Intranasal Administration Of A Monoclonal Neutralizing Antibody Protects Mice Against Sars Cov 2 Infection

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Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309154006
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Research Council

Download or read book Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.

MERS-CoV

Author : Fang Li
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039218506
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

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Book Synopsis MERS-CoV by : Fang Li

Download or read book MERS-CoV written by Fang Li and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-12-12 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus. First identified in 2012, MERS-CoV has caused over 2460 infections and a fatality rate of about 35% in humans. Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS-CoV likely originated from bats; however, different from SARS-CoV, which potentially utilized palm civets as its intermediate hosts, MERS-CoV likely transmits to humans through dromedary camels. Animal models, such as humanized mice and nonhuman primates, have been developed for studying MERS-CoV infection. Currently, there are no vaccines and therapeutics approved for the prevention and treatment of MERS-CoV infection, although a number of them have been developed preclinically or tested clinically. This book covers one editorial and 16 articles (including seven review articles and nine original research papers) written by researchers working in the field of MERS-CoV. It describes the following three main aspects: (1) MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis; (2) current progress on MERS-CoV animal models, vaccines, and therapeutics; and (3) challenges and future prospects for MERS-CoV research. Overall, this book will help researchers in the MERS-CoV field to further advance their work on the virus. It also has important implications for other coronaviruses as well as viruses outside the coronavirus family with pandemic potentials.

Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics

Author : Lijun Rong
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889662527
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics by : Lijun Rong

Download or read book Antivirals for Emerging Viruses: Vaccines and Therapeutics written by Lijun Rong and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Ebola and Marburg Viruses

Author : Hans-Dieter Klenk
Publisher : Garland Science
ISBN 13 : 9780954523237
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (232 download)

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Book Synopsis Ebola and Marburg Viruses by : Hans-Dieter Klenk

Download or read book Ebola and Marburg Viruses written by Hans-Dieter Klenk and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2004 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ebola and Marburg viruses are a pair of filoviruses that are among the most lethal hemorrhagic viruses on the planet. The authors present a review of past and current research into these pathogens, including 12 papers addressing the structure of the viral proteins; genomic replication; molecular mechanisms of entry; pathogenesis in nonhuman primates, guinea pigs, and mice; virus modulation of innate immunity; and cellular and molecular mechanisms of Ebola pathogenicity and related approaches to vaccine development.

Mucosal Vaccines

Author : Hiroshi Kiyono
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080537057
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Mucosal Vaccines by : Hiroshi Kiyono

Download or read book Mucosal Vaccines written by Hiroshi Kiyono and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-10-23 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects, and practical applications. The contributing authors and editors of this one-of-a-kind book are very well known in their respective fields. Mucosal Vaccines is organized in a unique format in which basic, clinical, and practical aspects of the mucosal immune system for vaccine development are described and discussed. This project is endorsed by the Society for Mucosal Immunology. - Provides the latest views on mucosal vaccines - Applies basic principles to the development of new vaccines - Links basic, clinical, and practical aspects of mucosal vaccines to different infectious diseases - Unique and user-friendly organization

SARS, MERS and other Viral Lung Infections

Author : David S. Hui
Publisher : European Respiratory Society
ISBN 13 : 1849840709
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis SARS, MERS and other Viral Lung Infections by : David S. Hui

Download or read book SARS, MERS and other Viral Lung Infections written by David S. Hui and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2016-06-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Viral respiratory tract infections are important and common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the past two decades, several novel viral respiratory infections have emerged with epidemic potential that threaten global health security. This Monograph aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of severe acute respiratory syndrome, Middle East respiratory syndrome and other viral respiratory infections, including seasonal influenza, avian influenza, respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, through six chapters written by authoritative experts from around the globe.

