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Author : Justin C. Estep
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Initial Task Difficulty and Category Learning written by Justin C. Estep and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John C. Dunn
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319731297
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)
Download or read book State-Trace Analysis written by John C. Dunn and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to the theory, method, and practice of State-Trace Analysis (STA), and includes a detailed tutorial on the statistical analysis of state-trace designs. The book offers instructions on how to perform state-trace analysis using the authors' own publicly-available software in both Matlab and R. The book begins by discussing the general framework for thinking about the relationships between independent variables, latent variables, and dependent variables. Subsequent chapters provide a software package that can be used to fit state-trace models as well as additional designs and examples. The book concludes with a discussion on potential extensions of STA and additional aspects of its application. State-Trace Analysis will be of interest to researchers and graduate students working in experimental, applied, and cognitive psychology.
Author : Kevin A. Gluck
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135610487
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (356 download)
Download or read book Modeling Human Behavior With Integrated Cognitive Architectures written by Kevin A. Gluck and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2006-04-21 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resulting from the need for greater realism in models of human and organizational behavior in military simulations, there has been increased interest in research on integrative models of human performance, both within the cognitive science community generally, and within the defense and aerospace industries in particular. This book documents accomplishments and lessons learned in a multi-year project to examine the ability of a range of integrated cognitive modeling architectures to explain and predict human behavior in a common task environment that requires multi-tasking and concept learning. This unique project, called the Agent-Based Modeling and Behavior Representation (AMBR) Model Comparison, involved a series of human performance model evaluations in which the processes and performance levels of computational cognitive models were compared to each other and to human operators performing the identical tasks. In addition to quantitative data comparing the performance of the models and real human performance, the book also presents a qualitatively oriented discussion of the practical and scientific considerations that arise in the course of attempting this kind of model development and validation effort. The primary audiences for this book are people in academia, industry, and the military who are interested in explaining and predicting complex human behavior using computational cognitive modeling approaches. The book should be of particular interest to individuals in any sector working in Psychology, Cognitive Science, Artificial Intelligence, Industrial Engineering, System Engineering, Human Factors, Ergonomics and Operations Research. Any technically or scientifically oriented professional or student should find the material fully accessible without extensive mathematical background.
Author : Susan A. Ambrose
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470617608
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)
Download or read book How Learning Works written by Susan A. Ambrose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for How Learning Works "How Learning Works is the perfect title for this excellent book. Drawing upon new research in psychology, education, and cognitive science, the authors have demystified a complex topic into clear explanations of seven powerful learning principles. Full of great ideas and practical suggestions, all based on solid research evidence, this book is essential reading for instructors at all levels who wish to improve their students' learning." —Barbara Gross Davis, assistant vice chancellor for educational development, University of California, Berkeley, and author, Tools for Teaching "This book is a must-read for every instructor, new or experienced. Although I have been teaching for almost thirty years, as I read this book I found myself resonating with many of its ideas, and I discovered new ways of thinking about teaching." —Eugenia T. Paulus, professor of chemistry, North Hennepin Community College, and 2008 U.S. Community Colleges Professor of the Year from The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and the Council for Advancement and Support of Education "Thank you Carnegie Mellon for making accessible what has previously been inaccessible to those of us who are not learning scientists. Your focus on the essence of learning combined with concrete examples of the daily challenges of teaching and clear tactical strategies for faculty to consider is a welcome work. I will recommend this book to all my colleagues." —Catherine M. Casserly, senior partner, The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching "As you read about each of the seven basic learning principles in this book, you will find advice that is grounded in learning theory, based on research evidence, relevant to college teaching, and easy to understand. The authors have extensive knowledge and experience in applying the science of learning to college teaching, and they graciously share it with you in this organized and readable book." —From the Foreword by Richard E. Mayer, professor of psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara; coauthor, e-Learning and the Science of Instruction; and author, Multimedia Learning
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Army Research Institute Program in Basic Research written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Todd R Schachtman
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199735964
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)
Download or read book Associative Learning and Conditioning Theory written by Todd R Schachtman and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Organisms survive and succeed because of their ability to learn and adapt to changing circumstances and new demands. As discussed in the chapters of the present volume, an appreciation of the mechanisms and principles of learning and conditioning is fundamental to any analysis of normal behavior as well as to an informed understanding of our well being (including examination of such issues as anxiety and fear, brain-immune system interactions, drug addiction and abuse, emotional learning, and social behavior) and mental health (for example, autism, depression, helplessness and schizophrenia). The twenty-three chapters in this volume, written by a distinguished collection of internationally renowned scholars, articulate the basic, yet sophisticated, way in which learning and conditioning processes influence our everyday behaviors, both normal and maladaptive, and help explain a variety of clinically important phenomena and disorders.
