Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children

Download Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309376882
Total Pages : 397 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Mental Disorders and Disabilities Among Low-Income Children written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-10-28 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children living in poverty are more likely to have mental health problems, and their conditions are more likely to be severe. Of the approximately 1.3 million children who were recipients of Supplemental Security Income (SSI) disability benefits in 2013, about 50% were disabled primarily due to a mental disorder. An increase in the number of children who are recipients of SSI benefits due to mental disorders has been observed through several decades of the program beginning in 1985 and continuing through 2010. Nevertheless, less than 1% of children in the United States are recipients of SSI disability benefits for a mental disorder. At the request of the Social Security Administration, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children compares national trends in the number of children with mental disorders with the trends in the number of children receiving benefits from the SSI program, and describes the possible factors that may contribute to any differences between the two groups. This report provides an overview of the current status of the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, and the levels of impairment in the U.S. population under age 18. The report focuses on 6 mental disorders, chosen due to their prevalence and the severity of disability attributed to those disorders within the SSI disability program: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder, autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, learning disabilities, and mood disorders. While this report is not a comprehensive discussion of these disorders, Mental Disorders and Disability Among Low-Income Children provides the best currently available information regarding demographics, diagnosis, treatment, and expectations for the disorder time course - both the natural course and under treatment.

Intellectual Disability in Health and Social Care

Download Intellectual Disability in Health and Social Care PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317818938
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intellectual Disability in Health and Social Care by : Stacey Atkinson

Download or read book Intellectual Disability in Health and Social Care written by Stacey Atkinson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-16 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many practitioners within health and social care come into contact with people with intellectual disabilities and want to work in ways that are beneficial to them by making reasonable adjustments in order to meet clients’ needs and expectations. Yet the health and wellbeing of people with learning disabilities continues to be a neglected area, where unnecessary suffering and premature deaths continue to prevail. This text provides a comprehensive insight into intellectual disability healthcare. It is aimed at those who are training in the field of intellectual disability nursing and also untrained practitioners who work in both health and social care settings. Divided into five sections, it explores how a wide range of biological, health, psychological and social barriers impact upon people with learning disability, and includes: Six guiding principles used to adjust, plan and develop meaningful and accessible health and social services Assessment, screening and diagnosis of intellectual disability across the life course Addressing lifelong health needs Psychological and psychotherapeutic issues, including sexuality, behavioural and mental health needs, bereavement, and ethical concerns. The changing professional roles and models of meeting the needs of people with intellectual and learning disabilities. Intellectual Disability in Health and Social Care provides a wide-ranging overview of what learning disability professionals’ roles are and provides insight into what health and social care practitioners might do to assist someone with intellectual disabilities when specific needs arise.

Intellectual Disability

Download Intellectual Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199781524
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intellectual Disability by : James C. Harris, M.D.

Download or read book Intellectual Disability written by James C. Harris, M.D. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-24 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 2.5 million people in the United States--one percent of the population--have an intellectual disability (previously referred to as mental retardation). These conditions range from genetic disorders such as Down syndrome to disabilities caused by infectious diseases and brain injury. Intellectual Disability: A Guide for Families and Professionals, by one of the country's foremost authorities on intellectual disability, is a comprehensive resource that will be of importance to anyone with a personal connection to a child or adult with a neurodevelopmental disorder. Emphasizing the humanity of persons with intellectual and related developmental disabilities, psychiatrist and pediatrician James Harris provides essential information on assessment and diagnosis of intellectual disability, treatments for specific disorders, and ways to take advantage of the wide array of services available today. The focus throughout is on the development of the person, the positive supports necessary for self-determination, and, to the extent possible, independent decision making. Harris also surveys historical attitudes toward intellectual disability, the medical community's current understanding of its causes and frequency, and the associated physical, behavioral, and psychiatric conditions (such as seizure disorder, depression, and autism) that often accompany particular types of intellectual disability. The book addresses legal, medical, mental health, and research-related issues as well as matters of spirituality, highlighting the ways in which individuals with intellectual disability can meaningfully participate in the spiritual lives of their families and their communities. Each chapter ends with a series of key points to remember, and the book concludes with a list of additional resources of further interest. Intellectual Disability is a must-read for parents and families of those with neurodevelopmental disorders, providing guidance and essential information to help their family members effectively, and to make a significant, positive difference in their lives now and in the future.

