Labor Markets In Regional Trade Agreements

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Labor Markets in Regional Trade Agreements

Author : Jaime De Melo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (858 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Markets in Regional Trade Agreements by : Jaime De Melo

Download or read book Labor Markets in Regional Trade Agreements written by Jaime De Melo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization has failed to relax barriers to the movement of labor, especially unskilled workers. So have North-South Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs), while South-South RTAs have failed to implement good intentions. A literature review of the labor effects of RTAs underscores context specificity precluding generalizations across categories of RTAs. Most ex-ante studies have focused on global welfare effects rather than anticipated labor market effects while ex-post studies have had difficulty isolating any direct effects attributable to implementation of the RTA because of confounding effects as illustrated by a discussion of the wage puzzle in Mexico under NAFTA. The survey reviews labor market and wage results from ex-ante CGE estimates and ex-post household-based econometric estimates. A review of the response of manufacturing firms and plants to the large reductions in tariffs under CUSFTA, MERCOSUR, and NAFTA reveal significant adjustments. Under CUSTTA, in Canadian manufacturing short-run employment losses were large while productivity gains were equally large and the market access to the US led Canadian firms in the bottom of the distribution of labor productivity to engage in investment in technology upgrading. In MERCOSUR and NAFTA, an upgrading in technology was also observed among the firms that were led to enter (or to increase) their exports to RTA partners (Brazil for Argentine firms and the US for Mexican firms). These firms also increased their demand for skilled labor suggesting that the FTA contributed to an increase in the skill premium.

Let Workers Move

Author : Sebastián Sáez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821399152
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Let Workers Move by : Sebastián Sáez

Download or read book Let Workers Move written by Sebastián Sáez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The temporary movement of labor is one mode of delivering services across borders. Unlike the movement of capital, and despite significant returns to mobility, labor movement remains highly restricted and politically sensitive. To circumvent this problem, the use of bilateral labor agreements (BLAs) may serve as a potential complementary means of increasing temporary labor mobility, particularly among workers in the services sector. BLAs are generally not part of trade agreements, nor are they designed to promote services exports by the sending country, although they could be used to do so. Let Workers Move: Using Bilateral Labor Agreements to Increase Trade in Services assesses what has been achieved so far in trade agreements in terms of the temporary movement of services providers and explores how BLAs might allow countries--especially developing countries--to focus on the temporary movement of very specific categories of workers, such as computer programmers or electricians within the construction sector. It also reviews case studies from Europe, North America, the Caribbean, and the Pacific to examine the viability and performance of BLAs as a complement to other efforts to liberalize the temporary movement of people. This book will be useful to policymakers interested in expanding opportunities for services trade, academics in developing countries interested in trade as a development tool, and experts involved in trade negotiations. The questions raised in Let Workers Move will motivate new research and guide the analysis of economic policy on services trade in terms of its interaction with the temporary movement of people.

The North American Free Trade Agreement

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Trade, and Environment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The North American Free Trade Agreement by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Trade, and Environment

Download or read book The North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Foreign Affairs. Subcommittee on Economic Policy, Trade, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819734
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

Download or read book Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-26 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), trade liberalization measures have coincided with stable economic growth, and GDP per capita growth has surpassed that of other developing regions. However, MENA's labor-market outcomes--such as average wage levels, informality rate, and female labor force participation--continue to underperform. Why has rising trade failed to produce better labor market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries in the region? 'Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa' focuses on the impact of trade policy on trade-flows and their relationship with local labor market outcomes in three low- and middle-income countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Given their idiosyncratic labor markets, export diversification, and trade policy history, these three countries other important lessons for economic development in the region. Policy makers and stakeholders can use these findings to design policies to improve the chances that higher trade flows will deliver better labor market outcomes and ensure that the benefits are more equally shared. 'This report, led by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and Raymond Robertson, pushes forward the frontier of knowledge about the relationship between trade and the labor market in MENA. Although focusing on three countries (the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia), it gives us broader lessons on how to solve the apparent puzzle of greater exposure to trade not being followed by greater labor market outcomes in the region. It points out, among other factors, how market segmentation by gender shapes the effects of trade shocks like higher exports. Policy makers in the region will definitely benefit from the evidence and analysis conveyed by the report on how to turn trade integration into a lever for shared prosperity.' --Otaviano Canuto, Senior Fellow at the Policy Center for the New South, and former Vice President of the World Bank 'This timely report attempts to understand why trade expansion did not produce the desired improvements in labor market outcomes in three non-oil-exporting countries in MENA. The main reason for the weak link between trade expansion and widely shared labor market improvements appears to be the segmented nature of labor markets in the three countries, by gender as well as by formality status. In Morocco and Tunisia, the highly segmented labor markets along gender lines, in combination with the concentration of trade in male-dominated capital-intensive sectors, led to few employment benefits accruing to women. In Egypt, the limited impact of trade on formal employment is attributable to the small size of the nation’s export sector and its lack of integration with the rest of the economy. These findings are critical to understanding how barriers to widely shared prosperity can be tackled in the region.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota

The Employment Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement

Author : United States. National Commission for Employment Policy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Employment Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement by : United States. National Commission for Employment Policy

Download or read book The Employment Effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement written by United States. National Commission for Employment Policy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scottish psychiatrist R.D. Laing gained a reputation in the late 60's for his radical objection to conventional psychiatry. After 35 years of professional pracice, he agreed to be videotaped in public lectures and private conversations.

Is International Trade Always Beneficial to Labor Markets?

Author : Raymond Robertson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)

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Book Synopsis Is International Trade Always Beneficial to Labor Markets? by : Raymond Robertson

Download or read book Is International Trade Always Beneficial to Labor Markets? written by Raymond Robertson and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Egypt's industries heavily rely on imported goods for production. Thus, an increase in imports could have a potentially positive effect on the labor market as it means more inputs for the production of exporting goods. Alternatively, minimal backward linkages in global value chains (GVCs) could also mean that increasing imports substitute for domestic production and thus, lost employment opportunities. This paper evaluates the relationship between regional trade agreements using a gravity model and import flows to test whether rising imports impacted wages, informality, and female labor force participation using the Bartik (1991) approach. Our results suggest that imports are not to blame for disappointing labor market outcomes in Egypt.

Child Labor Standards in Regional Trade Agreements

Author : Ryan M. Abman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Child Labor Standards in Regional Trade Agreements by : Ryan M. Abman

Download or read book Child Labor Standards in Regional Trade Agreements written by Ryan M. Abman and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study the impact of child labor standards in Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) on a variety of child labor market outcomes, including employment, education, and household inequality. We develop a stylized general equilibrium model of child labor in an economy open to international trade and consider the impact of RTAs with and without child labor bans. We empirically investigate the effects of these clauses in trade agreements in a broad international panel of 101 developing countries using harmonized survey microdata. Exploiting quasi-experimental methods to obtain plausibly causal estimates, we find that RTAs without child-labor bans lead to reductions in child employment and increases in school enrollment, particularly for older children aged 14--17. Child labor bans in RTAs perversely increase child employment among 14--17 year olds and decrease school enrollment for both young and older children. These effects appear to decrease inter-household income inequality through increased child earnings. Our findings are consistent with theoretical predictions from our model and the literature on child labor bans.

Regional Trade Agreements and Shifts in Hegemony

Author : Brian P. Macfie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Trade Agreements and Shifts in Hegemony by : Brian P. Macfie

Download or read book Regional Trade Agreements and Shifts in Hegemony written by Brian P. Macfie and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Free Trade Agreements and Global Labour Governance

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 9780367542306
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Free Trade Agreements and Global Labour Governance by :

Download or read book Free Trade Agreements and Global Labour Governance written by and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the contentious relationship between trade and labour, this book looks at the impact of the EU's 'new generation' free trade agreements on workers. Drawing upon extensive original research, it considers the effectiveness of the trade-labour linkage in an era of global value chains.

Unions and Free Trade

Author : Kim Moody
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Unions and Free Trade by : Kim Moody

Download or read book Unions and Free Trade written by Kim Moody and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Trade and Labour Market Performance

Author : Alessandro Turrini
Publisher : United Nations Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis International Trade and Labour Market Performance by : Alessandro Turrini

Download or read book International Trade and Labour Market Performance written by Alessandro Turrini and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper summarizes the results of recent research into the effects of international trade on labor demand highlighting three areas which may require further investigation. These areas being: the relationship between labor market variables and trade policy measures, the issue of trade and labor market outcomes from a consistent cross-country perspective, and finally, the role of labor market institutions and production internalization.

