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Author : L. M. Bagaasen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Liquid/supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Stainless Steel Components written by L. M. Bagaasen and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Carbon Dioxide Cleaning of Plutonium Parts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide is under investigation in this work for use as a cleaning solvent for the final cleaning of plutonium parts. These parts must be free of organic residue to avoid corrosion in the stockpile. Initial studies on stainless steel and full-scale mock-up parts indicate that the oils of interest are easily and adequately cleaned from the metal surfaces with supercritical fluid carbon dioxide. Results from compatibility studies show that undesirable oxidation or other surface reactions are not occurring during exposure of plutonium to the supercritical fluid. Cleaning studies indicate that the oils of interest are removed from the plutonium surface under relatively mild conditions. These studies indicate that supercritical fluid carbon dioxide is a very promising cleaning medium for this application.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)
Download or read book Effects of Fluid Dynamics on Cleaning Efficacy of Supercritical Fluids written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) and Boeing Aerospace Company are developing a process to clean metal parts using a supercritical solvent. This work is part of an effort to address issues inhibiting the rapid commercialization of Supercritical Fluid Parts Cleaning (SFPC). PNL assembled a SFPC test stand to observe the relationship between the fluid dynamics of the system and the mass transfer of a contaminant from the surface of a contaminated metal coupon into the bulk fluid. The bench-scale test stand consists of a Berty'' autoclave modified for these tests and supporting hardware to achieve supercritical fluids parts cleaning. Three separate sets of tests were conducted using supercritical carbon dioxide. For the first two tests, a single stainless steel coupon was cleaned with organic solvents to remove surface residue, doped with a single contaminant, and then cleaned in the SFPC test stand. Contaminants studied were Dow Corning 200 fluid (dimethylpolysiloxane) and Castle/Sybron X-448 High-temperature Oil (a polybutane/mineral oil mixture). A set of 5-minute cleaning runs was conducted for each dopant at various autoclave impeller speeds. Test results from the first two sets of experiments indicate that precision cleaning for difficult-to-remove contaminants can be dramatically improved by introducing and increasing turbulence within the system. Metal coupons that had been previously doped with aircraft oil were used in a third set of tests. The coupons were placed in the SFPC test stand and subjected to different temperatures, pressures, and run times at a constant impeller speed. The cleanliness of each part was measured by Optically Stimulated Electron Emission. The third set of tests show that levels of cleanliness attained with supercritical carbon dioxide compare favorably with solvent and aqueous cleaning levels.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book Second Aerospace Environmental Technology Conference written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 10 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Fluid Dynamic Effects on Precision Cleaning with Supercritical Fluids written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific Northwest Laboratory staff have assembled a small supercritical fluids parts cleaning test stand to characterize how system dynamics affect the efficacy of precision cleaning with supercritical carbon dioxide. A soiled stainless steel coupon, loaded into a ''Berty'' autoclave, was used to investigate how changes in system turbulence and solvent temperature influenced the removal of test dopants. A pulsed laser beam through a fiber optic was used to investigate real-time contaminant removal. Test data show that cleaning efficiency is a function of system agitation, solvent density, and temperature. These data also show that high levels of cleaning efficiency can generally be achieved with high levels of system agitation at relatively low solvent densities and temperatures. Agitation levels, temperatures, and densities needed for optimal cleaning are largely contaminant dependent. Using proper system conditions, the levels of cleanliness achieved with supercritical carbon dioxide compare favorably with conventional precision cleaning methods. Additional research is currently being conducted to generalize the relationship between cleaning performance and parameters such as contaminant solubilities, mass transfer rates, and solvent agitation. These correlations can be used to optimize cleaning performance, system design, and time and energy consumption for particular parts cleaning applications.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-10 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cleaning Market Assessment and Commercialization written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the US Department of Energy's Industrial Waste Program (IWP), work is being conducted to research, develop, and commercialize supercritical fluid cleaning for its potential as a safer technology in a wide range of industrial cleaning operations. Commercialization, which has not proceeded as quickly as expected, is being aided by the Joint Association for the Advancement of Supercritical Technology (JAAST), a research consortium made up of industry, university, and National Laboratory partners. Under the IWP, JAAST is facilitating interaction and communication among those involved in the technology and addressing specific issues slowing its growth and acceptance. As part