International Interplay

Download International Interplay PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443867659
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis International Interplay by : Riddhi Dasgupta

Download or read book International Interplay written by Riddhi Dasgupta and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-26 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are international tribunals heading towards greater sovereignty or towards greater liberalisation of property rights? Can we glean specific deductions from prevailing cases outside the expropriation arena? How can we justifiably extrapolate principles from international investment arbitration before modifying and applying these lessons to international human rights, the World Trade Organization regime and other dispute settlement systems? What, if any, degree of deference attends the assessment of various claims undertaken by international tribunals? Does this depend on high commerce, force majeure, military or paramilitary control, urgent nuclear and environmental considerations, transboundary harms, political instability, fraud and deception or other special circumstances? Where do textually strict treaty interpretations end and the general principles of international law take over? Can autonomous treaty interpretation by international tribunals be reconciled with the host State’s prerogative of defining its own protected public interests? Where is the tipping point, too frequently fraught with the potential to deprive States of the incentive to stay within the applicable international compact? These issues must be comparatively addressed. Contemporary international law developments and dislocations are occurring at a break-neck pace. We pause and contemplate the implications. Riddhi Dasgupta analyses the standards of Expropriation, Exhaustion of Local Remedies, Continuous Nationality, Non-Discrimination (National Treatment, Most Favoured Nation and Domestic Discrimination), Fair and Equitable Treatment, Minimum Standard of Treatment, and Compensation across international dispute settlement. The foundational and evolving concept of consent is required to justify all public international law, from genesis onwards. The potency of expropriation-based claims will continue to expand, and the comparative lessons drawn from various international law regimes will interplay to stirring effect. Writing accessibly, Dasgupta proposes various legal strategies going forward and makes analytical prognostications about this area of international law. Dasgupta presents influential interview and anecdotal results as well as statistics concerning the growing flow of investments in targeted jurisdictions and sectors. For the international lawyer’s benefit, the final chapter condenses the book’s tactical scenario-planning and advice. Institutional dialogues among tribunals as well as tribunal dialogues with politicians, investors, NGOs, and of course citizens (the ultimate boson) will assume absolutely indispensable significance. This will be the true tipping-point in the eye of the storm. Legitimacy, transparency, justice, efficiency and economy, candour, party autonomy, coherence, incentives, and the tense clash of interests reappear as the constant motifs in this important but relatively unknown saga. Studiedly neutral in its orientation, this book strives to promote constructive solutions as well as public awareness.

The Interplay Between Competition Law and Intellectual Property

Download The Interplay Between Competition Law and Intellectual Property PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041186905
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Interplay Between Competition Law and Intellectual Property by : Gabriella Muscolo

Download or read book The Interplay Between Competition Law and Intellectual Property written by Gabriella Muscolo and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-01-17 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although competition law and intellectual property are often interwoven, until this book there has been little guidance on how they work together in practice. As the intersection between the two fields continues to grow worldwide, both in case law and in regulation, the book's markets-based approach, focusing on sectors such as pharmaceuticals, IT, telecoms, energy and agriculture in eleven of the world's most active jurisdictions, provides a much-needed in-depth understanding of how this interplay reveals itself among the different legal systems. Written by a range of authors including judges, regulators, academics, economists and practitioners in both fields, the book provides an international comparative perspective as well as detailed analysis of specific cases, policies and proposals for change. Among the issues and topics covered are the following: – free movement of goods and the protection of intellectual property rights; – standard essential patents & injunction in patent cases; – intellectual property rights between technological development and consumer protection; – geo-blocking; – online platforms and antitrust; – excessive prices. In this context, special attention is paid throughout to the increasing dialogue among Competition Authorities and between Judges and Competition Authorities around the world. As matchless remedy for the lack of uniformity heretofore, the book's investigation of the nexus between competition law and intellectual property in different sectors and in various countries takes a giant step towards a more-balanced approach and more-levelled regulation and practices. It will be warmly appreciated by policy makers, decision makers, regulators, practitioners and academics in both competition law and intellectual property fields

The Interplay between the EU's Return Acquis and International Law

Download The Interplay between the EU's Return Acquis and International Law PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1839105232
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (391 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Interplay between the EU's Return Acquis and International Law by : Támas Molnár

Download or read book The Interplay between the EU's Return Acquis and International Law written by Támas Molnár and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This insightful book thoroughly examines how the EU’s return acquis is inspired by, and integrates, international migration and human rights law. It also explores how this body of EU law has shaped international law-making relating to the removal of non-nationals.

Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental Threats

Download Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental Threats PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402050984
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental Threats by : Elisabeta Chirila

Download or read book Chemicals as Intentional and Accidental Global Environmental Threats written by Elisabeta Chirila and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This multidisciplinary book presents a critical assessment of our knowledge of chemical threats to environmental security, with special reference to prevention of chemical releases, rapid detection, risk assessment and effective management of emergency situations and long-term consequences of chemical releases. The technologies evaluated concern mainly prevention and management of both intentional and accident releases of chemicals into the environment. The book features contributors from a range of relevant scientific fields.

Global Governance of Genetic Resources

Download Global Governance of Genetic Resources PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135135487
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Governance of Genetic Resources by : Sebastian Oberthür

Download or read book Global Governance of Genetic Resources written by Sebastian Oberthür and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-30 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the status and prospects of the global governance of Access Benefit Sharing (ABS) in the aftermath of 2010’s Nagoya Protocol to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). The CBD’s initial 1992 framework of global ABS governance established the objective of sharing the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources fairly between countries and communities. Since then, ABS has been a contested issue in international politics – not least due to the failure of effective implementation of the original CBD framework. The Nagoya Protocol therefore aims to improve and enhance this framework. Compared to the slow rate of progress on climate change, it has been considered a major achievement of global environmental governance, but it has also been coined a ‘masterpiece of ambiguity’. This book analyses the role of a variety of actors in the emergence of the Nagoya Protocol and provides an up-to-date assessment of the core features of the architecture of global ABS governance. This book offers a central resource regarding ABS governance for those working on and interested in global environmental governance. This is achieved by focusing on two broad themes of the wider research agenda on global environmental governance, namely architecture and agency. Furthermore, individual chapter contributions relate and link ABS governance to other prominent debates in the field, such as institutional complexes, compliance, market-based approaches, EU leadership, the role of small states, the role of non-state actors and more. Partly due to its seeming technical complexity, ABS governance has so far not been at the centre of attention of scholars and practitioners of global environmental governance. In this book, care is taken to provide an accessible account of key functional features of the governance system which enables non-specialists to gain a grasp on the main issues involved, allowing the issue of ABS governance to move centre-stage and be more fully recognised in discussions on global environmental governance.

Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship

Download Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1668487500
Total Pages : 457 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship by : Abe, Ethel Ndidiamaka

Download or read book Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship written by Abe, Ethel Ndidiamaka and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2023-12-01 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the face of a volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous world and unpredictable challenges, governments need to be able to detect those changes in real-time and quickly test policy responses to determine what works for businesses, communities, families, and individuals. Surprisingly, families and enterprises have interconnectivity. Most Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) started as household vendors of daily supplies. Understanding this linkage and putting them together with professional dexterity should position them both as the panacea for tackling eventualities in the future. Cases on the Interplay Between Family, Society, and Entrepreneurship adopts a multi-disciplinary approach to appraising and managing the subject matter. This book is underpinned by the need to offer a repository for policymakers in organizations, governments, SMMEs, and community leaders to appreciate the role and importance of the family and SMMEs in the economic landscape of nations. The book is impactful in creating awareness about the importance and role of family and family support to members, the community, and society at large. This book as a well-referenced, peer-reviewed, and expertly written multi-disciplinary book covering the humanities, entrepreneurship, human resource management, psychology, leadership, innovative technology, governance/political sciences, and education, add value to extant literature. The book is principally targeted at entrepreneurs, scholars, governments, opinion leaders/influencers, and entities who need competent referenced data on the subject matter as outlined.

Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics

Download Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000515141
Total Pages : 645 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics by : Paul G. Harris

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Global Environmental Politics written by Paul G. Harris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-03-24 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together leading international academic experts to provide a comprehensive and authoritative survey of global environmental politics. Fully revised, updated and expanded to 45 chapters, the book: • Describes the history of global environmental politics as a discipline and explains the various theories and perspectives used by scholars and students to understand it. • Examines the key actors and institutions in global environmental politics, explaining the roles of states, international organizations, regimes, international law, foreign policy institutions, domestic politics, corporations and transnational actors. • Addresses the ideas and themes shaping the practice and study of global environmental politics, including sustainability, consumption, expertise, uncertainty, security, diplomacy, North-South relations, globalization, justice, ethics, public participation and citizenship. • Assesses the key issues and policies within global environmental politics, including energy, climate change, ozone depletion, air pollution, acid rain, transport, persistent organic pollutants, hazardous wastes, rivers, wetlands, oceans, fisheries, marine mammals, biodiversity, migratory species, natural heritage, forests, desertification, food and agriculture. This second edition includes new chapters on plastics, climate change, energy, earth system governance and the Anthropocene. It is an invaluable resource for students, scholars, researchers and practitioners of environmental politics, environmental studies, environmental science, geography, globalization, international relations and political science.

Global Environment Outlook – GEO-6: Healthy Planet, Healthy People

Download Global Environment Outlook – GEO-6: Healthy Planet, Healthy People PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108770649
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Environment Outlook – GEO-6: Healthy Planet, Healthy People by : UN Environment

Download or read book Global Environment Outlook – GEO-6: Healthy Planet, Healthy People written by UN Environment and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published to coincide with the Fourth United Nations Environmental Assembly, UN Environment's sixth Global Environment Outlook calls on decision makers to take bold and urgent action to address pressing environmental issues in order to protect the planet and human health. By bringing together hundreds of scientists, peer reviewers and collaborating institutions and partners, the GEO reports build on sound scientific knowledge to provide governments, local authorities, businesses and individual citizens with the information needed to guide societies to a truly sustainable world by 2050. GEO-6 outlines the current state of the environment, illustrates possible future environmental trends and analyses the effectiveness of policies. This flagship report shows how governments can put us on the path to a truly sustainable future - emphasising that urgent and inclusive action is needed to achieve a healthy planet with healthy people. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Handbook of Global Education Policy

Download Handbook of Global Education Policy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111846804X
Total Pages : 632 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (184 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Global Education Policy by : Karen Mundy

Download or read book Handbook of Global Education Policy written by Karen Mundy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative new handbook offers a comprehensive overview of the ways in which domestic education policy is framed and influenced by global institutions and actors. Surveys current debates about the role of education in a global polity, highlights key transnational policy actors, accessibly introduces research methodologies, and outlines global agendas for education reform Includes contributions from an international cast of established and emerging scholars at the forefront of the field thoughtfully edited and organized by a team of world-renowned global education policy experts Each section features a thorough introduction designed to facilitate readers’ understanding of the subsequent material and highlight links to interdisciplinary global policy scholarship Written in an accessible and engaging style that will appeal to domestic and international policy practitioners, social scientists, and education scholars alike

Global Challenges in the Arctic Region

Download Global Challenges in the Arctic Region PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317128044
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Challenges in the Arctic Region by : Elena Conde

Download or read book Global Challenges in the Arctic Region written by Elena Conde and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together interconnected discussions to make explicit the complexity of the Arctic region, this book offers a legal discussion of the ongoing territorial disputes and challenges in order to frame their impact into the viability of different governance strategies that are available at the national, regional and international level. One of the intrinsic features of the region is the difficulty in the determination of boundaries, responsibilities and interests. Against this background, sovereignty issues are intertwined with environmental and geopolitical issues that ultimately affect global strategic balances and international trade and, at the same time, influence national approaches to basic rights and organizational schemes regarding the protection of indigenous peoples and inhabitants of the region. This perspective lays the ground for further discussion, revolving around the main clusters of governance (focusing on the Arctic Council and the European Union, with the particular roles and interest of Arctic and non-Arctic states, and the impact on indigenous populations), environment (including the relevance of national regulatory schemes, and the intertwinement with concerns related to energy, or migration), strategy (concentrating in geopolitical realities and challenges analysed from different perspectives and focusing on different actors, and covering security and climate change related challenges). This collection provides an avenue for parallel and converging research of complex realities from different disciplines, through the expertise of scholars from different latitudes.

