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Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer La Icp Ms In Geosciences Further Improvement For Elemental Analysis
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Book Synopsis Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) in Geosciences: Further Improvement for Elemental Analysis by : Shitou Wu
Download or read book Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (LA-ICP-MS) in Geosciences: Further Improvement for Elemental Analysis written by Shitou Wu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quantitative reduction strategy consisting of Ratioing, Standardization, and Normalization (RSN) was proposed to process the LA-ICP-MS transient signal of NIST, MPI-DING, USGS and CGSG glass reference materials. The RSN strategy allows the quantitative reduction without knowing the concentration of internal standard prior to LA-ICP-MS analysis. The down-hole fractionations of the investigated glasses in initial 5-35s ablation period were insignificant and independent of the chosen internal standards under the given laser conditions. The analytical accuracy obtained from internal standardi...
Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Laser Ablation ICP-MS for Archaeology by : Laure Dussubieux
Download or read book Recent Advances in Laser Ablation ICP-MS for Archaeology written by Laure Dussubieux and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-05 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores different aspects of LA-ICP-MS (laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry). It presents a large array of new analytical protocols for elemental or isotope analysis. LA-ICP-MS is a powerful tool that combines a sampling device able to remove very small quantities of material without leaving visible damage at the surface of an object. Furthermore, it functions as a sensitive analytical instrument that measures, within a few seconds, a wide range of isotopes in inorganic samples. Determining the elemental or the isotopic composition of ancient material is essential to address questions related to ancient technology or provenance and therefore aids archaeologists in reconstructing exchange networks for goods, people and ideas. Recent improvements of LA-ICP-MS have opened new avenues of research that are explored in this volume.
Book Synopsis Laser-ablation-ICPMS in the Earth Sciences by : Paul Joseph Sylvester
Download or read book Laser-ablation-ICPMS in the Earth Sciences written by Paul Joseph Sylvester and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM titled: "Short course volume 29, 2001 (to accompany Short course 40, 2008)".
Book Synopsis Laser Ablation-ICP-MS in the Earth Sciences by : Paul Joseph Sylvester
Download or read book Laser Ablation-ICP-MS in the Earth Sciences written by Paul Joseph Sylvester and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM titled: "Short course volume 29, 2001 (to accompany Short course 40, 2008)".
Book Synopsis Current Developments in Laser Ablation-inductively Coupled Plasma-mass Spectrometry for Use in Geology, Forensics, and Nuclear Nonproliferation Research by :
Download or read book Current Developments in Laser Ablation-inductively Coupled Plasma-mass Spectrometry for Use in Geology, Forensics, and Nuclear Nonproliferation Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation focused on new applications of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The diverse fields that were investigated show the versatility of the technique. In Chapter 2, LA-ICP-MS was used to investigate the rare earth element (REE) profiles of garnets from the Broken Hill Deposit in New South Wales, Australia. The normalized REE profiles helped to shed new light on the formation of deposits of sulfide ores. This information may be helpful in identifying the location of sulfide ore deposits in other locations. New sources of metals such as Pg, Zn, and Ag, produced from these ores, are needed to sustain our current technological society. The application of LA-ICP-MS presented in Chapter 3 is the forensics analysis of automotive putty and caulking. The elemental analysis of these materials was combined with the use of Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The PCA comparison was able to differentiate the automotive putty samples by manufacturer and lot number. The analysis of caulk was able to show a differentiation based on manufacturer, but no clear differentiation was shown by lot number. This differentiation may allow matching of evidence in the future. This will require many more analyses and the construction of a database made up of many different samples. The 4th chapter was a study of the capabilities of LA-ICP-MS for fast and precise analysis of particle ensembles for nuclear nonproliferation applications. Laser ablation has the ability to spatially resolve particle ensembles which may contain uranium or other actinides from other particles present in a sample. This is of importance in samples obtained from air on filter media. The particle ensembles of interest may be mixed in amongst dust and other particulates. A problem arises when ablating these particle ensembles directly from the filter media. Dust particles other than ones of interest may be accidentally entrained in the aerosol of the ablated particle ensemble. This would cause the analysis to be skewed. The use of a gelatin substrate allows the ablation a particle ensemble without disturbing other particles or the gelatin surface. A method to trap and ablate particles on filter paper using collodion was also investigated. The laser was used to dig through the collodion layer and into the particle ensemble. Both of these methods fix particles to allow spatial resolution of the particle ensembles. The use of vanillic acid as a possible enhancement to ablation was also studied. A vanillic acid coating of the particles fixed on top of the gelatin substrate was not found to have any positive effect on either signal intensity or precision. The mixing of vanillic acid in the collodion solution used to coat the filter paper increased ablation signal intensity by a factor of 4 to 5. There was little effect on precision, though. The collodion on filter paper method and the gelatin method of resolving particles have shown themselves to be possible tools in fighting proliferation of nuclear weapons and material. Future applications of LA-ICP-MS are only limited by the imagination of the investigator. Any material that can be ablated and aerosolized is a potential material for analysis by LA-ICP-MS. Improvements in aerosol transport, ablation chamber design, and laser focusing can make possible the ablation and analysis of very small amounts of material. This may perhaps lead to more possible uses in forensics. A similar method to the one used in Chapter 3 could perhaps be used to match drug residue to the place of origin. Perhaps a link could be made based on the elements leached from the soil by plants used to make drugs. This may have a specific pattern based on where the plant was grown. Synthetic drugs are produced in clandestine laboratories that are often times very dirty. The dust, debris, and unique materials in the lab environment could create enough variance to perhaps match drugs produced there to samples obtained...
