Issues In The Integration Of Research And Operational Satellite Systems For Climate Research

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Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309183819
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (838 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-01-10 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the second of two Space Studies Board reports that address the complex issue of incorporating the needs of climate research into the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). NPOESS, which has been driven by the imperative of reliably providing short-term weather information, is itself a union of heretofore separate civilian and military programs. It is a marriage of convenience to eliminate needless duplication and reduce cost, one that appears to be working. The same considerations of expediency and economy motivate the present attempts to add to NPOESS the goals of climate research. The technical complexities of combining seemingly disparate requirements are accompanied by the programmatic complexities of forging further connections among three different agencies, with different mandates, cultures, and congressional appropriators. Yet the stakes are very high, and each agency gains significantly by finding ways to cooperate, as do the taxpayers. Beyond cost savings, benefits include the possibility that long-term climate observations will reveal new phenomena of interest to weather forecasters, as happened with the El Niño/Southern Oscillation. Conversely, climate researchers can often make good use of operational data. Necessity is the mother of invention, and the needs of all the parties involved in NPOESS should conspire to foster creative solutions to make this effort work. Although it has often been said that research and operational requirements are incommensurate, this report and the phase one report (Science and Design) accentuate the degree to which they are complementary and could be made compatible. The reports provide guidelines for achieving the desired integration to the mutual benefit of all parties. Although a significant level of commitment will be needed to surmount the very real technical and programmatic impediments, the public interest would be well served by a positive outcome.

Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069858
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research by : National Research Council

Download or read book Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the Departments of Defense (DOD) and Commerce (DOC) acquire and operate separate polarorbiting environmental satellite systems that collect data needed for military and civil weather forecasting. The National Performance Review (NPR) and subsequent Presidential Decision Directive (PDD), directed the DOD (Air Force) and the DOC (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA) to establish a converged national weather satellite program that would meet U.S. civil and national security requirements and fulfill international obligations. NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS), and potentially other NASA programs, were included in the converged program to provide new remote sensing and spacecraft technologies that could improve the operational capabilities of the converged system. The program that followed, called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS), combined the follow-on to the DOD's Defense Meteorological Satellite Program and the DOC's Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) program. The tri-agency Integrated Program Office (IPO) for NPOESS was subsequently established to manage the acquisition and operations of the converged satellite. Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research analyzes issues related to the integration of EOS and NPOESS, especially as they affect research and monitoring activities related to Earth's climate and whether it is changing.

Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research

Author : Committee on Earth Studies
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309076579
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (765 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research by : Committee on Earth Studies

Download or read book Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research written by Committee on Earth Studies and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-09-22 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, the Departments of Defense (DOD) and Commerce (DOC) acquire and operate separate polarorbiting environmental satellite systems that collect data needed for military and civil weather forecasting. The National Performance Review (NPR) and subsequent Presidential Decision Directive (PDD), directed the DOD (Air Force) and the DOC (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA) to establish a converged national weather satellite program that would meet U.S. civil and national security requirements and fulfill international obligations. NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS), and potentially other NASA programs, were included in the converged program to provide new remote sensing and spacecraft technologies that could improve the operational capabilities of the converged system. The program that followed, called the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS), combined the follow-on to the DOD's Defense Meteorological Satellite Program and the DOC's Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) program. The tri-agency Integrated Program Office (IPO) for NPOESS was subsequently established to manage the acquisition and operations of the converged satellite. Issues in the Integration of Research and Operational Satellite Systems for Climate Research analyzes issues related to the integration of EOS and NPOESS, especially as they affect research and monitoring activities related to Earth's climate and whether it is changing.

Utilization of Operational Environmental Satellite Data

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309092353
Total Pages : 187 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Utilization of Operational Environmental Satellite Data by : National Research Council

Download or read book Utilization of Operational Environmental Satellite Data written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-21 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The system of satellites in place to provide environmental data-data to monitor events such as forest fires and floods; to make weather predictions; and to assess crops, transportation impacts, fisheries, land-use patterns, sea temperature, and soil moisture, among other things- serves a wide and growing array of users. In the coming years as the next generation of operational environmental satellites in put in orbit, the will be a large expansion in data availability. To ensure that these data serve effectively this broad user community, a new vision for the future of operational environmental satellite data utilization is needed. To help develop approaches for handling this potential data overload, NASA, with technical support from NOAA, asked the NRC to conduct an end-to-end review of issues about the utilization of operational environmental satellite data for 2010 and beyond. This report presents the result of that review. It focuses on ensuring the value of environmental satellite data for addressing specific user needs, distribution of such data, and data access and utilization.