Author : Henri Cohen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128097663
Total Pages : 1277 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science written by Henri Cohen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-06-03 with total page 1277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Categorization in Cognitive Science, Second Edition presents the study of categories and the process of categorization as viewed through the lens of the founding disciplines of the cognitive sciences, and how the study of categorization has long been at the core of each of these disciplines. The literature on categorization reveals there is a plethora of definitions, theories, models and methods to apprehend this central object of study. The contributions in this handbook reflect this diversity. For example, the notion of category is not uniform across these contributions, and there are multiple definitions of the notion of concept. Furthermore, the study of category and categorization is approached differently within each discipline. For some authors, the categories themselves constitute the object of study, whereas for others, it is the process of categorization, and for others still, it is the technical manipulation of large chunks of information. Finally, yet another contrast has to do with the biological versus artificial nature of agents or categorizers. - Defines notions of category and categorization - Discusses the nature of categories: discrete, vague, or other - Explores the modality effects on categories - Bridges the category divide - calling attention to the bridges that have already been built, and avenues for further cross-fertilization between disciplines
Author : Fernanda Pérez Gay Juarez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book How and why Does Category Learning Cause Categorical Perception? Behavioural, Neural and Computational Aspects written by Fernanda Pérez Gay Juarez and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Categorical Perception (CP) occurs when our categories influence our perception, making members of the same category look more alike (compression) and members of different categories look more different (separation). It is known that CP occurs innately for colors, phonemes and facial expressions, and it is now emerging that categorical perception can also be induced by category learning. In this thesis, we report a series of experiments in which we induced CP effects by training human participants to sort multifeatured visual stimuli into two categories by trial and error. To measure CP, we compared subjects' dissimilarity judgements before and after the categorization training. The categorization tasks and stimuli varied in degree of difficulty, defined a-priori as the proportion of stimuli features that co-varied with category membership (the smaller the proportion of co-varying features, the harder the task). The visual stimuli used in the first and second manuscripts were black and white squared shaped textures, composed of distributed features; in our third manuscript, we used line-drawings of fish with local, shape-based features. Overall, the results of the reported experiments show positive evidence for changes in perception after having learned a visual category. The mechanisms behind these changes were assessed with analyses of underlying brain activity (Event Related Potentials) and cognitive modeling with Artificial Neural Networks. The first manuscript reports behavioral indices of category learning and learned CP effects -separation and compression- in three separate experiments with human subjects and sketches a simple neural network model for category learning that showed similar CP effects. While the nets showed a strong negative correlation between the proportion of covariant features and the task difficulty, this correlation was not evident in the human participants. We concluded that, unlike the nets, the human visual system does not treat the visual features equally, some of them being more salient than others. The second manuscript reports changes in early and late components of the visual ERP after having learned to categorize the stimuli: A decrease in the occipital N1, related to selective attention and feature extraction, and an increase in the parietal Late Positive Component (LPC), associated with memory-related judgements, decision accuracy and response confidence. We also report two significant correlations: one between the amplitude of the N1 after having learned the categories and the degree of separation and another one between the amplitude of the LPC and the response accuracy during the categorization task. We interpret the changes on the N1 as related to the mechanisms behind the perceptual change after learning a category, while the changes on the LPC would account for later-stage cognitive processing affected by category learning. Finally, our third manuscript reports learned CP effects and its electrophysiological correlates for a different kind of stimuli: fish with shape-based local features. After