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Marriage Market And Labor Market Sorting
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Book Synopsis Marriage Market and Labor Market Sorting by : Paula A. Calvo
Download or read book Marriage Market and Labor Market Sorting written by Paula A. Calvo and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We build a novel equilibrium model in which households' labor supply choices form the link between sorting on the marriage market and sorting on the labor market. We first show that in theory, the nature of home production - whether partners' hours are complements or substitutes - shapes marriage market sorting, labor market sorting and labor supply choices in equilibrium. We then estimate our model on German data to assess the nature of home production in the data, and find that spouses' home hours are complements. We investigate to what extent complementarity in home hours drives sorting and inequality. We find that the home production complementarity - by strengthening positive marriage sorting and reducing the gender gap in hours and labor sorting - puts significant downward pressure on the gender wage gap and within-household income inequality, but it fuels between-household inequality. Our estimated model sheds new light on the sources of inequality in today's Germany and - by identifying important shifts in home production technology towards more complementarity - on the evolution of inequality over time.
Book Synopsis Causal Effects of Early Career Sorting on Labor and Marriage Market Choices by : Itzik Fadlon
Download or read book Causal Effects of Early Career Sorting on Labor and Marriage Market Choices written by Itzik Fadlon and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study whether and how early labor market choices determine longer-run career versus family outcomes differentially for male and female professionals. We analyze the physician labor market by exploiting a randomized lottery that determines the sorting of Danish physicians into internships across local labor markets. Using administrative data spanning ten years after physicians' graduations, we find causal effects of early-career sorting on a range of life cycle outcomes that cascade from labor market choices, including human capital accumulation and occupational choice, to marriage market choices, including matching and fertility. The persistent effects are entirely concentrated among women, whereas men experience only temporary career disruptions. The evidence points to differential family-career tradeoffs and the mentorship employers provide as channels underlying this gender divergence. Our findings have implications for policies aimed at gender equality in outcomes, as they reveal how persistent gaps can arise even in institutionally gender-neutral settings with early-stage equality of opportunity.
Download or read book Incomes and Outcomes written by Jing Liu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis we study the interdependency of individual decisions on work and family, particularly the dynamic interaction of the marriage market and the labor market. My basic idea is that marital status affects individual labor supply decisions, and in turn, labor market condition influences marriage formation and dissolution. While these interactions are evident, the overwhelming majority of research on labor or family economics usually simplifies the individual decision-making by assuming that one of two markets outcomes is given while studying the other one. In the empirical study, endogeneity issues are troublesome, especially under the dynamic setting. My work takes a different approach. I directly model the individual decision-making, which describes how marriage market and labor market interact with each other; and matching with survey data we empirically recover the underlying economic environments that characterize the structure of the marriage market and the labor market. I further examine to what extent my model explains the observed facts. Very few studies have been conducted to explore work and family issues in this direction partly due to its complexity. The structural models, besides the conventional regression, improve our perceptions on how individuals form decisions on work and family, which have far-reaching implications on policy designs and welfare evaluations. In my thesis, I explore all these issues in three steps. In chapter 1, I explain a stylized fact that there exists a positive correlation between rising wage inequality and declining marriage rates. A two-sided matching model is developed to exploit a theoretical channel through which wage inequality affects marriage rates. My model features a steady state equilibrium in which the whole marriage market is divided into groups and only people in the same group will marry each other. Using the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) data from 1970 to 2000, my estimates indicate that a structural change occurs in the U.S. marriage market. The higher matching efficiency and declining elasticity of men suggest that the nowadays marriage market provides more chance to meet and better gender equity, though higher arrival rates also raise the outside options of getting married. Additionally, I find that wage inequality accounts for over 38% of the decline in marriage rate, which is underestimated in Gould (2003). Chapter 2 examines household dynamic labor supply after introducing bargaining between husbands and wives, which has not been thoroughly studied previously in literature. Here bargaining between husbands and wives determines the amount of husbands' earnings that are transferred to wives for their private consumption. A household search model that incorporates the intrahousehold bargaining is developed and estimated using panel data from the year 2001 Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). My results show that the portion of household income shared by husbands for private consumption is responsive to their employment status, suggesting the existence of the bargaining between the U.S. couples. My findings also imply that the labor supply of women will increase with higher women wage and lower money transfer from husbands to wives, showing that the income effect dominates for wives. Moreover, the wage frontier of husbands is positively correlated with wives' wages and negatively correlated with husbands' earnings transferred to wives, highlighting that husbands are subject to both the income effect and intra-household bargaining, and their decisions depend on which effect dominates. In the third and the last chapter, I study household unemployment duration. Previously, most studies have addressed the topic of job search at the individual level. This chapter studies job search patterns of married couples and in particular compares couple's unemployment duration given their spousal earnings. A household search model is introduced, which includes the bargaining between husbands and wives. I use the year 2001 panel data Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to estimate the structural model of family decisions. Our findings reveal that there exists a gender asymmetry in job search of the U.S. household: The more husbands earn, the longer wives search for a job; but the more wives earn, the sooner husbands find a job.
