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Measurement Of Activity Coefficients At Infinite Dilution For Aqueous Solutions
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Book Synopsis CRC Handbook of Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Data of Aqueous Polymer Solutions by : Christian Wohlfarth
Download or read book CRC Handbook of Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Data of Aqueous Polymer Solutions written by Christian Wohlfarth and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-08-10 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large amount of experimental data has been published since the debut of the original CRC Handbook of Thermodynamic Data of Aqueous Polymer Solutions. Incorporating new and updated material, the CRC Handbook of Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamic Data of Aqueous Polymer Solutions provides a comprehensive collection of thermodynamic data of polymer solutions. It helps readers quickly retrieve necessary information from the literature, and assists researchers in planning new measurements where data are missing. A valuable resource for the modern chemistry field, the Handbook clearly details how measurements were conducted and methodically explains the nomenclature. It presents data essential for the production and use of polymers as well as for understanding the physical behavior and intermolecular interactions in polymer solutions.
Book Synopsis A Textbook of Physical Chemistry – Volume 1 by : Mandeep Dalal
Download or read book A Textbook of Physical Chemistry – Volume 1 written by Mandeep Dalal and published by Dalal Institute. This book was released on 2018-01-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced-level textbook of physical chemistry for the graduate (B.Sc) and postgraduate (M.Sc) students of Indian and foreign universities. This book is a part of four volume series, entitled "A Textbook of Physical Chemistry – Volume I, II, III, IV". CONTENTS: Chapter 1. Quantum Mechanics – I: Postulates of quantum mechanics; Derivation of Schrodinger wave equation; Max-Born interpretation of wave functions; The Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle; Quantum mechanical operators and their commutation relations; Hermitian operators (elementary ideas, quantum mechanical operator for linear momentum, angular momentum and energy as Hermition operator); The average value of the square of Hermitian operators; Commuting operators and uncertainty principle(x & p; E & t); Schrodinger wave equation for a particle in one dimensional box; Evaluation of average position, average momentum and determination of uncertainty in position and momentum and hence Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle; Pictorial representation of the wave equation of a particle in one dimensional box and its influence on the kinetic energy of the particle in each successive quantum level; Lowest energy of the particle. Chapter 2. Thermodynamics – I: Brief resume of first and second Law of thermodynamics; Entropy changes in reversible and irreversible processes; Variation of entropy with temperature, pressure and volume; Entropy concept as a measure of unavailable energy and criteria for the spontaneity of reaction; Free energy, enthalpy functions and their significance, criteria for spontaneity of a process; Partial molar quantities (free energy, volume, heat concept); Gibb’s-Duhem equation. Chapter 3. Chemical Dynamics – I: Effect of temperature on reaction rates; Rate law for opposing reactions of Ist order and IInd order; Rate law for consecutive & parallel reactions of Ist order reactions; Collision theory of reaction rates and its limitations; Steric factor; Activated complex theory; Ionic reactions: single and double sphere models; Influence of solvent and ionic strength; The comparison of collision and activated complex theory. Chapter 4. Electrochemistry – I: Ion-Ion Interactions: The Debye-Huckel theory of ion- ion interactions; Potential and excess charge density as a function of distance from the central ion; Debye Huckel reciprocal length; Ionic cloud and its contribution to the total potential; Debye - Huckel limiting law of activity coefficients and its limitations; Ion-size effect on potential; Ion-size parameter and the theoretical mean-activity coefficient in the case of ionic clouds with finite-sized ions; Debye - Huckel-Onsager treatment for aqueous solutions and its limitations; Debye-Huckel-Onsager theory for non-aqueous solutions; The solvent effect on the mobality at infinite dilution; Equivalent conductivity (Λ) vs. concentration c 1/2 as a function of the solvent; Effect of ion association upon conductivity (Debye- Huckel - Bjerrum equation). Chapter 5. Quantum Mechanics – II: Schrodinger wave equation for a particle in a three dimensional box; The concept of degeneracy among energy levels for a particle in three dimensional box; Schrodinger wave equation for a linear harmonic oscillator & its solution by polynomial method; Zero point energy of a particle possessing harmonic