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Information Technology Firm Size And Industrial Concentration
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Book Synopsis Information Technology, Firm Size, and Industrial Concentration by : Erik Brynjolfsson
Download or read book Information Technology, Firm Size, and Industrial Concentration written by Erik Brynjolfsson and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information flows, and thus information technology (IT) are central to the structure of firms and markets. Using data from the U.S. Census Bureau, we provide firm-level evidence that increases in IT intensity are associated with increases in firm size and concentration in both employment and sales. Results from instrumental variables and long-difference models suggest that the effect is likely causal. The effect of IT on size is more pronounced for sales than employment, which leads to a decline in the labor share, consistent with the "scale without mass" theory of digitization. Furthermore, we find that IT provides greater benefits to larger firms by increasing their capability to replicate their operations across establishments, markets, and industries. Our findings provide empirical evidence suggesting that the substantial rise in IT investment is one of the main driving forces for the increase in firm size, decline of labor share, the growth of superstar firms, and increased market concentration in recent years.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Information Technology by : Hal R. Varian
Download or read book The Economics of Information Technology written by Hal R. Varian and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-12-23 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Information Technology is a concise and accessible review of some of the important economic factors affecting information technology industries. These industries are characterized by high fixed costs and low marginal costs of production, large switching costs for users, and strong network effects. These factors combine to produce some unique behavior. The book consists of two parts. In the first part, Professor Varian outlines the basic economics of these industries. In the second part, Professors Farrell and Shapiro describe the impact of these factors on competition policy. The clarity of the analysis and exposition makes this an ideal introduction for undergraduate and graduate students in economics, business strategy, law and related areas.
Book Synopsis Information Technology's Impact on Firm Structure by : David N. Beede
Download or read book Information Technology's Impact on Firm Structure written by David N. Beede and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s, economists have speculated on the effects of the proliferation of new computer and communications capabilities on business structure and performance. The present analysis explores information technology's (IT)relationship to employment and firm structure by examining how IT affects the relative size of employment at auxiliary units. The analysis treats auxiliary units--establishments where employees provide support services (mainly administrative) to production establishments--as a proxy for the highest administrative levels of the organizational hierarchy. Changes in the relative size of auxiliary employment give a broad indication of IT-related changes in firm structure. Statistical analyses of 46 industries show large variations across industries in the size, sign, and statistical significance of the elasticities of auxiliary unit employment shares with respect to IT capital stock shares. We find no economy-wide trends associated with IT. There is too much variation among industries to rely on estimates obtained from pooling industry data. For the most part, sectorial trends are scarce. Only in the transportation sector do the sign and statistical significance suggest that IT related changes are similar. Ultimately, the enormous variation revealed by our results suggests that one cannot make economy-wide generalizations about the effects of IT. Nevertheless, our results, combined with other evidence,suggest that economies of scale--gained from using IT to reduce coordination and monitoring costs--influence firm size and structure. One reason why the effects of IT are so different across industries is variation in the firm size distribution across industries prior to the IT revolution: 1) For industries with a predominance of small firms, IT-related economies of scale may encourage growth in firm size and lead to an increase in the relative size of centralized back office establishments across the industry. This appears to have occurred in the retail trade industry. 2) In some industries where large firms predominate, IT may induce greater efficiency in back-office jobs, enabling firms to reduce back office employment relative to total employment. This appears to have occurred in some of the transportation industries. 3) In industries where IT primarily substitutes for production workers, auxiliary unit employment share is likely to rise because central administration office employment tends to change less than proportionately in response to changes in overall employment. This appears to have occurred in the primary metals industry.
Book Synopsis Firm Size, Innovation, and Market Structure by : Mariana Mazzucato
Download or read book Firm Size, Innovation, and Market Structure written by Mariana Mazzucato and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book begins by reviewing the connection between firm size, innovation and market structure from a theoretical and an empirical point of view, with emphasis on the 'complexity' that defines this relationship. It then goes on to build an evolutionary model which explores different Schumpeterian propositions regarding the positive and negative feedback between firm size and innovation as well as the role of idiosyncratic random events on industry market structure. The concluding chapter uses 100 years in the history of the US automobile industry to explore the relationship between market share instability and stock price volatility and the degree to which this relationship is connected to industry specific factors. This innovative new book will prove invaluable to researchers, lecturers and scholars of industrial organisation, technology and market structure.
Download or read book Information Technology R&D written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information Technology and R and D by : États-Unis. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Download or read book Information Technology and R and D written by États-Unis. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1985 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The economics of increasing returns, the size of the firm industrial concentration and technological competition by : José-Fernando Buendía-Luna
Download or read book The economics of increasing returns, the size of the firm industrial concentration and technological competition written by José-Fernando Buendía-Luna and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information Technology Research and Development by : Sam Stuart
Download or read book Information Technology Research and Development written by Sam Stuart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information Technology Research and Development: Critical Trends and Issues is a report of the Office of Technology Assessment of the United States Government on the research and development in the area of information technology. The report discusses information technology research and development - its goals, nature, issues, and strategies; environment and its changes; the roles of the participants; and the health of its field. The book then goes on to four selected case studies in information technology: advanced computer architecture; fiber optic communications; software engineering; and artificial intelligence. The text also talks about the effects of divestiture and deregulation on research; education and human resources for research and development; foreign information technology research and development; and technology and industry. The text is recommended for students and researchers of information technology who wish to know more about the state of research and development in this field and the applications of this research in different areas.
