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Income Differentials And Migrations
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Book Synopsis Stranded! How Rising Inequality Suppressed US Migration and Hurt Those Left Behind by : Mr.Tamim Bayoumi
Download or read book Stranded! How Rising Inequality Suppressed US Migration and Hurt Those Left Behind written by Mr.Tamim Bayoumi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-06-03 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using bilateral data on migration across US metro areas, we find strong evidence that increasing house price and income inequality has reduced long distance migration, the type most linked to jobs. For those migrating uphill, from a less to a more prosperous location, lower mobility is driven by increasing house price inequlity, as the disincentives from higher house prices dominate the incentives from higher earnings. By contrast, increasing income inequality drives the fall in downhill migration as the disincentives from lower earnings dominate the incentives from lower house prices. The model underlines the plight of those trapped in decaying metro areas—those “left behind”.
Book Synopsis Income Differentials and Migrations by : Roberto Cortés Conde
Download or read book Income Differentials and Migrations written by Roberto Cortés Conde and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis How Do Migration and Remittances Affect Inequality? A Case Study of Mexico by : Zsoka Koczan
Download or read book How Do Migration and Remittances Affect Inequality? A Case Study of Mexico written by Zsoka Koczan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The poverty-reducing effects of remittances have been well-documented, however, their effects on inequality are less clear. This paper examines the impact of remittances on inequality in Mexico using household-level information on the receiving side. It hopes to speak to their insurance role by examining how remittances are affected by domestic and external crises: the 1994 Mexican Peso crisis and the Global Financial Crisis. We find that remittances lower inequality, and that they become more pro-poor over time as migration opportunities become more widespread. This also strengthens their insurance effects, mitigating some of the negative impact of shocks on the poorest.
Book Synopsis The Failure of Migration of Labor to Reduce Wage and Income Differentials Across Regions by : Lawrence Belkin
Download or read book The Failure of Migration of Labor to Reduce Wage and Income Differentials Across Regions written by Lawrence Belkin and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Black-White Income Differentials by : Stanley H. Masters
Download or read book Black-White Income Differentials written by Stanley H. Masters and published by New York : Academic Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph on income differentials between whites and Blacks in urban areas in the USA, including statistical analysis - examines economic theories of discrimination, the effects of internal migration and racial segregation in housing on income differentials, differences in labour productivity by race, etc., presents policy recommendations concerning equal opportunity in employment and education, and concludes that labour market discrimination is most important in causing income differentials. References and statistical tables.
Author :James B. Davies Publisher :London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario ISBN 13 : Total Pages :50 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Income Inequality and International Migration by : James B. Davies
Download or read book Income Inequality and International Migration written by James B. Davies and published by London : Department of Economics, University of Western Ontario. This book was released on 1991 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Migration, Self-selection and Income Inequality by : Thomas Liebig
Download or read book Migration, Self-selection and Income Inequality written by Thomas Liebig and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Inequality and Migration written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why such a relationship? Why, ceteris paribus, would there be more migration from an economy where the incomes are 1 and 3 than from an economy where the incomes are 2 and 2? The notion that the incentive to migrate of the individuals whose incomes rise from 2 to 3 is attenuated by less than the incentive to migrate of the individuals whose incomes decline from 2 to 1 is amplified is a description. [...] Alternative explanations and an empirically verifiable distinction The argument of this paper differs in its perspective and prediction from an argument that conditions the negative selectivity of migration on a comparison between the degree of income inequality at origin and the degree of income inequality at destination (cf. [...] 552, first emphasis added), this paper advances the view that the negative selectivity arises from the inequality of the income distribution at origin per se, not from the inequality of the income distribution at origin being higher or lower than the inequality of the income distribution at destination. [...] The bconditional selectivityQ theory is silent with regard to the sign of the selectivity; the relative deprivation approach is not: while in the wake of the substitution of a more equal income distribution for a less equal income distribution at origin the relative deprivation incentive of the low-income individual to migrate is weakened, migration will continue to be from the lower tail of the d. [...] Our impression though is that in the course of the past five decades, the bulk of the theoretical work has held the view that individuals look up and not down, and that the evidence has overwhelmingly supported the bupward comparisonQ view.4 (Helpful references are provided and reviewed in Frey and Stutzer (2002), Walker and Smith (2002), and Luttmer (2005)).
