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Impact Of Acute Aerobic Exercise On Motor Learning And Executive Function In Adults With Intellectual Disabilities
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Book Synopsis Impact of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Motor Learning and Executive Function in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities by : Yonjoong Ryuh
Download or read book Impact of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Motor Learning and Executive Function in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities written by Yonjoong Ryuh and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exercise and Cognitive Function by : Terry McMorris
Download or read book Exercise and Cognitive Function written by Terry McMorris and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook focuses on the relationship between physical exercise and cognition, a very timely and important topic with major theoretical and practical implications for a number of areas including ageing, neurorehabilitation, depression and dementia. It brings together a wide range of analytical approaches and experimental results to provide a very useful overview and synthesis of this growing field of study. The book is divided into three parts: Part I covers the conceptual, theoretical and methodological underpinnings and issues. Part II focuses on advances in exercise and cognition research, with appropriate sub-sections on ‘acute’ and ‘chronic’ exercise and cognition. Part III presents an overview of the area and makes suggestions for the direction of future research. This text provides a cutting-edge examination of this increasingly important area written by leading experts from around the world. The book will prove invaluable to researchers and practitioners in a number of fields, including exercise science, cognitive science, neuroscience and clinical medicine. Key Features: Unique in-depth investigation of the relationship between physical exercise and brain function. Covers theoretical approaches and experimental results and includes chapters on the latest developments in research design. Examines the effects of both acute and chronic exercise on brain function. International list of contributors, who are leading researchers in their field.
Book Synopsis The Exercise Effect on Mental Health by : Henning Budde
Download or read book The Exercise Effect on Mental Health written by Henning Budde and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-04-17 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Exercise Effect on Mental Health contains the most recent and thorough overview of the links between exercise and mental health, and the underlying mechanisms of the brain. The text will enhance interested clinicians’ and researchers’ understanding of the neurobiological effect of exercise on mental health. Editors Budde and Wegner have compiled a comprehensive review of the ways in which physical activity impacts the neurobiological mechanisms of the most common psychological and psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. This text presents a rigorously evidence-based case for exercise as an inexpensive, time-saving, and highly effective treatment for those suffering from mental illness and distress.
Book Synopsis Effects of an Acute Bout of Aerobic Exercise on Motor Performance, Executive Function and Intrinsic Motivation in Adolescents and Young Adults with Down Syndrome by : Chih-Chia Chen
Download or read book Effects of an Acute Bout of Aerobic Exercise on Motor Performance, Executive Function and Intrinsic Motivation in Adolescents and Young Adults with Down Syndrome written by Chih-Chia Chen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The benefits of exercise have been recommended in typical and other special populations. However, the evidence for persons with Down syndrome (DS) is still limited. This study was aimed at investigating the impact of an acute bout of aerobic exercise intervention on motor performance, executive function and intrinsic motivation in adolescents and young adults with DS. Ten participants with DS were assigned to an exercise group, who walked on a incremental treadmill protocol for 20 minutes. The exercise intensity was achieved at 66% of their predicted maximum heart rate. Another ten participants with DS were assigned to an attentional control group, who watched a video for 20 minutes. Measures of fine manual dexterity (e.g., Purdue Pegboard test), manual force production (e.g., grip strength test), processing speed (e.g., visual choice reaction time test), verbal processing (e.g., verbal fluency test), attention shifting ability (e.g., The Dimensional Card sorting test), and inhibitory control (e.g., Knock and Tap test) were tested pre and post intervention. An intrinsic motivation scale (e.g., enjoyment and effort) was conducted after the intervention. First, results showed participants significantly improved their performance in manual force production and Knock and Tap Test after the exercise intervention. While it has been proposed that exercise increases arousal status, neurotransmitters, or cerebral vasculature, the exact mechanisms in persons with DS are still unknown. However, our results showed that after treadmill walking, motor and cognitive improvements can be found in individuals with DS, even in a single exercise session. In addition, participants reported higher scores in enjoyment after video viewing than exercise, which may a result from musical effect or too much emphasis on external rewards in their early participation in exercise. These may imply that participants had low intrinsic motivation to an active lifestyle. Further, scores in effort were significantly higher after exercise than video viewing, which indicated their capabilities to perceive their physical exertion. However, other motivational regulations (e.g., introjected and identified regulations) have shown the relationship with exercise behavior in this population. Thus, further study should consider divergent motivational factors in order to implement an effective exercise program.