Learning About Learning Disabilities

Download Learning About Learning Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483295397
Total Pages : 666 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Learning About Learning Disabilities by : Po-Zen Wong

Download or read book Learning About Learning Disabilities written by Po-Zen Wong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first textbook to give equal attention to the intellectual, conceptual, and practical aspects of learning disabilities. Topical coverage is both comprehensive and thorough, and the information presented is up-to-date. Provides a balanced focus on both the conceptual and practical aspects of learning disabilities (LD)**The research covered is far more comprehensive and of greater depth than any other LD textbook**The work is distinctive in its treatment of such important areas as consultation skills and service delivery

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

Download Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : American Psychiatric Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781955245180
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (451 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) by : American Psychiatric Association

Download or read book Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) written by American Psychiatric Association and published by American Psychiatric Publishing. This book was released on 2021-09-24 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health

Download Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119487560
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health by : Edilma L. Yearwood

Download or read book Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health written by Edilma L. Yearwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research has shown that a range of adult psychiatric disorders and mental health problems originate at an early age, yet the psychiatric symptoms of an increasing number of children and adolescents are going unrecognized and untreated—there are simply not enough child psychiatric providers to meet this steadily rising demand. It is vital that advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) and primary care practitioners take active roles in assessing behavioral health presentations and work collaboratively with families and other healthcare professionals to ensure that all children and adolescents receive appropriate treatment. Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health helps APRNs address the mental health needs of this vulnerable population, providing practical guidance on assessment guidelines, intervention and treatment strategies, indications for consultation, collaboration, referral, and more. Now in its second edition, this comprehensive and timely resource has been fully updated to include DSM-5 criteria and the latest guidance on assessing, diagnosing, and treating the most common behavioral health issues facing young people. New and expanded chapters cover topics including eating disorders, bullying and victimization, LGBTQ identity issues, and conducting research with high-risk children and adolescents. Edited and written by a team of accomplished child psychiatric and primary care practitioners, this authoritative volume: Provides state-of-the-art knowledge about specific psychiatric and behavioral health issues in multiple care settings Reviews the clinical manifestation and etiology of behavioral disorders, risk and management issues, and implications for practice, research, and education Offers approaches for interviewing children and adolescents, and strategies for integrating physical and psychiatric screening Discusses special topics such as legal and ethical issues, cultural influences, the needs of immigrant children, and child and adolescent mental health policy Features a new companion website containing clinical case studies to apply concepts from the chapters Designed to specifically address the issues faced by APRNs, Child and Adolescent Behavioral Health is essential reading for nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists, particularly those working in family, pediatric, community health, psychiatric, and mental health settings. *Second Place in the Child Health Category, 2021 American Journal of Nursing Book of the Year Awards*

Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing

Download Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019878287X
Total Pages : 657 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing by : Owen Barr

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing written by Owen Barr and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2018-11-22 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition of the Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing has been fully updated, with a greater focus on older people with learning and intellectual disabilities and mental health issues, as well as bringing all recommendations in line with current guidelines. Since the first edition of this book was published, services for people with learning disabilities and their families have become more community-based, and the demography of the population of people with learning disabilities has changed to include many older people, and children and young adults with complex physical health needs. This handbook provides clear information for readers on practical steps that may be taken to actively engage with people who have learning disabilities, to enable effective care in which they are involved as much as possible with decisions that affect them. This book also covers differences in legislation and social policy across the constituent countries in the United Kingdom and Ireland, including changes that have been implemented since serious case reviews into institutional abuse. An emergencies section provides key information at critical times in practice. The chapter on practice resources has been fully revised to bring together the latest tools to support nurses, complete with links for easy access. Written by experienced practitioners who are recognised experts in their areas of speciality, the Oxford Handbook of Learning and Intellectual Disability Nursing is an invaluable guide for students, community and hospital based nurses, and all those who work with people with intellectual disabilities as part of a multidisciplinary team.

Belonging for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities

Download Belonging for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429536313
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Belonging for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities by : Melanie Nind

Download or read book Belonging for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities written by Melanie Nind and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book pushes the boundaries in the way we approach people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities, and in how we work with them in education and research. While it is grounded in diverse theoretical frameworks and disciplines, the book coheres around a commitment to seeing people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities as equal citizens who belong in our classrooms, research projects and community lives. Each section covers policy contexts, key ideas and recent research. Featuring contributions from around the world, the book incorporates established and new voices, different disciplines and experiences. Additionally, it includes pieces from family members of people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. Divided into three parts, the book explores three main topics: Belonging in education Belonging in research Belonging in communities Belonging for People with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities is an invaluable resource for scholars, professionals and postgraduate research students with an interest in children or adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities.