Book Synopsis Petrochronology by : Matthew J. Kohn
Download or read book Petrochronology written by Matthew J. Kohn and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Petrochronology is a rapidly emerging branch of Earth science that links time (ages or rates) with specific rock-forming processes and their physical conditions. It is founded in petrology and geochemistry, which define a petrogenetic context or delimit a specific process, to which chronometric data are then linked. This combination informs Earth’s petrogenetic processes better than petrology or geochronology alone. This volume and the accompanying short courses address three broad categories of inquiry. Conceptual approaches chapters include petrologic modeling of multi-component chemical and mineralogic systems, and development of methods that include diffusive alteration of mineral chemistry. Methods chapters address four main analytical techniques, specifically EPMA, LA-ICP-MS, SIMS and TIMS. Mineral-specific chapters explore applications to a wide range of minerals, including zircon (metamorphic, igneous, and detrital/Hadean), baddeleyite, REE minerals (monazite, allanite, xenotime and apatite), titanite, rutile, garnet, and major igneous minerals (olivine, plagioclase and pyroxenes). These applications mainly focus on metamorphic, igneous, or tectonic processes, but additionally elucidate fundamental transdisciplinary progress in addressing mechanisms of crystal growth, the chemical consequences of mineral growth kinetics, and how chemical transport and deformation affect chemically complex mineral composites. Most chapters further recommend areas of future research.
Book Synopsis Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry and its Applications by : Steve J. Hill
Download or read book Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry and its Applications written by Steve J. Hill and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry andits Applications was written as a handbook for users who wanted abetter understanding of the theory augmented by a practical insightof how best to approach a range of applications, and to provide auseful starting point for users trying an approach or technique newto them. These objectives have been retained in the second editionbut a slight shift in emphasis gives the volume an overallperspective that is more forward looking. Structured into 11 chapters, the current edition is a thoroughrevision of the original, covering the principles of inductivelycoupled plasmas, instrumentation, methodology and applicationswithin environmental analysis, earth science, food science andclinical medicine. Each chapter, written by internationallyrecognised leaders in their specific subject areas, provides enoughdetail to be useful to both the new and experienced users. Fullaccount is taken of recent developments, such as high resolutioninstruments, novel detection systems and electrospraytechniques. Written for all analytical scientists but particularly thoseinvolved in atomic spectroscopy and in environmental, geochemical,clinical or food analysis, this timely and informative book will bean essential reference in their use of inductively coupled plasmasto achieve their own scientific goals.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry by :
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-22 with total page 3716 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of the Encyclopedia of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry, Three Volume Set provides authoritative and comprehensive coverage of all aspects of spectroscopy and closely related subjects that use the same fundamental principles, including mass spectrometry, imaging techniques and applications. It includes the history, theoretical background, details of instrumentation and technology, and current applications of the key areas of spectroscopy. The new edition will include over 80 new articles across the field. These will complement those from the previous edition, which have been brought up-to-date to reflect the latest trends in the field. Coverage in the third edition includes: Atomic spectroscopy Electronic spectroscopy Fundamentals in spectroscopy High-Energy spectroscopy Magnetic resonance Mass spectrometry Spatially-resolved spectroscopic analysis Vibrational, rotational and Raman spectroscopies The new edition is aimed at professional scientists seeking to familiarize themselves with particular topics quickly and easily. This major reference work continues to be clear and accessible and focus on the fundamental principles, techniques and applications of spectroscopy and spectrometry. Incorporates more than 150 color figures, 5,000 references, and 300 articles for a thorough examination of the field Highlights new research and promotes innovation in applied areas ranging from food science and forensics to biomedicine and health Presents a one-stop resource for quick access to answers and an in-depth examination of topics in the spectroscopy and spectrometry arenas
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Geochemistry by : William M. White