Antiviral Strategies

Author : Hans-Georg Kräusslich
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540790861
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Antiviral Strategies by : Hans-Georg Kräusslich

Download or read book Antiviral Strategies written by Hans-Georg Kräusslich and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-02 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A crucial issue for antiviral therapy is the fact that all antiviral substances rapidly select for resistance; thus, monitoring and overcoming resistance has become a most important clinical paradigm of antiviral therapy. This calls for cautious use of antiviral drugs and implementation of combination therapies. In parallel, efforts in drug discovery have to be continued to develop compounds with novel mode-of-action and activity against resistant strains. This book reviews the current status of antiviral therapy, from the roads to development of new compounds to their clinical use and cost effectiveness. Individual chapters address in more detail all available drug classes and outline new approaches currently under development.

Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Author : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office for Protection from Research Risks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by : National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office for Protection from Research Risks

Download or read book Public Health Service Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals written by National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office for Protection from Research Risks and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Antibody Fc

Author : Margaret Ackerman
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123948185
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Antibody Fc by : Margaret Ackerman

Download or read book Antibody Fc written by Margaret Ackerman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibody Fc is the first single text to synthesize the literature on the mechanisms underlying the dramatic variability of antibodies to influence the immune response. The book demonstrates the importance of the Fc domain, including protective mechanisms, effector cell types, genetic data, and variability in Fc domain function. This volume is a critical single-source reference for researchers in vaccine discovery, immunologists, microbiologists, oncologists and protein engineers as well as graduate students in immunology and vaccinology. Antibodies represent the correlate of protection for numerous vaccines and are the most rapidly growing class of drugs, with applications ranging from cancer and infectious disease to autoimmunity. Researchers have long understood the variable domain of antibodies, which are responsible for antigen recognition, and can provide protection by blocking the function of their target antigen. However, recent developments in our understanding of the protection mediated by antibodies have highlighted the critical nature of the antibody constant, or Fc domain, in the biological activity of antibodies. The Fc domain allows antibodies to link the adaptive and innate immune systems, providing specificity to a wide range of innate effector cells. In addition, they provide a feedback loop to regulate the character of the immune response via interactions with B cells and antigen-presenting cells. - Clarifies the different mechanisms of IgG activity at the level of the different model systems used, including human genetic, mouse, and in vitro - Covers the role of antibodies in cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity and in the setting of monoclonal antibody therapy as well as naturally raised antibodies - Color illustrations enhance explanations of the immune system

Maternal Immunization

Author : Elke Leuridan
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128145838
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal Immunization by : Elke Leuridan

Download or read book Maternal Immunization written by Elke Leuridan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-26 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunization during pregnancy with currently recommended vaccines prevents infection in the mother, the unborn fetus, and the young infant, and there is an increasing focus from different stakeholders to use this approach for other infections of importance to protect these vulnerable groups. The aim of this Maternal Immunization book is to provide a contemporary overview of vaccines used in pregnancy (and the lactation period), with emphasis on aspects of importance for the target groups, namely, rationale for the use of vaccines in pregnancy, safety, immunogenicity (immunology), timing to vaccinate, repeat doses, protective effects in the mother, fetus, and infant, and public acceptance and implementation, of existing and of future vaccines. - Provides an overview of a quickly evolving topic. This will benefit the reader who wishes to rapidly become informed and up-to-date with new developments in this field - Suitable to a broad audience: scientific researchers, obstetricians, gynecologists, neonatologists, vaccinators, pediatricians, students, and industry. Maternal vaccination impacts a wide range of specialists - Allows health care professionals/researchers to gain insight into other aspects of vaccination in pregnancy outside of their specialism - Is coauthored by specialists from multiple disciplines, providing a diverse view of the subject, increasing its interest and appeal - Creates awareness of the current developments in this area of medicine and of the potential of maternal vaccination to improve the health of mothers and infants worldwide

Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases

Author : Nevio Cimolai
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792385684
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (856 download)

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Book Synopsis Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases by : Nevio Cimolai

Download or read book Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases written by Nevio Cimolai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the several modes of diagnostic testing for infections, serological (i.e. antibody determination) studies are still heavily used. Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases examines this topic in a contemporary context, and in so doing, utilizes serodiagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection as the study model. Major serological methods are reviewed, as is the chronological development of serodiagnosis for this infection. There are many important parallels which are applicable to the serodiagnosis of any infectious disease, and history reminds us of how these commonalities need to be reviewed, whether for existing, emerging or newly discovered infectious diseases. Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases is a valuable introduction for infectious disease specialists, bacteriology experts, diagnostic laboratorians and medical students, and technologies taking the microbiology diagnostic methods course.