Book Synopsis Business Strategies for Information Technology Management by : Kalle Kangas
Download or read book Business Strategies for Information Technology Management written by Kalle Kangas and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This business guide presents theoretical and empirical research on the business value of information technology (IT) and introduces strategic opportunities for using IT management to increase organizational performance. Implementation management is addressed with attention to customer relationship outsourcing, decision support systems, and information systems strategic planning. Domestic, international, and multinational business contexts are covered."
Book Synopsis Silicon Mountains, Silicon Molehills by : Jed Kolko
Download or read book Silicon Mountains, Silicon Molehills written by Jed Kolko and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Information Technology on Average Firm Size and the Degree of Vertical Integration in the Manufacturing Sector by : Nicholas Evangelos Komninos
Download or read book The Effect of Information Technology on Average Firm Size and the Degree of Vertical Integration in the Manufacturing Sector written by Nicholas Evangelos Komninos and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of Information Technology on Firm's Size and Productivity in U.S. : A Study of Coordination Costs as Mediating Effect by : 鄭[Sang]元
Download or read book The Impact of Information Technology on Firm's Size and Productivity in U.S. : A Study of Coordination Costs as Mediating Effect written by 鄭[Sang]元 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Information Technology and Firm Size by : Erik Brynjolfsson
Download or read book An Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Information Technology and Firm Size written by Erik Brynjolfsson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information Technology and the Dynamics of Firm and Industrial Structure by : Kenneth L. Simons
Download or read book Information Technology and the Dynamics of Firm and Industrial Structure written by Kenneth L. Simons and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Innovation and Small Firms by : Zoltan J. Acs
Download or read book Innovation and Small Firms written by Zoltan J. Acs and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It seems to be paradoxical that, at the beginning of the 1990s, when technical change seemed to play an unprecedented role in the U.S. welfare, that small firms emerged as a driving force of the U.S. economy. It is usually assumed that technological change requires the quantities of research and resources that giant corporations amass and organize. In response to this phenomenon, this study explores two major concerns: (1) the role of small firms in innovation; and (2) the manner in which market structure, and the firm-size distribution in particular, respond to technological change. The research examines these questions through the lens of industrial organization, analyzing them in the context of the structure-conduct-performance paradigm. The study tests existing hypothesis concerning industrial organization, many of which had never been previously tested duet o data constraints, by applying the newly created SBA data. Two new important data sources are introduced: the Small Business Administration Data Base (SBDB), which provides measures of economic activity by firm size, and Small Business Innovation Data Base (SBIDB), which involves a direct measure of innovation activity by firm size. These data enable a systematic empirical analysis of innovation and firm size. The report describes these datasets, compares them with more traditional data measures, and provides qualifications about the applicability and reliability of the data. The SBIDB data is then used to identify the determinants of innovative activity, and to find out whether those determinants are different for large and small firms. The innovative activity of small firms is found to make an important contribution distinct from that of large firms. The research also shows that industry innovative activity tends to decrease as the level of concentration increases. A model is presented that leads to the hypothesis that four distinct factors are responsible for the presence of small firms in any given industry: (1) the exogenous stock of entrepreneurial talent, (2) a stochastic element of managerial and entrepreneurial talent, (3) economies of scale and capital requirements, and (4) the entrepreneurial strategy deployed by small firms. This hypothesis is tested utilizing a cross-section of manufacturing industries, including a wide spectrum of firm sizes. The analysis also examines the extent of small firms in manufacturing industries. Concludes with the development of a model explaining the inter-industry variation in the presence of small firms. A new measure, employment-weighted gross entry, or births, in order to compare how the patterns of entry vary across firm size, with the traditional measures of entry, and how they are affected by the innovative activity of large and small firms. Two results of the study are: (1) that firms are apparently not deterred from entering industries that are capital-intensive, and (2) that, while the innovative activity of small firms is found to promote the entry of firms of all sizes, the extent of both total innovative activity and R&D intensity is found to inhibit entry. Concludes with a discussion of the role of innovation and firm size in intra-industry dynamics. The study investigates the differences between the growth rates of small and large firms, and examines the validity of the assumption underlying Gibrat's Law. It also tackles the question of what determines the extent of turbulence, or firm movements into, within, and out of an industry, and whether these determinants are different for small and large firms? Overall, small firms play an important role in the process of technological change. They generate market turbulence, competition, and industry renewal. Small firms are effective competitors in international high-tech arenas that require flexibility and the ability to respond to niche markets effici.
Book Synopsis Product Differentiation and Industrial Structure by : Avner Shaked
Download or read book Product Differentiation and Industrial Structure written by Avner Shaked and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Information Technology and Competitive Advantage in Small Firms by : Brian Webb
Download or read book Information Technology and Competitive Advantage in Small Firms written by Brian Webb and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-07-24 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does Information Technology matter? This book argues that even as Information Technology hardware, software, data and associated processes are becoming more of a commodity, it has never been more important to manage Information Technology as a strategic asset. However, managing Information Technology as a strategic asset is notoriously difficult, a