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Geochemistry written by William M. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-24 with total page 1680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia is a complete and authoritative reference work for this rapidly evolving field. Over 200 international scientists, each experts in their specialties, have written over 330 separate topics on different aspects of geochemistry including geochemical thermodynamics and kinetics, isotope and organic geochemistry, meteorites and cosmochemistry, the carbon cycle and climate, trace elements, geochemistry of high and low temperature processes, and ore deposition, to name just a few. The geochemical behavior of the elements is described as is the state of the art in analytical geochemistry. Each topic incorporates cross-referencing to related articles, and also has its own reference list to lead the reader to the essential articles within the published literature. The entries are arranged alphabetically, for easy access, and the subject and citation indices are comprehensive and extensive. Geochemistry applies chemical techniques and approaches to understanding the Earth and how it works. It touches upon almost every aspect of earth science, ranging from applied topics such as the search for energy and mineral resources, environmental pollution, and climate change to more basic questions such as the Earth’s origin and composition, the origin and evolution of life, rock weathering and metamorphism, and the pattern of ocean and mantle circulation. Geochemistry allows us to assign absolute ages to events in Earth’s history, to trace the flow of ocean water both now and in the past, trace sediments into subduction zones and arc volcanoes, and trace petroleum to its source rock and ultimately the environment in which it formed. The earliest of evidence of life is chemical and isotopic traces, not fossils, preserved in rocks. Geochemistry has allowed us to unravel the history of the ice ages and thereby deduce their cause. Geochemistry allows us to determine the swings in Earth’s surface temperatures during the ice ages, determine the temperatures and pressures at which rocks have been metamorphosed, and the rates at which ancient magma chambers cooled and crystallized. The field has grown rapidly more sophisticated, in both analytical techniques that can determine elemental concentrations or isotope ratios with exquisite precision and in computational modeling on scales ranging from atomic to planetary.
Book Synopsis A Handbook of Silicate Rock Analysis by : P.J. Potts
Download or read book A Handbook of Silicate Rock Analysis written by P.J. Potts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: without an appreciation of what happens in between. The techniques available for the chemical analysis of silicate rocks have undergone a revolution over the last 30 years. However, to use an analytical technique most effectively, No longer is the analytical balance the only instrument used it is essential to understand its analytical characteristics, in for quantitative measurement, as it was in the days of classi particular the excitation mechanism and the response of the cal gravimetric procedures. A wide variety of instrumental signal detection system. In this book, these characteristics techniques is now commonly used for silicate rock analysis, have been described within a framework of practical ana lytical aplications, especially for the routine multi-element including some that incorporate excitation sources and detec tion systems that have been developed only in the last few analysis of silicate rocks. All analytical techniques available years. These instrumental developments now permit a wide for routine silicate rock analysis are discussed, including range of trace elements to be determined on a routine basis. some more specialized procedures. Sufficient detail is In parallel with these exciting advances, users have tended included to provide practitioners of geochemistry with a firm to become more remote from the data production process. base from which to assess current performance, and in some This is, in part, an inevitable result of the widespread intro cases, future developments.
Book Synopsis Microstructural Geochronology by : Desmond E. Moser
Download or read book Microstructural Geochronology written by Desmond E. Moser and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 901 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microstructural Geochronology Geochronology techniques enable the study of geological evolution and environmental change over time. This volume integrates two aspects of geochronology: one based on classical methods of orientation and spatial patterns, and the other on ratios of radioactive isotopes and their decay products. The chapters illustrate how material science techniques are taking this field to the atomic scale, enabling us to image the chemical and structural record of mineral lattice growth and deformation, and sometimes the patterns of radioactive parent and daughter atoms themselves, to generate a microstructural geochronology from some of the most resilient materials in the solar system. First compilation of research focusing on the crystal structure, material properties, and chemical zoning of the geochronology mineral archive down to nanoscale Novel comparisons of mineral time archives from different rocky planets and asteroids and their shock metamorphic histories Fundamentals on how to reconstruct and date radiogenic isotope distributions using atom probe tomography Microstructural Geochronology will be a valuable resource for graduate students, academics, and researchers in the fields of petrology, geochronology, mineralogy, geochemistry, planetary geology, astrobiology, chemistry, and material science. It will also appeal to philosophers and historians of science from other disciplines.
