Immune maturation and modulation in childhood allergies

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Publisher : Linköping University Electronic Press
ISBN 13 : 9179297870
Total Pages : 107 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (792 download)

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Book Synopsis Immune maturation and modulation in childhood allergies by : Johanna Huoman

Download or read book Immune maturation and modulation in childhood allergies written by Johanna Huoman and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevalence of allergic diseases has in the past century increased among children in affluent societies. Underlying causes are incompletely disentangled, but decreased diversity in environmental and microbial exposures could drive allergy development. Allergic individuals possess imbalanced immune responses, skewed in favour of Th2 cells along with lesser Th1 and Treg responses. As allergy development early in life increases the risk of developing further allergic manifestations later, early prevention is key. Thus, interventions in pregnancy, early life and childhood may modulate immunity towards tolerance, although underpinnings of immune maturation and modulation in allergy prevention throughout childhood are not entirely understood. In this thesis, these questions are addressed in children with a high propensity of developing allergic disease or who already have manifested allergies. Chemokines are crucial for immune cell recruitment to the allergic reaction site, and associate with allergy development in childhood. In Paper I, circulating levels of the allergy-related chemokines CCL17, CCL18, CCL22, CXCL10 and CXCL11 were studied in the natural course of allergic disease. Elevated levels of the Th2/Treg-regulated chemokine CCL18 in infancy and childhood associated with development of asthma and/or sensitisation. Moreover, this finding conferred higher odds of developing asthma and sensitisation from early school age until adolescence. Additionally, increased levels of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 after birth, and decreased levels of CXCL11 at birth, preceded asthma development later in life. Hence, Paper I showed that circulating chemokine levels in different ways precede allergy development. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, comprise a link between the genetic setup and environmental exposures, and regulate processes such as Th cell differentiation. Perinatal treatment with Lactobacillus reuteri and ?-3 fatty acids prevent development of some IgE-mediated manifestations. However, the drivers of the immunostimulating and pro-resolving effects of these treatments are sparsely examined. In Papers II and III, epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns in CD4+ cells upon pre-and postnatal L. reuteri supplementation alone or in combination with ?-3 fatty acids were studied. In Paper II, the greatest epigenome wide differential methylation was evident at birth, mainly directed towards hypomethylation, indicating transcriptional availability of affected genes. Network analyses revealed several immune related pathways, and a relationship of differentially methylated genes to allergy development. Thus, prenatal L. reuteri treatment seemingly poises Th cells towards immune activation at birth, possibly influencing immune maturation as well as allergy development in the child. In Paper III, epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns were surveyed at birth. In this on-going trial, mothers are treated during the latter half of pregnancy with a combination of L. reuteri and ?-3 fatty acids. Four different treatment groups were studied, and the largest differential methylation was seen in the double active treatment group. In contrast to Paper II, most CpGs and genes were hypermethylated, indicating repressed gene transcription. In line with Paper II, network analyses showed that T cell and immune mediated pathways were affected by treatment, and synergistic effects of the double treatment were indicated. Taken together, prenatal treatment with L. reuteri and/or ?-3 fatty acids altered the epigenome to different extents at birth, mainly towards hypermethylation, and often affected immune related pathways. Immunomodulatory effects of sublingual immunotherapy in children and adolescents are scarcely investigated. In Paper IV, circulating and salivary immune mediators were investigated in timothy grass-pollen allergic children treated with sublingual immunotherapy. Actively treated children had elevated levels of timothy grass pollen-specific IgA antibodies in saliva, along with increased circulating levels of the Th1-associated chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11, both after treatment ending and two years later. Taken together, sublingual immunotherapy modulates local and peripheral immune responses in children with timothy grass pollen-induced allergy, by augmenting Th1-responses, lessening Th2-responses and inducing immunomodulatory responses, suggesting induction of tolerance, also partly in the long-term. Altogether, the studies in this thesis have shown altered immune regulation in children developing allergies. Moreover, immunomodulatory effects of prenatal treatment with probiotics and ?-3 fatty acids, and sublingual immunotherapy in children with grass pollen-induced allergic disease, were revealed. DNA methylation patterns and immunologic mediators in blood and saliva could potentially serve as appropriate biomarkers for allergic disease. Long term health benefits can be reached by intervening early in life, and further knowledge about the mechanisms behind this could promote the prevention of allergic diseases and hence improve the quality of life for children and adolescents. Förekomsten av allergiska sjukdomar, som böjveckseksem, hösnuva och astma, har under det senaste århundradet ökat markant bland barn i industrialiserade samhällen. De bakomliggande orsakerna är inte helt klarlagda, men samhälleliga förändringar har minskat vår mångfaldiga exponering för bakterier, virus och parasiter. Detta skulle kunna ligga till grund för immunförsvarets felaktiga reaktion mot egentligen ofarliga ämnen som ses vid allergier. Hos allergiska individer är immunförsvaret obalanserat, med en relativ övervikt av det så kallade Thjälpar- 2 (Th2)-svaret gentemot Th1- och det regulatoriska T-cells (Treg)-svaret. Allergiska sjukdomar utvecklas ofta tidigt i livet, vilket ökar risken för att utveckla vidare allergier senare i livet. Därför är det viktigt att motverka den allergiska marschens framfart tidigt genom förebyggande behandlingar. Ett tillvägagångsätt