Book Synopsis EFFECTS OF ACUTE AEROBIC EXERCISE ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER WOMEN by : Roseann Perchinske
Download or read book EFFECTS OF ACUTE AEROBIC EXERCISE ON EXECUTIVE FUNCTION IN OLDER WOMEN written by Roseann Perchinske and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the older adult population, there is a high rate of decline in cognitive functioning. It has been reported that improving fitness levels exhibits a positive effect on cognition (Colcombe & Kramer, 2003; Colcombe et al., 2004). Older adult females 60-75 years of age who were moderately to highly fit performed better on working memory tasks after an acute bout of moderate or high-intensity aerobic exercise than before exercise. Participants included healthy females (N = 11) who were not on medications for cognitive impairment and who did not show signs of dementia or Alzheimer's disease. A submaximal walking exercise test was administered to assess fitness levels, as well as modified flanker tasks and d2-tests, to measure executive functioning in the brain. Results indicated that older adults females, 60-75 years of age showed improved scores on the modified flanker task and d2-tests after a session of moderate or high-intensity aerobic exercise. These findings suggest that an acute bout of exercise, regardless of intensity, can improve tests of executive control.
Book Synopsis The Prolonged Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function in Healthy Older Adults by : Kaitlyn Weare
Download or read book The Prolonged Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function in Healthy Older Adults written by Kaitlyn Weare and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exercise-Cognition Interaction by : Terry McMorris
Download or read book Exercise-Cognition Interaction written by Terry McMorris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exercise-Cognition Interaction: Neuroscience Perspectives is the only book on the market that examines the neuroscientific correlation between exercise and cognitive functioning. The upsurge in research in recent years has confirmed that cognitive-psychology theory cannot account for the effects of exercise on cognition, and both acute and chronic exercise effect neurochemical and psychophysiological changes in the brain that, in turn, affect cognitive functioning. This book provides an overview of the research into these effects, from theoretical research through current studies that emphasize neuroscientific theories and rationales. It addition, users will find a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases, including schizophrenia, diabetes, and an array of neurological disorders. With contributions from leading researchers in the field, this book will be the go-to resource for neuroscientists, psychologists, medical professionals, and other researchers who need an understanding of the role exercise plays in cognitive functioning. Provides a comprehensive account of how exercise affects brain functioning, which in turn affects cognition Covers both theory and empirical research Presents a thorough examination of the effects of exercise interventions on cognitive functioning in special populations, including the elderly, children, and those suffering from a variety of diseases Examines neurochemical, psychophysiological, and genetic factors Covers acute and chronic exercise
Book Synopsis Physical Activity and Educational Achievement by : Romain Meeusen
Download or read book Physical Activity and Educational Achievement written by Romain Meeusen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A growing body of research evidence suggests that physical activity can have a positive effect on educational achievement. This book examines a range of processes associated with physical activity that are of relevance to those working in education – including cognition, learning, memory, attention, mood, stress and mental health symptoms – and draws on the latest insights from exercise neuroscience to help explain the evidence. With contributions from leading scientists and educationalists from around the world, this book cuts through the myths to interrogate the relationship between physical activity and educational achievement in children, adolescents and young adults in a variety of cultural and geographical contexts. Examining both the benefits and risks associated with physical activity from the perspectives of exercise science and educational psychology, it also looks ahead to ask what the limits of this research might be and what effects it might have on the future practice of education. Physical Activity and Educational Achievement: Insights from Exercise Neuroscience is fascinating reading for any student, academic or practitioner with an interest in exercise science and education.
Book Synopsis Acute Exercise and Executive Function in Young Adults with ADHD by : Gerald John Jones
Download or read book Acute Exercise and Executive Function in Young Adults with ADHD written by Gerald John Jones and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the study was to identify the effect of a single bout of moderately intense aerobic exercise on measures of executive function in young adults with ADHD. Thirty-two young adults between the ages of 18 and 25 years old were randomly assigned to either an acute exercise group or a control group. The exercise protocol was designed to address the methodological shortcomings in the exercise and executive function literature, and involved cycling on a stationary bike at moderate intensity for 30 minutes. Participants completed executive function tasks related to set shifting, working memory, and inhibition prior to and immediately following the treatment session. Results of the study reveal that acute exercise facilitated performance on the Stroop Color-Word task when compared to sedentary controls. However, unlike previous research on healthy adults, no improvements on the other measures of executive function were observed. These findings suggest that young adults with ADHD may specifically benefit from acute exercise on aspects of executive function related to the Stroop Color-Word measure. In conclusion, further research on this topic should continue to investigate this population, as well as consider the relationship between acute exercise and additional neuropsychological measures of inhibition, set shifting, and working memory in order to better determine the effects on each construct.
