Lifespan Perspectives on the Family and Disability

Download Lifespan Perspectives on the Family and Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Allyn & Bacon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lifespan Perspectives on the Family and Disability by : Judy O. Berry

Download or read book Lifespan Perspectives on the Family and Disability written by Judy O. Berry and published by Allyn & Bacon. This book was released on 1998 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do families cope, adapt, and grow through the challenge of living with a child with a disability? How do family members nurture and support the developmental journey to adulthood? When a child has a disability, it affects the parents and other family members as individuals, the family as a system, and the parental role. This book examines the questions above as it focuses on understanding families and addressing communication and collaboration between family members. Topics include: the family as an interactive unit, stress, coping, day-to-day issues, the family within the community, the early childhood years, schools, and more. Parents, educators, and therapists.

Understanding Disability

Download Understanding Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 0761905278
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (619 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Understanding Disability by : Peggy Quinn

Download or read book Understanding Disability written by Peggy Quinn and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1998 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 30 years, attitudes toward people with disabilities have changed dramatically, moving from deinstitutionalization in the 1960s to the Disability Rights Movement of the 1970s and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990. The results of this shift have been to move more and more people with disabilities into mainstream activities in their communities. Social workers and other health and mental health professionals are now encountering people with a wide range of disabilities at various stages of their lives. It is important to be prepared. Understanding Disability details expected developmental stages for those without disabilities as well as the impact of disability at each of these periods. This is a much needed reference for working with a person with a disability, or with a family member or other interested party. Beginning with infancy and the diagnosis of congenital or early onset disabilities, the book identifies traditional developmental life stages and then provides specific information for four different disabilities: Down syndrome, visual impairment, cerebral palsy, and spina bifida. In addition, spinal cord injury is added at the young adult stage of some adapted expectations. In keeping with a social work emphasis on strengths, the book is based on a social, rather than medical, model of disability. The information in this book allows the social worker to create treatment plans, coordinate with other professionals, and competently assist the person with the disability and his/her family. Filling the void in literature on disabilities since the Disabilities Act of 1990, Understanding Disability will be a most valuable resource for social workers, counselors, and nurses.

Lifespan Transitions and Disability

Download Lifespan Transitions and Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317812638
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Lifespan Transitions and Disability by : Iva Strnadová

Download or read book Lifespan Transitions and Disability written by Iva Strnadová and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings a refreshing perspective to preparing students with disabilities and their families for all aspects of independent life. Many of the transitions experienced by younger children set the stage for future changes, yet do not receive the attention they deserve in the literature. This publication offers a strengths-based approach that includes philosophical perspectives and evidence-based practices to assist this vulnerable population with lifespan changes and challenges. Each chapter addresses transitional needs and their assessment, and relevant interventions from the perspectives of an application to schools, families and communities. Multicultural perspectives are integral to all these chapters. The book covers transition from: - home to early childhood education - early childhood education to primary school - primary school to secondary school - primary school to special settings - juvenile justice settings back into the community - school to work - school to further education or training - post-school settings to retirement. Lifespan Transitions and Disability: A holistic perspective is a necessary companion for postgraduate education students and researchers who have an interest in exploring the nature and context of special and inclusive education today.

Disability Across the Developmental Lifespan

Download Disability Across the Developmental Lifespan PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 082613923X
Total Pages : 547 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Disability Across the Developmental Lifespan by : Julie Smart, PhD

Download or read book Disability Across the Developmental Lifespan written by Julie Smart, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the only text to examine the experience of disability in relation to theories of human growth and development. It provides a foundational and comprehensive examination of disability that encompasses the intellectual, psychiatric, physical, and social arenas. The second edition is updated to underscore its versatility as an introductory text about the developmental tasks of people with disabilities for all the helping professions. Reorganized to illuminate the book’s interdisciplinary focus, it includes new demographics, new case studies and first-person accounts, discussions on cultural aspects of disabilities, family concerns, and more. The text delivers practice guidelines for each of the conventional life stages and describes the developmental tasks of individuals with disabilities (IWDs). It emphasizes the positive trend in the perception of IWDs as normal and underscores the fact that IWDs have the same motivations, emotions, and goals as those without disabilities. Learning activities, suggestions for writing exercises, and websites for further study reinforce learning, as do graphs and charts illustrating trends and demographics. NEW TO THE SECOND EDITION: Introductory chapter on understanding disability Demographic updates throughout New case studies and first-person accounts Expanded discussions about cultural considerations, intersectionality, and family considerations Updated Instructor’s Manual and an Instructor’s Test Bank KEY FEATURES: Examines the conventional stages of human growth and development from the perspective of individuals with disabilities Integrates disability concepts with developmental theories and stages of the lifespan Addresses common ethical issues to illuminate the real-world implications faced by individuals with disabilities and their families Includes learning activities, suggestions for writing exercises, and websites for further study Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers.

Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability

Download Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461433843
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability by : Ronda C. Talley

Download or read book Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability written by Ronda C. Talley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-27 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caring for people with disabilities often becomes an all-encompassing responsibility for one or more family members. To manage the multifaceted demands, caregivers must possess strong multitasking skills, including the ability to assist with daily life tasks; provide emotional support; help with financial affairs; mediate and advocate with health care providers. Maintaining balance within their own lives can become incredibly challenging for caregivers. More often than not, providing care for family members or loved ones occurs at the expense of the caregivers’ well-being. And for caregivers who themselves have disabilities, it further complicates matters. Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability addresses concerns that have been long familiar to the caregiver population and examines the current state of family care for individuals with disabilities. With a lifespan perspective, this concise reference reviews the literature on specific problems of caregivers and explores which care strategies are effective, promising, or lacking in available resources and support interventions. Contributors also explore the more fluid and subjective aspects of caregiving, such as feelings, spirituality, and family roles. Suggestions for future policy improvements, particularly within the public health sector, are discussed as well. Topics covered include: • Family dynamics and caregiving for people with disabilities. • Parent caregiving of children with disabilities. • Race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and caregiving. • Educational, training, and support programs for caregivers. • Emerging technologies to aid caregivers. • Developing partnerships between caregivers and health care providers. Multiple Dimensions of Caregiving and Disability is a must-have resource for researchers, scientist-practitioners, policy makers, and graduate students across such disciplines as clinical psychology, nursing, social work, public health, medicine, and social and education policy.

Disability Studies for Human Services

Download Disability Studies for Human Services PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826162843
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Disability Studies for Human Services by : Debra A. Harley, PhD, CRC, LPC

Download or read book Disability Studies for Human Services written by Debra A. Harley, PhD, CRC, LPC and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delivers knowledge critical to understanding the multidimensional aspects of working with varied populations with disabilities This is the only introduction to disability book with an interdisciplinary perspective that offers cross-disability and intersectionality coverage, as well as a special emphasis on many unique populations. Comprehensive and reader-friendly, it provides current, evidence-based knowledge on the key principles and practice of disability, while addressing advocacy, the disability rights movement, disability legislation, public policy, and law. Focusing on significant trends, the book provides coverage on persistent and emerging avenues in disability studies that are anticipated to impact a growing proportion of individuals in need of disability services. Woven throughout is an emphasis on psychosocial adaptation to disability supported by case studies and field-based experiential exercises. The text addresses the roles and functions of disability service providers. It also examines ethics in service delivery, credentialing, career paths, cultural competency, poverty, infectious diseases, and family and lifespan perspectives. Reinforcing the need for an interdisciplinary stance, each chapter discusses how varied disciplines work together to provide services addressing the whole person. Active learning is promoted through discussion boxes, self-check questions, and learning exercises. Faculty support includes PowerPoints, model syllabi, test bank, and instructor manual. Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers. Key Features: Provides readers with key knowledge and skills needed to effectively practice in multidisciplinary settings Offers interdisciplinary perspectives on conceptualization, assessment, and intervention across a broad range of disabilities and client populations Underscores the intersectionality of disability to correspond with trends in education focusing on social justice and underrepresented populations Includes research and discussion boxes citing current research activities and excerpts from noted experts in various human service disciplines Promotes active learning with discussion boxes, multiple-choice questions, case studies with discussion questions, and field-based experiential exercises Includes instructor manual, sample syllabi, PowerPoint slides, and test bank Identifies key references at the end of chapters and provides resources for additional information Purchase includes digital access for use on most mobile devices or computers.

Disability Across the Developmental Life Span

Download Disability Across the Developmental Life Span PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826107346
Total Pages : 524 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Disability Across the Developmental Life Span by : Julie Smart

Download or read book Disability Across the Developmental Life Span written by Julie Smart and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2011-11-14 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print+CourseSmart

Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan

Download Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319180967
Total Pages : 2307 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan by : I. Leslie Rubin

Download or read book Health Care for People with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities across the Lifespan written by I. Leslie Rubin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 2307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a broad overview of quality health care for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). It focuses on providing the reader a practical approach to dealing with the health and well-being of people with IDD in general terms as well as in dealing with specific conditions. In addition, it offers the reader a perspective from many different points of view in the health care delivery system as well as in different parts of the world. This is the 3rd , and much expanded edition, of a text that was first published in 1989 (Lea and Fibiger). The second edition was published in 2006 (Paul Brookes) and has been used as a formal required text in training programs for physicians, nurses and nurse practitioners as well as by administrators who are responsible for programs serving people with IDD. This book is considered the “Bible” in the field of health care for people with IDD since 1989 when the first edition came out.

