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Maritime Customs
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Book Synopsis Catalogue of the Chinese imperial maritime Customs Collection, at the united States international Exhibition Philadelphia, 1876 by :
Download or read book Catalogue of the Chinese imperial maritime Customs Collection, at the united States international Exhibition Philadelphia, 1876 written by and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Breaking with the Past by : Hans van de Ven
Download or read book Breaking with the Past written by Hans van de Ven and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-11 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between its founding in 1854 and its collapse in 1952, the Chinese Maritime Customs Service delivered one-third to one-half of all revenue collected by China's central authorities. Much more than a tax collector, the institution managed China's harbors, erected lighthouses, and surveyed the Chinese coast. It funded and oversaw the Translator's College, which trained Chinese diplomats while its staff translated Chinese classics, novels, and poetry and wrote important studies on the Chinese economy, its financial system, its trade, its history, and its government. It organized contributions to international exhibitions, developed its own shadow diplomacy, pioneered China's modern postal system, and even maintained its own armed force. After the 1911 Revolution, the agency became deeply involved in the management of China's international loans and domestic bond issues. In other words, the Customs Service was pivotal to China's post-Taiping integration into the world of modern nation-states and twentieth-century trade and finance. If the Customs Service introduced the modern governance of trade to China, it also made Chinese legible to foreign audiences. Following the activities of the Inspectors General, who were virtual autocrats within the service and communicated regularly with senior Chinese officials and foreign diplomats, this history tracks the Customs Service as it transformed China and its relationship to the world. The Customs Service often kept China together when little else did. This book reveals the role of the agency in influencing the outcomes of the Sino-French War, the Boxer Rebellion, and the 1911 Revolution, as well as the rise of the Nationalists in the 1920s, and concludes with the Customs Service purges of the early 1950s, when the relentless logic of revolution dismantled the agency for good.
Book Synopsis The Chinese Maritime Customs by : Basil Edward Foster Hall
Download or read book The Chinese Maritime Customs written by Basil Edward Foster Hall and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China by : Donna Brunero
Download or read book Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China written by Donna Brunero and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, focussing especially on its later years and in particular on the experiences of the foreign administration.
Book Synopsis Government, Imperialism and Nationalism in China by : Chihyun Chang
Download or read book Government, Imperialism and Nationalism in China written by Chihyun Chang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinese Maritime Customs Service, which was led by British staff, is often seen as one of the key agents of Western imperialism in China, the customs revenue being one of the major sources of Chinese government income but a source much of which was pledged to Western banks as the collateral for, and interests payments on, massive loans. This book, however, based on extensive original research, considers the lower level staff of the Chinese Maritime Customs Service, and shows how the Chinese government, struggling to master Western expertise in many areas, pursued a deliberate policy of encouraging lower level staff to learn from their Western superiors with a view to eventually supplanting them, a policy which was successfully carried out. The book thereby demonstrates that Chinese engagement with Western imperialists was in fact an essential part of Chinese national state-building, and that what looked like a key branch of Chinese government delegated to foreigners was in fact very much under Chinese government control.
Book Synopsis The Chinese Maritime Customs by : B. Foster Hall
Download or read book The Chinese Maritime Customs written by B. Foster Hall and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Imperial Maritime Customs written by and published by . This book was released on 1881 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China by : Donna Brunero
Download or read book Britain's Imperial Cornerstone in China written by Donna Brunero and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-03-02 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an in-depth account of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Service, a uniquely cosmopolitan institution established in the wake of China's defeat in the Opium Wars (1842 to 43), and a central feature of the Treaty Port system. The British-dominated service was headed by the famous Robert Hart who founded a far-reaching customs administration that also encompassed other responsibilities such as marine and harbour maintenance, quarantine, anti-piracy patrols and postal services. This institution sat at a crucial juncture between Chinese and foreign interests, and was intimately linked to British interests and fortunes in the Far East. Following the establishment of the Republic in 1911 there were grave misgivings as to whether the foreign element of the Service would survive. Yet the Service grew in influence and strength, ensuring the foreign inspectorate a continued role in China's affairs. Delivering an overview of the Service, its bureaucracy, fiscal responsibilities and life for foreigners in its employ, focusing especially on the later years of the Service, Donna Brunero draws on the experiences of the foreign administration of the Service as it attempted to negotiate between Chinese and foreign expectations and interests.