motion and its consequence; Schrodinger wave equation for three dimensional Rigid rotator; Energy of rigid rotator; Space quantization; Schrodinger wave equation for hydrogen atom, separation of variable in polar spherical coordinates and its solution; Principle, azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers and the magnitude of their values; Probability distribution function; Radial distribution function; Shape of atomic orbitals (s,p & d). Chapter 6. Thermodynamics – II: Classius-Clayperon equation; Law of mass action and its thermodynamic derivation; Third law of thermodynamics (Nernest heat theorem, determination of absolute entropy, unattainability of absolute zero) and its limitation; Phase diagram for two completely miscible components systems; Eutectic systems, Calculation of eutectic point; Systems forming solid compounds Ax By with congruent and incongruent melting points; Phase diagram and thermodynamic treatment of solid solutions. Chapter 7. Chemical Dynamics – II: Chain reactions: hydrogen-bromine reaction, pyrolysis of acetaldehyde, decomposition of ethane; Photochemical reactions (hydrogen - bromine & hydrogen -chlorine reactions); General treatment of chain reactions (ortho-para hydrogen conversion and hydrogen - bromine reactions); Apparent activation energy of chain reactions, Chain length; Rice-Herzfeld mechanism of organic molecules decomposition(acetaldehyde); Branching chain reactions and explosions ( H2-O2 reaction); Kinetics of (one intermediate) enzymatic reaction : Michaelis-Menton treatment; Evaluation of Michaelis 's constant for enzyme-substrate binding by Lineweaver-Burk plot and Eadie-Hofstae methods; Competitive and non-competitive inhibition. Chapter 8. Electrochemistry – II: Ion Transport in Solutions: Ionic movement under the influence of an electric field; Mobility of ions; Ionic drift velocity and its relation with current density; Einstein relation between the absolute mobility and diffusion coefficient; The Stokes- Einstein relation; The Nernst -Einstein equation; Walden’s rule; The Rate-process approach to ionic migration; The Rate process equation for equivalent conductivity; Total driving force for ionic transport, Nernst - Planck Flux equation; Ionic drift and diffusion potential; the Onsager phenomenological equations; The basic equation for the diffusion; Planck-Henderson equation for the diffusion potential.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics by : Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr.
Download or read book Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics written by Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-16 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expertise in electrolyte systems has become increasingly important in traditional CPI operations, as well as in oil/gas exploration and production. This book is the source for predicting electrolyte systems behavior, an indispensable "do-it-yourself" guide, with a blueprint for formulating predictive mathematical electrolyte models, recommended tabular values to use in these models, and annotated bibliographies. The final chapter is a general recipe for formulating complete predictive models for electrolytes, along with a series of worked illustrative examples. It can serve as a useful research and application tool for the practicing process engineer, and as a textbook for the chemical engineering student.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics by : Themis Matsoukas
Download or read book Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics written by Themis Matsoukas and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2013 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics is the clearest and most well-organized introduction to thermodynamics theory and calculations for all chemical engineering undergraduates. This brand-new text makes thermodynamics far easier to teach and learn. Drawing on his award-winning courses at Penn State, Dr. Themis Matsoukas organizes the text for more effective learning, focuses on "why" as well as "how," offers imagery that helps students conceptualize the equations, and illuminates thermodynamics with relevant examples from within and beyond the chemical engineering discipline. Matsoukas presents solved problems in every chapter, ranging from basic calculations to realistic safety and environmental applications.
Book Synopsis Chemical Equilibria and Kinetics in Soils by : Garrison Sposito
Download or read book Chemical Equilibria and Kinetics in Soils written by Garrison Sposito and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1994 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a unified, comprehensive account of the important chemical processes in soils that can be described by reactions. The perspective taken is that of chemical thermodynamics and kinetics applied to soil systems in detail in order to provide an understanding of phenomena ranging from complexation reactions to colloidal flocculation. Problem sets are included at the end of each chapter.