Book Synopsis Effects of Physical Exercise on Brain and Cognitive Functioning by : Soledad Ballesteros
Download or read book Effects of Physical Exercise on Brain and Cognitive Functioning written by Soledad Ballesteros and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-06-06 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes by : Corita Vincent
Download or read book The Effects of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Executive Function in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes written by Corita Vincent and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), relies heavily on self-care behaviours such as dietary modification, physical activity, and medication adherence. Ability to perform these self-care behaviours depends, at least in part, on executive function (EF). Recent evidence suggests a correlation between T2DM and impaired cognitive function, including EF. Given the importance of EF for regulation of behaviours, and the importance of self-care in diabetes management, attenuated EF would represent a potential barrier to proper disease management. Thus the objective of Study 1 was to examine the association between T2DM and EF through meta-analytic techniques. Medline, PsychoInfo, and Scopus, as well as article references, were used to identify studies comparing individuals with T2DM to a control population. Effect size was calculated using cohen's d and random effects modeling, and the potential impact of moderators (age, sex, and T2DM duration) were examined. Review of 60 studies (59 articles), revealed a significant, small-to-moderate effect size (d=-0.249, p
Book Synopsis Physical Activity, Self-Regulation, and Executive Control Across the Lifespan by : Sean P. Mullen
Download or read book Physical Activity, Self-Regulation, and Executive Control Across the Lifespan written by Sean P. Mullen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is overwhelming evidence linking increased physical activity with positive changes in cognitive functioning and brain health. Much of what we know about these interrelationships comes from aerobic exercise training studies with older adults and children. This literature has paved the way for the neuroscientific investigation of mechanisms responsible for exercise-induced cognitive and brain health enhancement, a list that ranges from molecular changes to systemic changes in executive control and neural connectivity. A new perspective has also emerged that aims to understand executive control processes that may underlie the regulation of health behavior. In accordance with this view, physical activity falls under the umbrella of health behaviors that require a substantial amount of executive control. Executive control is a limited resource, and the aging process depletes this resource. People who regularly exercise are said to have higher “self-regulatory control”—planning, goal-shielding and impulse control—than irregular exercisers. The successful maintenance of physical activity participation in lieu of daily cognitive stressors likely reflects an adaptive resistance to control failures. Indeed, a handful of studies have shown the relationship between greater executive control and subsequently higher levels of physical activity. However, little is known about the neural correlates of physical activity adherence or sedentary behavior, with the view that neurocognitive factors have an antecedent and reciprocal influence on these behaviors. No research has focused on the brain networks responsible for the self-regulation of physical activity, which likely overlaps with structures and functions playing critical roles in the regulation of other health behaviors. Interdisciplinary investigations are needed to explain the extent to which physical activity self-regulation and self-regulatory failure is dependent upon, or under the influence of executive control processes and brain networks. Understanding the degree to which self-regulatory resources may be enhanced, restored, and trained will have enormous implications for basic science and applied fields. It is also of great import to understand whether or not physical activity self-regulation is a domain-specific behavior associated with specific brain networks, or to determine the extent to which regulatory network-sharing occurs. The aim of this Frontiers Research Topic is to curate contributions from researchers in social and cognitive neurosciences and related fields, whose work involves the study of physical activity behavior, self-regulation and executive control. For this Research Topic, we, therefore, solicit reviews, original research articles, and opinion papers, which draw theoretical or empirical connections related to sustained physical activity behavior, self-regulatory strategies, cognitive performance, and brain structure and function. While focusing on work in the neurosciences, this Research Topic also welcomes contributions in the form of behavioral studies, psychophysiological investigations, and methodological innovations. This Frontiers Research Topic will carve out new directions for the fields of exercise, cognitive, and social neurosciences. We hope you will consider submitting your work.