of the IWP/JAAST effort, Pacific Northwest Laboratory conducted a study to (1) identify and evaluate potential markets for supercritical fluids cleaning, (2) identify and address current perceptions that inhibit the acceptance of the technology into industrial cleaning operations, and (3) develop a plan that will lead to successful deployment and implementation in potential market areas. The approach to gathering the information needed for formulating the plan was to interview several individuals involved in developing, using, or commercializing the technology, specifically, supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2), the most commonly used fluid. Several potential markets were identified, including cleaning gyroscope and filling hardware; optical components; instrument bearings; computer disk drive components; medical devices; and fabrics, cloths, and rags. In cases where there are parts with intricate geometries, where water-based cleaning may corrode parts and materials, or where significant time and energy for drying is required, SCCO2 may be an especially attractive alternative. While pursuing these applications, certain barriers still need to be overcome.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)
Download or read book Elimination of Solvents and Waste by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Precision Cleaning written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physiochemical properties of supercritical carbon dioxide make it ideally suited for removing commonly encountered contaminants found in the precision cleaning of optical components, computer parts, and electronic assemblies. Data will be presented on a survey demonstrating the successful removal of cutting and machine oils, silicon oils, body oils and hydraulic fluids from a variety of surfaces with supercritical carbon dioxide to, at, or below precision cleaning standards (less than 10 micrograms of contaminant per square centimeter of surface). Replicate studies were performed in both a small bench-scale unit (10 milliliter cleaning vessel) and in a large-scale unit (60 liter, 14 inch diameter cleaning vessel) showing the ability to scale small experiments to commercial sizes. Applicability of this supercritical fluid cleaning technique to commercial operations was evaluated in the areas of contaminant removal efficiencies, surface interactions, operational costs, and environmental waste reduction/elimination.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Supercritical-fluid Carbon Dioxide (SCCO2) Cleaning of Nuclear Weapon Components written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SCCO2) has been evaluated as a cleaning solvent for the cleaning of plutonium (Pu) metal parts. The results of the evaluation show that SCCO2 is an effective alternative to halogenated solvents that are conventionally used for removing organic and inorganic contaminants from the surface of these parts. The cleaning process was demonstrated at the laboratory scale for steel and uranium substrates and has been found to be compatible with Pu. The efficacy of this cleaning method is found to be dependent on process conditions of pressure, temperature, fluid-flow rate, as well as cleaning time. Process parameters of P> 2,500 psi, T> 40 C, and moderate fluid flow rates, produced good cleaning results in less than 10 minutes using a simple flow-through process configuration. Within the parameter range studied, cleaning efficiency generally improved with increasing process pressure and flow rate. SCCO2 cleaning is suitable for a variety of component cleaning tasks and is adaptable to precision cleaning requirements. The SCCO2 cleaning process is currently being developed for deployment for weapons production at LANL.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 19 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Waste Reduction Using Carbon Dioxide written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Industrial Waste Program (IWP) has been sponsoring the research, development, and commercialization of supercritical fluid cleaning technology for replacement of traditional solvent cleaning processes. Los Alamos National Laboratory and Pacific Northwest Laboratory have been working through this collaborative effort to test the efficacy of carbon dioxide (CO2) cleaning. Tests were performed on a variety of substrates at various solvent conditions for a large number of common contaminants to characterize cleaning performance. Cleaning efficiencies with respect to system dynamics were also studied. Results of these tests show that supercritical and near-critical carbon dioxide is not only an effective solvent for precision cleaning applications of parts such as gyroscopes, bearing assemblies, and machine tools but is also feasible for bulk cleaning operations for a variety of industrial needs. It has been tested and shown to be effective for a range of substrates including laser optics components, computer disk drives, and cloth rags. Metals, including stainless steel, beryllium, gold, silver, copper and others; ceramics; and elastomeric seals such as Teflon, silicone, and epoxy potting compounds are highly compatible with SuperCritical CO2 (SCCO2). Many contaminants, including silicones, Krytox, hydrocarbons, esters, fluorocarbons, gyroscope damping and fill fluids, and machining oils and lubricating oils, will dissolve in SCCO2. In general, nonpolar, hydrophobic contaminants such as oils dissolve well, while hydrophilic contaminants such as inorganic salts do not. The parts and contaminants mentioned here are not the only applications for SCCO, cleaning, as the full range of possibilities is still being defined by developers and users of the technology. The many advantages of SCCO2 indicate that it is a technology that should carry industrial cleaning operations into the future.
