Investigation Of Regional Seismic Discrimination Issues For Small Or Decoupled Nuclear Explosions

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Investigation of Regional Seismic Discrimination Issues for Small Or Decoupled Nuclear Explosions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigation of Regional Seismic Discrimination Issues for Small Or Decoupled Nuclear Explosions by :

Download or read book Investigation of Regional Seismic Discrimination Issues for Small Or Decoupled Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goals of lowering the seismic threshold for underground nuclear explosions to magnitudes near 2.5 m sob o and extending the capability to other geographical regions will require utilization of regional stations for detection and identification. However, regional techniques have seldom been tested on small nuclear explosions. Therefore, S-CUBED is conducting a research program aimed at the identification problems associated with small or decoupled nuclear explosions near a low monitoring threshold (e.g. 1-kt fully decoupled or about 2.5 mb). Initial efforts have focused on using source scaling procedures to scale down records from larger explosions and produce representative seismograms at ARPA regional array stations. The scaled signals embedded in typical background noise at the station enable an assessment of capabilities for different regional signal analysis methods at the lower thresholds. Our preliminary findings are that useful far-regional signals from small or decoupled nuclear explosions may be constrained to very limited high-frequency bands, which may limit the capabilities of some regional detection and identification techniques.

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Seismic Event Discrimination and Identification

Author : William R. Walter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303488169X
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Seismic Event Discrimination and Identification by : William R. Walter

Download or read book Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Seismic Event Discrimination and Identification written by William R. Walter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-04-18 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center, and onsite inspections, to verify compliance. The problem of identifying small-magnitude banned nuclear tests and discriminating between such tests and the background of earthquakes and mining-related seismic events, is a challenging research problem. Because they emphasize CTBT verification research, the 12 papers in this special volume primarily addresses regional data recorded by a variety of arrays, broadband stations, and temporarily deployed stations. Nuclear explosions, earthquakes, mining-related explosions, mine collapses, single-charge and ripple-fired chemical explosions from Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America are all studied. While the primary emphasis is on short-period, body-wave discriminants and associated source and path corrections, research that focuses on long-period data recorded at regional and teleseismic distances is also presented Hence, these papers demonstrate how event identification research in support of CTBT monitoring has expanded in recent years to include a wide variety of event types, data types, geographic regions and statistical techniques.

Regional Seismic Discrimination Optimization With and Without Nuclear Test Data

Author : W. R. Walter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Seismic Discrimination Optimization With and Without Nuclear Test Data by : W. R. Walter

Download or read book Regional Seismic Discrimination Optimization With and Without Nuclear Test Data written by W. R. Walter and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The western U.S. has abundant natural seismicity, historic nuclear explosion data, and widespread mine blasts, making it a good testing ground to study the performance of regional source-type discrimination techniques. We have assembled and measured a large set of these events to systematically explore how to best optimize discrimination performance. Nuclear explosions can be discriminated from a background of earthquakes using regional phase (Pn, Pg, Sn, Lg) amplitude measures such as high frequency P/S ratios. The discrimination performance is improved if the amplitudes can be corrected for source size and path length effects. We show good results are achieved using earthquakes alone to calibrate for these effects with the MDAC technique (Walter and Taylor, 2001). We show significant further improvement is then possible by combining multiple MDAC amplitude ratios using an optimized weighting technique such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). However this requires data or models for both earthquakes and explosions. In many areas of the world regional distance nuclear explosion data is lacking, but mine blast data is available. Mine explosions are often designed to fracture and/or move rock, giving them different frequency and amplitude behavior than contained chemical shots, which seismically look like nuclear tests. Here we explore discrimination performance differences between explosion types, the possible disparity in the optimization parameters that would be chosen if only chemical explosions were available and the corresponding effect of that disparity on nuclear explosion discrimination. There are a variety of additional techniques in the literature also having the potential to improve regional high frequency P/S discrimination. We explore two of these here: three-component averaging and maximum phase amplitude measures. Typical discrimination studies use only the vertical component measures and for some historic regional nuclear records these are all that are available. However S-waves are often better recorded on the horizontal components and some studies have shown that using a three-component average or a vertical-P/horizontal-S or other three-component measure can improve discrimination over using the vertical alone (e.g. Kim et al. 1997; Bowers et al 2001). Here we compare the performance of vertical and three-component measures on the western U.S. test set. A complication in regional discrimination is the variation in P and S-wave propagation with region. The dominantly observed regional high frequency S-wave can vary with path between Sn and Lg in a spatially complex way. Since the relative lack of high frequency S-waves is the signature of an explosion, failing to account for this could lead to misidentifying an earthquake as an explosion. The regional P phases Pn and Pg vary similarly with path and also with distance, with Pg sometimes being a strong phase at near regional distances but not far regional. One way to try and handle these issues is to correct for all four regional phases but choose the phase with the maximum amplitude. A variation on this strategy is to always use Pn but choose the maximum S phase (e.g. Bottone et al. 2002). Here we compare the discrimination performance of several different (max P)/(max S) measures to vertical, three-component and multivariate measures. Our preliminary results show that multivariate measures perform much better than single ratios, though transportability of the LDA weights between regions is an issue. Also in our preliminary results, we do not find large discrimination performance improvements with three-component averages and maximum phase amplitude measures compared to using the vertical component alone.

