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Improved Performance With Layer Orientation Incorporated Pleated Media On Coalescence Filtration
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Book Synopsis Improved Performance with Layer Orientation Incorporated Pleated Media on Coalescence Filtration by : Rahul Bharadwaj
Download or read book Improved Performance with Layer Orientation Incorporated Pleated Media on Coalescence Filtration written by Rahul Bharadwaj and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experimental observations show fiber orientation and layer orientation in filter media effect the permeability and the separation efficiency of coalescing filters. The effects of fiber orientation have been studied by various industries including polymer, paper and textiles, to enhance their product lines. This has also been proven beneficial to the filtration industry because orientation of fibers can lead to lower pressure drop. The main objective of this work is to study the effects of layer orientations and test its performance. This technique is an alternative to using electric field for making oriented fiber media. It incorporates stacking micro fiber sheets at different angles (0,30,45,60 and 90). For capture of liquid droplets, the decrease in pressure drop obtained is offset by the decrease in capture efficiency, resulting in nearly constant quality factor regardless of fiber orientation. However, in coalescing filter media this method shows improvement in liquid drainage from the filter and can improve the quality factor from 20 to 60%. In coalescing filter media the fiber orientation can have an added benefit of reducing the liquid saturation in the filter media, which leads to an improved quality factor for the filter media and can be very useful in making self-cleaning filters. The stacking sheets can be extended to a pleated structure, which is relatively easier to construct from an industrial point of view. However, it is challenging to control the angle of the pleats during the construction of the media. Therefore varying the angle of the pleated structure with respect to the flow can surmount this problem. Another filter design is proposed which can mimic the angled pleated design by keeping the pleating angle constant (at zero degree) and changing the angle of the filter holder. Both designs have higher performance compared to a regular pleated media. Multiphase continuum equations are used to model the flow through the media to calculate the velocity and pressure profile through a pleated media to compare with the experimental results.
Book Synopsis Improving Performance and Drainage of Coalescing Filters by : Shagufta Usman Patel
Download or read book Improving Performance and Drainage of Coalescing Filters written by Shagufta Usman Patel and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pure air or gas is very critical to many industrial applications. Gas streams contain impurities in the form of solid and liquid aerosols of micron and submicron sizes. It is very important to remove these aerosols for improving the economy and reliability of industrial processes and equipment as well as protecting our health and environment. Among different filters being used, coalescing filters are effectively used to remove liquid aerosols from gas streams and hence has numerous industrial applications. The performance of the filter affects the economy of the process. A coalescing filter captures the oil droplets and the captured liquid typically drains from the filter by action of gravity. The saturation or hold-up of liquid in the filter constricts the gas flow, increases pressure drop, and increases the operating costs of the filter. The filter loaded with liquid droplet indicates limited filter life and needs to be replaced which increases the cost of process. Filter performance and filter life can be improved if the liquid saturation is reduced without reduction in capture efficiency. In this research work filter media are modified with drainage structures to reduce saturation and to reduce drag resistance. The media are tested in horizontal and vertical orientations to determine whether their orientation with gravity influences the performance. The experimental results show that with no drainage channels the media oriented with flow vertically downward operates the best whereas with drainage channels the horizontally oriented media had the best performance. The results also show filter geometries developed by embedding low surface energy woven drainage channels at 45 degree downward angles have the overall best performance. Adding nanofibers to improve the performance of the filter media is an effective way of improving filter media's capture efficiency with moderate increase in pressure drop. Nanofiber augmented filter media indicated higher pressure drop but when the drainage channels are incorporated in the filter, the increase in the pressure drop is significantly low. The pressure drop increase will be significant for a nanofiber augmented filter media without the drainage channels. Filter geometries developed by incorporating drainage channels at downward angles indicate significantly low pressure drop, the drainage channels create a path of lower resistance and hence maximum flow goes through the drainage channel improving the filter performance and drainage. This research work allows to develop cost effective filter geometries which will significantly increase filter performance as compared to the glass fiber filter media which are commonly used in the industry.