Book Synopsis Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Neural Correlates of Executive Function in Healthy Individuals and Patients with ADHD by : Aylin Mehren
Download or read book Acute Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Neural Correlates of Executive Function in Healthy Individuals and Patients with ADHD written by Aylin Mehren and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Cognitive and Affective Wellbeing by : Chong Chen
Download or read book The Effects of Physical Activity and Exercise on Cognitive and Affective Wellbeing written by Chong Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-12-01 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on the Consolidation of Motor Memories by : Sarah Holman
Download or read book The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on the Consolidation of Motor Memories written by Sarah Holman and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has shown that acute aerobic exercise performed prior to motor training can assist with motor skill acquisition through enhancement of motor cortical plasticity. Recently, studies using high intensity interval training performed post-motor training have found improvements in the retention of the motor skill. This suggests that exercise performed post-motor training may enhance motor memory consolidation, although the mechanisms of this are unclear. We hypothesized that acute continuous moderate intensity exercise performed post-motor training would also assist with motor skill retention and that this behavioural change would be positively correlated with neural markers of cortical plasticity. Thirty-three participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: exercise (EXE) or control (CON). During the first visit, participants completed a motor training session of a bimanual wrist flexion task using wrist movements to control the cursor position on a computer screen to reach a target. Movement to the target was cued, allowing for the generation of a cortical movement-related potential (MRP). MRP modulations represent changes in the excitability of the brain prior to movement which are associated with task performance. After motor training, EXE performed a session of continuous moderate intensity exercise on a recumbent bike for 20 minutes (70% of heart rate reserve (HRR)). CON read for the same amount of time. Both groups completed two post-training tests after the exercise or rest: one 10 minutes after the exercise/rest session (post-training test 1), and one once heart rate returned to resting level in EXE (post-training test 2) or 30 minutes after rest in CON. Participants returned to the lab 1 day and 7 days later to complete retention and transfer tests of the task. MRPs were measured using electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate neural markers related to motor performance and exercise during the first visit. To assess behavioural changes measures of speed and accuracy were collected at all timepoints as response time (RT) and root mean square (RMS) of the difference in the actual from the ideal trajectory of the cursor. Results show that EXE had a smaller change in accuracy scores compared to CON at both retention timepoints, however this group difference was only significant at the 7 day retention. There were no significant differences in speed between the groups at the retention tests and no significant differences in accuracy or speed between the groups at the transfer tests. Consistent with previous motor training studies our MRP data shows an increase in amplitude from early to late training, however this was only significant at CZ and not FCZ. MRP amplitude was not significantly increased after exercise at the post-training test 2. Correlational analysis revealed a significant correlation between the change in the MRP amplitude sum from early to late training and the change in RT from the last 5 trials of post-training 2 to retention 1. This was only observed in EXE and when both groups were pooled together. Our results suggest that post-motor training exercise helps to retain the accuracy of the skill after motor training. Additionally, there may be a relationship between excitability increases during training and performance of the skill at retention which may be enhanced with post-motor training exercise. These results inform motor learning paradigms and future studies with other populations including older adults and neurorehabilitation patients.
Book Synopsis Enhancement of Brain Functions Prompted by Physical Activity Vol 1 by :
Download or read book Enhancement of Brain Functions Prompted by Physical Activity Vol 1 written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-25 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Progress in Brain Research serial highlights new advances in the field with this new volume presenting interesting chapters. Each chapter is written by an international board of authors. An authoritative opinion piece on the evolving landscape of research into physical exercise and cognitive function. Systematical review articles offering a synthesis of existing research and key conclusions on the field of exercise and cognition. Original research articles presenting new findings on the enhancement of neurocognitive performance through physical exercise.
Book Synopsis Clinical Handbook of ADHD Assessment and Treatment Across the Lifespan by : Johnny L. Matson
Download or read book Clinical Handbook of ADHD Assessment and Treatment Across the Lifespan written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-12-23 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The handbook examines the latest research and clinical advancements in assessing and treating ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) across the lifespan. It synthesizes the most current research data and trends combined with best-practice interventions to form a comprehensive, state-of-the-art resource. The handbook identifies the most relevant, effective treatments for individuals with ADHD. Key areas of coverage include: Core symptoms of ADHD in minority children. Lifestyles for children with ADHD. Digital interventions for children and adolescents with ADHD. Telemedicine to manage ADHD across the lifespan. Healthcare use and costs for adults with ADHD. The Clinical Handbook of ADHD Assessment and Treatment Across the Lifespan is an essential reference for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians and other professionals across such interrelated disciplines as clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation medicine/therapy, pediatrics, and special education.