Seismic Identification Analyses of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions

Author : John R. Murphy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Identification Analyses of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions by : John R. Murphy

Download or read book Seismic Identification Analyses of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions written by John R. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Discrimination Between NTS Explosions, Earthquakes and the Non-proliferation Experiment at the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility

Download Discrimination Between NTS Explosions, Earthquakes and the Non-proliferation Experiment at the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (682 download)

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Book Synopsis Discrimination Between NTS Explosions, Earthquakes and the Non-proliferation Experiment at the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility by :

Download or read book Discrimination Between NTS Explosions, Earthquakes and the Non-proliferation Experiment at the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the United States moves into an atmosphere of concern about the spread of nuclear weapons to non-nuclear countries, the focus on monitoring nuclear explosions is changing from looking at specific test sites and yields to looking for tests of large and small yields from anywhere in the world. Discrimination of small events then becomes important and regional seismic monitoring the best method to detect and identify suspicious events. At the Pinedale Seismic Research Facility (PSRF) in Wyoming we have the opportunity to try different regional discriminants with nuclear tests from NTS, western US (W-US) earthquakes and the Non-Proliferation Experiment (NPE). Four discriminants that gave the best results in a study by Taylor et al. were tried: m{sub b}:M{sub s}, M{sub b}:M{sub s}{sup h}, log(L{sub g}/P{sub g}) and spectral ratios. The different discriminants were applied to the data (14 NTS explosions, the NPE, one Department of Defense (DOB) explosion and 34 NWS earthquakes) regardless of signal-to-noise. When the NTS explosions and NPE were only compared to four earthquakes located on or near the Test Site, all the discriminants except log(L{sub g}/P{sub g}) worked fairly well at PSRF. When the other WUS earthquakes and DOD explosion are included, only m{sub b}:M{sub s} shows any promise. Because of frequent physical variations in the earth's crust, regional signals are complex and easily influenced by site and path characteristics. Looking at events from one specific area reduces the effects of the path, which is why three discriminants work well when the data set is restricted to events on or near NTS. The only discriminant not adversely affected from variations in path is m{sub b}:M{sub s}. This is probably because it is believed that source dimension, source time function and/or source mechanism is the cause for the differences between earthquakes and explosions with this discriminant, rather than any path effects.

Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions by :

Download or read book Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this report we describe some results of investigations on a problem of discrimination between nuclear explosions, chemical explosions and earthquakes, carried out in the Complex Seismological Expedition of the Joint Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Records of underground nuclear explosions from the Semipalatinsk test site, and from region the Pre-Caspian depression, and also records of nearby chemical explosions and earthquakes were processed. We analysed records of permanent and temporary stations, located mainly in the North Tien Shan, northern Kazakhstan and Urals regions. We studied the influence of regional conditions on the effectiveness of seismic monitoring of nuclear explosions. Various amplitude criteria of the discrimination between explosions and earthquakes are considered. We analyzed possibilities to discriminate different source types using spectral-temporal characteristics of seismograms. The nature of some wave types, recorded at region distances, is investigated. We consider possibilities of discrimination between nuclear and chemical explosions and earthquakes using analysis of characteristics of irregular waves. We outline future investigations, connected with the study of the unique set of seismograms kept in the CSE.

Regional Seismic Detection Analyses of Selected Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Seismic Detection Analyses of Selected Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosions by :

Download or read book Regional Seismic Detection Analyses of Selected Soviet Peaceful Nuclear Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismic detection of small, evasively tested underground nuclear explosions remain as a major challenge to effective verification of any eventual CTBT. Most seismic detection research reported to date has focused on analyses of regional seismic signals recorded from explosions at the few known nuclear weapons test sites and, consequently, represent only limited ranges of the source and propagation path conditions of potential monitoring interest. In this study, we analyze regional seismic data recorded at the Borovoye station in Central Asia from a selected group of Soviet PNE tests which sample wider ranges of the source and propagation path variables of interest. The results of these analyses have indicated that it will in general be difficult to seismically detect low-yield, cavity decoupled nuclear explosions, even with high quality stations at regional distance of 100 or less, and that additional research will be required to optimize the seismic networks and signal processing systems needed to monitor such clandestine tests.