The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education

Download The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040017088
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education by : Paul Downes

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education written by Paul Downes and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-05-13 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a cornerstone to the global debate on equity and inclusion within education, this handbook explores equity issues pertaining to poverty and social class, race, ethnicity, sociocultural, sociolinguistic exclusion in education and recognises intersectionality and gender across these dimensions. This carefully curated collection of essays written by international experts promotes inclusive systems in education that explicitly recognise the voices of learners who may be at risk of marginalisation, exclusion or underachievement. Developing a multilayered innovative conceptual framework involving spatial, emotional-relational and dialogical 'turns' for education, it emphasises key system points for reform, including building strategic bridges between health and education for vulnerable groups and shifts in focus for initial teacher education and the wider curriculum. The handbook is organised into the following key parts: Theoretical Frameworks Funding Models and Structures for Equity and Inclusive Systems Exclusion and Discrimination Bridging Health and Education Agency and Empowerment Outreach and Engagement The Routledge International Handbook of Equity and Inclusion in Education will be of great value to academics operating in the areas of education, psychology, sociology, social policy, ethnography, cultural studies; researchers in university research centres and in policy institutes pertaining to education, poverty, social inclusion as well as international organisations involved with inclusion in education.

Dance—The Sacred Art

Download Dance—The Sacred Art PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Turner Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 1594733317
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (947 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Dance—The Sacred Art by : Cynthia Winton-Henry

Download or read book Dance—The Sacred Art written by Cynthia Winton-Henry and published by Turner Publishing Company. This book was released on 2011-05-06 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlock the transformative power of movement as a life-changing spiritual practice. If youre thinking But Im not a dancer or I feel awkward, I hope to reassure you. You dont need a special talent to move. You dont need to be graceful or especially coordinated. You dont need a body thats in shape. Dancing helps us embrace all this humanity. Dance connects us to the holy of life. from the Introduction Seize the joy and healing power of dance! Drawing from her years of experience as a dance and movement teacher, and as cofounder of the international dance organization InterPlay, Cynthia Winton-Henry helps you overcome your embarrassment or anxiety and discover in dance a place of solace and restoration, as well as an energizing spiritual force. She taps into the spirit of dancing throughout history and in many world cultures to provide detailed exercises that will help you learn to trust your body and interpret its physical and spiritual intentions. For both newcomers and seasoned movers alike, she encourages you to embrace dance as a spiritual tool to: Celebrate your unique spirituality and get in touch with your emotions Unify your body and mind, and push your personal boundaries Work through trauma or crisis and restore spiritual well-being Deepen your relationships and strengthen your community Find spiritual direction ... and much more!

Legal Issues in Global Contexts

Download Legal Issues in Global Contexts PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351865072
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Legal Issues in Global Contexts by : Kirk St. Amant

Download or read book Legal Issues in Global Contexts written by Kirk St. Amant and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, it has been said, the world is "flat," as online media allow information to move easily from point to point across the earth. International legal differences, however, are increasingly affecting the ease with which data and ideas can be shared across nations. Copyright law, for example, affects the international flow of materials by stipulating who has the right to replicate or to share certain kinds of content. Similarly, perspectives on privacy rights can differ from nation to nation and affect how personal information is shared globally. Moreover, national laws can affect the exchange of ideas by stipulating the language in which information must be presented in different geopolitical regions. Today's technical communicators need to understand how legal factors can affect communication practices if they wish to work effectively in global contexts. This collection provides an overview of different legal aspects that technical communicators might encounter when creating materials or sharing information in international environments. Through addressing topics ranging from privacy rights and information exchange to the legalities of business practices in virtual worlds and perspectives on authorship and ownership, the contributors to this volume examine a variety of communication-based legal issues that can cause problems or miscommunication in international interactions. Reviewing such topics from different perspectives, the authors collectively provide ideas that could serve as a foundation for creating best practices on or for engaging in future research in the area of legal issues in international settings.

Move

Download Move PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wood Lake Publishing Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1770649166
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (76 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Move by : Cynthia Winton-Henry

Download or read book Move written by Cynthia Winton-Henry and published by Wood Lake Publishing Inc.. This book was released on 2016-10-12 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Global-Local Tradeoffs, Order-Disorder Consequences

Download Global-Local Tradeoffs, Order-Disorder Consequences PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811694192
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global-Local Tradeoffs, Order-Disorder Consequences by : Imtiaz A. Hussain

