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Mechanism And Application Of Anaerobic Oxidation Of Methane Coupled To Various Electron Acceptors Reduction
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Book Synopsis Mechanism and Application of Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to Various Electron Acceptors Reduction by : 白亚南
Download or read book Mechanism and Application of Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to Various Electron Acceptors Reduction written by 白亚南 and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to the Reduction of Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptors in Bioreactors by : Chiara Cassarini
Download or read book Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to the Reduction of Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptors in Bioreactors written by Chiara Cassarini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research investigated new approaches to control anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction (AOM-SR) and enrich anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) with the purpose of designing a suitable bioreactor for AOM-SR at ambient pressure and temperature. The current knowledge about AOM and the microorganisms involved in AOM are discussed. The effect of different substrates and pressures was investigated on the ANME and SRB community adapted to the shallow marine Lake Grevelingen, the Netherlands. Further, microorganisms from the Alpha Mound (Spain) deep sediment were enriched with methane gas as substrate in biotrickling filters (BTF) at ambient conditions for 147-230 days of operation. The effect of alternative sulfur compounds (sulfate, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur) were studied and the microbial community was characterized. The highest AOM and sulfate reduction rates were obtained in the BTF fed with thiosulfate as the electron acceptor (~0.4 mmol l-1 day-1), but the highest number of ANME was visualized in the sulfate fed BTF (ANME-2 43% of the total visualized archaea). A BTF was proposed as a suitable bioreactor for the enrichment of ANME and SRB at ambient pressure and temperature which could be potentially used for future biotechnological applications.
Book Synopsis Ocean Margin Systems by : Gerold Wefer
Download or read book Ocean Margin Systems written by Gerold Wefer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean margins are the transitional zones between the oceans and continents. They represent dynamic systems in which numerous processes shape the environment and result in impacting the utilization and hazard potentials for humans. These processes are influenced by a variety of steering mechanisms, from mountain building and climate on the land to tectonics and sea-level fluctuations in ocean margins. This book examines various aspects of regulation for the long-term development of ocean margins, of the impact of fluids and of the dynamics of benthic life at and below the seafloor in ocean margin systems.
Book Synopsis Prokaryotic Metabolism and Physiology by : Byung Hong Kim
Download or read book Prokaryotic Metabolism and Physiology written by Byung Hong Kim and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive and up-to-date review of key metabolic processes in bacteria and archaea and how metabolism is regulated under various conditions.
Book Synopsis Geochemical Requirements of the Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in the Eel River Basin by : Emily J. Beal
Download or read book Geochemical Requirements of the Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane in the Eel River Basin written by Emily J. Beal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a widely studied process, many of the geochemical requirements for it remain a mystery, in part because the responsible organisms are not in pure culture. It has been shown that freshwater AOM proceeds with nitrite and nitrate. However, before this study the only known electron acceptor in marine AOM was sulfate. The work of this study helps to illuminate some of the requirements of marine AOM in the Eel River Basin (ERB), CA, focusing on the methane source and electron acceptors which allow for this globally significant process to proceed. In Chapter 2, I use a finite difference thermal history model to indicate areas within the ERB that are capable of thermogenic methane production. Using the model results, I propose a correlation between areas with high rates of hydrocarbon production, methane seep location, and thus the areas within the ERB where high rates of AOM occur. The results of this study not only provide a potential link between geophysics/tectonics and microbiology, but also provide target areas within the ERB that could be used for microbiologic studies. Chapters 3 and 4 are incubation studies, targeted at understanding the role of electron acceptors, using sediment from methane seeps in the ERB. Methane oxidation is monitored by measuring the incorporation of 13C, from 13CH4, into the carbon dioxide in the headspace. In Chapter 3, I examine how the rate of AOM changes at varying sulfate concentrations, with a focus on concentrations lower than 1 mM. Although it is often stated that methane oxidation occurs in a 1:1 ratio with sulfate reduction, I find that at these low sulfate concentrations, methane oxidation and sulfate reduction are uncoupled, with methane oxidation rates sometimes an order of magnitude higher than sulfate reduction rates. Our experimentally determined rates of AOM are then put into an early Earth atmospheric photochemical model where it is shown that AOM causes a faster rise of oxygen and faster re-rise of methane than models that do not contain AOM. In Chapter 4, I test whether electron acceptors other than sulfate can be used in marine AOM. My results show the first direct evidence that both manganese (in the form of birnessite) and iron (in the form of ferrihydrite) can be used in marine AOM. Although the rates of manganese- and iron-dependent AOM are slower than sulfate-dependent AOM, these processes have the potential to gain more energy from methane oxidation. In addition, manganese- and iron-dependent AOM have the potential to be significant processes on early Earth when sulfate levels were extremely low. Chapter 5 continues the study of manganese- and iron-dependent AOM using phylogenetics and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In addition we incubated the experiments demonstrating manganese-dependent AOM with 15NH4Cl, during which active cells incorporate the 15N, and measured target aggregates from the incubation using FISH coupled to secondary ion mass spectrometry (FISH-SIMS) to determine the active cells in our incubation. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we find that both manganese- and iron-dependent AOM appear to be performed by distinct microbial assemblages and/or mechanism as compared to sulfate dependent AOM. SIMS analysis of aggregates in the manganese incubation indicate that mixed and mixed-cluster aggregates (of archaea and bacteria) and archaea of sarcina morphology are active and thus are likely responsible for manganese-dependent AOM.