learning, we observed both compression and separation and also changes in early and late components of the visual ERP. While the LPC showed the same pattern as in Manuscript 2 (an increase in amplitude after category learning), the effects on the N1 were less robust; the early changes were observed in another ERP component, the P1, related to selective attention for pre-cued spatial locations. These results suggest that the early brain processes through which we extract localized and distributed features during categorization differ, while the later higher-stage cognitive processes associated with categorical decision making remain the same. Taken together, the results of these three studies provide further evidence that learning to categorize unfamiliar stimuli induces Learned CP effects while providing behavioural, neural and computational evidence to explain the mechanisms that generate it" --
Author : B. Burns
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080867472
Total Pages : 715 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Percepts, Concepts and Categories written by B. Burns and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1992-10-09 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most important distinction derived from the computational view of thought is between structures and processes. So proclaimed Farah and Kosslyn in 1982, arguing that structures and processes cannot be examined in isolation and concluding that converging operations are required to isolate the structure-process pair that can explain a particular finding. The distinction between structure and process within the study of percepts, concepts and categories is considered in depth in this volume, with penetrating commentaries by fellow authors concluding each chapter. This interesting format achieves a broad coverage of the various aspects and implications of the structure-process distinction. It affords a salient indication of the diversity of positions as to the description and utility of distinguishing structures and processors. At the same time, it reveals that researchers specializing in areas of study ranging from simple structure and process involved in perceptual organization and texture to complex structure and process associated with reading graphs and chess expertise, do utilize such a distinction in similar ways. The analysis is organized into four major parts within the book: Early Visual Representation and Processing; Percepts, Concepts, Categories and Development; Categories, Concepts and Learning; and Higher-Order Representation and Processing.
Author : Denis Mareschal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199549222
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)
Download or read book The Making of Human Concepts written by Denis Mareschal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human adults appear different from other animals in their ability to form abstract mental representations that go beyond perceptual similarity. In short, they can conceptualize the world. This apparent uniqueness leads to an immediate puzzle: WHEN and HOW does this abstract system come into being? To answer this question we need to explore the origins of adult concepts, both developmentally and phylogenetically; When does the developing child acquire the ability to use abstract concepts?; does the transition occur around 2 years, with the onset of symbolic representation and language? Or, is it independent of the emergence of language?; when in evolutionary history did an abstract representational system emerge?; is there something unique about the human brain? How would a computational system operating on the basis of perceptual associations develop into a system operating on the basis of abstract relations?; is this ability present in other species, but masked by their inability to verbalise abstractions? Perhaps the very notion of concepts is empty and should be done away with altogether. This book tackles the age-old puzzle of what might be unique about human concepts. Intuitively, we have a sense that our thoughts are somehow different from those of animals and young children such as infants. Yet, if true, this raises the question of where and how this uniqueness arises. What are the factors that have played out during the life course of the individual and over the evolution of humans that have contributed to the emergence of this apparently unique ability? This volume brings together a collection of world specialists who have grappled with these questions from different perspectives to try to resolve the issue. It includes contributions from leading psychologists, neuroscientists, child and infant specialists, and animal cognition specialists. Taken together, this story leads to the idea that there is no unique ingredient in the emergence of human concepts, but rather a powerful and potentially unique mix of biological abilities and personal and social history that has led to where the human mind now stands. A 'must-read' for students and researchers in the cognitive sciences.