Book Synopsis Mixed Hydrophilic/hydrophobic Fiber Media for Liquid-liquid Coalescence by : Prashant Shashank Kulkarni
Download or read book Mixed Hydrophilic/hydrophobic Fiber Media for Liquid-liquid Coalescence written by Prashant Shashank Kulkarni and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Separation of liquid-liquid dispersions is important industrially and environmentally. Fibrous coalescing filters are used to separate liquid-liquid dispersions. Wettability of the fibers significantly influences the filter performance. The wettability of the filter media depends on surface properties of fiber materials and porosity of the filter medium. The wettability of filter media and interfacial tension of the liquid are the important factors in designing a coalescing filter media. It is generally accepted that the intermediate wettability gives best filter performance. However, the effect of wettability on filter performance is not well understood, especially at low interfacial tension liquids. In addition, wettability characterization techniques are not widely applied for fibrous filter media. The goal of this work is to study the effect of wettability on filter performance and by evaluating filter media of varying wetting properties. In this work, filter media were prepared by mixing hydrophilic and hydrophobic fibers to control the wettability and to improve the performance of the filter media. The mixing of fibers was achieved by designing filter media in different geometries. The different geometries developed and evaluated are mixed, layered and radially layered hydrophilic/hydrophobic fiber media. The wettability of the filter media was characterized using modified Washburn's equation and expressed as the Lipophilic to Hydrophilic (L/H) ratio. Water and Viscor-1487 oil were used as test liquids for the wettability characterization. The developed geometries resulted in variation in wettability. The filter media were tested in liquid-liquid coalescence experiments in which fine emulsion was generated by dispersing water droplets in the Viscor-1487 oil. The experimental results show that wettability of filter media can be controlled by constructing a media with different geometries and choosing a right composition of hydrophilic/hydrophobic fibers. The pressure drop of filter media was reduced with increase in L/H. The performance of filter hydrophilic/hydrophobic filter media was improved as compare to only glass fiber (hydrophilic) media. However, improvement in quality factor is mainly due to reduction in pressure drop. The best filter performance was achieved with layered and radially layered structures made of glass and polypropylene fibers having L/H between 2 to 10. The media developed with glass and electrospun polypropylene fibers shows significant improvement in separation efficiency but also increase in pressure drop. The results and approach of this work will be useful in designing and developing filter media for many industrial filtration applications.
Book Synopsis Composite Nonwoven Materials by : Dipayan Das
Download or read book Composite Nonwoven Materials written by Dipayan Das and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite nonwoven materials are versatile materials with a variety of applications, including hygiene, medicine and filtration. This important book provides a technical resource for professionals and academics in the field. It explores these materials in terms of fiber types used, manufacturing processes, structure, and physical properties. The first part of the book focuses on the use of natural and synthetic fibers in composite nonwovens, discusses their structure in terms of fiber packing and alignment, and their physical properties. Further chapters deal with the practical applications of composite nonwoven materials. Hygiene applications, such as diapers, female sanitary products, incontinence pads, and wipes are covered, as well as composite nonwoven-based medical products and filters. Composite Nonwoven Materials is an ideal reference for R&D managers in the textile industry and academic researchers in textile science. - Systematic and comprehensive information on composite nonwovens - Critical review of progress in research and development on composite nonwovens - Comment on future research direction and ideas for product development
Download or read book The MBR Book written by Simon Judd and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MBR Book
Download or read book Food Processing written by J. Scott Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renowned international academicians and food industry professionals have collaborated to create Food Processing: Principles and Applications. This practical, fully illustrated resource examines the principles of food processing and demonstrates their application by describing the stages and operations for manufacturing different categories of basic food products. Ideal as an undergraduate text, Food Processing stands apart in three ways: The expertise of the contributing authors is unparalleled among food processing texts today. The text is written mostly by non-engineers for other non-engineers and is therefore user-friendly and easy to read. It is one of the rare texts to use commodity manufacturing to illustrate the principles of food processing. As a hands-on guide to the essential processing principles and their application, this book serves as a relevant primary or supplemental text for students of food science and as a valuable tool for food industry professionals.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Chemical Engineering by : National Research Council
Download or read book Frontiers in Chemical Engineering written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.
Book Synopsis Emulsions and Oil Treating Equipment by : Maurice Stewart
Download or read book Emulsions and Oil Treating Equipment written by Maurice Stewart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-12-30 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of removing water which is emulsified with produced oil has grown more widespread and often times more difficult as producers attempt to access more difficult reserves. This practical guide is designed to help engineers and operators develop a "feel" for selection, sizing, and troubleshooting emulsion equipment. These skills are of vital importance to ensure low operating costs and to meet crude export quality specifications. The book is written for engineers and operators, who need advanced knowledge of the numerous techniques and the equipment used to destabilize and resolve petroleum emulsions problems. In Emulsions and Oil Treating Equipment: Selection, Sizing and Troubleshooting the author provides engineers and operators with a guide to understanding emulsion theory, methods and equipment, and practical design of a treating system. Comprehensive in its scope, the author explains methods such as: demulsifiers, temperature, electrostatics and non-traditional methods of modulated or pulsed voltage control, as well as equipment such as: electrostatic treater (dehydrator), separator, gunbarr heater-treater and free water knockout. Written in a "how to" format, it brings together hundreds of methods, handy formulas, diagrams and tables in one convenient book. - Detailed coverage emulsion equipment and removal methods - Tips for selecting, sizing, and operating emulsion equipment - Overview of emulsion theory and factors affecting treatment methods - Packed with equipment diagrams, worked out calculations covers equipment and removal methods
Book Synopsis Filters and Filtration Handbook by : T. Christopher Dickenson
Download or read book Filters and Filtration Handbook written by T. Christopher Dickenson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reference manual for the selection and application of filtration and separation products. The new edition is extended and updated to incorporate all the latest developments in filtration and separation technology supplied by both manufacturers and users. operators, consultants, as well as staff with responsibility for purchasing, planning, sales and marketing. It is directly relevant to numerous industries including water, fluid power, chemicals, pharmaceutical, food and beverages, processing, general engineering, electronics and manufacturing.