Book Synopsis Mitochondria and Anaerobic Energy Metabolism in Eukaryotes by : William F. Martin
Download or read book Mitochondria and Anaerobic Energy Metabolism in Eukaryotes written by William F. Martin and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mitochondria are sometimes called the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells, because mitochondria are the site of ATP synthesis in the cell. ATP is the universal energy currency, it provides the power that runs all other life processes. Humans need oxygen to survive because of ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The sugars from our diet are converted to carbon dioxide in mitochondria in a process that requires oxygen. Just like a fire needs oxygen to burn, our mitochondria need oxygen to make ATP. From textbooks and popular literature one can easily get the impression that all mitochondria require oxygen. But that is not the case. There are many groups of organismsm known that make ATP in mitochondria without the help of oxygen. They have preserved biochemical relicts from the early evolution of eukaryotic cells, which took place during times in Earth history when there was hardly any oxygen avaiable, certainly not enough to breathe. How the anaerobic forms of mitochondria work, in which organisms they occur, and how the eukaryotic anaerobes that possess them fit into the larger picture of rising atmospheric oxygen during Earth history are the topic of this book.
Book Synopsis Processes in Microbial Ecology by : David L. Kirchman
Download or read book Processes in Microbial Ecology written by David L. Kirchman and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial ecology is the study of interactions among microbes in natural environments and their roles in biogeochemical cycles, food web dynamics, and the evolution of life. Microbes are the most numerous organisms in the biosphere and mediate many critical reactions in elemental cycles and biogeochemical reactions. Because microbes are essential players in the carbon cycle and related processes, microbial ecology is a vital science for understanding the role of the biosphere in global warming and the response of natural ecosystems to climate change. This novel textbook discusses the major processes carried out by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and other protists - the microbes - in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems. It focuses on biogeochemical processes, starting with primary production and the initial fixation of carbon into cellular biomass, before exploring how that carbon is degraded in both oxygen-rich (oxic) and oxygen-deficient (anoxic) environments. These biogeochemical processes are affected by ecological interactions, including competition for limiting nutrients, viral lysis, and predation by various protists in soils and aquatic habitats. The book neatly connects processes occurring at the micron scale to events happening at the global scale, including the carbon cycle and its connection to climate change issues. A final chapter is devoted to symbiosis and other relationships between microbes and larger organisms. Microbes have huge impacts not only on biogeochemical cycles, but also on the ecology and evolution of more complex forms of life, including Homo sapiens..
Download or read book Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methanogenesis written by James G. Ferry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the general recognition of the Archaebacteria, research into the evolution, metabolism, molecular biology and ecological roles of these fastidious anaerobes has proceeded at an ever-increasing pace. All possess a very novel biochemistry and many exploit unique ecological niches. Methanogens, which convert one-and-two carbon compounds into the important atmospheric gas methane, are the largest group among the Archaebacteria. Of all microbial groups, methanogens provide perhaps the best opportunity to study evolution because of their phyologenetic diversity and unique biochemistry. Today, the analysis of methanogens is at a threshold. Molecular-biological studies of these microorganisms are revealing more and more processes unique to this group, and in turn, studies of methanogens are providing new perspectives to the broader fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. This volume is the first book to be published on methanogenesis, and it will provide the reader with a comprehensive view of the field and point to future trends.