Book Synopsis Migration and Inequality by : Tanja Bastia
Download or read book Migration and Inequality written by Tanja Bastia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-05 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ‘migration-development’ nexus has emerged as an important area of both research and policy over the last ten years. However, most of the interest has focused on the potential that migration holds for poverty alleviation. Relatively little attention has been paid to the relationship between migration and inequality, particularly on inequality as a consequence of migration. This is unfortunate, given that inequality is emerging as an important area of inquiry within development studies. This edited collection explores the relationship between migration and inequality in Africa, Asia and Latin America by taking into account economic and social inequalities. While the focus on inequality as opposed to poverty is in itself original, the book offers additional points of interest. First, it combines chapters on internal and international migration, thereby challenging the current focus in the migration literature that focuses almost exclusively on cross-border migration. Internal migration greatly outnumbers cross-border moves. Yet policy-makers as well as most studies focus on cross-border international migration. We are only just beginning to unravel the relationship between internal and cross-border migration. Second, the theme of inequality complements the existing focus in the migration-development nexus on issues of poverty. Third, the chapters focus on both economic and social inequalities, often combining an analysis of different types of inequalities. The book also covers governance and migrants’ rights; gender and intersectionality; and health. The chapters in this edited volume make an original contribution to debates on the migration-development nexus as well as the literature on inequality, which often tends to focus on economic measurements of inequality at the expense of including a thorough analysis of social inequality.
Book Synopsis Poverty, Inequality and Migration in Latin America by : Stephan Klasen
Download or read book Poverty, Inequality and Migration in Latin America written by Stephan Klasen and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groups the papers under the headings "Growth and inequality", "Poverty", and "Trade, migration and income convergence". Looks at the consequences of high economic instability with recurrent economic and financial crises, particularly in the 1990s. Studies poverty determinants, and the role of trade and migration in generating, sustaining or reducing inequalities between and within the countries examined.
Author :Brian Keeley Publisher :Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development ISBN 13 :9789264246003 Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Income Inequality written by Brian Keeley and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 2015-12-21 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Income inequality is rising. A quarter of a century ago, the average disposable income of the richest 10% in OECD countries was around seven times higher than that of the poorest 10%; today, it's around 9½ times higher. Why does this matter? Many fear this widening gap is hurting individuals, societies and even economies. This book explores income inequality across five main headings. It starts by explaining some key terms in the inequality debate. It then examines recent trends and explains why income inequality varies between countries. Next it looks at why income gaps are growing and, in particular, at the rise of the 1%. It then looks at the consequences, including research that suggests widening inequality could hurt economic growth. Finally, it examines policies for addressing inequality and making economies more inclusive.
Book Synopsis Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality by : David Card
Download or read book Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality written by David Card and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid rise in the proportion of foreign-born residents in the United States since the mid-1960s is one of the most important demographic events of the past fifty years. The increase in immigration, especially among the less-skilled and less-educated, has prompted fears that the newcomers may have depressed the wages and employment of the native-born, burdened state and local budgets, and slowed the U.S. economy as a whole. Would the poverty rate be lower in the absence of immigration? How does the undocumented status of an increasing segment of the foreign-born population impact wages in the United States? In Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality, noted labor economists David Card and Steven Raphael and an interdisciplinary team of scholars provide a comprehensive assessment of the costs and benefits of the latest era of immigration to the United States Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality rigorously explores shifts in population trends, labor market competition, and socioeconomic segregation to investigate how the recent rise in immigration affects economic disadvantage in the United States. Giovanni Peri analyzes the changing skill composition of immigrants to the United States over the past two decades to assess their impact on the labor market outcomes of native-born workers. Despite concerns over labor market competition, he shows that the overall effect has been benign for most native groups. Moreover, immigration appears to have had negligible impacts on native poverty rates. Ethan Lewis examines whether differences in English proficiency explain this lack of competition between immigrant and native-born workers. He finds that parallel Spanish-speaking labor markets emerge in areas where Spanish speakers are sufficiently numerous, thereby limiting the impact of immigration on the wages of native-born residents. While the increase in the number of immigrants may not necessarily hurt the job prospects of native-born workers, low-skilled migration appears to suppress the wages of immigrants themselves. Michael Stoll shows that linguistic isolation and residential crowding in specific metropolitan areas has contributed to high poverty rates among immigrants. Have these economic disadvantages among low-skilled immigrants increased their dependence on the U.S. social safety net? Marianne Bitler and Hilary Hoynes analyze the consequences of welfare reform, which limited eligibility for major cash assistance programs. Their analysis documents sizable declines in program participation for foreign-born families since the 1990s and suggests that the safety net has become less effective in lowering child poverty among immigrant households. As the debate over immigration reform reemerges on the national agenda, Immigration, Poverty, and Socioeconomic Inequality provides a timely and authoritative review of the immigrant experience in the United States. With its wealth of data and intriguing hypotheses, the volume is an essential addition to the field of immigration studies. A Volume in the National Poverty Center Series on Poverty and Public Policy