är att påbörja behandling under graviditeten och tidiga barndomen hos barn med hög risk för att bli allergiska, då grunden för immunsystemet läggs redan under fosterlivet. För redan utvecklade allergier är det tänkbart att omforma dessa immunsvar med immunterapi, som kan minska symptom av befintliga allergier samtidigt som det är möjligt att motverka utvecklingen av senare allergier. Det är dock inte helt klarlagt hur immunutmognaden under barndomen är reglerad, eller hur dessa typer av behandlingar skulle kunna påverka allergiutveckling under den perioden. I denna avhandling undersöks immunutmognad vid allergiutveckling hos barn, och möjliga immunmodulerande förebyggande behandlingar hos barn med genetisk benägenhet att bli allergiska eller som redan utvecklat allergisk sjukdom. För att celler ska rekryteras till platsen för en allergisk reaktion krävs bland annat s.k. kemokiner. I det första arbetet undersöktes dessa lockelseämnen, då våra tidigare studier visat att nivåerna av vissa kemokiner vid födseln förutspår utvecklingen av allergi hos barn. De allergirelaterade kemokinerna CCL17, CCL18, CCL22, CXCL10 och CXCL11 analyserades i blodprover vid födseln, 1 och 8 års ålder hos barn från en populationsbaserad observationsstudie. Förhöjda nivåer av CCL18, ett kemokin under reglering av både Th2- och Treg-svar, uppmättes vid 1 och/eller 8 års ålder hos barn som hade astma (särskilt svår astma) och/eller var sensibiliserade. De ökade nivåerna associerade också till högre odds för utveckling av astma från tidig skolålder upp till övre tonåren, med liknande resultat för sensibilisering. Även ökade nivåer av de Th1-associerade kemokinerna CXCL10 efter födseln och minskade nivåer av CXCL11 vid födseln föregick utvecklingen av astma senare i livet. Det första arbetet visade alltså på att cirkulerande kemokiner på olika vis föregår utvecklingen av allergier hos barn och ungdomar. Som länk mellan arv och miljö står s.k. epigenetiska modifieringar, vilka reglerar genaktiviteten utan att förändra den genetiska koden i arvsmassan. Till dessa modifieringar räknas DNAmetylering, en process som bl.a. styr utmognad av de allergirelaterade T-hjälparcellerna. Vi har i tidigare separata studier med den probiotiska stammen Lactobacillus reuteri och omega-3- behandling visat förebyggande av vissa IgE-medierade allergier. Vad som föranleder de immunstimulerande och immunmodulerande effekterna av behandlingarna är dock otillräckligt undersökt. I det andra och tredje arbetet undersöktes hur L. reuteri separat eller i kombination med omega-3-fettsyror påverkar DNA-metyleringsmönster i CD4+ Th-celler hos barn som behandlats före och efter födseln. I det andra arbetet undersöktes DNA-metyleringsmönster både lokalt och i hela genomet vid födseln, ett och två års ålder. Behandling med L. reuteri förändrade DNA-metyleringsmönster i allergirelaterade T-hjälparceller mest vid födseln mot s.k. hypometylering, vilket pekar på ökad tillgänglighet av generna för proteinuttryck. Vidare nätverksanalyser visade att flera immunrelaterade processer påverkades av behandlingen. Därtill var generna från nätverket till stor del associerade med allergiutveckling. Maternell behandling med L. reuteri under den sista graviditetsmånaden tycks alltså förändra DNA-metyleringsmönster i T-hjälparceller hos fostret mot ökad immunaktivering vid födseln, vilket i sin tur skulle kunna påverka både immunutmognad och allergiutveckling hos barnet. I likhet med det andra arbetet undersöktes i det tredje arbetet DNA-metyleringsmönster i hela epigenomet, fast endast vid födseln. I denna pågående studie behandlas mödrarna under den andra halvan av graviditeten med en kombination av L. reuteri och omega-3-fettsyror. Fyra olika behandlingsgrupper undersöktes och den största förändringen i DNA-metylering återfanns i den kombinerade aktiva behandlingsgruppen. I motsats till det andra arbetet var dock de flesta CpG positionerna och generna hypermetylerade, vilket tyder på att genernas tillgänglighet för proteinuttryck hämmas. I linje med det andra arbetet framkom T-cells- och immunrelaterade signalvägar i nätverksanalyser på dessa gener, och det fanns indikationer på synergistiska effekter mellan behandlingarna. Det tredje arbetet visade att behandling med L. reuteri och/eller omega- 3-fettsyror under senare delen av graviditeten förändrar T-hjälparcellernas epigenom i olika grad främst mot hypermetylering, och ofta påverkar immunrelaterade signalvägar. Relevansen av dessa fynd kommer i framtida studier att undersökas på proteinnivå och i relation till allergiutveckling. Med allergenspecifik immunterapi är det möjligt att modulera immunsvaret hos allergiska individer mot ett tolerant immunsvar, men effekter av sublingual immunterapi på immunförsvaret hos barn och ungdomar är knapphändigt undersökta. I det fjärde arbetet undersöktes olika immunologiska mediatorer i blod och saliv hos barn med gräspollenallergi, som deltagit i en studie med sublingual immunterapi. Nivåerna av allergirelaterade cytokiner och kemokiner undersöktes i blodprover från inklusionstillfället, efter tre år med behandling samt två år efter avslutad behandling i plasmaprov och allergenstimulerade blodceller. Dessutom mättes total-IgA, sekretoriskt IgA och gräspollenspecifikt IgA i saliv vid samma tillfällen. Barn som fått aktiv behandling hade högre nivåer av gräspollenspecifika IgA-antikroppar i saliv både när behandlingen avslutades och två år efter. Därtill ökade nivåerna av de Th1-associerade kemokinerna CXCL10 och CXCL11 i blodet vid samma tidpunkter. Sammantaget visade resultaten från det fjärde arbetet att behandlingen med sublingual immunterapi hos barn med gräspollenallergi modulerar immunsvaret både lokalt och i cirkulationen genom att öka Th1- svar, minska Th2-svar och inducera immunreglerande svar, vilket indikerar att tolerans har utvecklats hos dessa barn, delvis även på lång sikt. Sammanfattningsvis har studierna i denna avhandling visat på förändrad immunreglering hos barn som utvecklar allergi. Dessutom påvisades immunmodulerande effekter av prenatal behandling med probiotika och omega-3-fettsyror samt av sublingual immunterapi hos barn med gräspollenallergi. DNA-metyleringsmönster och immunologiska mediatorer i blod och saliv skulle kunna fungera som lämpliga biomarkörer för allergisk sjukdom, vilket är ett viktig led i att kunna förutsäga allergiutveckling och förbättra den kliniska behandlingen av allergier bland barn och ungdomar. Långsiktiga hälsofördelar kan uppnås genom att ingripa tidigt i livet, och vidare kunskap om mekanismerna bakom detta skulle kunna främja förebyggandet av allergiska sjukdomar och således kunna förbättra livskvaliteten för barn och ungdomar.

Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309450314
Total Pages : 575 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-05-27 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years, public concerns have grown in response to the apparent rising prevalence of food allergy and related atopic conditions, such as eczema. Although evidence on the true prevalence of food allergy is complicated by insufficient or inconsistent data and studies with variable methodologies, many health care experts who care for patients agree that a real increase in food allergy has occurred and that it is unlikely to be due simply to an increase in awareness and better tools for diagnosis. Many stakeholders are concerned about these increases, including the general public, policy makers, regulatory agencies, the food industry, scientists, clinicians, and especially families of children and young people suffering from food allergy. At the present time, however, despite a mounting body of data on the prevalence, health consequences, and associated costs of food allergy, this chronic disease has not garnered the level of societal attention that it warrants. Moreover, for patients and families at risk, recommendations and guidelines have not been clear about preventing exposure or the onset of reactions or for managing this disease. Finding a Path to Safety in Food Allergy examines critical issues related to food allergy, including the prevalence and severity of food allergy and its impact on affected individuals, families, and communities; and current understanding of food allergy as a disease, and in diagnostics, treatments, prevention, and public policy. This report seeks to: clarify the nature of the disease, its causes, and its current management; highlight gaps in knowledge; encourage the implementation of management tools at many levels and among many stakeholders; and delineate a roadmap to safety for those who have, or are at risk of developing, food allergy, as well as for others in society who are responsible for public health.