Regional Discrimination of Quarry Blasts, Earthquakes and Underground Nuclear Explosions

Author : T. J. Bennett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Discrimination of Quarry Blasts, Earthquakes and Underground Nuclear Explosions by : T. J. Bennett

Download or read book Regional Discrimination of Quarry Blasts, Earthquakes and Underground Nuclear Explosions written by T. J. Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigations conducted under this contract focused on analyses of the higher-frequency phases observed at regional distances from underground nuclear explosions, earthquakes, and commercial blasts. These analyses systematically compared the time-domain amplitude and spectral characteristics of the observed regional seismic signals in order to identify diagnostic differences which would be indicative of source type. The sources were located in three tectonic environments: (1) eastern North America, (2) southern Soviet Union, and (3) western United States. Each source environment provides a unique contribution to the regional discrimination problem. For these source regions digital data from several different high-quality seismic networks were analyzed. The data sources were the Regional Seismic Test Network (RSTN), the Eastern Canada Telemetered Network (ECTN), the Chinese Digital Seismic Network (CDSN), the Soviet/Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) network, and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) network. (jhd).

LLNL's Regional Seismic Discrimination Research

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis LLNL's Regional Seismic Discrimination Research by :

Download or read book LLNL's Regional Seismic Discrimination Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of the Department of Energy's research and development effort to improve the monitoring capability of the planned Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty international monitoring system, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLNL) is testing and calibrating regional seismic discrimination algorithms in the Middle East, North Africa and Western Former Soviet Union. The calibration process consists of a number of steps: (1) populating the database with independently identified regional events; (2) developing regional boundaries and pre-identifying severe regional phase blockage zones; (3) measuring and calibrating coda based magnitude scales; (4a) measuring regional amplitudes and making magnitude and distance amplitude corrections (MDAC); (4b) applying the DOE modified kriging methodology to MDAC results using the regionalized background model; (5) determining the thresholds of detectability of regional phases as a function of phase type and frequency; (6) evaluating regional phase discriminant performance both singly and in combination; (7) combining steps 1-6 to create a calibrated discrimination surface for each stations; (8) assessing progress and iterating. We have now developed this calibration procedure to the point where it is fairly straightforward to apply earthquake-explosion discrimination in regions with ample empirical data. Several of the steps outlined above are discussed in greater detail in other DOE papers in this volume or in recent publications. Here we emphasize the results of the above process: station correction surfaces and their improvement to discrimination results compared with simpler calibration methods. Some of the outstanding discrimination research issues involve cases in which there is little or no empirical data. For example in many cases there is no regional nuclear explosion data at IMS stations or nearby surrogates. We have taken two approaches to this problem, first finding and using mining explosion data when available, and second using test-site based models to transport earthquake-explosion discrimination behavior to new regions. Finally an important component of our research is assessing improvement in the ability to discriminate events. By combining the multivariate discriminants with the threshold detection curves for the regional seismic phases used in those discriminants, we have started to make maps of the probability an event will be identified properly. These maps serve a broad range of purposes from demonstrating progress to funding agencies to prioritizing research and calibration efforts.

Seismic Discrimination with Regional Phase Spectral Ratios: Investigation of Transportability

Author : Theron Bennett
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (455 download)

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Book Synopsis Seismic Discrimination with Regional Phase Spectral Ratios: Investigation of Transportability by : Theron Bennett

Download or read book Seismic Discrimination with Regional Phase Spectral Ratios: Investigation of Transportability written by Theron Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) requires the location and identification of seismic events which might be associated with small potential underground nuclear explosion tests. For monitoring the CTBT at low magnitude thresholds, reliance must be placed on regional seismic measurements. Various regional discrimination techniques have been shown to be effective for identifying events in some areas, but the transportability of such methods into uncalibrated source areas remains a problem. This research developed procedures which could be useful for transporting regional phase spectral ratio discriminant measures by accounting for propagation path effects using prior knowledge of attenuation. We have found that by correcting for attenuation the scatter in Lg spectral ratio observations between stations could be reduced. However, these measurements still show considerable overlap between different source types which weakens the reliability of the discriminant. It might be possible to improve the reliability of regional phase spectral ratios by limiting effects of noise on the measurements by focusing on nearer stations, limiting the frequency band over which the ratios are formed.

