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Invasions And Diversity
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Book Synopsis Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology by : David M. Richardson
Download or read book Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology written by David M. Richardson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-01-18 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasion ecology is the study of the causes and consequences of the introduction of organisms to areas outside their native range. Interest in this field has exploded in the past few decades. Explaining why and how organisms are moved around the world, how and why some become established and invade, and how best to manage invasive species in the face of global change are all crucial issues that interest biogeographers, ecologists and environmental managers in all parts of the world. This book brings together the insights of more than 50 authors to examine the origins, foundations, current dimensions and potential trajectories of invasion ecology. It revisits key tenets of the foundations of invasion ecology, including contributions of pioneering naturalists of the 19th century, including Charles Darwin and British ecologist Charles Elton, whose 1958 monograph on invasive species is widely acknowledged as having focussed scientific attention on biological invasions.
Book Synopsis The Ecology of Animals by : Charles Sutherland Elton
Download or read book The Ecology of Animals written by Charles Sutherland Elton and published by . This book was released on 1950 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Invasion Biology by : Jonathan M Jeschke
Download or read book Invasion Biology written by Jonathan M Jeschke and published by CABI. This book was released on 2018-04-25 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many hypotheses describing the interactions involved in biological invasions, but it is largely unknown whether they are backed up by empirical evidence. This book fills that gap by developing a tool for assessing research hypotheses and applying it to twelve invasion hypotheses, using the hierarchy-of-hypotheses (HoH) approach, and mapping the connections between theory and evidence. In Part 1, an overview chapter of invasion biology is followed by an introduction to the HoH approach and short chapters by science theorists and philosophers who comment on the approach. Part 2 outlines the invasion hypotheses and their interrelationships. These include biotic resistance and island susceptibility hypotheses, disturbance hypothesis, invasional meltdown hypothesis, enemy release hypothesis, evolution of increased competitive ability and shifting defence hypotheses, tens rule, phenotypic plasticity hypothesis, Darwin's naturalization and limiting similarity hypotheses and the propagule pressure hypothesis. Part 3 provides a synthesis and suggests future directions for invasion research.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions by : Wolfgang Nentwig
Download or read book Biological Invasions written by Wolfgang Nentwig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-02-13 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume on Biological Invasions deals with both plants and animals, differing from previous books by extending from the level of individual species to an ecosystem and global level. Topics of highest societal relevance, such as the impact of genetically modified organisms, are interlinked with more conventional ecological aspects, including biodiversity. The combination of these approaches is new and makes compelling reading for researchers and environmentalists.
Book Synopsis Invasions and Diversity by : Cara Anne Faillace
Download or read book Invasions and Diversity written by Cara Anne Faillace and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As anthropogenic influences on biological communities increase around the world, understanding how community level processes interact to affect ecosystem functioning has become a critical area of current ecological research. Biological invasions are one of the major drivers in biodiversity losses on local scales. Where exotic species do not perform comparably to the native species that they replace, they can be expected to have important consequences for ecosystem functioning. The question of which traits contribute to improved invasion potential is still a major focus of the field of invasion biology. In the first chapter of my dissertation, I examined how exotic and native shrubby plant species found in New Jersey interact below ground to influence competitive interactions in a greenhouse experiment. I found that exotic plants did not uniformly outperform native plants for a contested patch of soil nitrogen, but instead the native Rubus allegheniensis and exotic R. phoenicolasius both grew to significantly larger size than other competing plants and reduced competitor growth by greater than 50 percent. These results indicate that while root competition appears to be important for these shrub species, exotic species do not routinely outcompete native ones, suggesting that root competition among shrubs may not be an important trait governing invasion success. To fully understand the consequences of biological invasions, we must also understand how biological invasions affect invaded communities over evolutionary time. The remaining chapters of my dissertation used laboratory microcosms to experimentally study how evolution among resident and invading species altered the consequences of biological invasions. In Chapter 2, I determined that evolution resulted in increased performance for one