Language Science And Structure

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Information structure in Isthmus Zapotec narrative and conversation

Author : Juan José Bueno Holle
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961101299
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Information structure in Isthmus Zapotec narrative and conversation by : Juan José Bueno Holle

Download or read book Information structure in Isthmus Zapotec narrative and conversation written by Juan José Bueno Holle and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an in-depth description of information structure in Isthmus Zapotec, an Otomanguean language spoken by around 50,000 people in southeastern Oaxaca, Mexico, and represents the first book-length treatment of information structure in a Mesoamerican language. Three main observations motivate the study: Strong documentation and a relatively large and active speaker community create a unique opportunity to document information structure in Isthmus Zapotec and to study the language as it is used by speakers in everyday life;As a tonal and verb-initial language, the examination of Isthmus Zapotec represents a chance to explore the possible combinations of tone, intonation, morphology and verb-initial syntax that may occur in the coding of information structure; andThe close analysis of spontaneous speech in an endangered language contributes to our theoretical understanding of information structure and informs our knowledge of language documentation practices and revitalization efforts. Overall, the analysis presented here demonstrates the value and need for information structure studies to document and analyze naturally-occurring data.

Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar

Author : Stefan Müller
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961102554
Total Pages : 1632 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar by : Stefan Müller

Download or read book Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar written by Stefan Müller and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 1632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar (HPSG) is a constraint-based or declarative approach to linguistic knowledge, which analyses all descriptive levels (phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, pragmatics) with feature value pairs, structure sharing, and relational constraints. In syntax it assumes that expressions have a single relatively simple constituent structure. This volume provides a state-of-the-art introduction to the framework. Various chapters discuss basic assumptions and formal foundations, describe the evolution of the framework, and go into the details of the main syntactic phenomena. Further chapters are devoted to non-syntactic levels of description. The book also considers related fields and research areas (gesture, sign languages, computational linguistics) and includes chapters comparing HPSG with other frameworks (Lexical Functional Grammar, Categorial Grammar, Construction Grammar, Dependency Grammar, and Minimalism).

Language, Science, and Structure

Author : Ryan M. Nefdt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780197653104
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (531 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Science, and Structure by : Ryan M. Nefdt

Download or read book Language, Science, and Structure written by Ryan M. Nefdt and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

A lexicalist account of argument structure

Author :
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961101213
Total Pages : 106 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis A lexicalist account of argument structure by :

Download or read book A lexicalist account of argument structure written by and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are two prominent schools in linguistics: Minimalism (Chomsky) and Construction Grammar (Goldberg, Tomasello). Minimalism comes with the claim that our linguistic capabilities consist of an abstract, binary combinatorial operation (Merge) and a lexicon. Most versions of Construction Grammar assume that language consists of flat phrasal schemata that contribute their own meaning and may license additional arguments. This book examines a variant of Lexical Functional Grammar, which is lexical in principle but was augmented by tools that allow for the description of phrasal constructions in the Construction Grammar sense. These new tools include templates that can be used to model inheritance hierarchies and a resource driven semantics. The resource driven semantics makes it possible to reach the effects that lexical rules had, for example remapping of arguments, by semantic means. The semantic constraints can be evaluated in the syntactic component, which is basically similar to the delayed execution of lexical rules. So this is a new formalization that might be suitable to provide solutions to longstanding problems that are not available for other formalizations. While the authors suggest a lexical treatment of many phenomena and only assume phrasal constructions for selected phenomena like benefactive and resultative constructions in English, it can be shown that even these two constructions should not be treated phrasally in English and that the analysis would not extend to other languages as for instance German. I show that the new formal tools do not really improve the situation and many of the basic conceptual problems remain. Since this specific proposal fails for two constructions, it follows that proposals (in the same framework) that assume phrasal analyses for all constructions are not appropriate either. The conclusion is that lexical models are needed and this entails that the schemata that combine syntactic objects are rather abstract (as in Categorial Grammar, Minimalism, HPSG and standard LFG). On the other hand there are constructions that should be treated by very specific, phrasal schemata as in Construction Grammar and LFG and HPSG. So the conclusion is that both schools are right (and wrong) and that a combination of ideas from both camps is needed.

