Laser Ultrasonic Generation At The Surface Of A Liquid Metal

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Laser Ultrasonic Generation at the Surface of a Liquid Metal

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 6 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (685 download)

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Download or read book Laser Ultrasonic Generation at the Surface of a Liquid Metal written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The noncontacting nature of laser-based ultrasonic measurement has made it attractive in many applications. While most applications thus far involve solid samples, molten metals encountered in some stages of metal processing appear well suited to this technique. Possible applications for liquid metals include locating and characterizing the liquid/solid interface; characterizing a surface layer, contaminant, or alloying constituent; and measuring the temperature of the sample surface or bulk. This work aimed to characterize laser generation of ultrasound in liquid metals to facilitate the development of techniques for these applications. This paper describes measurements of the angular distribution and energy dependence of laser-generated ultrasound in mercury at ambient temperature. Mercury was chosen as the model liquid metal because it is liquid at room temperature, and so should have negligible temperature gradients beyond those produced in the laser generation process, and because it exhibits a very shallow optical penetration depth. Brief descriptions about the theory of laser generation by thermoelastic and ablation sources at the surface of a liquid metal are included. Both thermoelastic expansion and ablation cause similar ultrasound generation in liquid metals when laser generated ultrasonic pulses are directed perpendicular to the surface of liquid metals. The ultrasonic pulse amplitude is proportional to the absorbed laser pulse energy for both mechanisms. The simple threshold model presented for ablation describes the transition from thermoelastic generation with the model's two parameters being material dependent. For mercury, ablation produces about 100 times larger ultrasonic pulse amplitudes than thermoelastic expansion and has a threshold of about 6 MW/square cm. Molten metals offer a good medium for studying ablation, since the surface is always refreshed and ablation, at least for mercury, dominates ultrasonic generation above the threshold.

Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation

Author : Donald O. Thompson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146151987X
Total Pages : 2462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation by : Donald O. Thompson

Download or read book Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation written by Donald O. Thompson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 2462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings, consisting of Parts A and B, contain the edited versions of most of the papers presented at the annual Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation held at Snowmass Village, Colorado, on July 31 to August 4, 1994. The Review was organized by the Center for NDE at Iowa State University, in cooperation with the Ames Laboratory of the US DOE, the Materials Directorate of the Wright Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, the American Society of Nondestructive Testing, the Department of Energy, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Federal Aviation Administration, the National Science Foundation Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers, and the Working Group in Quantitative NDE. This year's Review of Progress in QNDE was attended by approximately 450 participants from the U.S. and many foreign countries who presented over 360 papers. The meeting was divided into 36 sessions, with as many as four sessions running concurrently. The Review covered all phases of NDE research and development from fundamental investigations to engineering applications or inspection systems, and it included many important methods of inspection science from acoustics to x-rays. In the last eight to ten years, the Review has stabilized at about its current size, which most participants seem to agree is large enough to permit a full-scale overview of the latest developments, but still small enough to retain the collegial atmosphere which has marked the Review since its inception.

Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.

Laser Acoustic Molten Metal Depth Sensing in Titanium

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (727 download)

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Download or read book Laser Acoustic Molten Metal Depth Sensing in Titanium written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A noncontacting ultrasonic method has been investigated for probing the solidification front in molten titanium for the purposes of profiling the channel depth in a plasma hearth re-melter. The method, known as Laser Ultrasonics, utilized a pulsed laser for generation of ultrasonic waves at the surface of a molten metal pool. The ultrasonic waves propagated into the liquid titanium reflected from the solidification front and the boundaries of the solid plug. A Fabry-Perot interferometer, driven by a second laser, demodulated the small displacements caused by the ultrasonic wave motion at the liquid surface. The method and results of measurements taken within a small research plasma melting furnace will be described. Successful results were obtained even directly beneath the plasma arc using this all-optical approach.

Laser Ultrasonics Techniques and Applications

Author : L.E Drain
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351435590
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Laser Ultrasonics Techniques and Applications by : L.E Drain

Download or read book Laser Ultrasonics Techniques and Applications written by L.E Drain and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book devoted to laser techniques in the generation and reception of ultrasonic waves in materials, Laser Ultrasonics: Techniques and Applications provides a full description of the state of the art in all fields involving both lasers and ultrasonics. This practical book focuses mainly on the possible applications of the techniques, yet th

Metals Abstracts Index

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1634 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Energy Research Abstracts

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 840 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (129 download)

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Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Government Reports Announcements & Index

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1342 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ultrasound in Liquid & Solid Metals

Author : O. V. Abramov
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasound in Liquid & Solid Metals by : O. V. Abramov

Download or read book Ultrasound in Liquid & Solid Metals written by O. V. Abramov and published by Springer. This book was released on 1994-04-08 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultrasound in Liquid and Solid Metals focuses on the effect of intensive ultrasound on metals, including the analysis of the development of cavitation and acoustic flows in melts, mechanism of metals' spraying and crystallization, the formation of dislocation structure in crystals, diffusion, phase transformation, and plastic deformation. Physical fundamentals of intensive ultrasound effects are covered, and detailed discussions are presented on the engineering principles of equipment and material design for the practical use of ultrasound in the refining of melts, crystallization of ingots and molds, pulverization, plating, pressure working of metals, surface strengthening, and other processes.