Book Synopsis New Quantitative Approach in Trace Elemental Analysis of Single Fluid Inclusions by : A. M. Ghazi
Download or read book New Quantitative Approach in Trace Elemental Analysis of Single Fluid Inclusions written by A. M. Ghazi and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Archaeological Ceramic Analysis by : Alice M. W. Hunt
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Archaeological Ceramic Analysis written by Alice M. W. Hunt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume draws together topics and methodologies essential for the socio-cultural, mineralogical, and geochemical analysis of archaeological ceramic, one of the most complex and ubiquitous archaeomaterials in the archaeological record. It provides an invaluable resource for archaeologists, anthropologists, and archaeological materials scientists.
Book Synopsis Fundamental and Methodological Investigations for the Improvement of Elemental Analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Soectrometry by :
Download or read book Fundamental and Methodological Investigations for the Improvement of Elemental Analysis by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Soectrometry written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes a variety of studies meant to improve the analytical performance of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS. The emission behavior of individual droplets and LA generated particles in an ICP is studied using a high-speed, high frame rate digital camera. Phenomena are observed during the ablation of silicate glass that would cause elemental fractionation during analysis by ICP-MS. Preliminary work for ICP torch developments specifically tailored for the improvement of LA sample introduction are presented. An abnormal scarcity of metal-argon polyatomic ions (MAr) is observed during ICP-MS analysis. Evidence shows that MAr+ ions are dissociated by collisions with background gas in a shockwave near the tip of the skimmer cone. Method development towards the improvement of LA-ICP-MS for environmental monitoring is described. A method is developed to trap small particles in a collodion matrix and analyze each particle individually by LA-ICP-MS.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Solids by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry by : David Brian Aeschliman
Download or read book Analysis of Solids by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry written by David Brian Aeschliman and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation manuscript concentrates on methods to improve the utility of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) as a rapid and accurate technique for quantitative analysis, forensic matching, and source attribution of solid samples. A solution calibration method for LA-ICP-MS is described that does not require matrix-matched solid standards or prior knowledge of sample composition. Desolvated particles from a microconcentric nebulizer and particles ablated from a localized position on a solid sample are mixed and introduced simultaneously to the ICP-MS. The transport of sample particulates from the ablation cell is measured online with piezoelectric microbalance to provide signal normalization. The relative accuracy of the quantitative analysis of NIST 612 glass and NIST 1264a steel is 3% and 12%, respectively, except for the elements Pb and Bi in steel. LA-ICP-MS is also used with principal components analysis (PCA) to simplify routine comparisons of forensic materials without time-consuming and destructive sample dissolution. The relative concentrations of trace elements in a solid sample are examined to provide a "fingerprint" composition that can be used for definitive identification and source matching of the material. Residue samples are matched to bulk materials using PCA. Variation of laser focus and PCA are also used to diagnose the presence and severity of elemental fractionation, which remains the most significant limitation for accurate quantitative analyses by LA-ICP-MS. High-speed photographs and video of an ICP are used to examine the validity of solution calibration for LA-ICP-MS and to study the trajectories, lifetimes, and emission behavior of particles traversing the plasma under a variety of conditions. No red emission clouds from YO are visible in the ICP when a 20-[mu]L min−1 nebulizer is used to spray a 2000 ppm aqueous yttrium solution, suggesting that the wet droplets from this nebulizer desolvate almost completely before entering the ICP. These desolvated particles appear to atomize and ionize like the small dry particulates from laser ablation. However, some large ablated particulates are observed to fly through the plasma intact, possibly contributing to elemental fractionation. Nevertheless, accurate calibration results using solution standards can be obtained for elements not affected by fractionation.
Book Synopsis Hydrothermal Systems by : Christoph A. Heinrich
Download or read book Hydrothermal Systems written by Christoph A. Heinrich and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Laser Ablation ICP-MS in Archaeological Research by : Robert J. Speakman
Download or read book Laser Ablation ICP-MS in Archaeological Research written by Robert J. Speakman and published by UNM Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together for the first time a collection of papers that specifically describe laser ablation, methods for data quantification, and applications to archaeological questions.