Perspectives on Information Structure in Austronesian Languages

Author : Atsuko Utsumi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781013291920
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (919 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Information Structure in Austronesian Languages by : Atsuko Utsumi

Download or read book Perspectives on Information Structure in Austronesian Languages written by Atsuko Utsumi and published by . This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information structure is a relatively new field to linguistics and has only recently been studied for smaller and less described languages. This book is the first of its kind that brings together contributions on information structure in Austronesian languages. Current approaches from formal semantics, discourse studies, and intonational phonology are brought together with language specific and cross-linguistic expertise of Austronesian languages. The 13 chapters in this volume cover all subgroups of the large Austronesian family, including Formosan, Central Malayo-Polynesian, South Halmahera-West New Guinea, and Oceanic. The major focus, though, lies on Western Malayo-Polynesian languages. Some chapters investigate two of the largest languages in the region (Tagalog and different varieties of Malay), others study information-structural phenomena in small, underdescribed languages. The three overarching topics that are covered in this book are NP marking and reference tracking devices, syntactic structures and information-structural categories, and the interaction of information structure and prosody. Various data types build the basis for the different studies compiled in this book. Some chapters investigate written texts, such as modern novels (cf. Djenar's chapter on modern, standard Indonesian), or compare different text genres, such as, for example, oral narratives and translations of biblical narratives (cf. De Busser's chapter on Bunun). Most contributions, however, study natural spoken speech and make use of spoken corpora which have been compiled by the authors themselves. The volume comprises a number of different methods and theoretical frameworks. Two chapters make use of the Question Under Discussion approach, developed in formal semantics (cf. the chapters by Latrouite & Riester; Shiohara & Riester). Riesberg et al. apply the recently developed method of Rapid Prosody Transcription (RPT) to investigate native speakers' perception of prosodic prominences and boundaries in Papuan Malay. Other papers discuss theoretical consequences of their findings. Thus, for example, Himmelmann takes apart the most widespread framework for intonational phonology (ToBI) and argues that the analysis of Indonesian languages requires much simpler assumptions than the ones underlying the standard model. Arka & Sedeng ask the question how fine-grained information structure space should be conceptualized and modelled, e.g. in LFG. Schnell argues that elements that could be analysed as "topic" and "focus" categories, should better be described in terms of 'packaging' and do not necessarily reflect any pragmatic roles in the first place. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

The size of things I

Author : Zheng Shen
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961103208
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis The size of things I by : Zheng Shen

Download or read book The size of things I written by Zheng Shen and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the role size plays in grammar. Under the umbrella term size fall the size of syntactic projections, the size of feature content, and the size of reference sets. The contributions in this first volume discuss size and structure building. The most productive research program in syntax where size plays a central role revolves around clausal complements. Part 1 of Volume I contributes to this program with papers that argue for particular structures of clausal complements, as well as papers that employ sizes of clausal complements to account for other phenomena. The papers in Part 2 of this volume explore the interaction between size and structure building beyond clausal complements, including phenomena in CP, vP, and NP domains. The contributions cover a variety of languages, many of which are understudied. The book is complemented by Volume II which discusses size effects in movement, agreement, and interpretation.