Intellectual Disability and Being Human

Download Intellectual Disability and Being Human PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317271858
Total Pages : 283 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intellectual Disability and Being Human by : Chrissie Rogers

Download or read book Intellectual Disability and Being Human written by Chrissie Rogers and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intellectual disability is often overlooked within mainstream disability studies, and theories developed about disability and physical impairment may not always be appropriate when thinking about intellectual (or learning) disability. This pioneering book, in considering intellectually disabled people's lives, sets out a care ethics model of disability that outlines the emotional caring sphere, where love and care are psycho-socially questioned, the practical caring sphere, where day-to-day care is carried out, and the socio-political caring sphere, where social intolerance and aversion to difficult differences are addressed. It does so by discussing issue-based everyday life, such as family, relationships, media representations and education, in an evocative and creative manner. This book draws from an understanding of how intellectual disability is represented in all forms of media, a feminist ethics of care, and capabilities, as well as other theories, to provide a critique and alternative to the social model of disability as well as illuminate care-less spaces that inhabit all the caring spheres. The first two chapters of the book provide an overview of intellectual disability, the debates surrounding disability, and outline the model. Having begun to develop an innovative theoretical framework for understanding intellectual disability and being human, the book then moves onto empirical and narrative driven issue-based chapters. The following chapters build on the emergent framework and discuss the application of particular theories in three different substantive areas: education, mothering and sexual politics. The concluding remarks draw together the common themes across the applied chapters and link them to the overarching theoretical framework. An important read for all those studying and researching intellectual or learning disability, this book will be an essential resource in sociology, philosophy, criminology (law), social work, education and nursing in particular.

Learning disabilities screening and evaluation guide for low- and middle-income countries

Download Learning disabilities screening and evaluation guide for low- and middle-income countries PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : RTI Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Learning disabilities screening and evaluation guide for low- and middle-income countries by : Anne M. Hayes

Download or read book Learning disabilities screening and evaluation guide for low- and middle-income countries written by Anne M. Hayes and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2018-04-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning disabilities are among the most common disabilities experienced in childhood and adulthood. Although identifying learning disabilities in a school setting is a complex process, it is particularly challenging in low- and middle-income countries that lack the appropriate resources, tools, and supports. This guide provides an introduction to learning disabilities and describes the processes and practices that are necessary for the identification process. It also describes a phased approach that countries can use to assess their current screening and evaluation services, as well as determine the steps needed to develop, strengthen, and build systems that support students with learning disabilities. This guide also provides intervention recommendations that teachers and school administrators can implement at each phase of system development. Although this guide primarily addresses learning disabilities, the practices, processes, and systems described may be also used to improve the identification of other disabilities commonly encountered in schools.

Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities

Download Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030208435
Total Pages : 1115 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities by : Johnny L. Matson

Download or read book Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 1115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook offers a comprehensive review of intellectual disabilities (ID). It examines historical perspectives and foundational principles in the field. The handbook addresses philosophy of care for individuals with ID, as well as parent and professional issues and organizations, staffing, and working on multidisciplinary teams. Chapters explore issues of client protection, risk factors of ID, basic research issues, and legal concerns. In addition, chapters include information on evidence-based assessments and innovative treatments to address a variety of behaviors associated with ID. The handbook provides an in-depth analysis of comorbid physical disorders, such as cerebral palsy, epilepsy and seizures, and developmental coordination disorders (DCD), in relation to ID. Topics featured in this handbook include: Informed consent and the enablement of persons with ID. The responsible use of restraint and seclusion as a protective measure. Vocational training and job preparation programs that assist individuals with ID. Psychological and educational approaches to the treatment of aggression and tantrums. Emerging technologies that support learning for students with ID. Key sexuality and relationship issues that are faced by individuals with ID. Effective approaches to weight management for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The Handbook of Intellectual Disabilities is an essential reference for researchers, graduate students, clinicians and related therapists and professionals in clinical child and school psychology, pediatrics, social work, developmental psychology, behavioral therapy/rehabilitation, child and adolescent psychiatry, and special education.

Intellectual Disability:

Download Intellectual Disability: PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536178678
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (786 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Intellectual Disability: by : Ariel Tenenbaum

Download or read book Intellectual Disability: written by Ariel Tenenbaum and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Developmental disabilities or neurodevelopmental disabilities (includes intellectual disability) are a diverse group of chronic disorders that begin at anytime during the development process (including conception, birth, and growth) up to 22 years of age and last throughout an individual's lifetime. Major disabilities include intellectual disabilities, learning disabilities, communication disorders, autism spectrum disorders, cerebral palsy, and neural tube defects. We provide an introduction and review epidemiology of major disabilities and have also gathered international research from United States, Australia, Ghana, Jordan, Ireland, Italy and India on various aspects of intellectual and developmental disability, which we hope will be of interest to our readers"--