Download or read book Imperial Maritime Customs written by and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis China , Catalogue of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Collection at the United States International Exhibition. Philadelphia, 1876 by :
Download or read book China , Catalogue of the Chinese Imperial Maritime Customs Collection at the United States International Exhibition. Philadelphia, 1876 written by and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The I. G. in Peking by : Robert Hart
Download or read book The I. G. in Peking written by Robert Hart and published by Belknap Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Hart's forty-five-year administration of China's customs service was a unique achievement. In these letters Hart speaks to us directly from a time long past in China, but a time that may seem only yesterday to a Western reader. The result is a primary source for the history of modern China and the era of foreign privilege there. Bearing sole responsibility for the Chinese Maritime Customs as its Inspector General, Hart built up an international staff of thousands, facilitated foreign trade, gave the late-Ch'ing court its principal new revenues, and fostered China's modernity in administration, schools, naval development, postal service, and many other lines. Behind the scenes Hart was also a diplomat who settled the Sino-French war, changed Macao's status, got boundaries delimited with Burma and India, and mitigated the disasters of imperialism. His career at Peking, coinciding with that of the Empress Dowager Tz'u-hsi, represented the constructive side of the unequal treaty system and Victorian Britain's informal empire in East Asia. The publication of the great I. G.'s weekly or fortnightly letters to his confidant and London commissioner, James Duncan Campbell, gives us an intimate, inside view of Hart's problems and methods. He appraises his employers in China's foreign office, the Tsungli Yamen, and comments pithily on the complex flow of events and personalities. He quotes the Confucian Classic but, even more, the Latin poets. His personal life is revealed--standing long hours at his writing desk, finding solace in the violin, keeping his own counsel, constantly isolated by his responsibilities. Having no confidant in Peking, he explains himself to his loyal agent in London. The Hart-Campbell letters, after five years' editing and annotation and with an informed introduction by Hart's final successor as foreign I. G., L. K. Little, thus take their place as one of the great historical treasures that bring a vanished era back to life.
Download or read book Imperial Maritime Customs written by and published by . This book was released on 1885 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Imperial Maritime Customs written by and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis H.B. Morse, Customs Commissioner and Historian of China by : John King Fairbank
Download or read book H.B. Morse, Customs Commissioner and Historian of China written by John King Fairbank and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2021-12-14 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hosea Ballou Morse (1855-1934) sailed to China in 1874, and for the next thirty-five years he labored loyally in the Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs Service, becoming one of its most able commissioners and acquiring a deep knowledge of China's economy and foreign relations. After his retirement in 1909, Morse devoted himself to scholarship. He pioneered in the Western study of China's foreign relations, weaving from the tangled threads of the Ch'ing dynasty's foreign affairs several seminal interpretive histories, most notably his three-volume magnum opus, The International Relations of the Chinese Empire (1910-18). At the time of his death, Morse was considered the major historian of modern China in the English-speaking world, and his works played a profound role in shaping the contours of Western scholarship on China. Begun as a labor of love by his protégé, John King Fairbank, this lively biography based primarily on Morse's vast collection of personal papers sheds light on many crucial events in modern Chinese history, as well as on the multifaceted Western role in late imperial China, and provides new insights into the beginnings of modern China studies in this country. Half-finished when Fairbank died, the project was completed by his colleagues, Martha Henderson Coolidge and Richard J. Smith.
Download or read book Imperial Maritime Customs written by and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Maritime Customs by : China. Hai guan zong shui wu si shu
Download or read book Maritime Customs written by China. Hai guan zong shui wu si shu and published by . This book was released on 1888 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Archives of China's Imperial Maritime Customs by : Sir Robert Hart
Download or read book Archives of China's Imperial Maritime Customs written by Sir Robert Hart and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