invader, Euplotes daidaleos, in an assemblage of protists and rotifers, while in a second assemblage, evolution resulted in the appearance of increased biotic resistance of resident species against an invader, Paramecium bursaria. Changes in performance of both resident and invading species also resulted in significant differences in community composition in both assemblages. In one assemblage, communities with evolved invaders were most similar in composition, while in the other assemblage, communities with evolved residents were most similar. In the third chapter of my dissertation, I examined how evolution altered the temporal variability in species abundances. I found that for E. daidaleos the pattern of temporal variability in abundance most closely matched predictions of evolution decreasing the attack rate of predators on E. daidaleos, implying that this invader may have evolved increased defense against predators that were resident species of the assemblage into which it invaded. Several resident species in this community experienced decreased abundances concurrent with increased temporal variability in abundance suggesting one mechanism by which evolution may predispose those populations to extinction, while decreased temporal variability in invader abundance could facilitate invader persistence. These effects on community dynamics may provide one mechanism to explain how evolution can exacerbate invasions in some communities and ameliorate invasions in others. In Chapter 4, I determined how ongoing evolution in invaded communities affected biomass production, a measure of ecosystem functioning. I determined that biomass production tended to mirror species performance in abundance, but evolution ultimately reduced ecosystem functioning below that observed in the uninvaded state for both communities. These effects highlight the risk inherent in assuming that the long-term consequences of invasions can be adequately predicted by the effects observed following initial invasions by naïve species into novel communities. Collectively, these chapters, though different in theoretical motivation and empirical approach, demonstrate the complex nature of biological invasions, highlighting the need to consider the consequences of biological invasions at multiple ecological scales and time scales. To truly understand the consequences of invasions we must remember that the contemporary interactions that we observe today represent a snapshot in time, and consequently may not adequately predict future interactions. This dissertation particularly illustrates the point that each new biological invasion is a process and urges caution in our interpretation of the outcome of that process.
Book Synopsis Conservation and the Genetics of Populations by : Fred W. Allendorf
Download or read book Conservation and the Genetics of Populations written by Fred W. Allendorf and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation and the Genetics of Populations gives acomprehensive overview of the essential background, concepts, andtools needed to understand how genetic information can be used todevelop conservation plans for species threatened withextinction. Provides a thorough understanding of the genetic basis ofbiological problems in conservation. Uses a balance of data and theory, and basic and appliedresearch, with examples taken from both the animal and plantkingdoms. An associated website contains example data sets and softwareprograms to illustrate population genetic processes and methods ofdata analysis. Discussion questions and problems are included at the end ofeach chapter to aid understanding. Features Guest Boxes written by leading people in the fieldincluding James F. Crow, Nancy FitzSimmons, Robert C. Lacy, MichaelW. Nachman, Michael E. Soule, Andrea Taylor, Loren H. Rieseberg,R.C. Vrijenhoek, Lisette Waits, Robin S. Waples and AndrewYoung. Supplementary information designed to support Conservationand the Genetics of Populations including: Downloadable sample chapter Answers to questions and problems Data sets illustrating problems from the book Data analysis software programs Website links An Instructor manual CD-ROM for this title is available. Pleasecontact our Higher Education team at ahref="mailto:[email protected]"[email protected]/afor more information.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions in South Africa by : Brian W. van Wilgen
Download or read book Biological Invasions in South Africa written by Brian W. van Wilgen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access volume presents a comprehensive account of all aspects of biological invasions in South Africa, where research has been conducted over more than three decades, and where bold initiatives have been implemented in attempts to control invasions and to reduce their ecological, economic and social effects. It covers a broad range of themes, including history, policy development and implementation, the status of invasions of animals and plants in terrestrial, marine and freshwater environments, the development of a robust ecological theory around biological invasions, the effectiveness of management interventions, and scenarios for the future. The South African situation stands out because of the remarkable diversity of the country, and the wide range of problems encountered in its varied ecosystems, which has resulted in a disproportionate investment into both research and management. The South African experience holds many lessons for other parts of the world, and this book should be of immense value to researchers, students, managers, and policy-makers who deal with biological invasions and ecosystem management and conservation in most other regions.
