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Author : Thomas C. Woodruff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Macroeconomic Effects of Retirement Income Policy written by Thomas C. Woodruff and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309261961
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Aging and the Macroeconomy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is in the midst of a major demographic shift. In the coming decades, people aged 65 and over will make up an increasingly large percentage of the population: The ratio of people aged 65+ to people aged 20-64 will rise by 80%. This shift is happening for two reasons: people are living longer, and many couples are choosing to have fewer children and to have those children somewhat later in life. The resulting demographic shift will present the nation with economic challenges, both to absorb the costs and to leverage the benefits of an aging population. Aging and the Macroeconomy: Long-Term Implications of an Older Population presents the fundamental factors driving the aging of the U.S. population, as well as its societal implications and likely long-term macroeconomic effects in a global context. The report finds that, while population aging does not pose an insurmountable challenge to the nation, it is imperative that sensible policies are implemented soon to allow companies and households to respond. It offers four practical approaches for preparing resources to support the future consumption of households and for adapting to the new economic landscape.
Author : Hazel Bateman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521484718
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (847 download)
Download or read book Forced Saving written by Hazel Bateman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-11-20 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forced Saving, first published in 2001, offers an analysis of pension policy from an economic perspective. It begins with an overview of the problem of population ageing around the world, and then provides a framework within which policy responses may be consistently assessed. It focuses on the 'mandating' approach to retirement income policy, in which governments are compelling individuals - or their employers - to take on this responsibility, at least in part. The role of government becomes limited to one of mandating contributions from wages, along with regulating private fund managers to a greater or lesser extent. The authors explore the implications of introducing such a policy reform. They argue that while there is no universal agreement on the relative costs and benefits of this policy approach, there are often some advantages to moving at least some distance down the mandating path.
Author : Ms.Anita Tuladhar
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1455211788
Total Pages : 65 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (552 download)
Download or read book Macroeconomic Effects of Public Pension Reforms written by Ms.Anita Tuladhar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper explores the macroeconomic effects of three public pension reforms, namely an increase in retirement age, a reduction in benefits and an increase in contribution rates. Using a five-region version of the IMF‘s Global Integrated Monetary and Fiscal model (GIMF), we find that public pension reforms can have a positive effect on growth in both the short run, propelled by rising consumption, and in the long run, due to lower government debt crowding in higher investment. We also find that a reform action undertaken cooperatively by all regions results in larger output effects, reflecting stronger capital accumulation due to higher world savings. An increase in the retirement age reform yields the strongest impact in the short run, due to the demand effects of higher labor income and in the long run because of supply effects.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309175194
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Assessing Policies for Retirement Income written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-02-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The retirement income security of older Americans and the cost of providing that security are increasingly the subject of major debate. This volume assesses what we know and recommends what we need to know to estimate the short- and long-term effects of policy alternatives. It details gaps in data and research and evaluates possible models to estimate the impact of policy changes that could affect retirement income from Social Security, pensions, personal savings, and other sources.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030931710X
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers.
Author : United States. President's Commission on Pension Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Coming of Age written by United States. President's Commission on Pension Policy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hui He
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1498302890
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (983 download)
Download or read book The Impact of Rapid Aging and Pension Reform on Savings and the Labor Supply written by Hui He and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study, both empirically and quantitatively, the role of savings and the labor supply in self-insurance channels over the life cycle when one faces not only idiosyncratic income risks, but also changes in longevity risk and pension benefits. We pick China as a case study since China has undergone a dramatic process of rapid aging and a tremendous reduction in social security benefits for the period 1995-2009. We find that both savings and the labor supply are quantitatively important self-insurance channels in responding to changes in longevity risk and pension benefits, and the responses via adjustment to savings and labor supply have significant macroeconomic implications. Applying the model to China, we find that the pension reform and rapid aging together contribute 55 percent of the increase in the household saving rate from 1995 to 2009, and they jointly capture about 64 percent of the drastic increase in the labor supply for the same period.
Author : Henry J. Aaron
Publisher : Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Retirement and Economic Behavior written by Henry J. Aaron and published by Washington, D.C. : Brookings Institution. This book was released on 1984 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conference papers on economic implications and aspects of retirement in the USA - examines the effects of private pension schemes and maintenance of acquired rightss, the correlation between early retirement and health, social security, and unemployment, the labour force participation of retired workers, standard of living and housing of older people, effect of population dynamics on old age benefit policy, saving behaviour, and retirement income projections to 2020. References. Conference held in Washington 1982 Oct 21 and 22.
Author : Hazel Bateman
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781843769064
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (69 download)
Download or read book Retirement Provision in Scary Markets written by Hazel Bateman and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past few decades have witnessed a global move towards private provision for retirement through individual defined contribution pensions at the expense of publicly provided and employer-sponsored defined benefit pensions. As a consequence, workers and retirees are becoming increasingly exposed to uncertainties in financial, labour and economic markets. The contributors to this book analyse the implications for retirement income policy, workers and retirees in view of the current climate of heightened exposure to scary markets. The implications of a broad range of scary market scenarios are presented, and novel solutions prescribed. Retirement incomes across a number of countries including the US, the UK, Japan and Australia are explored, and uncertainties examined include: extreme stock price volatility; discontinuous labour market participation; and regulatory failure and macroeconomic instability. Concluding with the observation that regulatory reforms could be almost as scary as the underlying macroeconomic conditions, this book will prove a fascinating read for scholars, researchers, practitioners and policymakers with an interest in pensions and pension policy, financial economics and public sector economics.