Book Synopsis The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual by : Mark F. L. Smith
Download or read book The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual written by Mark F. L. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Aerosol Science and Technology by : David S. Ensor
Download or read book Aerosol Science and Technology written by David S. Ensor and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Book Synopsis Gas Cyclones and Swirl Tubes by : Alex C. Hoffmann
Download or read book Gas Cyclones and Swirl Tubes written by Alex C. Hoffmann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been conceived to provide guidance on the theory and design of cyclone systems. Forthose new to the topic, a cyclone is, in its most basic form, a stationary mechanical device that utilizes centrifugal force to separate solid or liquid particles from a carrier gas. Gas enters near the top via a tangential or vaned inlet, which gives rise to an axially descending spiral of gas and a centrifugal force field that causes the incoming particles to concentrate along, and spiral down, the inner walls of the separator. The thus-segregated particulate phase is allowed to exit out an underflow pipe while the gas phase constricts, and - in most separators - reverses its axial direction of flow and exits out a separate overflow pipe. Cyclones are applied in both heavy and light industrial applications and may be designed as either classifiers or separators. Their applications are as plentiful as they are varied. Examples include their use in the separation or classification of powder coatings, plastic fines, sawdust, wood chips, sand, sintered/powdered meta!, plastic and meta! pellets, rock and mineral cmshings, carbon fines, grain products, pulverized coal, chalk, coal and coal ash, catalyst and petroleum coke fines, mist entrained off of various processing units and liquid components from scmbbing and drilling operations. They have even been applied to separate foam into its component gas and liquid phases in recent years.
Book Synopsis Fibrous Filter Media by : Philip Brown
Download or read book Fibrous Filter Media written by Philip Brown and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-16 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fibrous Filter Media comprehensively covers the types, manufacture, applications, performance, and modeling of fibrous filter media. Part I introduces the principles of gas and liquid filtration, while Part II presents an overview of the types of fibrous filters, including details of fiber types, fabric construction, and applications. Part III covers a variety of filtration applications in which fibrous assemblies are used, with examples ranging from filtration for improving air quality, to medical filters, to industrial waste-water filtration. Finally, Part III covers the properties and performance of fibrous filters, including chapters on filter performance and simulation. With its expert editors and international team of contributors, this important book provides information on fibrous filters relevant to fiber and textile scientists, and is also ideal for academics and industry professionals working in the field of filtration. Dr. Philip Brown is Sweetenburg Professor of polymer and textile engineering at Clemson University, USA. Dr. Christopher Cox is Professor of mathematical sciences at Clemson University, USA. - Systematic and comprehensive coverage of the trends and new technologies being developed in the field of fibrous filter media - Focused on the needs of the textiles and filtration industries, with a clear emphasis on applied technology - Contains contributions from an international team of authors edited by an expert in the field
Book Synopsis Chemical Precipitation Processes for the Treatment of Aqueous Radioactive Waste by :
Download or read book Chemical Precipitation Processes for the Treatment of Aqueous Radioactive Waste written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to provide a review of chemical precipitation processes for the treatment of low and intermediate level aqueous waste. It supersedes Technical Reports Series No. 89, Chemical Treatment of Radioactive Wastes, published in 1968. It provides data on the performance of existing plants and on improved processes that are in an advanced state of development.
Download or read book Biomaterials written by David Byrom and published by Springer. This book was released on 1991-06-18 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomaterials are produced from biological material and are used for their physical characteristics. This book looks at the range of biomaterials and their applications which range from the use of polysaccharides as thickening agents to the use of proteins as fibres and adhesives.
Book Synopsis Avoiding the Subject by : Justin Clemens
Download or read book Avoiding the Subject written by Justin Clemens and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Elizabeth A. Kaye specializes in communications as part of her coaching and consulting practice. She has edited Requirements for Certification since the 2000-01 edition.
Book Synopsis Biopolymers from Renewable Resources by : David L. Kaplan
Download or read book Biopolymers from Renewable Resources written by David L. Kaplan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biopolymers from Renewable Resources is a compilation of information on the diverse and useful polymers derived from agricultural, animal, and microbial sources. The volume provides insight into the diversity of polymers obtained directly from, or derived from, renewable resources. The beneficial aspects of utilizing polymers from renewable resources, when considering synthesis, pro cessing, disposal, biodegradability, and overall material life-cycle issues, suggests that this will continue to be an important and growing area of interest. The individual chapters provide information on synthesis, processing and properties for a variety of polyamides, polysaccharides, polyesters and polyphenols. The reader will have a single volume that provides a resource from which to gain initial insights into this diverse field and from which key references and contacts can be drawn. Aspects of biology, biotechnology, polymer synthesis, polymer processing and engineering, mechanical properties and biophysics are addressed to varying degrees for the specific biopolymers. The volume can be used as a reference book or as a teaching text. At the more practical level, the range of important materials derived from renewable resources is both extensive and impressive. Gels, additives, fibers, coatings and films are generated from a variety of the biopolymers reviewed in this volume. These polymers are used in commodity materials in our everyday lives, as well as in specialty products.
