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Author : Simon Grant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (782 download)
Download or read book Intrinsic Preference for Information written by Simon Grant and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dan Egonsson
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 9780754657255
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (572 download)
Download or read book Preference and Information written by Dan Egonsson and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Standard preferentialist theories allege that a person's preferences and their satisfaction are the correct measure of well-being. In this book, Egonsson presents a critical analysis of the full-information account of the good, which claims that only the satisfaction of rational and fully informed preferences has value for a person.
Author : Yusufcan Masatlioglu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Intrinsic Information Preferences and Skewness written by Yusufcan Masatlioglu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present experimental results from a broad investigation of intrinsic preferences for information. We examine whether people prefer negatively skewed or positively skewed information structures, and how individual preferences over the skewness and the degree of information relate to one another. The results reveal new insights regarding intrinsic preferences for information, including the possibility that positively skewed information structures may ameliorate information avoidance arising from a desire to preserve hope. We discuss our findings through the lens of existing theories.
Author : Simon Grant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Preference for Information written by Simon Grant and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Simon Grant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Consistency and Preference for Information written by Simon Grant and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Simon Grant
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Intrinsic Preference for Information written by Simon Grant and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Strohmaier
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1009192132
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Preference Change written by David Strohmaier and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-01-31 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most of its history, decision theory has investigated the rational choices of humans under the assumption of static preferences. Human preferences, however, change. In recent years, decision theory has increasingly acknowledged the reality of preference change throughout life. This Element provides an accessible introduction and new contributions to the debates on preference change. It is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, the authors discuss what preference change is and whether we can integrate it into decision theory. In the second chapter, they present models of preference change, including a novel proposal of their own. In the third and final chapter, they discuss how we can rationally choose a course of action when our preferences might change. Both the transformative experience literature and recent work on choosing for changing selves are discussed.
Author : Paul Weirich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 131624072X
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (162 download)
Download or read book Models of Decision-Making written by Paul Weirich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical decision theory evaluates entire worlds, specified so as to include everything a decision-maker cares about. Thus applying decision theory requires performing computations far beyond an ordinary decision-maker's ability. In this book Paul Weirich explains how individuals can simplify and streamline their choices. He shows how different 'parts' of options (intrinsic, temporal, spatiotemporal, causal) are separable, so that we can know what difference one part makes to the value of an option, regardless of what happens in the other parts. He suggests that the primary value of options is found in basic intrinsic attitudes towards outcomes: desires, aversions, or indifferences. And using these two facts he argues that we need only compare small parts of the options we face in order to make a rational decision. This important book will interest readers in decision theory, economics, and the behavioral sciences.
Author : Edward L. Deci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461344468
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)
Download or read book Intrinsic Motivation written by Edward L. Deci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As I begin to write this Preface, I feel a rush of excitement. I have now finished the book; my gestalt is coming into completion. Throughout the months that I have been writing this, I have, indeed, been intrinsically motivated. Now that it is finished I feel quite competent and self-determining (see Chapter 2). Whether or not those who read the book will perceive me that way is also a concern of mine (an extrinsic one), but it is a wholly separate issue from the intrinsic rewards I have been experiencing. This book presents a theoretical perspective. It reviews an enormous amount of research which establishes unequivocally that intrinsic motivation exists. Also considered herein are various approaches to the conceptualizing of intrinsic motivation. The book concentrates on the approach which has developed out of the work of Robert White (1959), namely, that intrinsically motivated behaviors are ones which a person engages in so that he may feel competent and self-determining in relation to his environment. The book then considers the development of intrinsic motiva tion, how behaviors are motivated intrinsically, how they relate to and how intrinsic motivation is extrinsically motivated behaviors, affected by extrinsic rewards and controls. It also considers how changes in intrinsic motivation relate to changes in attitudes, how people attribute motivation to each other, how the attribution process is motivated, and how the process of perceiving motivation (and other internal states) in oneself relates to perceiving them in others.