REGIONAL SEISMIC CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DISCRIMINATION

Author : V. Johnson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis REGIONAL SEISMIC CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DISCRIMINATION by : V. Johnson

Download or read book REGIONAL SEISMIC CHEMICAL AND NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DISCRIMINATION written by V. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We continue exploring methodologies to improve regional explosion discrimination using the western U.S. as a natural laboratory. The western U.S. has abundant natural seismicity, historic nuclear explosion data, and widespread mine blasts, making it a good testing ground to study the performance of regional explosion discrimination techniques. We have assembled and measured a large set of these events to systematically explore how to best optimize discrimination performance. Nuclear explosions can be discriminated from a background of earthquakes using regional phase (Pn, Pg, Sn, Lg) amplitude measures such as high frequency P/S ratios. The discrimination performance is improved if the amplitudes can be corrected for source size and path length effects. We show good results are achieved using earthquakes alone to calibrate for these effects with the MDAC technique (Walter and Taylor, 2001). We show significant further improvement is then possible by combining multiple MDAC amplitude ratios using an optimized weighting technique such as Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). However this requires data or models for both earthquakes and explosions. In many areas of the world regional distance nuclear explosion data is lacking, but mine blast data is available. Mine explosions are often designed to fracture and/or move rock, giving them different frequency and amplitude behavior than contained chemical shots, which seismically look like nuclear tests. Here we explore discrimination performance differences between explosion types, the possible disparity in the optimization parameters that would be chosen if only chemical explosions were available and the corresponding effect of that disparity on nuclear explosion discrimination. Even after correcting for average path and site effects, regional phase ratios contain a large amount of scatter. This scatter appears to be due to variations in source properties such as depth, focal mechanism, stress drop, in the near source material properties (including emplacement conditions in the case of explosions) and in variations from the average path and site correction. Here we look at several kinds of averaging as a means to try and reduce variance in earthquake and explosion populations and better understand the factors going into a minimum variance level as a function of epicenter (see Anderson ee et al. this volume). We focus on the performance of P/S ratios over the frequency range from 1 to 16 Hz finding some improvements in discrimination as frequency increases. We also explore averaging and optimally combining P/S ratios in multiple frequency bands as a means to reduce variance. Similarly we explore the effects of azimuthally averaging both regional amplitudes and amplitude ratios over multiple stations to reduce variance. Finally we look at optimal performance as a function of magnitude and path length, as these put limits the availability of good high frequency discrimination measures.

Detection and Identification of Small Regional Seismic Events

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (228 download)

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Book Synopsis Detection and Identification of Small Regional Seismic Events by :

Download or read book Detection and Identification of Small Regional Seismic Events written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many seismic events detected and located by the prototype International Data Center (IDC) at the Center for Monitoring Research (CMR) are small regional events. However, only very limited experience exists for regional seismic signals from small or decoupled nuclear explosions, which would be important in a CTBT monitoring environment. Furthermore, many of the events currently being reported by the lDC occur in geographical regions for which there is little or no previous seismic monitoring experience with underground nuclear explosion tests. The goal of this research has been to enhance the experience base for the IDC and to identify potential techniques and limitations of IDC seismic monitoring at the low magnitude levels appropriate to a CTBT. For these investigations we have focussed primarily on application of theoretical source scaling methods to the regional signals from observed underground nuclear explosions and, then, compared the behavior of the scaled regional signals to that from other source types with similar, small magnitudes. During the initial stages of this project, a test database of underground nuclear explosion tests recorded at the Fennoscandian regional arrays was identified. Mueller-Murphy theoretical source scaling was used to scale the array records down to the levels appropriate to CTBT monitoring goals (e.g. 1-kt fully decoupled), and the scaled signals were re-embedded into normal background noise conditions. A copy of this scaled explosion database was provided to CMR for testing capabilities of the existing system, and we performed some independent signal analysis procedures on the waveforms to discern features which could be relevant in identification monitoring at the IDC. In a separate study under this contract, we also investigated seismic identification techniques for some specific events recently detected by the IDC.

A Discrimination Analysis of Regional Seismic Data Recorded at Tonto Forest Observatory from Nevada Test Site Explosions and Nearby Earthquakes

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Author : J. R. Murphy
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis A Discrimination Analysis of Regional Seismic Data Recorded at Tonto Forest Observatory from Nevada Test Site Explosions and Nearby Earthquakes by : J. R. Murphy