Book Synopsis Invasion Ecology by : Julie L. Lockwood
Download or read book Invasion Ecology written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-12 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects ofbiological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting importantresearch findings associated with each stage of invasion,Invasion Ecology provides an overview of the invasionprocess from transportation patterns and causes of establishmentsuccess to ecological impacts, invader management, andpost-invasion evolution. Increasing awareness of the problems associated with invasionhas led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics ofnon-native species and their adverse effects on native biota andhuman economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fastgrowing field of research, and is an essential text forundergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservationmanagement.
Book Synopsis Invasion Ecology by : Julie L. Lockwood
Download or read book Invasion Ecology written by Julie L. Lockwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-05 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of Invasion Ecology provides a comprehensive and updated introduction to all aspects of biological invasion by non-native species. Highlighting important research findings associated with each stage of invasion, the book provides an overview of the invasion process from transportation patterns and causes of establishment success to ecological impacts, invader management, and post-invasion evolution. The authors have produced new chapters on predicting and preventing invasion, managing and eradicating invasive species, and invasion dynamics in a changing climate. Modern global trade and travel have led to unprecedented movement of non-native species by humans with unforeseen, interesting, and occasionally devastating consequences. Increasing recognition of the problems associated with invasion has led to a rapid growth in research into the dynamics of non-native species and their adverse effects on native biota and human economies. This book provides a synthesis of this fast growing field of research and is an essential text for undergraduate and graduate students in ecology and conservation management. Additional resources are available at www.wiley.com/go/invasionecology
Book Synopsis Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions by : James O. Luken
Download or read book Assessment and Management of Plant Invasions written by James O. Luken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological invasion of native plant communities is a high-priority problem in the field of environmental management. Resource managers, biologists, and all those involved in plant communities must consider ecological interactions when assessing both the effects of plant invasion and the long-term effects of management. Sections of the book cover human perceptions of invading plants, assessment of ecological interactions, direct management, and regulation and advocacy. It also includes an appendix with descriptive data for many of the worst weeds.
Book Synopsis Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems by : Gil Rilov
Download or read book Biological Invasions in Marine Ecosystems written by Gil Rilov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-12 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological invasions are considered to be one of the greatest threats to the integrity of most ecosystems on earth. This volume explores the current state of marine bioinvasions, which have been growing at an exponential rate over recent decades. Focusing on the ecological aspects of biological invasions, it elucidates the different stages of an invasion process, starting with uptake and transport, through inoculation, establishment and finally integration into new ecosystems. Basic ecological concepts - all in the context of bioinvasions - are covered, such as propagule pressure, species interactions, phenotypic plasticity, and the importance of biodiversity. The authors approach bioinvasions as hazards to the integrity of natural communities, but also as a tool for better understanding fundamental ecological processes. Important aspects of managing marine bioinvasions are also discussed, as are many informative case studies from around the world.
Book Synopsis Invaders on the Horizon! Scanning the Future of Invasion Science and Management by : Ana Sofia Vaz
Download or read book Invaders on the Horizon! Scanning the Future of Invasion Science and Management written by Ana Sofia Vaz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diversity and Ecology of Invasive Plants by : Sudam Charan Sahu
Download or read book Diversity and Ecology of Invasive Plants written by Sudam Charan Sahu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-12-18 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, Diversity and Ecology of Invasive Plants, is a collection of reviewed and relevant research chapters, offering a comprehensive overview of recent developments in the field of invasive species biology. The book comprises chapters authored by various researchers and edited by experts active in the field of conservation of biodiversity. All chapters are complete in itself but united under a common topic. This publication aims at providing a thorough overview of the latest research efforts by international authors on diversity, distribution, and ecological consequences of invasive species and opens new possible research paths for further developments.