Author : Carol Sansone
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080509096
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation written by Carol Sansone and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-09-12 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In understanding human behavior, psychologists have long been interested in what motivates specific actions. Debates have pitted extrinsic motivators (e.g. rewards/punishment) against intrinsic motivation in attempting to determine what best motivates individuals. This book provides a summary view of what research has determined about both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, and clarifies what questions remain unanswered. Divided into three sections, section I revisits the debate about the effects of extrinsic incentives or constraints on intrinsic motivation and creativity, and identifies theoretical advances in motivational research. Section II focuses on the hidden costs and benefits of different types of achievement goals on motivation and performance. Section III discusses theory and research findings on how extrinsic and intrinsic motivators may work in everyday life and over time. This book is of interest to researchers in psychology, education, and business, as well as to a wider audience interested in promoting optimal motivation and performance.Coverage in this book includes:* Debates and controversies in motivational research* Developmental nature of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation over time* Influences of parents, educators, and employers in facilitating motivation* Effect of achievement goals on learning and performance* The role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in self-regulationKey Features* Brings together major figures in the fields of motivation, education, and social psychology* Provides a mix of theory, basic and applied research* Presents research conducted both in laboratories and educational settings* Comprehensive chapters provide excellent reviews of previous literature as well as outlines important new directions* Provides different perspectives on controversial debates in a balanced, constructive manner
Author : Timur Kuran
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674248139
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)
Download or read book Private Truths, Public Lies written by Timur Kuran and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1998-06-16 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preference falsification, according to the economist Timur Kuran, is the act of misrepresenting one's wants under perceived social pressures. It happens frequently in everyday life, such as when we tell the host of a dinner party that we are enjoying the food when we actually find it bland. In Private Truths, Public Lies Kuran argues convincingly that the phenomenon not only is ubiquitous but has huge social and political consequences. Drawing on diverse intellectual traditions, including those rooted in economics, psychology, sociology, and political science, Kuran provides a unified theory of how preference falsification shapes collective decisions, orients structural change, sustains social stability, distorts human knowledge, and conceals political possibilities. A common effect of preference falsification is the preservation of widely disliked structures. Another is the conferment of an aura of stability on structures vulnerable to sudden collapse. When the support of a policy, tradition, or regime is largely contrived, a minor event may activate a bandwagon that generates massive yet unanticipated change. In distorting public opinion, preference falsification also corrupts public discourse and, hence, human knowledge. So structures held in place by preference falsification may, if the condition lasts long enough, achieve increasingly genuine acceptance. The book demonstrates how human knowledge and social structures co-evolve in complex and imperfectly predictable ways, without any guarantee of social efficiency. Private Truths, Public Lies uses its theoretical argument to illuminate an array of puzzling social phenomena. They include the unexpected fall of communism, the paucity, until recently, of open opposition to affirmative action in the United States, and the durability of the beliefs that have sustained India's caste system.
Author : Kfir Eliaz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (441 download)
Download or read book Paying for Confidence written by Kfir Eliaz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kfir Eliaz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (441 download)
Download or read book Paying for Confidence written by Kfir Eliaz and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents experimental evidence that when individuals are about to make a given decision under risk, they are willing to pay for information on the likelihood that this decision is ex-post optimal, even if this information will not affect their decision. Our findings suggest that this demand for non-instrumental information is caused by what we refer to as a "confidence effect": the desire to increase ones posterior belief by ruling out "bad news", even when such news would have no effect on ones decision. We conduct various treatments to show that our subjects behavior is not likely to be caused by an intrinsic preference for information, failure of backward induction or an attempt to minimize thinking costs.