Book Synopsis Marriage Market Sorting in the U.S. by : Anton Cheremukhin
Download or read book Marriage Market Sorting in the U.S. written by Anton Cheremukhin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Marriage Market, Labor Supply and Education Choice by : Pierre-André Chiappori
Download or read book The Marriage Market, Labor Supply and Education Choice written by Pierre-André Chiappori and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop an equilibrium lifecycle model of education, marriage and labor supply and consumption in a transferable utility context. Individuals start by choosing their investments in education anticipating returns in the marriage market and the labor market. They then match based on the economic value of marriage and on preferences. Equilibrium in the marriage market determines intrahousehold allocation of resources. Following marriage households (married or single) save, supply labor and consume private and public under uncertainty. Marriage thus has the dual role of providing public goods and offering risk sharing. The model is estimated using the British HPS.
Book Synopsis The Marriage Motive: A Price Theory of Marriage by : Shoshana Grossbard
Download or read book The Marriage Motive: A Price Theory of Marriage written by Shoshana Grossbard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-25 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While this book contains numerous facts and empirical findings and touches on policy issues, its main contribution to the existing literature lies in the theoretical perspective it offers. The core of this book is a general equilibrium theory of labor and marriage presented in Chapter 2, which provides the conceptual framework for the rest of the chapters. Two major implications of the theory are sex ratio effects and compensating differentials in marriage. The book demonstrates how a few core concepts, linked via economic analysis, help explain a multitude of findings based on statistical analyses of data from a wide variety of cultures. It is hoped that readers of this book will improve their understanding of how marriage works to help us design better economic and social policies as well as help people live better and happier lives, making the book of interest to not only economists but sociologists and anthropologists as well.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy by : Susan L. Averett
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy written by Susan L. Averett and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of women's lives over the past century is among the most significant and far-reaching of social and economic phenomena, affecting not only women but also their partners, children, and indeed nearly every person on the planet. In developed and developing countries alike, women are acquiring more education, marrying later, having fewer children, and spending a far greater amount of their adult lives in the labor force. Yet, because women remain the primary caregivers of children, issues such as work-life balance and the glass ceiling have given rise to critical policy discussions in the developed world. In developing countries, many women lack access to reproductive technology and are often relegated to jobs in the informal sector, where pay is variable and job security is weak. Considerable occupational segregation and stubborn gender pay gaps persist around the world. The Oxford Handbook of Women and the Economy is the first comprehensive collection of scholarly essays to address these issues using the powerful framework of economics. Each chapter, written by an acknowledged expert or team of experts, reviews the key trends, surveys the relevant economic theory, and summarizes and critiques the empirical research literature. By providing a clear-eyed view of what we know, what we do not know, and what the critical unanswered questions are, this Handbook provides an invaluable and wide-ranging examination of the many changes that have occurred in women's economic lives.
Book Synopsis Does a Woman's Education Affect Her Husband's Earnings? by : Shoshana Neuman
Download or read book Does a Woman's Education Affect Her Husband's Earnings? written by Shoshana Neuman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1990 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Household survey data indicate that in Israel a woman's education increases her husband's earnings at higher occupational levels but not at lower ones.
Book Synopsis Identifying equilibrium models of labor market sorting by : Marcus Hagedorn
Download or read book Identifying equilibrium models of labor market sorting written by Marcus Hagedorn and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the market allocate the right workers to the right jobs? Since observable (to economists) variables account for only a small fraction of the wage variance in the data, to answer this question it is essential to study assortative matching between employers and employees based on their unobserved characteristics. This paper enables this line of research. We show theoretically that all parameters of the classic model of sorting based on absolute advantage in Becker (1973) with search frictions can be identified using only matched employer-employee data on wages and labor market transitions. In particular, these data are sufficient to assess whether matching between workers and firms is assortative, whether sorting is positive or negative, and to measure the potential effect on output from moving any given worker to any given employer in the economy. We provide computational algorithms that implement our identification strategy given the limitations of the available data sets. Finally, we extend our identification and implementation strategies to the commonly used class of models of sorting based on comparative advantage and provide a test that discriminates between these models.