Handbook of Research-Based Practices for Educating Students with Intellectual Disability

Download Handbook of Research-Based Practices for Educating Students with Intellectual Disability PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317566238
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Research-Based Practices for Educating Students with Intellectual Disability by : Michael L. Wehmeyer

Download or read book Handbook of Research-Based Practices for Educating Students with Intellectual Disability written by Michael L. Wehmeyer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-10-14 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Research-Based Practices for Educating Students with Intellectual Disability provides an integrated, transdisciplinary overview of research-based practices for teaching students with intellectual disability. This comprehensive volume emphasizes education across life stages, from early intervention in schools through the transition to adulthood, and highlights major educational and support needs of children and youth with intellectual disability. The implications of history, recent research, and existing information are positioned to systematically advance new practices and explore promising possibilities in the field. Driven by the collaboration of accomplished, nationally recognized professionals of varied approaches and philosophies, the book emphasizes practices that have been shown to be effective through multiple methodologies, so as to help readers select interventions based on the evidence of their effectiveness.

Rethinking Learning Disabilities

Download Rethinking Learning Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 1462503349
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Rethinking Learning Disabilities by : Deborah P. Waber

Download or read book Rethinking Learning Disabilities written by Deborah P. Waber and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2011-09-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts have yet to reach consensus about what a learning disability is, how to determine if a child has one, and what to do about it. Leading researcher and clinician Deborah Waber offers an alternative to the prevailing view of learning disability as a problem contained within the child. Instead, she shows how learning difficulties are best understood as a function of the developmental interaction between the child and the world. Integrating findings from education, developmental psychology, and cognitive neuroscience, she offers a novel approach with direct practical implications. Detailed real-world case studies illustrate how this approach can promote positive outcomes for children who struggle in school.

Inclusive Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities

Download Inclusive Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1681230003
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (812 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inclusive Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities by : Rhonda G. Craven

Download or read book Inclusive Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities written by Rhonda G. Craven and published by IAP. This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a social justice endeavor, one of the goals of inclusive education is to bolster the education of all students by promoting equal opportunities for all, and investing sufficient support, curriculum and pedagogy that cultivates high self-concepts, emphasizes students’ strengths rather than weaknesses, and assists students to reach their optimal potential to make a contribution to society. Dedicated to the identification of international strategies to achieve this goal, Inclusive Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities presents examples of theory, research, policy, and practice that will advance our understanding of how best to educate and more generally structure educational environments to promote social justice and equity. Importantly, this discussion transcends research methodology, context, and geographical locations and may lead to far-reaching applications. As such, the focus is placed on research-derived educational and psycho-educative practices that seed success for students with intellectual disabilities in inclusive educational settings and the volume showcases new directions in theory, research, and practice that may inform the education and psychosocial development of students with intellectual disabilities globally. The chapter contributors in this volume consist of 31 scholars from ten different countries, and they come from a great variety of research areas (i.e., teacher education, educational psychology, special education and disability policy, special needs and inclusive education, health sciences). This volume, with a series of subsections, offers insights and useful strategies to promote meaningful advances for students with intellectual disabilities globally.

Educating College Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Download Educating College Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415524377
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Educating College Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Dianne Berkell Zager

Download or read book Educating College Students with Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Dianne Berkell Zager and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Similar to a handbook in its comprehensive description of the theory and research supporting current practices in the treatment of autism spectrum disorders, this interdisciplinary text shows how the existing knowledge base can be used to explore promising new possibilities related to the field's many unanswered questions.

Neurological, Psychiatric, and Developmental Disorders

Download Neurological, Psychiatric, and Developmental Disorders PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309170931
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Neurological, Psychiatric, and Developmental Disorders by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Neurological, Psychiatric, and Developmental Disorders written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain disordersâ€"neurological, psychiatric, and developmentalâ€"now affect at least 250 million people in the developing world, and this number is expected to rise as life expectancy increases. Yet public and private health systems in developing countries have paid relatively little attention to brain disorders. The negative attitudes, prejudice, and stigma that often surround many of these disorders have contributed to this neglect. Lacking proper diagnosis and treatment, millions of individual lives are lost to disability and death. Such conditions exact both personal and economic costs on families, communities, and nations. The report describes the causes and risk factors associated with brain disorders. It focuses on six representative brain disorders that are prevalent in developing countries: developmental disabilities, epilepsy, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and stroke. The report makes detailed recommendations of ways to reduce the toll exacted by these six disorders. In broader strokes, the report also proposes six major strategies toward reducing the overall burden of brain disorders in the developing world.