Language, Science, and Structure

Author : Ryan M. Nefdt
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019765309X
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Science, and Structure by : Ryan M. Nefdt

Download or read book Language, Science, and Structure written by Ryan M. Nefdt and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-04-28 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is a language? What do scientific grammars tell us about the structure of individual languages and human language in general? What kind of science is linguistics? These and other questions are the subject of Ryan M. Nefdt's Language, Science, and Structure. Linguistics presents a unique and challenging subject matter for the philosophy of science. As a special science, its formalisation and naturalisation inspired what many consider to be a scientific revolution in the study of mind and language. Yet radical internal theory change, multiple competing frameworks, and issues of modelling and realism have largely gone unaddressed in the field. Nefdt develops a structural realist perspective on the philosophy of linguistics which aims to confront the aforementioned topics in new ways while expanding the outlook toward new scientific connections and novel philosophical insights. On this view, languages are real patterns which emerge from complex biological systems. Nefdt's exploration of this novel view will be especially valuable to those working in formal and computational linguistics, cognitive science, and the philosophies of science, mathematics, and language.

Sound structure and sound change

Author : Rebecca L. Morley
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3985540756
Total Pages : 121 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis Sound structure and sound change by : Rebecca L. Morley

Download or read book Sound structure and sound change written by Rebecca L. Morley and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2023-07-17 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research in linguistics, as in most other scientific domains, is usually approached in a modular way – narrowing the domain of inquiry in order to allow for increased depth of study. This is necessary and productive for a topic as wide-ranging and complex as human language. However, precisely because language is a complex system, tied to perception, learning, memory, and social organization, the assumption of modularity can also be an obstacle to understanding language at a deeper level. This book examines the consequences of enforcing non-modularity along two dimensions: the temporal, and the cognitive. Along the temporal dimension, synchronic and diachronic domains are linked by the requirement that sound changes must lead to viable, stable language states. Along the cognitive dimension, sound change and variation are linked to speech perception and production by requiring non-trivial transformations between acoustic and articulatory representations. The methodological focus of this work is on computational modeling. By formalising and implementing theoretical accounts, modeling can expose theoretical gaps and covert assumptions. To do so, it is necessary to formally assess the functional equivalence of specific implementational choices, as well as their mapping to theoretical structures. This book applies this analytic approach to a series of implemented models of sound change. As theoretical inconsistencies are discovered, possible solutions are proposed, incrementally constructing a set of sufficient properties for a working model. Because internal theoretical consistency is enforced, this model corresponds to an explanatorily adequate theory. And because explicit links between modules are required, this is a theory, not only of sound change, but of many aspects of phonological competence. The book highlights two aspects of modeling work that receive relatively little attention: the formal mapping from model to theory, and the scalability of demonstration models. Focusing on these aspects of modeling makes it clear that any theory of sound change in the specific is impossible without a more general theory of language: of the relationship between perception and production, the relationship between phonetics and phonology, the learning of linguistic units, and the nature of underlying representations. Theories of sound change that do not explicitly address these aspects of language are making tacit, untested assumptions about their properties. Addressing so many aspects of language may seem to complicate the linguist's task. However, as this book shows, it actually helps impose boundary conditions of ecological validity that reduce the theoretical search space.

Structure Discovery in Natural Language

Author : Chris Biemann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642259235
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Structure Discovery in Natural Language by : Chris Biemann

Download or read book Structure Discovery in Natural Language written by Chris Biemann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current language technology is dominated by approaches that either enumerate a large set of rules, or are focused on a large amount of manually labelled data. The creation of both is time-consuming and expensive, which is commonly thought to be the reason why automated natural language understanding has still not made its way into “real-life” applications yet. This book sets an ambitious goal: to shift the development of language processing systems to a much more automated setting than previous works. A new approach is defined: what if computers analysed large samples of language data on their own, identifying structural regularities that perform the necessary abstractions and generalisations in order to better understand language in the process? After defining the framework of Structure Discovery and shedding light on the nature and the graphic structure of natural language data, several procedures are described that do exactly this: let the computer discover structures without supervision in order to boost the performance of language technology applications. Here, multilingual documents are sorted by language, word classes are identified, and semantic ambiguities are discovered and resolved without using a dictionary or other explicit human input. The book concludes with an outlook on the possibilities implied by this paradigm and sets the methods in perspective to human computer interaction. The target audience are academics on all levels (undergraduate and graduate students, lecturers and professors) working in the fields of natural language processing and computational linguistics, as well as natural language engineers who are seeking to improve their systems.