Author :
Publisher : ASTM International
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Cleaning Stainless Steel written by and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1973 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Barbara Kanegsberg
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420039822
Total Pages : 687 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Handbook for Critical Cleaning written by Barbara Kanegsberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-12-26 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With all the cleaning approaches available, how do you choose which one is best for your needs? Components manufacturers wonder which will provide a competitive edge. Chemists and engineers worry about the effect of any process modification on a critical component or on the stability of an irreplaceable antique. There is no silver bullet, n
Author : Larry M. Miller
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119626005
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography written by Larry M. Miller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains why modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading "green" analytical and purification separations technology. Modern supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is the leading method used to analyze and purify chiral and achiral chemical compounds, many of which are pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical candidates, and natural products including cannabis-related compounds. This book covers current SFC instrumentation as it relates to greater robustness, better reproducibility, and increased analytical sensitivity. Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases covers the history, instrumentation, method development and applications of SFC. The authors provided readers with an overview of analytical and preparative SFC equipment, stationary phases, and mobile phase choices. Topics covered include: Milestones of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography; Physical Properties of Supercritical Fluids; Instrumentation for SFC; Detection in SFC; Achiral SFC Method Development; Chiral SFC Method Development; and Preparative Scale SFC. The book also includes highlights of modern applications of SFC in the final chapters—namely pharmaceuticals, consumer products, foods, polymers, petroleum-related mixtures, and cannabis—and discusses the future of SFC. Provides a clear explanation of the physical and chemical properties of supercritical fluids, which gives the reader a better understanding of the basis for improved performance in SFC compared to HPLC and GC Describes the advantages of SFC as a green alternative to HPLC and GC for the analysis of both polar, water-soluble, and non-polar analytes Details both achiral and chiral SFC method development, including modifiers, additives, the impact of temperature and pressure, and stationary phase choices Details why SFC is the premier modern preparative chromatographic technique used to purify components of mixtures for subsequent uses, both from performance and economic perspectives Covers numerous detectors, with an emphasis on SFC-MS, SFC-UV, and SFC-ELSD (evaporative light scattering detection) Describes the application of SFC to numerous high-value application areas Modern Supercritical Fluid Chromatography: Carbon Dioxide Containing Mobile Phases will be of great interest to professionals, students, and professors involved in analytical, bioanalytical, separations science, medicinal, petroleum, and environmental chemistries. It will also appeal to pharmaceutical scientists, natural-product scientists, food and consumer-products scientists, chemical engineers, and managers in these areas.
Author : Barbara Kanegsberg
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 143982827X
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)
Download or read book Handbook for Critical Cleaning: Cleaning agents and systems written by Barbara Kanegsberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nearly all companies which manufacture or fabricate high-value physical objects (components, parts, assemblies) perform critical cleaning at one or more stages. These range from the giants of the semiconductor, aerospace, and biomedical world to a host of small to medium to large companies producing a dizzying array of components"--
Author : Barbara Kanegsberg
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466515945
Total Pages : 1109 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)
Download or read book Handbook for Critical Cleaning, Second Edition - 2 Volume Set written by Barbara Kanegsberg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 1109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set consists of two volumes: Cleaning Agents and Systems and Applications, Processes, and Controls. Updated, expanded, re-organized, and rewritten, this two-volume handbook covers cleaning processes, applications, management, safety, and environmental concerns. The editors rigorously examine technical issues, cleaning agent options and systems, chemical and equipment integration, and contamination control, as well as cleanliness standards, analytical testing, process selection, implementation and maintenance, specific application areas, and regulatory issues. A collection of international contributors gives the text a global viewpoint. Color illustrations, video clips, and animation are available online to help readers better understand presented material.