Book Synopsis Ionic Surfactants and Aqueous Solutions by : Juan H. Vera
Download or read book Ionic Surfactants and Aqueous Solutions written by Juan H. Vera and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-07-09 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic Surfactants and Aqueous Solutions: Biomolecules, Metals and Nanoparticles covers a wide range of subjects related to aqueous systems, from reverse micelles as ion exchangers to the study of micellar phase transfer catalysis for nucleophilic substitution reactions. The diverse background, expertise and professional interests of the contributors to this book give to it a unique richness of approach in topics of relevance for biotechnology and environmental studies. Over sixty publications presenting research results are combined and expanded in this book by some of the original researchers. At a mature age, and at the summit of successful professional careers, they have taken a second look to the state of the art in the fields that they had pioneered. Eva Rodil and Ana Soto, who had their research formation in the group of Professor Alberto Arce at Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain, are presently professors at that university, Maen Husein is a professor at University of Calgary, Canada. Remy Dumortier, Mohammad Khoshkbarchi, Hamid Rabie and Younok Dumortier Shin, are presently active leaders in the industrial world in Canada and the USA. The editors are retired academics from McGill University, Montreal, Canada, and coauthors of the book Classical Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems.
Book Synopsis U.S. Geological Survey Water-supply Paper by :
Download or read book U.S. Geological Survey Water-supply Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physical Chemistry of Electrolyte Solutions by : Josef Barthel
Download or read book Physical Chemistry of Electrolyte Solutions written by Josef Barthel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-04 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim and purpose of this book is a survey of our actual basic knowledge of electrolyte solutions. It is meant for chemical engineers looking for an introduction to this field of increasing interest for various technologies, and for scientists wishing to have access to the broad field of modern electrolyte chemistry.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions by : Margaret Robson Wright
Download or read book An Introduction to Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions written by Margaret Robson Wright and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-06-05 with total page 603 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Aqueous Electrolyte Solutions is a comprehensive coverage of the subject including the development of key concepts and theory that focus on the physical rather than the mathematical aspects. Important links are made between the study of electrolyte solutions and other branches of chemistry, biology, and biochemistry, making it a useful cross-reference tool for students studying this important area of electrochemistry. Carefully developed throughout, each chapter includes intended learning outcomes and worked problems and examples to encourage student understanding of this multidisciplinary subject. * a comprehensive introduction to aqueous electrolyte solutions including the development of key concepts and theories * emphasises the connection between observable macroscopic experimental properties and interpretations made at the molecular level * key developments in concepts and theory explained in a descriptive manner to encourage student understanding * includes worked problems and examples throughout An invaluable text for students taking courses in chemistry and chemical engineering, this book will also be useful for biology, biochemistry and biophysics students required to study electrochemistry.
Book Synopsis Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions by : Kenneth S. Pitzer
Download or read book Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions written by Kenneth S. Pitzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 1991. It considers the concepts and theories relating to mostly aqueous systems of activity coefficients.
Book Synopsis Classical Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems by : Juan H. Vera
Download or read book Classical Thermodynamics of Fluid Systems written by Juan H. Vera and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text explores the connections between different thermodynamic subjects related to fluid systems. Emphasis is placed on the clarification of concepts by returning to the conceptual foundation of thermodynamics and special effort is directed to the use of a simple nomenclature and algebra. The book presents the structural elements of classical thermodynamics of fluid systems, covers the treatment of mixtures, and shows via examples and references both the usefulness and the limitations of classical thermodynamics for the treatment of practical problems related to fluid systems. It also includes diverse selected topics of interest to researchers and advanced students and four practical appendices, including an introduction to material balances and step-by-step procedures for using the Virial EOS and the PRSV EOS for fugacities and the ASOG-KT group method for activity coefficients. The Olivera-Fuentes table of PRSV parameters for more than 800 chemical compounds and the Gmehling-Tochigi tables of ASOG interaction parameters for 43 groups are included.
Book Synopsis Geological Survey Water-supply Paper by :
Download or read book Geological Survey Water-supply Paper written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Thermodynamics Of Electrolyte Solutions (Second Edition) by : Lloyd L Lee
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics Of Electrolyte Solutions (Second Edition) written by Lloyd L Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-01-07 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrolytes and salt solutions are ubiquitous in chemical industry, biology and nature. This unique compendium introduces the elements of the solution properties of ionic mixtures. In addition, it also serves as a bridge to the modern researches into the molecular aspects of uniform and non-uniform charged systems. Notable subjects include the Debye-Hückel limit, Pitzer's formulation, Setchenov salting-out, and McMillan-Mayer scale. Two new chapters on industrial applications — natural gas treating, and absorption refrigeration, are added to make the book current and relevant.This textbook is eminently suitable for undergraduate and graduate students. For practicing engineers without a background in salt solutions, this introductory volume can also be used as a self-study.