Highly Complex Syllable Structure

Author : Shelece Easterday
Publisher : Saint Philip Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781013294563
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (945 download)

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Book Synopsis Highly Complex Syllable Structure by : Shelece Easterday

Download or read book Highly Complex Syllable Structure written by Shelece Easterday and published by Saint Philip Street Press. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The syllable is a natural unit of organization in spoken language whose strongest cross-linguistic patterns are often explained in terms of a universal preference for the CV structure. Syllable patterns involving long sequences of consonants are both typologically rare and theoretically marginalized, with few approaches treating these as natural or unproblematic structures. This book is an investigation of the properties of languages with highly complex syllable patterns. The two aims are (i) to establish whether these languages share other linguistic features in common such that they constitute a distinct linguistic type, and (ii) to identify possible diachronic paths and natural mechanisms by which these patterns come about in the history of a language. These issues are investigated in a diversified sample of 100 languages, 25 of which have highly complex syllable patterns. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

Syntactic Structures

Author : Noam Chomsky
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3112316002
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (123 download)

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Book Synopsis Syntactic Structures by : Noam Chomsky

Download or read book Syntactic Structures written by Noam Chomsky and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-05-18 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No detailed description available for "Syntactic Structures".

Conceptual Structure, Discourse and Language

Author : Adele E. Goldberg
Publisher : Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications
ISBN 13 : 9781575860411
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Conceptual Structure, Discourse and Language by : Adele E. Goldberg

Download or read book Conceptual Structure, Discourse and Language written by Adele E. Goldberg and published by Center for the Study of Language and Information Publications. This book was released on 1996-06-13 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papers is the result of the first Conceptual Structure, Discourse and Language conference (CSDL) held at the University of California, San Diego. The conference brought together researchers from both 'Cognitive' and 'Functional' approaches to linguistics. The papers in this volume span a variety of topics, but the common thread running through them is the claim that semantics and discourse properties are fundamental to the understanding of language. The themes presented in the volume include an emphasis on the dynamic nature of language, the relevance of a notion of viewpoint in grammatical analysis, the role and nature of metaphor and cognitive blend, the possibility of non-derivational ways to capture relationships among constructions and the importance of lexical semantics. This volume will appeal to a wide range of linguists, echoing the theme of the conference - bringing together two diverse approaches to linguistics.

Modeling Information Structure in a Cross-linguistic Perspective

Author : Sanghoun Song
Publisher : Saint Philip Street Press
ISBN 13 : 9781013289606
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Information Structure in a Cross-linguistic Perspective by : Sanghoun Song

Download or read book Modeling Information Structure in a Cross-linguistic Perspective written by Sanghoun Song and published by Saint Philip Street Press. This book was released on 2020-10-09 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study makes substantial contributions to both the theoretical and computational treatment of information structure, with a specific focus on creating natural language processing applications such as multilingual machine translation systems. The present study first provides cross-linguistic findings in regards to information structure meanings and markings. Building upon such findings, the current model represents information structure within the HPSG/MRS framework using Individual Constraints. The primary goal of the present study is to create a multilingual grammar model of information structure for the LinGO Grammar Matrix system. The present study explores the construction of a grammar library for creating customized grammar incorporating information structure and illustrates how the information structure-based model improves performance of transfer-based machine translation. This work was published by Saint Philip Street Press pursuant to a Creative Commons license permitting commercial use. All rights not granted by the work's license are retained by the author or authors.