Author : Fiona McPherson
Publisher : Wayz Press
ISBN 13 : 1927166284
Total Pages : 111 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (271 download)
Download or read book How to Approach Learning written by Fiona McPherson and published by Wayz Press. This book was released on with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic success is rooted in a number of factors, of which 'intelligence' is only one. Attitude and beliefs, and knowledgeable strategy use, are critical. This is the core message of this collection of articles and research reports on study skills from the author's websites, arranged and edited for greater cohesiveness. Its aim is to describe and provide evidence for concepts and strategies that may change your approach to teaching or studying. The book contains articles on: * personal factors that affect academic achievement: motivation, persistence, anxiety, intelligence, self-regulation * choosing strategies that are effective for the situation * what 'transfer' is and why it's important * how experts develop expertise * the idea of 'desirable difficulties' * the limits of memorization and rote learning * some useful strategies in: * reading * note-taking * reaching understanding. This book is for students who are serious about being successful in study, and teachers who want to know how best to help their students learn. As always with the Mempowered books, the short book is fully referenced. Keywords: best study strategies for college students,effective study habits, effective learning, study attitudes, educational research, teacher resources, free, freebie
Author : Brian H. Ross
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0125433468
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (254 download)
Download or read book The Psychology of Learning and Motivation written by Brian H. Ross and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2006-04-28 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the concepts of category learning, prototypes, prospective memory, event memory, memory models, and musical prosody. This work is intended for researchers and academics in cognitive science.
Author : Melvin L. Silberman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 078798258X
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (879 download)
Download or read book The Handbook of Experiential Learning written by Melvin L. Silberman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Experiential Learning is a comprehensive resource that draws together contemporary thought and practice on a wide range of experiential learning applications from the best-known authorities on the topic. In this book, volume editor and leading experiential learning expert, Mel Silberman presents a contemporary review of experiential learning in the workplace complete with models, applications, and innovative uses. The handbook covers a broad range of experiential learning methods including: Games and simulations Action learning Role-play and Improv Story-telling Adventure activity Reflective practice Creative play It also describes the use of experiential learning in topics such as technical skills, leadership, team building, diversity and cross-cultural training, and emotional intelligence.
Author : Stella Vosniadou
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317705556
Total Pages : 975 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of the European Cognitive Science Conference 2007 written by Stella Vosniadou and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the invited lectures, invited symposia, symposia, papers and posters presented at the 2nd European Cognitive Science Conference held in Greece in May 2007. The papers presented in this volume range from empirical psychological studies and computational models to philosophical arguments, meta-analyses and even to neuroscientific experimentation. The quality of the work shows that the Cognitive Science Society in Europe is an exciting and vibrant one. There are 210 contributions by cognitive scientists from 27 different countries, including USA, France, UK, Germany, Greece, Italy, Belgium, Japan, Spain, the Netherlands, and Australia. This book will be of interest to anyone concerned with current research in Cognitive Science.
Author : Andrew Richard Mayes
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780863779527
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (795 download)
Download or read book Theories of Organic Amnesia written by Andrew Richard Mayes and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Enough has been learnt about the organic amnesia syndrome for research to be driven by theoretical ideas about the possible causes of the memory deficits underlying it. These theoretical ideas attempt to specify whether one or several distinct functional deficits cause the memory problems typically seen in the syndrome, what the precise nature of these deficits actually is, and what is the exact location of the lesions that cause them.; This special issue of "Memory" is devoted to articles that advance different accounts of some or all of the features of amnesia. It highlights that, although there is still no full agreement about the neuroanatomy of amnesia, whether it is a unitary condition, and the causes of and relationship between anterograde and retrograde amnesia, many theories converge in suggesting that damage to the hippocampus and its connections dirupts aspects of memory for complex associations that are ultimately represented in the neocortex.
Author : Larry R. Squire
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 026269204X
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (626 download)
Download or read book Findings and Current Opinion in Cognitive Neuroscience written by Larry R. Squire and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, which contains forty-six review articles from recent issues of Current Opinion in Neurobiology, provides easy access to the current state of theory and findings in the field.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1420 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