Free Trade and Transnational Labour

Author : Andreas Bieler
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317678656
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Free Trade and Transnational Labour by : Andreas Bieler

Download or read book Free Trade and Transnational Labour written by Andreas Bieler and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resistance against free trade agreements based on an expanded trade agenda, including issues related to intellectual property rights, trade in services and trade-related investment measures, has increased since the demonstrations at the WTO ministerial conference in Seattle in 1999. While the WTO Doha negotiations have broken down, the EU and USA are increasingly engaged in bilateral free trade agreements, building on this expanded trade agenda. Free trade strategies have increasingly become a problem for the international labour movement. While trade unions in the North, especially in manufacturing, have supported free trade agreements to secure export markets for their companies, trade unions in the Global South oppose these agreements, since they often imply deindustrialisation. The purpose of this volume is to understand better these dynamics underlying free trade policy-making. Academics, trade union researchers and social movement activists analyse these issues in detail in order to explore possibilities for transnational labour solidarity. This book was published as a special issue of Globalizations.

Making Sense of Anti-trade Sentiment

Author : R. White
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137373253
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Sense of Anti-trade Sentiment by : R. White

Download or read book Making Sense of Anti-trade Sentiment written by R. White and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-24 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the extent to which trade adversely affects domestic workers, Making Sense of Anti-Trade Sentiment documents statistical relationships between exports and imports and domestic employment/wages.

The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements

Author : Jagdish N. Bhagwati
Publisher : American Enterprise Institute Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements by : Jagdish N. Bhagwati

Download or read book The Economics of Preferential Trade Agreements written by Jagdish N. Bhagwati and published by American Enterprise Institute Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Essays in this volume were presented originally at a conference organized jointly by the American Enterprise Institute, Washington, D.C., and the Center for International Economics at the University of Maryland at College Park on June 12-13, 1996"--Pref. Includes bibliographical references and index.

The Future of Trade

Author : David A. Gantz
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781035315413
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future of Trade by : David A. Gantz

Download or read book The Future of Trade written by David A. Gantz and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-12-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This critical book assesses the current trade policy challenges facing the US and offers a series of recommendations which, if implemented, have the potential to improve both US domestic trade policy and international foreign policy. Focusing on the reform of the WTO, the implementation of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement and the continuing rivalry between the US and China, The Future of Trade crucially advances the ongoing dialogue between US governments and stakeholders. This timely analysis proposes a clear, dynamic and comprehensive series of recommendations through an interdisciplinary approach analysing law, economics and public policy in relation to the US home economy and its position in the global economic order. Chapters propose key suggestions, including rebuilding support for an open trading system; fostering integration between the United States, Canada and Mexico; and a restructuring of the WTO to create an equal system for all members. As many world powers retreat from globalisation, David A. Gantz and Tony Payan argue that the US faces long-term challenges which will require effective non-controversial policy at both a national and international level. An invaluable resource for public policy, law, and politics scholars, particularly those focusing on trade policy, this comprehensive book will also be of crucial benefit to US government officials in trade bureaucracy, foreign officials, and members of State and Congress in the department of trade.

Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements

Author : Aaditya Mattoo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464815542
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements by : Aaditya Mattoo

Download or read book Handbook of Deep Trade Agreements written by Aaditya Mattoo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-09-23 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deep trade agreements (DTAs) cover not just trade but additional policy areas, such as international flows of investment and labor and the protection of intellectual property rights and the environment. Their goal is integration beyond trade or deep integration. These agreements matter for economic development. Their rules influence how countries (and hence, the people and firms that live and operate within them) transact, invest, work, and ultimately, develop. Trade and investment regimes determine the extent of economic integration, competition rules affect economic efficiency, intellectual property rights matter for innovation, and environmental and labor rules contribute to environmental and social outcomes. This Handbook provides the tools and data needed to analyze these new dimensions of integration and to assess the content and consequences of DTAs. The Handbook and the accompanying database are the result of collaboration between experts in different policy areas from academia and other international organizations, including the International Trade Centre (ITC), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and World Trade Organization (WTO).

NAFTA as a Model of Development

Author : Richard S. Belous
Publisher : SUNY Press
ISBN 13 : 9780791425695
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (256 download)

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Book Synopsis NAFTA as a Model of Development by : Richard S. Belous

Download or read book NAFTA as a Model of Development written by Richard S. Belous and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines whether NAFTA will produce increased or decreased wages in the regional trading blocs emerging in Europe, North America, and East Asia as a result of its uniting of high and low wage areas and identifies the winners and losers in various labor markets.