Book Synopsis Labor Market Dynamics with Sorting by : Bastian Schulz
Download or read book Labor Market Dynamics with Sorting written by Bastian Schulz and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I propose a frictional search model of the labor market with worker and firm heterogeneity, sorting, and aggregate uncertainty. My main contribution is to show that labor market sorting, arising from a production complementarity between worker skills and firm productivities, can improve our understanding of the cyclical dynamics of the labor market. The model incorporates two new quantitatively important transmission channels. First, the model endogenously generates a wage rigidity of an empirically reasonable magnitude. Second, the firms form expectations about the endogenous distribution of unemployed worker types and the match surplus. The surplus function and distributions change with the aggregate state, which leads to the amplification of shocks. The model is calibrated to produce realistic degrees of wage dispersion and sorting. I propose a numerical procedure to keep track of the model's complex state space. Labor market sorting considerably propagates the model's response to shocks and brings it on par with empirical moments of labor market data, including vacancy dynamics.
Author :Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman Publisher :Cambridge University Press ISBN 13 :9780521891431 Total Pages :378 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (914 download)
Book Synopsis Marriage and the Economy by : Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman
Download or read book Marriage and the Economy written by Shoshana Grossbard-Shechtman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-04-28 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marriage and the Economy explores how marriage influences the monetized economy as well as the household economy. Marriage institutions are to the household economy what business institutions are to the monetized economy, and marital status is clearly related to the household economy. Marriage also influences the economy as conventionally measured via its impact on labor supply, workers' productivity, savings, consumption, and government programs such as welfare programs and social security. The macro-economic analyses presented here are based on the micro-economic foundations of cost/benefit analysis, game theory, and market analysis. Micro-economic analysis of marriage, divorce, and behavior within marriages are investigated by a number of specialists in various areas of economics. Western values and laws have been very successful at transforming the way the world does business, but its success at maintaining individual commitments to family values is less impressive. -- from publisher description.
Book Synopsis Sorting in the Labor Market by : Rafael Lopes de Melo
Download or read book Sorting in the Labor Market written by Rafael Lopes de Melo and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Marital Sorting and Inequality by : Frederik Almar
Download or read book Marital Sorting and Inequality written by Frederik Almar and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper revisits the link between education-based marriage market sorting and income inequality. Leveraging Danish administrative data, we develop a novel categorization of marriage market types based on the starting wages and wage growth trajectories associated with educational programs: ambition types. We find a substantial increase in sorting by educational ambition over time, which explains more than 40% of increasing inequality since 1980. In contrast, sorting trends are flat with the commonly used level of education. Hence, the mapping between education and marriage-market types matters crucially for conclusions about the role of marital sorting in rising income inequality.
Book Synopsis The Marriage Market, Labour Supply and Education Choice by : Pierre-Andre Chiappori
Download or read book The Marriage Market, Labour Supply and Education Choice written by Pierre-Andre Chiappori and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We develop an equilibrium lifecycle model of education, marriage and labor supply and consumption in a transferable utility context. Individuals start by choosing their investments in education anticipating returns in the marriage market and the labor market. They then match based on the economic value of marriage and on preferences. Equilibrium in the marriage market determines intrahousehold allocation of resources. Following marriage households (married or single) save, supply labor and consume private and public commodities under uncertainty. Marriage thus has the dual role of providing public goods and offering risk sharing. The model is estimated using the British HPS.
Book Synopsis On The Economics Of Marriage by : Shoshana Grossbard-schectman
Download or read book On The Economics Of Marriage written by Shoshana Grossbard-schectman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marriage is an institution that plays a central role in most societies. As it affects decisions regarding labor supply, consumption, reproduction, and other important decisions, marriage receives considerable attention in academic circles. Much research has been done about marriage, principally by sociologists, psychologists, and anthropologists.
Book Synopsis The General Economic Theory by : Wei-Bin Zhang
Download or read book The General Economic Theory written by Wei-Bin Zhang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops a general economic theory that integrates various economic theories and ideas and establishes important relationships between economic variables that are not formally recognized in the economic literature. The author demonstrates how the basic model is integrated with neoclassical growth theory, Walrasian general equilibrium theory, and Ricardian distribution theory, and how these theories can be incorporated through a single set of equations with a microeconomic basis. The book offers new insights into income and wealth distribution between heterogeneous households, racial and national differences in growth and development, interdependence between different stock variables with portfolio choices among different markets. It will appeal to scholars of economists interested in an integrative theoretical approach to this discipline.
Book Synopsis Matching in Marriage Market and Labor Market by : So Yoon Ahn
Download or read book Matching in Marriage Market and Labor Market written by So Yoon Ahn and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of information are the largest among entry-level workers with higher levels of education, who generally face the highest unemployment rates in the region. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that changes over time in demand for skills in the job market may lead to inaccurate expectations that hinder labor market matching. Improving the efficiency of online job search may be particularly welfare-enhancing in the Middle East and North Africa region given that the young, highly-educated subpopulation that faces the greatest labor market hurdles also has the highest level of internet connectedness.