Vaccination Strategies Against Highly Variable Pathogens

Author : Lars Hangartner
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030580040
Total Pages : 185 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Vaccination Strategies Against Highly Variable Pathogens by : Lars Hangartner

Download or read book Vaccination Strategies Against Highly Variable Pathogens written by Lars Hangartner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccines against antigenically stable pathogens, or pathogens that only exist in a limited number of serotypes, have been very successful in the past and have drastically decreased the incidence and lethality of many diseases. However, when it comes to highly variable pathogens or viruses that exist in multiple serotypes, the traditional methods for vaccine development have reached their limits. This volume highlights the development of vaccines against such challenging pathogens. Novel approaches for immunogen design, including structure-guided vaccine development and vaccines targeting glycans, as well as adjuvants and animal models used for testing possible vaccine candidates are outlined and discussed in detail. Given its scope, the book will appeal to scientists in the fields of infectious diseases, microbiology and medicine.

The Microbiology of Respiratory System Infections

Author : Kateryna Kon
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128045760
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Microbiology of Respiratory System Infections by : Kateryna Kon

Download or read book The Microbiology of Respiratory System Infections written by Kateryna Kon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Microbiology of Respiratory System Infections reviews modern approaches in the diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis of respiratory system infections. The book is very useful for researchers, scientists, academics, medical practitioners, graduate and postgraduate students, and specialists from pharmaceutical and laboratory diagnostic companies. The book has been divided into three sections according to the types of respiratory pathogens. The first section contains reviews on the most common and epidemiologically important respiratory viruses, such as influenza virus, severe acute respiratory system coronavirus, and recently discovered Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. The second section is devoted to bacterial and fungal pathogens, which discusses etiology and pathogenesis including infections in patients with compromised immune system, and infections caused by fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus and Pneumocystis. The third section incorporates treatment approaches against different types of bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract. This section reviews classical antimicrobial and phytomedical approaches as well as the application of nanotechnology against respiratory pathogens. - Offers the most up to date information on the microbiology of lower respiratory system infections - Features contributors from across the world, presenting questions of interest to readers of both developed and developing countries - Reviews the most common and epidemiologically important respiratory viruses - Discusses the etiology and pathogenesis of bacterial and fungal pathogens including infections in patients with compromised immune system, and infections caused by fungal pathogens, such as Aspergillus and Pneumocystis

The Threat of Pandemic Influenza

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309095042
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Threat of Pandemic Influenza by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book The Threat of Pandemic Influenza written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-09 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public health officials and organizations around the world remain on high alert because of increasing concerns about the prospect of an influenza pandemic, which many experts believe to be inevitable. Moreover, recent problems with the availability and strain-specificity of vaccine for annual flu epidemics in some countries and the rise of pandemic strains of avian flu in disparate geographic regions have alarmed experts about the world's ability to prevent or contain a human pandemic. The workshop summary, The Threat of Pandemic Influenza: Are We Ready? addresses these urgent concerns. The report describes what steps the United States and other countries have taken thus far to prepare for the next outbreak of "killer flu." It also looks at gaps in readiness, including hospitals' inability to absorb a surge of patients and many nations' incapacity to monitor and detect flu outbreaks. The report points to the need for international agreements to share flu vaccine and antiviral stockpiles to ensure that the 88 percent of nations that cannot manufacture or stockpile these products have access to them. It chronicles the toll of the H5N1 strain of avian flu currently circulating among poultry in many parts of Asia, which now accounts for the culling of millions of birds and the death of at least 50 persons. And it compares the costs of preparations with the costs of illness and death that could arise during an outbreak.