Download or read book Global-Local Tradeoffs, Order-Disorder Consequences written by Imtiaz A. Hussain and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-31 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, ten substantive chapters examine how collisions between technological developments (globalizing forces) and thickening populist pressures (localizing dynamics) constantly keep reinventing the state in unforeseen and unpredictable ways. We learn of how international organizations have fared, and to what extent grass-roots grumbles have impacted big-picture developments in quite diverse parts of the world. Just placing unfolding crises under the microscope cannot but generate policy-solving observations. Treated in corresponding order, these crises revolve around adjusting international institutions; absorbing current populist outbursts; shifting from peacekeeping to peacemaking; spying in the global south; absorbing displaced persons; Rwandan land reform; pandemic and RMG readjustments; Bangladesh’s democratic transition; Rohingyan-Syrian refugees; and Mexico’s 1990s liberalization. Though overarching, observations in the book accent state strength battling with state porosity; the downward spiraling of global order; and the simple lack of any controlling mechanism against globalizing/localizing dynamics in the trenches of everyday life being matched by continued uncertainty on the analytical plane.

The Interplay of Data, Technology, Place and People for Smart Learning

Download The Interplay of Data, Technology, Place and People for Smart Learning PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319920227
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Interplay of Data, Technology, Place and People for Smart Learning by : Hendrik Knoche

Download or read book The Interplay of Data, Technology, Place and People for Smart Learning written by Hendrik Knoche and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-18 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers contributions to the 3rd International Conference on Smart Learning Ecosystems and Regional Developments (SLERD 2018), held at Aalborg University, Denmark on 23–25 May 2018. What characterizes smart learning ecosystems? What is their role in city and regional development and innovation? How can we promote citizen engagement in smart learning ecosystems? These are some of the questions addressed at SLERD 2018 and documented in these proceedings, which include a diverse range of papers intended to help understand, conceive, and promote innovative human-centric design and development methods, education/training practices, informal social learning, and citizen-driven policies. The papers elaborate on the notion of smart learning ecosystems, assess the relation of smart learning ecosystems with their physical surroundings, and identify new resources for smart learning. SLERD 2018 contributes to foster the social innovation sectors, ICT and economic development and deployment strategies, as well as new policies for smarter, more proactive citizens. As such, these proceedings are relevant for researchers and policymakers alike.

Food Safety and the WTO:The Interplay of Culture, Science and Technology

Download Food Safety and the WTO:The Interplay of Culture, Science and Technology PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN 13 : 9041198490
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (411 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Food Safety and the WTO:The Interplay of Culture, Science and Technology by : Marsha Echols

Download or read book Food Safety and the WTO:The Interplay of Culture, Science and Technology written by Marsha Echols and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2001-11-16 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today's international trade regime explicitly rejects cultural perceptions of what is safe to eat, overturning millennia of tradition. The World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) enshrines "science" as the arbiter in resolving disputes involving this vital human need. This mandate, however, is under attack from many quarters. Critics cite environmental and ethical concerns, unpredictably changing technology, taste, food preferences, local culture, adequacy of governmental implementation of WTO standards, and the reliability of scientific opinion. A basic conflict has crystallized: food as culture versus food as commerce. The WTO/SPS approach is increasingly challenged for its balance in favor of economic considerations, and for its visible undermining of unique cultural identities. This important book explores the relationship between the SPS Agreement, food traditions, science, and technology. It deliberately confronts those trade experts who refuse to allow other social sciences to influence their economics-based trade theory. The author ably investigates the local perception of food and food safety from the anthropological and historical points of view, the evolution of food production technologies, and the medicinal, proscriptive (taboo) and security aspects of food that continue to prevail in nearly all cultures today. She succeeds in demonstrating that, no matter how strong the faith in science and economics, it is unwise to flagrantly dismiss the deeply rooted beliefs of billions of people, a huge majority of the world's population. The Beef Hormones case; the remaining sovereignty related to food safety measures; the increasing significance of "appropriate levels of protection" and "the precautionary principle"; the redefinition of "food hazard" to include production processes as well as food itself; genetically modified seeds and food products; the concept of "risk" in the science-based context of the Codex Alimentarius - these are among the issues and topics covered in depth. The author concludes that, although quick "legal" resolutions of trade disputes about what people should or should not eat might provide a "win" for open trade, support for the entire structure and rationale of the WTO is undermined unless (at the least) some flexibility of interpretation is introduced into the WTO Dispute Resolution System in order to recognize the weight and validity of public opinion. Food safety is arguably the most important issue affecting international commerce today, urgently demanding enlightened discussion and action based on global consensus. This well-researched and thoughtful contribution offers significant clarification and perspective to policymakers, lawyers, academics and others engaged in this critical human drama in progress on the world stage.