Author : Salvador Valdés-Prieto
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521666121
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (661 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Pensions written by Salvador Valdés-Prieto and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1997, offers up-to-date research about publicly regulated pensions for old age.
Author : Ketil Hviding
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Macroeconomic Effects of Pension Reforms in the Context of Ageing Populations written by Ketil Hviding and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers trends since 1954 and provides projections to 2090.
Author : Christian E. Weller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Health Insurance Coverage in Retirement written by Christian E. Weller and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Committee on Population--Phase II
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780309317078
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)
Download or read book The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income written by Committee on Population--Phase II and published by . This book was released on 2015-09-17 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. population is aging. Social Security projections suggest that between 2013 and 2050, the population aged 65 and over will almost double, from 45 million to 86 million. One key driver of population aging is ongoing increases in life expectancy. Average U.S. life expectancy was 67 years for males and 73 years for females five decades ago; the averages are now 76 and 81, respectively. It has long been the case that better-educated, higher-income people enjoy longer life expectancies than less-educated, lower-income people. The causes include early life conditions, behavioral factors (such as nutrition, exercise, and smoking behaviors), stress, and access to health care services, all of which can vary across education and income. Our major entitlement programs - Medicare, Medicaid, Social Security, and Supplemental Security Income - have come to deliver disproportionately larger lifetime benefits to higher-income people because, on average, they are increasingly collecting those benefits over more years than others. This report studies the impact the growing gap in life expectancy has on the present value of lifetime benefits that people with higher or lower earnings will receive from major entitlement programs. The analysis presented in "The Growing Gap in Life Expectancy by Income" goes beyond an examination of the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive estimates of how lifetime benefits are affected by the changing distribution of life expectancy. The report also explores, from a lifetime benefit perspective, how the growing gap in longevity affects traditional policy analyses of reforms to the nation's leading entitlement programs. This in-depth analysis of the economic impacts of the longevity gap will inform debate and assist decision makers, economists, and researchers.
Author : David A. Wise
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022642670X
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Insights in the Economics of Aging written by David A. Wise and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fraction of the population over age sixty-five in many developed countries is projected to rise, in some cases sharply, in coming decades. This has drawn growing interest to research on the health and economic circumstances of individuals as they age. Many individuals are retiring from paid work, yet they are living longer than ever. Their well-being is shaped by their past decisions such as their saving behavior, as well as by current and future economic conditions, health status, medical innovations, and a rapidly evolving landscape of policy incentives and supports. The contributions to Insights in the Economics of Aging uncover how financial, physical, and emotional well-being are integrally related. The authors consider the interactions between financial circumstances in later life, such as household savings and home ownership, physical circumstances such as health and disability, and emotional well-being, including happiness and mental health.
Author : Matthew E. Kahn
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513514598
Total Pages : 59 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Long-Term Macroeconomic Effects of Climate Change: A Cross-Country Analysis written by Matthew E. Kahn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-10-11 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the long-term impact of climate change on economic activity across countries, using a stochastic growth model where labor productivity is affected by country-specific climate variables—defined as deviations of temperature and precipitation from their historical norms. Using a panel data set of 174 countries over the years 1960 to 2014, we find that per-capita real output growth is adversely affected by persistent changes in the temperature above or below its historical norm, but we do not obtain any statistically significant effects for changes in precipitation. Our counterfactual analysis suggests that a persistent increase in average global temperature by 0.04°C per year, in the absence of mitigation policies, reduces world real GDP per capita by more than 7 percent by 2100. On the other hand, abiding by the Paris Agreement, thereby limiting the temperature increase to 0.01°C per annum, reduces the loss substantially to about 1 percent. These effects vary significantly across countries depending on the pace of temperature increases and variability of climate conditions. We also provide supplementary evidence using data on a sample of 48 U.S. states between 1963 and 2016, and show that climate change has a long-lasting adverse impact on real output in various states and economic sectors, and on labor productivity and employment.
Author : Mr.Benedict J. Clements
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 147556631X
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book The Challenge of Public Pension Reform in Advanced and Emerging Economies written by Mr.Benedict J. Clements and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-01-25 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pension reform is high on the policy agenda of many advanced and emerging market economies. In advanced economies the challenge is generally to contain future increases in public pension spending as the population ages. In emerging market economies, the challenges are often different. Where pension coverage is extensive, the issues are similar to those in advanced economies. Where pension coverage is low, the key challenge will be to expand coverage in a fiscally sustainable manner. This volume examines the outlook for public pension spending over the coming decades and the options for reform in 52 advanced and emerging market economies.