Author : Raymond J. Dolan
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123814324
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)
Download or read book Neuroscience of Preference and Choice written by Raymond J. Dolan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-09-30 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most pressing questions in neuroscience, psychology and economics today is how does the brain generate preferences and make choices? With a unique interdisciplinary approach, this volume is among the first to explore the cognitive and neural mechanisms mediating the generation of the preferences that guide choice. From preferences determining mundane purchases, to social preferences influencing mating choice, through to moral decisions, the authors adopt diverse approaches to answer the question. Chapters explore the instability of preferences and the common neural processes that occur across preferences. Edited by one of the world's most renowned cognitive neuroscientists, each chapter is authored by an expert in the field, with a host of international contributors. - Emphasis on common process underlying preference generation makes material applicable to a variety of disciplines – neuroscience, psychology, economics, law, philosophy, etc. - Offers specific focus on how preferences are generated to guide decision making, carefully examining one aspect of the broad field of neuroeconomics and complementing existing volumes - Features outstanding, international scholarship, with chapters written by an expert in the topic area
Author : Enrico Diecidue
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Timing and Skewness of Information Revelation written by Enrico Diecidue and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We design a comprehensive experimental setup to study (i) intrinsic preferences for gradual information revelation (ii) with different skewness (positive, negative, or symmetric) (iii) in two information environments. In a ``compound lottery'' environment, symmetric information revelation is preferred, while in an otherwise equivalent ``information structure'' environment, positively skewed information revelation is preferred. In both environments, early resolution is preferred over late resolution, with the three types of gradual resolution positioned in between. Our study integrates the three dimensions (timing, skewness, environment) of intrinsic preferences only studied separately to date, relates the findings to behavioral theories, and shows that careful consideration of the information environment is necessary when investigating preferences for gradual information revelation.
Author : Paolo Atzeni
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540304649
Total Pages : 889 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Conceptual Modeling - ER 2004 written by Paolo Atzeni and published by Springer. This book was released on 2005-01-17 with total page 889 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to welcome you to the proccedings of the 23rd International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2004). This conference provided an international forum for technical discussion on conceptual modeling of information systems among researchers, developers and users. This was the third time that this conference was held in Asia; the?rst time was in Singapore in 1998 and the second time was in Yokohama, Japan in 2001. China is the third largest nation with the largest population in the world. Shanghai, the largest city in China and a great metropolis, famous in Asia and throughout the world, is therefore a most appropriate location to host this conference. This volume contains papers selected for presentation and includes the two keynote talks by Prof. Hector Garcia-Molina and Prof. Gerhard Weikum, and an invited talk by Dr. Xiao Ji. This volume also contains industrial papers and demo/poster papers. An additional volume contains papers from 6 workshops. The conference also featured three tutorials: (1) Web Change Management andDelta Mining: Opportunities andSolutions, by SanjayMadria, (2)A Survey of Data Quality Issues in Cooperative Information Systems, by Carlo Batini, and (3) Visual SQL - An ER-Based Introduction to Database Programming, by Bernhard Thalheim.
Author : Enric Trillas
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642246656
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)
Download or read book Combining Experimentation and Theory written by Enric Trillas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-13 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The unexpected and premature passing away of Professor Ebrahim H. "Abe" Mamdani on January, 22, 2010, was a big shock to the scientific community, to all his friends and colleagues around the world, and to his close relatives. Professor Mamdani was a remarkable figure in the academic world, as he contributed to so many areas of science and technology. Of great relevance are his latest thoughts and ideas on the study of language and its handling by computers. The fuzzy logic community is particularly indebted to Abe Mamdani (1941-2010) who, in 1975, in his famous paper An Experiment in Linguistic Synthesis with a Fuzzy Logic Controller, jointly written with his student Sedrak Assilian, introduced the novel idea of fuzzy control. This was an elegant engineering approach to the modeling and control of complex processes for which mathematical models were unknown or too difficult to build, yet they could effectively and efficiently be controlled by human operators. This ground-breaking idea has found innumerable applications and can be considered as one of the main factors for the proliferation and adoption of fuzzy logic technology. Professor Mamdani's own life and vital experience are illustrative of his “never surrendering” attitude while facing adversaries, which is normal for a person proposing any novel solution, and represent a great example for everybody. His subtle sense of humor, his joy for life, and his will to critically help people, especially young people, were characteristics deeply appreciated by all the people who enjoyed and benefited from his friendship and advice. This book constitutes a posthumous homage to Abe Mamdani. It is a collection of original papers related in some way to his works, ideas and vision, and especially written by researchers directly acquainted with him or with his work. The underlying goal of this book will be fulfilled if, in the very spirit of Mamdani's legacy, the papers will trigger a scientific or philosophical debate on the issues covered, or contribute to a cross-fertilization of ideas in the various fields.