Life-span Developmental Psychology

Download Life-span Developmental Psychology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317784812
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Life-span Developmental Psychology by : E. Mark Cummings

Download or read book Life-span Developmental Psychology written by E. Mark Cummings and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-01-02 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there has been a significant increase in studies of stress and coping processes in recent years, researchers have often approached these topics from rather narrow and constrained perspectives. Furthermore, little communication has occurred across disciplines and research directions, resulting in the emergence of several relatively isolated literatures. An outgrowth of the Eleventh Biennial West Virginia University Conference on Life-Span Development, this volume emphasizes two major themes: the importance of taking a life-span approach to the study of stress and coping, and the development of new and more complete conceptual models of stress and coping processes. The first to approach these subjects from a life-span perspective, this book includes papers by distinguished researchers from each of the major periods of the life-span, and brings together the cognitive and socioemotional traditions in the study of dealing with pressures. The editors hope that this facilitation of communication among researchers with diverse views will help create a broadening and integration of perspectives.

Handbook of Developmental Disabilities

Download Handbook of Developmental Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1606232487
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Developmental Disabilities by : Samuel L. Odom

Download or read book Handbook of Developmental Disabilities written by Samuel L. Odom and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2009-01-21 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authoritative handbook reviews the breadth of current knowledge about developmental disabilities: neuroscientific and genetic foundations; the impact on health, learning, and behavior; and effective educational and clinical practices. Leading authorities analyze what works in intervening with diverse children and families, from infancy through the school years and the transition to adulthood. Chapters present established and emerging approaches to promoting communication and language abilities, academic skills, positive social relationships, and vocational and independent living skills. Current practices in positive behavior support are discussed, as are strategies for supporting family adaptation and resilience.

Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability

Download Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9780826123879
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability by : Dr. Elizabeth Da Silva Cardoso, PhD

Download or read book Understanding Psychosocial Adjustment to Chronic Illness and Disability written by Dr. Elizabeth Da Silva Cardoso, PhD and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2009-06-16 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rehabilitation practitioners face the difficult task of helping clients adjust to chronic illness or disability. This can be a long and trying process for both practitioner and client. With this handbook, however, practitioners and students can gain a wealth of insight into the critical issues clients face daily. This book presents the dominant theories, models, and evidence-based techniques necessary to help the psychosocial adjustment of chronically ill or disabled persons. Each chapter is written from an evidence-based practice (EBP) perspective, and explores how important issues (i.e., social stigma, social support, sexuality, family, depression, and substance abuse) affect persons adjusting to chronic illness and disability. Key features include: A review of psychopharmacological treatment options for depression, anxiety, and other disorders coinciding with rehabilitation The effect of rehabilitation on the family, including key family intervention strategies Strategies for using positive psychology and motivational interviewing in rehabilitation Multiculturalism and the effect of culture on the adjustment process Ancillary materials including an instructor's manual with a syllabus, examination items, PowerPoint presentation, and answers to class exercises By incorporating research-based knowledge into clinical rehabilitation practice, health care professionals can ensure that people with chronic illness and disability receive only the best treatment.

How People Learn II

Download How People Learn II PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309459672
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis How People Learn II by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book How People Learn II written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

Inclusion, Disability and Culture

Download Inclusion, Disability and Culture PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319552244
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inclusion, Disability and Culture by : Santoshi Halder

Download or read book Inclusion, Disability and Culture written by Santoshi Halder and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a global and social examination of how disabilities are played out and experienced around the world. It presents auto-ethnographic perspectives on disability across cultures, societies, and countries by documenting individuals’ personal narratives, thought processes and reflections. Chapter authors share cross-cultural perspectives within and across various countries, such as India, Australia, United States, Sri Lanka, United Kingdom, Croatia, Brazil, South Africa, and Qatar. Adopting a self-reflective stance following qualitative research methodology, the chapter authors discuss the current challenges in the field. Next, they deconstruct disability identities, explore the complexities of communication with differently abled persons, examine inclusive policies, practices and interventions and present insights from caregivers. The book concludes with critical reflections and a look to the future of global diversity and inclusion.