Book Synopsis A Global Understanding of the Factors Facilitating Plant Invasions by : R. Kirsten Tyler
Download or read book A Global Understanding of the Factors Facilitating Plant Invasions written by R. Kirsten Tyler and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalization has resulted in the anthropogenic movement of plant species, many of which have established and become invasive in their secondary ranges. A fundamental goal in invasion ecology is to understand the factors that contribute to successful establishment and spread of invasive species on a global scale. Given the likelihood of a future with increased international connections leading to introductions of plant species, understanding why some species are successful invaders and which ecosystems are susceptible to invasion continues to be crucial to development of effective preventative policy and management strategies. Although there is a large body of literature on determinants of invasion success, substantial gaps remain in how the effects of evolutionary history, global connectivity, and habitat suitability of native and introduced regions affect the propensity for a species to become invasive and the propensity for a region to be invaded. This dissertation research addresses these uncertainties with three independent but complementary studies using global databases: 1) evaluating the relative likelihood of successful plant invasions by comparing phylogenetic diversity, habitat suitability, and anthropogenic connectivity between native and non-native regions; 2) incorporating the effect of spatial scale on outcomes of those processes; and 3) determining contributing factors of regional invasibility and predicting potential future invasions. A global approach to invasion science is powerful in building a general understanding of factors that influence establishment and spread. Cumulatively, results showed that characteristics of invasive species' native ranges were more important than characteristics of the invaded range when modeling invasiveness, namely phylogenetic diversity. In addition, this work highlighted the effects scale on factors of invasion success. Finally, we developed a novel method to quantify invasibility of regions and predict which regions have high potential for future invasions. Conclusions from this work suggest that development of effective preventative policy and management strategies should include diversity of invasive species' native range. Furthermore, prevention of invasive species requires careful consideration of the future potential of invasibility. A global approach to invasion science is powerful in building a general understanding of factors that influence establishment and spread. The outcomes of this work have numerous implications for understanding global dynamics of how and why species invade.
Download or read book Invasion Dynamics written by Cang Hui and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An advanced textbook adopting a theoretical modeling approach to review and discuss the current range and distributions of alien species, their rates of spread, and their impact in human-dominated ecosystems.
Book Synopsis Novel Ecosystems by : Richard J. Hobbs
Download or read book Novel Ecosystems written by Richard J. Hobbs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-07 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land conversion, climate change and species invasions are contributing to the widespread emergence of novel ecosystems, which demand a shift in how we think about traditional approaches to conservation, restoration and environmental management. They are novel because they exist without historical precedents and are self-sustaining. Traditional approaches emphasizing native species and historical continuity are challenged by novel ecosystems that deliver critical ecosystems services or are simply immune to practical restorative efforts. Some fear that, by raising the issue of novel ecosystems, we are simply paving the way for a more laissez-faire attitude to conservation and restoration. Regardless of the range of views and perceptions about novel ecosystems, their existence is becoming ever more obvious and prevalent in today’s rapidly changing world. In this first comprehensive volume to look at the ecological, social, cultural, ethical and policy dimensions of novel ecosystems, the authors argue these altered systems are overdue for careful analysis and that we need to figure out how to intervene in them responsibly. This book brings together researchers from a range of disciplines together with practitioners and policy makers to explore the questions surrounding novel ecosystems. It includes chapters on key concepts and methodologies for deciding when and how to intervene in systems, as well as a rich collection of case studies and perspective pieces. It will be a valuable resource for researchers, managers and policy makers interested in the question of how humanity manages and restores ecosystems in a rapidly changing world. A companion website with additional resources is available at www.wiley.com/go/hobbs/ecosystems
Download or read book Invasion Biology written by Mark A. Davis and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-01-29 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the exception of climate change, biological invasions have probably received more attention during the past ten years than any other ecological topic. Yet this is the first synthetic, single-authored overview of the field since Williamson's 1996 book. Written fifty years after the publication of Elton's pioneering monograph on the subject, Invasion Biology provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the science of biological invasions while also offering new insights and perspectives relating to the processes of introduction, establishment, and spread. The book connects science with application by describing the health, economic, and ecological impacts of invasive species as well as the variety of management strategies developed to mitigate harmful impacts. The author critically evaluates the approaches, findings, and controversies that have characterized invasion biology in recent years, and suggests a variety of future research directions. Carefully balanced to avoid distinct taxonomic, ecosystem, and geographic (both investigator and species) biases, the book addresses a wide range of invasive species (including protists, invertebrates, vertebrates, fungi, and plants) which have been studied in marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments throughout the world by investigators equally diverse in their origins. This accessible and thought-provoking text will be of particular interest to graduate level students and established researchers in the fields of invasion biology, community ecology, conservation biology, and restoration ecology. It will also be of value and use to land managers, policy makers, and other professionals charged with controlling the negative impacts associated with recently arrived species.