The Coronaviridae

Author : Stuart G. Siddell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1489915311
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Coronaviridae by : Stuart G. Siddell

Download or read book The Coronaviridae written by Stuart G. Siddell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronaviruses were recognized as a group of enveloped, RNA viruses in 1968 and accepted by the International Committee on the Taxonomy of Viruses as a separate family, the Coronaviridae, in 1975. By 1978, it had become evident that the coronavirus genomic RNA was infectious (i. e. , positive strand), and by 1983, at least the framework of the coronavirus replication strategy had been per ceived. Subsequently, with the application of recombinant DNA techniques, there have been remarkable advances in our understanding of the molecular biology of coronaviruses, and a mass of structural data concerning coronavirus genomes, mRNAs, and pro teins now exists. More recently, attention has been focused on the role of essential and accessory gene products in the coronavirus replication cyde and a molecular analysis of the structure-function relation ships of coronavirus proteins. Nevertheless, there are still large gaps in our knowledge, for instance, in areas such as the genesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNAs or the function of the coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. The diseases caused by coronaviruses have been known for much longer than the agents themselves. Possibly the first coronavirus-related disease to be recorded was feline infectious peritonitis, as early as 1912. The diseases associ ated with infectious bronchitis virus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus, and murine hepatitis virus were all well known before 1950.

Cell Culture Engineering

Author : Wei-Shu Hu
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540340076
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Cell Culture Engineering by : Wei-Shu Hu

Download or read book Cell Culture Engineering written by Wei-Shu Hu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-08-16 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the introduction of recombinant human growth hormone and insulin a quarter century ago, protein therapeutics has greatly broadened the ho- zon of health care. Many patients suffering with life-threatening diseases or chronic dysfunctions, which were medically untreatable not long ago, can attest to the wonder these drugs have achieved. Although the ?rst generation of p- tein therapeutics was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli, most recent products use mammalian cells as production hosts. Not long after the ?rst p- duction of recombinant proteins in E. coli, it was realized that the complex tasks of most post-translational modi?cations on proteins could only be ef?ciently carried out in mammalian cells. In the 1990s, we witnessed a rapid expansion of mammalian-cell-derived protein therapeutics, chie?y antibodies. In fact, it has been nearly a decade since the market value of mammalian-cell-derived protein therapeutics surpassed that of those produced from E. coli. A common characteristic of recent antibody products is the relatively large dose required for effective therapy, demanding larger quantities for the treatment of a given disease. This, coupled with the broadening repertoire of protein drugs, has rapidly expanded the quantity needed for clinical applications. The increasing demand for protein therapeutics has not been met exclusively by construction of new manufacturing plants and increasing total volume capacity. More - portantly the productivity of cell culture processes has been driven upward by an order of magnitude in the past decade.

Analyzing T Cell Responses

Author : Dirk Nagorsen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 140203623X
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Analyzing T Cell Responses by : Dirk Nagorsen

Download or read book Analyzing T Cell Responses written by Dirk Nagorsen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Active specific immunotherapy is a promising but investigational modality in the management of cancer patients. Currently, several different cancer vaccine formulations such as peptides, proteins, antigen-pulsed dendritic cells, whole tumor cells, etc. in combination with various adjuvants and carriers are being evaluated in clinical trials (1-3). To determine the optimal cancer vaccine strategy, a surrogate immunological end-point that correlates with clinical outcome needs to be defined, since it would facilitate the rapid comparison of these various formulations. Traditional immunological assays such as ELISA, proliferation and cytotoxicity assays can detect immune responses in vaccinated patients but are not quantitative. In contrast, novel assays such as enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay, intracellular cytokine assay and tetramer assay can quantitate the frequency of antigen-specific T cells. Of these, the ELISPOT assay has the 5 lowest detection limit with 1/10 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and has been determined to be one of the most useful assays to evaluate immune response to cancer vaccines (4). However, the IFN-? ELISPOT assay is not an exclusive measure of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity as non-cytotoxic cells can also secrete IFN-?. Additionally, CTL with lytic activity do not always secrete IFN-? (5). A more relevant approach to assess functional activity of cytotoxic lymphocytes would be to measure the secretion of molecules that are associated with lytic activity. One of the major mechanisms of cell-mediated cytotoxicity involves exocytosis of cytoplasmic granules from the effector toward the target cell.