Book Synopsis The Prokaryotes by : Edward F. DeLong
Download or read book The Prokaryotes written by Edward F. DeLong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Prokaryotes is a comprehensive, multi-authored, peer reviewed reference work on Bacteria and Achaea. This fourth edition of The Prokaryotes is organized to cover all taxonomic diversity, using the family level to delineate chapters. Different from other resources, this new Springer product includes not only taxonomy, but also prokaryotic biology and technology of taxa in a broad context. Technological aspects highlight the usefulness of prokaryotes in processes and products, including biocontrol agents and as genetics tools. The content of the expanded fourth edition is divided into two parts: Part 1 contains review chapters dealing with the most important general concepts in molecular, applied and general prokaryote biology; Part 2 describes the known properties of specific taxonomic groups. Two completely new sections have been added to Part 1: bacterial communities and human bacteriology. The bacterial communities section reflects the growing realization that studies on pure cultures of bacteria have led to an incomplete picture of the microbial world for two fundamental reasons: the vast majority of bacteria in soil, water and associated with biological tissues are currently not culturable, and that an understanding of microbial ecology requires knowledge on how different bacterial species interact with each other in their natural environment. The new section on human microbiology deals with bacteria associated with healthy humans and bacterial pathogenesis. Each of the major human diseases caused by bacteria is reviewed, from identifying the pathogens by classical clinical and non-culturing techniques to the biochemical mechanisms of the disease process. The 4th edition of The Prokaryotes is the most complete resource on the biology of prokaryotes. The following volumes are published consecutively within the 4th Edition: Prokaryotic Biology and Symbiotic Associations Prokaryotic Communities and Ecophysiology Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry Applied Bacteriology and Biotechnology Human Microbiology Actinobacteria Firmicutes Alphaproteobacteria and Betaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria Other Major Lineages of Bacteria and the Archaea
Book Synopsis Biogenesis of Hydrocarbons by : Alfons J. M. Stams
Download or read book Biogenesis of Hydrocarbons written by Alfons J. M. Stams and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers the microbiological, environmental and biotechnological aspects of alkane production. Alkanes are important energy-rich compounds on earth. Microbial synthesis of methane and other alkanes is an essential part of the geochemical cycling of carbon and offers perspectives for our biobased economy. This book discusses different aspects of current knowledge of microbial alkane production. Chapters with state of the art information are written by renowned scientists in the field. The chapters are organised into four themed parts:1. Biochemistry of Biogenesis - Hydrocarbons2. Taxonomy, Ecophysiology and Genomics of Biogenesis - Hydrocarbons3. Biogenic Communities: Members, Functional Roles4. Global Consequences of Methane Production
Book Synopsis Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulphate reduction and denitrification mediated by ANME-2a/SRB by : A. Janas
Download or read book Anaerobic oxidation of methane coupled to sulphate reduction and denitrification mediated by ANME-2a/SRB written by A. Janas and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Environmental Biotechnology by : Bruce E. Rittmann
Download or read book Environmental Biotechnology written by Bruce E. Rittmann and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Waste Gas Treatment for Resource Recovery by : Piet Lens
Download or read book Waste Gas Treatment for Resource Recovery written by Piet Lens and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2006-07-31 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevention of over-exploitation and the efficient use of natural resources are key goals of environmental managment in Industry. Waste Gas Treatment for Resource Recovery presents the reader with technical, ecological and economical aspects of gaseous effluent treatment and resource recovery. Practical experience from industry and agriculture is presented, the role of newly developed advanced technology in future recycling of gas streams discussed and attention given to criteria for sustainability in gas treatment. Detailed analysis of material flows, novel process applications and bioreactor designs, odour quantification and removal process techniques and European legislations for waste gas discharge and recovery are highlights of the extensive and comprehensive coverage of this book. Waste Gas Treatment for Resource Recovery will enable production, process and environmental engineers and managers to evaluate internal recycling possibilities, which contribute to an economically and environmentally friendly manufacturing processes with reduced pollution loads and waste gas volumes. Analysis of material flows, e.g. the development of methodologies and techniques to monitor the use and flow of materials on a life cycle basis Novel process applications and bioreactor designs for resource recovery from waste gases Odour quantification techniques and novel odour removal processes European dimension of polluted gas streams and the European legislation for waste gas discharges and recovery
Book Synopsis Lecture Notes on the Major Soils of the World by : P. M. Driessen
Download or read book Lecture Notes on the Major Soils of the World written by P. M. Driessen and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2001 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These lecture notes describe the major soils of the world and their properties, genetic formation, regional distribution, their management and associated land use. The World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is used throughout the text, as the basis for a universal classification system for soil correlation. The aim of the publication is to make the WRB accessible to young scientists. It is intended to facilitate the study of soils and the exchange of soil information, and provides a common language for soil science.
Download or read book Redox written by J. Schüring and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few processes are as important for environmental geochemistry as the interplay between the oxidation and reduction of dissolved and solid species. The knowledge of the redox conditions is most important to predict the geochemical behaviour of a great number of components, the mobilities of which are directly or indirectly controlled by redox processes. The understanding of the chemical mechanisms responsible for the establishment of measurable potentials is the major key for the evaluation and sensitive interpretation of data. This book is suitable for advanced undergraduates as well as for all scientists dealing with the measurement and interpretation of redox conditions in the natural environment.
Book Synopsis Advances in Microbial Ecology by : Bernhard Schink
Download or read book Advances in Microbial Ecology written by Bernhard Schink and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-06-30 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 16 of Advances in Microbial Ecology has a difficult history. Nearly halfway through its completion, Gwynfryn Jones had to resign as managing edi tor for health reasons, and he asked me to take over. I want to thank Gwyn for his dedicated work in this publication series, and wish him all the best for the future. After the change in editorship, some authors had to be encouraged on rather short notice to provide their chapters in order to make appearance of this volume possible within a reasonable period of time. Nonetheless, I think that the articles we present with this volume represent an enjoyable collection of up-to-date con tributions to microbial ecology. In my own understanding, microbial ecology com prises the elucidation of microbial activities in natural or semi natural environ ments, including physiology, biochemistry, population dynamics, and interactions with all the biotic and abiotic environmental conditions microbes encounter. This comprises studies on single organisms in defined cultures in an ecological per spective, the analysis of microbial activities in complex environments, as well as the development of concepts for the interactions of microorganisms with the world in which they live. Last but not least, microbial ecology is not an exotic science studied exclusively in remote places untouched by human beings.