The Structure of Language

Author : Emma L. Pavey
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139488694
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Structure of Language by : Emma L. Pavey

Download or read book The Structure of Language written by Emma L. Pavey and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-08-19 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the time we communicate using language without considering the complex activity we are undertaking, forming words and sentences in a split second. This book introduces the analysis of language structure, combining both description and theory within a single, practical text. It begins by examining words and parts of words, and then looks at how words work together to form sentences that communicate meaning. Sentence patterns across languages are also studied, looking at the similarities and the differences we find in how languages communicate meaning. The book also discusses how context can affect how we structure our sentences: the context of a particular language and its structures, the context of old and new information for us and our addressee(s), and the context of our culture.

Language Sound and Structure

Author : Mark Aronoff
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
ISBN 13 : 9780262511742
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Sound and Structure by : Mark Aronoff

Download or read book Language Sound and Structure written by Mark Aronoff and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 2003-02-01 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These eighteen original essays pay tribute to Morris Halle, Institute Professor of Linguistics and Philosophy at MIT. Halle's impact on the study of language has been enormous; he and his students represent a continuous and coherent tradition which is unique in modern linguistics. Although they range from poetry to phonetics, the contributions share the common method of formal phonological analysis which reflects Halle's own work. With the exception of Roman Jakobson, his teacher, all of the contributors are Morris Halle's PhD students.Contributors include Roman Jakobson, Samuel J. Keyser, Paul Kiparsky, Sanford A. Schane, Arnold M. Zwicky, James W. Harris, Stephen R. Anderson, Elisabeth Selkirk, William R. Leben, Shosuke Haraguchi, Mark Liberman, Janet Pierrehumbert, Alan S. Prince, John Goldsmith, Jill Carrier Duncan, Joan Mascaro, John J. McCarthy, Bruce Hayes, Rochelle Lieber, and Moira Yip.

Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2018

Author : Andreas Blümel
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3985540187
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (855 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2018 by : Andreas Blümel

Download or read book Advances in formal Slavic linguistics 2018 written by Andreas Blümel and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-09-09 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Formal Slavic Linguistics 2018 offers a selection of articles that were prepared on the basis of talks presented at the conference Formal Description of Slavic Languages (FDSL 13) or at the parallel Workshop on the Semantics of Noun Phrases, which were held on December 5–7, 2018, at the University of Göttingen. The volume covers a wide array of topics, such as situation relativization with adverbial clauses (causation, concession, counterfactuality, condition, and purpose), clause-embedding by means of a correlate, agreeing vs. transitive ‘need’ constructions, clitic doubling, affixation and aspect, evidentiality and mirativity, pragmatics coming with the particle li, uniqueness, definiteness, maximal interpretation (exhaustivity), kinds and subkinds, bare nominals, multiple determination, quantification, demonstratives, possessives, complex measure nouns, and the NP/DP parameter. The set of object languages comprises Russian, Czech, Polish, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian, and Torlak Serbian. The numerous topics addressed demonstrate the importance of Slavic linguistics. The original analyses prove that substantial progress has been made in major fields of research.

Utterance structure in initial L2 acquisition

Author : Jacopo Saturno
Publisher : Language Science Press
ISBN 13 : 3961102619
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Utterance structure in initial L2 acquisition by : Jacopo Saturno

Download or read book Utterance structure in initial L2 acquisition written by Jacopo Saturno and published by Language Science Press. This book was released on with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is devoted to morphosyntactic processing in the earliest stages of L2 Polish. The target structure taken into consideration is the morphosyntactic opposition between the nominative and accusative case, respectively corresponding to the subject and object function. This is the first book-length work devoted to the VILLA project, a large multi-national initiative within which 90 adult learners took part in a first-exposure, 14-hour Polish course under controlled input conditions. As participants had never been exposed to Polish or other Slavic languages, the experiment portrays the very first contact with a completely new target language; moreover, since the learners were evenly distributed among five L1 groups, L1 interference can also be investigated in depth. In addition to an in-depth analysis of the effect of input properties on morpho-syntactic processing, the book discusses sensitive methodological points such as the role of semantics in semi-spontaneous production as well as the impact of elicitation techniques.