Book Synopsis Economic Growth, Inequality and Migration by : Amnon Levy
Download or read book Economic Growth, Inequality and Migration written by Amnon Levy and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Levy (economics, U. of Wollongong, Australia) and Faria (social sciences, U. of Texas, US) present 18 case studies exploring the interlinkages between economic growth, inequality, and migration. Each of the studies is concerned with at least two of the three phenomena, and the papers are grouped according to which of the three they most concentrate on. Studies address the relation between government policies and income distribution; issues of unemployment, assimilation, expected returns, and risks as they relate to migration; and the impact of trade on growth. Case studies explore issues on both regional and national bases. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Income Inequality and People Migration by : Hizkia Tasik
Download or read book Dynamics of Income Inequality and People Migration written by Hizkia Tasik and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been large numbers of literatures studying the relationships between income inequality and public policy or public policy and people migration, but few studies place focus on the relationship between income inequality and people migration. Those which discuss this relationships more stress on the effects of inequality on segregation. Black, Natali and Skinner (2005) discuss explicitly the mutual causality between inequality and migration at international level. Their paper, however, does not intend to comprehensively evaluate the relations but only seeks to draw lessons from case studies. Instead, using data of all U.S. counties except those in Hawaii and Virginia states from 1970 to 2000, this paper found that higher income inequality leads to higher in-migration. Generous transfer program in a county is implicitly found to be one of the driving factors.
Book Synopsis International Migration and Income Inequality by : Nicola Coniglio
Download or read book International Migration and Income Inequality written by Nicola Coniglio and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper we explore the links between international migration and income inequality. After presenting a simple model which considers the role of income distribution in individual decisions to migrate, we estimate a set of models on the determinants of yearly bilateral migration from a very large pool of countries in the period 1960-2019. The empirical results confirm that inequality-in both origin and destination countries-significantly shapes individual choices about where, and whether, to migrate. We find that the effect of inequality at both ends of migration corridors is heterogeneous across countries at different levels of development, most likely due to differences in migration barriers and in the patterns of migrants' self-selection. In the second part of the study, we explore the direct effect of international migration on global inequality, by assessing how the current level of migration in the world has likely affected income inequality between and within nations. By adopting a counterfactual methodology, we find that migration flows lead to lower between-country inequality and higher within-country inequality, compared with a scenario with no migration. The overall impact is a negligible reduction in global inequality. The impact of migration on inequality, although small, tends to increase over time.
Book Synopsis Migration and income distribution by : Gerry Rodgers
Download or read book Migration and income distribution written by Gerry Rodgers and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis International Migration, Remittances, and Poverty in Developing Countries by : Richard H. Adams
Download or read book International Migration, Remittances, and Poverty in Developing Countries written by Richard H. Adams and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few studies have examined the impact of international migration and remittances on poverty in a broad cross-section of developing countries. The authors try to fill this gap by constructing a new data set on poverty, international migration, and remittances for 74 low- and middle-income developing countries. Four key findings emerge: 1) International migration-defined as the share of a country's population living abroad-has a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of international migrants in a country's population will lead to a 1.9 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty ($1.00 a person a day). 2) Distance to a major labor-receiving region-like the United States or OECD (Europe)-has an important effect on international migration. Developing countries that are located closest to the United States or OECD (Europe) are also those countries with the highest rates of migration. 3) An inverted U-shaped curve exists between the level of country per capita income and international migration. Developing countries with low or high per capita GDP produce smaller shares of international migrants than do middle-income developing countries. The authors find no evidence that developing countries with higher levels of poverty produce more migrants. Because of considerable travel costs associated with international migration, international migrants come from those income groups which are just above the poverty line in middle-income developing countries. 4) International remittances-defined as the share of remittances in country GDP-have a strong, statistical impact in reducing poverty. On average, a 10 percent increase in the share of international remittances in a country's GDP will lead to a 1.6 percent decline in the share of people living in poverty.