Highlights in Space

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Highlights in Space by :

Download or read book Highlights in Space written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Satellite Observations of the Earth's Environment

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030908749X
Total Pages : 182 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Satellite Observations of the Earth's Environment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Satellite Observations of the Earth's Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-07-03 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report addresses the transition of research satellites, instruments, and calculations into operational service for accurately observing and predicting the Earth's environment. These transitions, which take place in large part between NASA and NOAA, are important for maintaining the health, safety, and prosperity of the nation, and for achieving the vision of an Earth Information System in which quantitative information about the complete Earth system is readily available to myriad users. Many transitions have been ad hoc, sometimes taking several years or even decades to occur, and others have encountered roadblocksâ€"lack of long-range planning, resources, institutional or cultural differences, for instanceâ€"and never reached fruition. Satellite Observations of Earth's Environment recommends new structures and methods that will allow seamless transitions from research to practice.

Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309178002
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft by : National Research Council

Download or read book Ensuring the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-08-25 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2000, the nation's next-generation National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) program anticipated purchasing six satellites for $6.5 billion, with a first launch in 2008. By November 2005, however, it became apparent that NPOESS would overrun its cost estimates by at least 25 percent. In June 2006, the planned acquisition of six spacecraft was reduced to four, the launch of the first spacecraft was delayed until 2013, and several sensors were canceled or descoped in capability. Based on information gathered at a June 2007 workshop, "Options to Ensure the Climate Record from the NPOESS and GOES-R Spacecraft," this book prioritizes capabilities, especially those related to climate research, that were lost or placed at risk following the 2006 changes. This book presents and recommends a prioritized, short-term strategy for recovery of crucial climate capabilities lost in the NPOESS and GOES-R program descopes. However, mitigation of these recent losses is only the first step in establishing a viable long-term climate strategy-one that builds on the lessons learned from the well-intentioned but poorly executed merger of the nation's weather and climate observation systems.

Earth Science and Applications from Space

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309103879
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Earth Science and Applications from Space by : National Research Council

Download or read book Earth Science and Applications from Space written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-10-01 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and human-induced changes in Earth's interior, land surface, biosphere, atmosphere, and oceans affect all aspects of life. Understanding these changes requires a range of observations acquired from land-, sea-, air-, and space-based platforms. To assist NASA, NOAA, and USGS in developing these tools, the NRC was asked to carry out a "decadal strategy" survey of Earth science and applications from space that would develop the key scientific questions on which to focus Earth and environmental observations in the period 2005-2015 and beyond, and present a prioritized list of space programs, missions, and supporting activities to address these questions. This report presents a vision for the Earth science program; an analysis of the existing Earth Observing System and recommendations to help restore its capabilities; an assessment of and recommendations for new observations and missions for the next decade; an examination of and recommendations for effective application of those observations; and an analysis of how best to sustain that observation and applications system.

Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069769
Total Pages : 103 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-31 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions addresses fundamental issues of mission architecture in the nation's scientific space program and responds to the FY99 Senate conference report, which requested that NASA commission a study to assess the strengths and weaknesses of small, medium, and large missions. This report evaluates the general strengths and weaknesses of small, medium, and large missions in terms of their potential scientific productivity, responsiveness to evolving opportunities, ability to take advantage of technological progress, and other factors that may be identified during the study; identifies which elements of the SSB and NASA science strategies will require medium or large missions to accomplish high-priority science objectives; and recommends general principles or criteria for evaluating the mix of mission sizes in Earth and space science programs. Assessment of Mission Size Trade-offs for NASA's Earth and Space Science Missions considers not only scientific, technological, and cost trade-offs, but also institutional and structural issues pertaining to the vigor of the research community, government-industry university partnerships, graduate student training, and the like.

Space Studies Board Annual Report 2009

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154650
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Studies Board Annual Report 2009 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Space Studies Board Annual Report 2009 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-01-01 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Space Studies Board (SSB) was established in 1958 to serve as the focus of the interests and responsibilities in space research for the National Academies. The SSB provides an independent, authoritative forum for information and advice on all aspects of space science and applications, and it serves as the focal point within the National Academies for activities on space research. It oversees advisory studies and program assessments, facilitates international research coordination, and promotes communications on space science and science policy between the research community, the federal government, and the interested public. The SSB also serves as the U.S. National Committee for the International Council for Science Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). The present volume reviews the organization, activities, and reports of the SSB for the year 2009.

Space Studies Board Annual Report 2017

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030947762X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Studies Board Annual Report 2017 by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Space Studies Board Annual Report 2017 written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, three months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2017 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, David N. Spergel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.