Expanding Horizons

Download Expanding Horizons PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1612335713
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (123 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Expanding Horizons by : Karen J. Ripoll-Núñez

Download or read book Expanding Horizons written by Karen J. Ripoll-Núñez and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2012 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding Horizons: Current Research on Interpersonal Acceptance offers readers an outstanding collection of papers that reflects current trends in research on interpersonal acceptance. Papers in this volume cover a variety of questions and topics with regard to issues of acceptance-rejection by significant figures in parent-child, sibling, peer, and adult intimate relationships. Also, several papers deal with the implications of interpersonal acceptance for the development and educational achievement of children, college students, as well as children with special needs. Lastly, an entire section of the book is devoted to methodological issues in the evaluation of interpersonal acceptance across cultures. The authors draw on the perspectives of different disciplines such as educational psychology, anthropology, sociology, developmental psychology, and family studies. Research findings discussed in this collection of papers have important implications for professionals working in different contexts to strengthen family relationships, teacher and peer relationships in schools, and couple relationships. As such, the book constitutes a useful reference source for graduate students, academic researchers, clinicians, teachers, special educators, school counselors, and service agencies. Scholars who contributed to this book come from different parts of the world, including the Americas, Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Middle East.

Families in Rehabilitation Counseling

Download Families in Rehabilitation Counseling PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826198767
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Families in Rehabilitation Counseling by : Irmo Marini, PhD, DSc, CRC, CLCP

Download or read book Families in Rehabilitation Counseling written by Irmo Marini, PhD, DSc, CRC, CLCP and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2014-10-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an innovative family-based approach to rehabilitation counseling that can be put to use immediately! While the family has traditionally been a secondary consideration in rehabilitation, this graduate text presents an innovative approach to rehabilitation counseling that focuses on the family as the center of a person-centered model, rather than as an adjunct to individual counseling. It advocates counseling in the context of community, requiring the recognition of social transaction as the primary focus of all interventions. The book provides the tools and knowledge base to effectively work with the family and within the community, delivering a new inclusive model of care and establishing best practices in research, practice, training, and management. The text examines the rationale for embracing family values in rehabilitation counseling and provides a framework that redefines the relationship between counselor and client in the context of family and community. It describes the community-based rehabilitation model in detail according to the International Classification of Function (ICF) and presents a series of illustrative disability profiles—distilled from systematic reviews of the literature—reflecting this framework. In each case, the impact upon family participation is illustrated and optimal service and support resources are identified. The role and function of the rehabilitation counselor provide the integrative conclusion to each chapter. The book also describes grassroots initiatives, the role of family in community-based rehabilitation in developing countries, family policy across rehabilitation systems, and best practices in research, training, and management. Additionally, the text comes with access to an Instructor‘s Manual that includes case study discussion questions, classroom activities, and multiple-choice questions. Key Features: • Describes an innovative family-/community-focused approach to rehabilitation counseling, framed in ICF taxonomy • Presents a pragmatic model that can be put to use immediately • Describes an array of family experiences across disability contexts, providing an opportunity to critique current practice through the lens of community-based constructs • Provides plentiful case studies based on family narratives • Broadens the scope of practice with service initiatives from around the world • Includes an Instructor‘s Manual with case study discussion questions, classroom activities, and multiple-choice questions

Special Education in Contemporary Society

Download Special Education in Contemporary Society PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1452216770
Total Pages : 713 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Special Education in Contemporary Society by : Richard M. Gargiulo

Download or read book Special Education in Contemporary Society written by Richard M. Gargiulo and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 713 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounded in research and expanding on current trends and contemporary issues, the new edition of Gargiulo's text provides an easy-to-read introduction to special education.

Engaging and Empowering Families in Secondary Transition

Download Engaging and Empowering Families in Secondary Transition PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Council For Exceptional Children
ISBN 13 : 0865864454
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (658 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Engaging and Empowering Families in Secondary Transition by : Donna L. Wandry, PHD

Download or read book Engaging and Empowering Families in Secondary Transition written by Donna L. Wandry, PHD and published by Council For Exceptional Children. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expanded follow-up to a CEC bestseller, this guide includes tools for assessing families’ and practitioners’ engagement in practices that promote positive post-school outcomes for youth with disabilities. Engaging and Empowering Families in Secondary Transition: A Practitioner’s Guide gives schools and agencies planning tools and practical strategies to foster family partnerships in five dimensions: collaborators in the IEP process; instructors in their youth’s emergent independence; peer mentors; evaluators and decision-makers; and systems-change agents.