Download or read book A Discrimination Analysis of Regional Seismic Data Recorded at Tonto Forest Observatory from Nevada Test Site Explosions and Nearby Earthquakes written by J. R. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The principal objectives of the research reported here are to identify any diagnostic differences between regional seismic phases produced by earthquakes and underground nuclear explosions and to assess their applicability to events occurring in various regions of the U.S.S.R. Two approaches are used: one employs traditional time-domain amplitude and period measurements to compare the relative excitation of various regional phases for earthquakes and explosions, while the second focuses on more sophisticated measurement or processing techniques such as spectral ratios or narrow-band filtering to extract information about frequency differences in the signals generated by the two types of events. The research reported here was directed at identification of discriminants based on measurements of seismic phases at regional distances from a well-controlled set of Western U.S. explosions and nearby earthquakes. The set includes more than 50 Nevada Test Site events (explosions and nearby earthquakes) recorded at the Tonto Forest Observatory in Arizona. The investigation included spectral analyses of the short-period regional phases, Pn, Pg, and Lg which follows-up a previously reported study of time-domain characteristics of these phases. In addition, the current study includes an analysis of the time-domain characteristics of the long-period data from the Nevada Test Site event set, with particular emphasis on the potential applicability of the Ms/mb discriminant to the identification of small events (mb

Nuclear Test Ban Verification

Author : Kin-Yip Chun
Publisher : The Division
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Test Ban Verification by : Kin-Yip Chun

Download or read book Nuclear Test Ban Verification written by Kin-Yip Chun and published by The Division. This book was released on 1991 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seismology is the main method of monitoring nuclear explosions that take place underground. Improved seismographic hardware, Canadian research expertise, and the availability of suitable land are all helping Canada become an increasingly notable contributor to this branch of forensic seismology. This report describes verification and its rationale; the basic tasks of seismic verification; the physical basis for earthquake-explosion source discrimination and explosion yield determination; the technical problems in seismic monitoring of underground nuclear tests; the basic problem-solving strategy deployed by the forensic seismology research team at the University of Toronto; and the scientific significance of the team's research.

Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions

Author : L. V. Antonova
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions by : L. V. Antonova

Download or read book Investigations Into Seismic Discrimination Between Earthquakes, Chemical Explosions and Nuclear Explosions written by L. V. Antonova and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyzed possibilities to discriminate different source types using spectral-temporal characteristics of seismograms. The nature of some wave types, recorded at regional distances, is investigated. We consider possibilities of discrimination between nuclear and chemical explosions and earthquakes using analysis of characteristics of irregular waves. We outline future investigations, connected with the study of the unique set of seismograms kept in the CSE.

Regional Seismic Signals from Chemical Explosions, Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes

Author : J. Bonner
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Seismic Signals from Chemical Explosions, Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes by : J. Bonner

Download or read book Regional Seismic Signals from Chemical Explosions, Nuclear Explosions and Earthquakes written by J. Bonner and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Routine industrial mining explosions play two important roles in seismic nuclear monitoring research: (1) they are a source of background events that need to be discriminated from potential nuclear explosions; (2) as some of the only explosions occurring in the current de facto global moratoria on nuclear testing, their signals should be exploited to improve the calibration of seismic m monitoring systems. A common issue monitoring arising in both of these roles is our limited physical understanding of the causes behind observed differences and similarities in the seismic signals produced by routine industrial mining blasts and small underground nuclear tests. In 2003 a consortium (Weston, SMU, LLNL, LANL and UTEP) carried out a Source Phenomenology Experiment (SPE), a series of dedicated explosions designed to improve this physical understanding, particularly as it relates to seismic methods of discriminating between signals from three different source types: earthquakes, industrial blasts, and nuclear tests. Here we very briefly review prior field experimental work that examined the seismic relationships between these source types.

A Comparative Analysis of the Seismic Characteristics of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis A Comparative Analysis of the Seismic Characteristics of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions by :

Download or read book A Comparative Analysis of the Seismic Characteristics of Cavity Decoupled Nuclear and Chemical Explosions written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Successful seismic monitoring of any eventual Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty will require the development of a capability to identify signals from small cavity decoupled nuclear explosions from among the numerous signals to be expected from earthquakes, rockbursts and chemical explosion (CE) events of comparable magnitude. The investigations summarized in this report center on a variety of comparative analyses of observed and simulated seismic data corresponding to decoupled nuclear explosions with data recorded from both tamped and near-surface, ripple-fired CE events. More specifically, seismic data recorded from cavity decoupled nuclear tests in both the U.S. and former Soviet Union are used to assess the relative seismic coupling efficiencies of the different types of CE events and to evaluate potential seismic discriminants which might be used to identify the various source types. The results of these comparison studies indicate that tamped CE events with yields on the order of 7 tons and ripple fired CE events with yields in the 70-100 ton range can be expected to produce near-regional ground motion levels comparable to those expected from fully decoupled 1 kt nuclear explosions at Azgir.