Space Studies Board Annual Report 2014

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309368049
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Studies Board Annual Report 2014 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Space Studies Board Annual Report 2014 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, 3 months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2014 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, David N. Spergel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Research Council units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.

Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309302862
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-04-09 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The original charter of the Space Science Board was established in June 1958, 3 months before the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) opened its doors. The Space Science Board and its successor, the Space Studies Board (SSB), have provided expert external and independent scientific and programmatic advice to NASA on a continuous basis from NASA's inception until the present. The SSB has also provided such advice to other executive branch agencies, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Science Foundation (NSF), the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the Department of Defense, as well as to Congress. Space Studies Board Annual Report 2013 covers a message from the chair of the SSB, Charles F. Kennel. This report also explains the origins of the Space Science Board, how the Space Studies Board functions today, the SSB's collaboration with other National Research Council units, assures the quality of the SSB reports, acknowledges the audience and sponsors, and expresses the necessity to enhance the outreach and improve dissemination of SSB reports. This report will be relevant to a full range of government audiences in civilian space research - including NASA, NSF, NOAA, USGS, and the Department of Energy, as well members of the SSB, policy makers, and researchers.

Space Studies Board Annual Report 2010

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309217857
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Space Studies Board Annual Report 2010 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Space Studies Board Annual Report 2010 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Space Studies Board (SSB) was established in 1958 to serve as the focus of the interests and responsibilities in space research for the National Academies. The SSB provides an independent, authoritative forum for information and advice on all aspects of space science and applications, and it serves as the focal point within the National Academies for activities on space research. It oversees advisory studies and program assessments, facilitates international research coordination, and promotes communications on space science and science policy between the research community, the federal government, and the interested public. The SSB also serves as the U.S. National Committee for the International Council for Science Committee on Space Research (COSPAR). This volume reviews the organization, activities, and reports of the SSB for the year 2010.

Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309086396
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Directions in Microgravity and Physical Sciences Research at NASA written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-07-11 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For thirty years the NASA microgravity program has used space as a tool to study fundamental flow phenomena that are important to fields ranging from combustion science to biotechnology. This book assesses the past impact and current status of microgravity research programs in combustion, fluid dynamics, fundamental physics, and materials science and gives recommendations for promising topics of future research in each discipline. Guidance is given for setting priorities across disciplines by assessing each recommended topic in terms of the probability of its success and the magnitude of its potential impact on scientific knowledge and understanding; terrestrial applications and industry technology needs; and NASA technology needs. At NASA's request, the book also contains an examination of emerging research fields such as nanotechnology and biophysics, and makes recommendations regarding topics that might be suitable for integration into NASA's microgravity program.

Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309167930
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities by : National Research Council

Download or read book Assessment of Mars Science and Mission Priorities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-07-08 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the Office of Space Science of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) special importance is attached to exploration of the planet Mars, because it is the most like Earth of the planets in the solar system and the place where the first detection of extraterrestrial life seems most likely to be made. The failures in 1999 of two NASA missions-Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander-caused the space agency's program of Mars exploration to be systematically rethought, both technologically and scientifically. A new Mars Exploration Program plan (summarized in Appendix A) was announced in October 2000. The Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration (COMPLEX), a standing committee of the Space Studies Board of the National Research Council, was asked to examine the scientific content of this new program. This goals of this report are the following: -Review the state of knowledge of the planet Mars, with special emphasis on findings of the most recent Mars missions and related research activities; -Review the most important Mars research opportunities in the immediate future; -Review scientific priorities for the exploration of Mars identified by COMPLEX (and other scientific advisory groups) and their motivation, and consider the degree to which recent discoveries suggest a reordering of priorities; and -Assess the congruence between NASA's evolving Mars Exploration Program plan and these recommended priorities, and suggest any adjustments that might be warranted.

Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309108268
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program by : National Research Council

Download or read book Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-28 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Climate Change Science Program (CCSP) coordinates the efforts of 13 federal agencies to understand why climate is changing, to improve predictions about how it will change in the future, and to use that information to assess impacts on human systems and ecosystems and to better support decision making. Evaluating Progress of the U.S. Climate Change Science Program is the first review of the CCSP's progress since the program was established in 2002. It lays out a method for evaluating the CCSP, and uses that method to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the entire program and to identify areas where progress has not met expectations. The committee found that the program has made good progress in documenting and understanding temperature trends and related environmental changes on a global scale, as well as in understanding the influence of human activities on these observed changes. The ability to predict future climate changes also has improved, but efforts to understand the impacts of such changes on society and analyze mitigation and adaptation strategies are still relatively immature. The program also has not met expectations in supporting decision making, studying regional impacts, and communicating with a wider group of stakeholders.