Ultrasonics

Author : Dale Ensminger
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000994953
Total Pages : 904 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasonics by : Dale Ensminger

Download or read book Ultrasonics written by Dale Ensminger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-21 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated, revised, and restructured to reflect the latest advances in science and applications, the fourth edition of this best-selling industry and research reference covers the fundamental physical acoustics of ultrasonics and transducers, with a focus on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive modalities. It then discusses the full breadth of ultrasonics applications involving low power (sensing) and high power (processing) for research, industrial, and medical use. This book includes new content covering computer modeling used for acoustic and elastic wave phenomena, including scattering, mode conversion, transmission through layered media, Rayleigh and Lamb waves and flexural plates, modern horn design tools, Langevin transducers, and material characterization. There is more attention on process monitoring and advanced nondestructive testing and evaluation (NDT/NDE), including phased array ultrasound (PAUT), long-range inspection, using guided ultrasonic waves (GUW), internally rotary inspection systems (IRIS), time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD), and acoustic emission (AE). These methods are discussed and applied to both metals and nonmetals using illustrations in various industries, including now additionally for food and beverage products. The topics of defect sizing, capabilities, and limitations, including the probability of detection (POD), are introduced. Three chapters provide a new treatment of high-power ultrasonics, for both fluids and solids, and again, with examples of industrial engineering, food and beverage, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other process applications. Expanded coverage is given to medical and biological applications, covering diagnostics, therapy, and, at the highest powers, surgery. Key Features Provides an overview of fundamental analysis and transducer technologies needed to design and develop both measurement and processing systems Considers applications in material characterization and metrology Covers ultrasonic nondestructive testing and evaluation and high-power ultrasonics, which involves interactions that change the state of material Highlights medical and biomedical applications of ultrasound, focusing on the physical acoustics and the technology employed for diagnosis, therapy, surgery, and research This book is intended for both the undergraduate and graduate scientists and engineers, as well as the working professional, who seeks to understand the fundamentals together with a holistic treatment of the field of ultrasonics and its diversity of applications.

Experiment Employing Ultrasonic Eneergy to Promote Boiling in Liquid Metals

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Experiment Employing Ultrasonic Eneergy to Promote Boiling in Liquid Metals by :

Download or read book Experiment Employing Ultrasonic Eneergy to Promote Boiling in Liquid Metals written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Emerging Technologies in NDT

Author : Gerhard Busse
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482266261
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Technologies in NDT by : Gerhard Busse

Download or read book Emerging Technologies in NDT written by Gerhard Busse and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-04-16 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-destructive testing (NDT) is a pertinent task in nearly every field of human activity, from the assuring of aircraft integrity to the evaluation of infrastructural decay caused by deterioration or damage. The development of non-destructive methods for quality management results in economic and environmental benefits, in an increase in

Metals Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1602 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

CIM Bulletin

Author : Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 822 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis CIM Bulletin by : Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

Download or read book CIM Bulletin written by Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Quarterly Bulletin of the Canadian Mining Institute

Author : Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Quarterly Bulletin of the Canadian Mining Institute by : Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum

Download or read book Quarterly Bulletin of the Canadian Mining Institute written by Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum and published by . This book was released on 1999-06 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Welding Research Abroad

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Download or read book Welding Research Abroad written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Laser-ultrasonics and Imaging Through Metal Layers

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789492323613
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (236 download)

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Download or read book Laser-ultrasonics and Imaging Through Metal Layers written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The combination of light and sound can be used to detect and image structures under opaque layers. In this thesis, we present the result of our studies on imaging and metrology through metal layers using laser-induced ultrasound. Ultrafast lasers can generate acoustic waves at high frequencies through the thermoelastic effect. The absorption of the energy of the laser pulse is followed by an increase in temperature and a subsequent expansion of the metal lattice. Stress is generated in the lattice, launching an acoustic wave inside the metal layer. The acoustic waves travel through the layers that compose the samples, reflecting off different interfaces and returning to the surface. When the reflected acoustic pulse comes back to the surface, it causes a change in the optical constants, as well as a physical displacement of the surface. A second laser pulse can be used to detect these changes in optical properties of the surface caused by the acoustic wave. In our research, we performed pump-probe experiments to study the generation, propagation and detection of ultrasound waves in metal layers.