Book Synopsis Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics by : Marc J. Assael
Download or read book Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics written by Marc J. Assael and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-08-05 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CRC Press is pleased to introduce the new edition of Commonly Asked Questions in Thermodynamics, an indispensable resource for those in modern science and engineering disciplines from molecular science, engineering and biotechnology to astrophysics. Fully updated throughout, this edition features two new chapters focused on energy utilization and biological systems. This edition begins by setting out the fundamentals of thermodynamics, including its basic laws and overarching principles. It provides explanations of those principles in an organized manner, using questions that arise frequently from undergraduates in the classroom as the stimulus. These early chapters explore the language of thermodynamics; the first and second laws; statistical mechanical theory; measurement of thermodynamic quantities and their relationships; phase behavior in single and multicomponent systems; electrochemistry; and chemical and biochemical reaction equilibria. The later chapters explore applications of these fundamentals to a diverse set of subjects including power generation (with and without fossil fuels) for transport, industrial and domestic use; heating; decarbonization technologies; energy storage; refrigeration; environmental pollution; and biotechnology. Data sources for the properties needed to complete thermodynamic evaluations of many processes are included. The text is designed for readers to dip into to find an answer to a specific question where thermodynamics can provide some, if not all, of the answers, whether in the context of an undergraduate course or not. Thus its readership extends beyond conventional technical undergraduates to practicing engineers and also to the interested lay person who seeks to understand the discourse that surrounds the choice of particular technological solutions to current and future energy and material production problems.
Book Synopsis The Physical Chemistry of Aqueous Systems by : Robert Kay
Download or read book The Physical Chemistry of Aqueous Systems written by Robert Kay and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conformation and Hydration of Sugars and Related Compounds in Dilute Aqueous Solution.- Studies of Hydrophobic Bonding in Aqueous Alcohols: Enthalpy Measurements and Model Calculations.- Structure in Aqueous Solutions of Nonpolar Solutes from the Standpoint of Scaled-Particle Theory.- Raman Spectra from Partially Deuterated Water and Ice VI to 10.1 kbar at 28°C.- Solvation Equilibria in Very Concentrated Electrolyte Solutions.- Ionic Association in Hydrogen-Bonding Solvents.- The Role of Solvent Structure in Ligand Substitution and Solvent Exchange at Some Divalent Transition-Metal Cations.- N.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamics of Solutions by : Eli Ruckenstein
Download or read book Thermodynamics of Solutions written by Eli Ruckenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of a number of papers regarding the thermodynamics and structure of multicomponent systems that we have published during the last decade. Even though they involve different topics and different systems, they have something in common which can be considered as the “signature” of the present book. First, these papers are concerned with “difficult” or very nonideal systems, i. e. systems with very strong interactions (e. g. , hyd- gen bonding) between components or systems with large differences in the partial molar v- umes of the components (e. g. , the aqueous solutions of proteins), or systems that are far from “normal” conditions (e. g. , critical or near-critical mixtures). Second, the conventional th- modynamic methods are not sufficient for the accurate treatment of these mixtures. Last but not least, these systems are of interest for the pharmaceutical, biomedical, and related ind- tries. In order to meet the thermodynamic challenges involved in these complex mixtures, we employed a variety of traditional methods but also new methods, such as the fluctuation t- ory of Kirkwood and Buff and ab initio quantum mechanical techniques. The Kirkwood-Buff (KB) theory is a rigorous formalism which is free of any of the - proximations usually used in the thermodynamic treatment of multicomponent systems. This theory appears to be very fruitful when applied to the above mentioned “difficult” systems.
Book Synopsis Thermophysical Properties Of Fluids: An Introduction To Their Prediction by : Marc J Assael
Download or read book Thermophysical Properties Of Fluids: An Introduction To Their Prediction written by Marc J Assael and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1996-07-29 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is concerned with the prediction of thermodynamic and transport properties of gases and liquids. The prediction of such properties is essential for the solution of many problems encountered in chemical and process engineering as well as in other areas of science and technology. The book aims to present the best of those modern methods which are capable of practical application. It begins with basic scientific principles and formal results which are subsequently developed into practical methods of prediction. Numerous examples, supported by a suite of computer programmes, illustrate applications of the methods. The book is aimed primarily at the student market (for both undergraduate and taught postgraduate courses) but it will also be useful for those engaged in research and for chemical and process engineering professionals.
