which may provide an untapped source of drugs: microorganisms from caves.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309468698 Total Pages :123 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.
Book Synopsis Microbiomes and Plant Health by : Manoj Kumar Solanki
Download or read book Microbiomes and Plant Health written by Manoj Kumar Solanki and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-28 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbiomes and Plant Health: Panoply and Their Applications includes the most recent advances in phytobiome research. The book emphasizes the use of modern molecular tools such as smart delivery systems for microbiol inoculation, next-generation sequencing, and genome mapping. Chapters discuss a variety of applications and examples, including the sugarcane microbiome, rhizoengineering, nutrient recycling, sustainable agricultural practices and bio-potential of herbal medicinal plants. Written by a range of experts with real-world practical insights, this title is sure to be an essential read for plant and soil microbiologists, phytopathologists, agronomists, and researchers interested in sustainable forestry and agriculture practices. Offers readers a one-stop resource on the topic of plant and soil microbiome and their applications in plant disease, sustainable agriculture, soil health and medicinal plants Addresses the role of phytobiome to combat biotic and abiotic factors Emphasizes the use of modern molecular tools such as smart delivery systems for microbial inoculation, next-generation sequencing and genome mapping
Book Synopsis The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease by : Dirk Haller
Download or read book The Gut Microbiome in Health and Disease written by Dirk Haller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides an overview on how the gut microbiome contributes to human health. The readers will get profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems. The tools of choice to study the ecology of these highly-specialized microorganism communities such as high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic mining will be presented. In addition the most common diseases associated to the composition of the gut flora are discussed in detail. The book will address researchers, clinicians and advanced students working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology.
Book Synopsis The Human Microbiome by : Rebecca E. Hirsch
Download or read book The Human Microbiome written by Rebecca E. Hirsch and published by Twenty-First Century Books. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trillions and trillions of microbial cells live on and inside your body. A small number of these microbes are unhealthy germs. But most belong on your body and perform essential jobs. Microbes help digest your food, protect you from dangerous germs, and help your body fight disease. Using techniques such as DNA sequencing, scientists are uncovering the many secrets of the human microbiome. Scientists are learning how the foods we eat and the medicines we take, such as microbe-killing antibiotics, can affect the bugs in our bodies. They are learning more and more about this system that keeps us healthy and how we can protect it in return.
Book Synopsis Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals by : Zhiyong Li
Download or read book Symbiotic Microbiomes of Coral Reefs Sponges and Corals written by Zhiyong Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the symbiotic microbiomes of invertebrates in coral reefs, especially sponges and corals. It provides in-depth and up-to-date reviews on the microbial structure and diversity, metabolism and function, symbiosis and coevolution, environment and adaption, and bioactive potentials. Meanwhile, the future perspectives will be discussed according to the existing problems and the development trend. This book will be of particular interest to the professionals in marine ecology, marine biotechnology, as well as medicinal chemists and molecular biologists.
Book Synopsis Circadian Rhythms in Bacteria and Microbiomes by : Carl Hirschie Johnson
Download or read book Circadian Rhythms in Bacteria and Microbiomes written by Carl Hirschie Johnson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-21 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses multiple aspects of biological clocks in prokaryotes. The first part of the book deals with the circadian clock system in cyanobacteria, i.e. the pioneer of bacterial clocks. Starting with the history and background of cyanobacteria and circadian rhythms in microorganisms, the topics range from the molecular basis, structure and evolution of the circadian clock to modelling approaches, Kai systems in cyanobacteria and biotechnological applications. In the second part, emergent timekeeping properties of bacteria in microbiomes and bacteria other than cyanobacteria are discussed. Since the discovery of circadian rhythms in cyanobacteria in the late 1980s, the field has exploded with new information. The cyanobacterial model system for studying circadian rhythms (Synechococcus elongatus), has allowed a detailed genetic dissection of the bacterial clock due to state-of-the-art methods in molecular, structural, and evolutionary biology. Cutting-edge research spanning from cyanobacteria and circadian phenomena in other kinds of bacteria, to microbiomes has now given the field another major boost. This book is aimed at junior and senior researchers alike. Students or researchers new to the field of biological clocks in prokaryotes will get a comprehensive overview, while more experienced researchers will get an update on the latest developments.
Book Synopsis Microbiomes and the Global Climate Change by : Showkat Ahmad Lone
Download or read book Microbiomes and the Global Climate Change written by Showkat Ahmad Lone and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-02 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the contemporary environmental issues faced by life on the planet and the role planetary microbiomes play in such issues. Providing insights on the net favorable and adverse effect of microbial processes, this volume covers both the spontaneous and anthropocentric events that impact climate change and life on the planet. The book describes the ecological significance of microbiomes associated with the kingdoms Plantae and Animalia with respect to climate change, natural and anthropogenic causes of climate change, microbial interactions in nature, planetary microbiomes and food security, climate change in relation to disease epidemiology and human health and engineering microorganisms to mitigate the consequences of climate change. The individual chapters in the intended book provide both theoretical and practical exposure to the current issues and future challenges of climate change in relation to the microbiomes. This collection should serve as ready reference to the researchers working in the area to reshape their future research in addressing the challenges of global climate change.
Book Synopsis The Plant Microbiome by : Lilia C. Carvalhais
Download or read book The Plant Microbiome written by Lilia C. Carvalhais and published by Humana. This book was released on 2021-11-22 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides methods, protocols, and reviews that are useful for new and experienced plant microbiome researchers. Chapters guide readers through the investigation of microbiomes associated with seeds, sampling microbiomes from plant compartments and tissues, culture-based methods, culture-independent metabarcoding methods, methods to obtain DNA and perform metabarcoding, protocols to block PCR amplification from the plant host, qPCR-based methods, editing of specific genes in Bacillus genomes, and Streptomycetes and plant microbial indicators. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, The Plant Microbiome: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Book Synopsis Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and other Strategic Applications by : Joel Faintuch
Download or read book Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and other Strategic Applications written by Joel Faintuch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and Other Strategic Applications is the first book to simultaneously cover the microbiome and the metabolome in relevant clinical conditions. In a pioneering fashion, it addresses not only the classic intestinal environment, but also the oral, gastric, lung, skin and vaginal microbiome that is in line with the latest investigations. Nonbacterial microbiomes, such as fungi and viruses are not overlooked, and the plasma microbiome is also discussed. As plasma, brain, placenta, tumor cells, and other sterile fluids and tissues, are increasingly recognized to potentially host a microbiome, albeit a limited one, this is a timely resource. The book's editors were fortunate to have the input of renowned collaborators from nearly all continents. This is truly an international effort that brings the latest in the field to students and professionals alike. Provides comprehensive coverage on diagnosis, therapy, pharmacotherapy and disease prevention in context of the microbiome and metabolome Focuses on the proposed physiological or pathological conditions Presents an up-to-date, useful reference