Food Allergy in Infancy and Childhood

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Food Allergy in Infancy and Childhood by : H.K. Harms

Download or read book Food Allergy in Infancy and Childhood written by H.K. Harms and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-04-18 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers all basic and clinical aspects related to food allergy in both infancy and childhood. Pathophysiology, biochemistry, immunological mechanisms, as well as current problems of diagnosis and therapy are examined. In addition, the effectiveness of diets in infancy in the prevention of food allergy and atopy is critically examined.

Pediatric Allergy: Principles and Practice E-Book

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Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1437737781
Total Pages : 705 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (377 download)

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Book Synopsis Pediatric Allergy: Principles and Practice E-Book by : Donald Y. M. Leung

Download or read book Pediatric Allergy: Principles and Practice E-Book written by Donald Y. M. Leung and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2010-10-13 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric Allergy supplies the comprehensive guidance you need to diagnose, manage, and treat virtually any type of allergy seen in children. Drs. Leung, Sampson, Geha, and Szefler present the new full-color second edition, with coverage of the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis, the immune mechanisms underlying allergic disease, the latest diagnostic tests, and more. Treat the full range of pediatric allergic and immunologic diseases through clinically focused coverage relevant to both allergists and pediatricians. Understand the care and treatment of pediatric patients thanks to clinical pearls discussing the best approaches. Easily refer to appendices that list common food allergies and autoantibodies in autoimmune diseases. Apply the newest diagnostic tests available—for asthma, upper respiratory allergy, and more—and know their benefits and contraindications. Treat the allergy at its source rather than the resulting reactions through an understanding of the immune mechanisms underlying allergic diseases. Get coverage of new research that affects methods of patient treatment and discusses potential reasons for increased allergies in some individuals. Better manage potential anaphylaxis cases through analysis of contributing facts and progression of allergic disease. Effectively control asthma and monitor its progression using the new step-by-step approach. Eliminate difficulty in prescribing antibiotics thanks to coverage of drug allergies and cross-reactivity.

Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children by :

Download or read book Summary Health Statistics for U.S. Children written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Focus: Minorities: Communicating the Dream's Responsibility

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Focus: Minorities: Communicating the Dream's Responsibility by : National Council of Teachers of English. Committee on Classroom Practices

Download or read book Focus: Minorities: Communicating the Dream's Responsibility written by National Council of Teachers of English. Committee on Classroom Practices and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays incorporating Afro-American, communication, and megalopolis themes.

World Allergy Organization (WAO) White Book on Allergy

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780615461823
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (618 download)

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Book Synopsis World Allergy Organization (WAO) White Book on Allergy by : Ruby Pawankar

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Allergy, Immunity and Tolerance in Early Childhood

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0127999302
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (279 download)

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Book Synopsis Allergy, Immunity and Tolerance in Early Childhood by : Hans Ulrich Wahn

Download or read book Allergy, Immunity and Tolerance in Early Childhood written by Hans Ulrich Wahn and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-09-10 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Allergy, Immunity and Tolerance in Early Childhood: The First Steps of the Atopic March provides valuable insights on the atopic diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies, which have developed into major health problems in most parts of the world. As the natural history of these chronic diseases has been extensively studied, including their major genetic, environmental, and lifestyle determinants and potential protective factors, the book presents tactics on how pediatric allergists can provide early intervention. In addition, the book unites key, global experts in the field who summarize their collective, and current, knowledge of the early stage of the "Atopic March", along with novel ideas for potential options of prevention. Summarizes the current knowledge of the epidemiological, genetic, and cellular basis of allergic diseases Ideal reference for the study of allergies in young children, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, childhood asthma, and food allergies Provides landmark findings in the field of immunology and allergy development Fulfills the need for a book that focuses on primary and secondary allergy prevention, especially during the first years of life Unites key, global experts in the field who summarize their collective, and current, knowledge, along with novel ideas for potential options of prevention

Trends in Allergic Conditions Among Children

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Trends in Allergic Conditions Among Children by : Kristen D. Jackson

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The Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3764389036
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (643 download)

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Book Synopsis The Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine by : Graham A.W. Rook

Download or read book The Hygiene Hypothesis and Darwinian Medicine written by Graham A.W. Rook and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-24 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Man has moved rapidly from the hunter-gatherer environment to the living conditions of industrialised countries. The hygiene hypothesis suggests that the resulting reduced exposure to micro-organisms has led to disordered regulation of the immune system, and hence to increases in certain chronic inflammatory disorders, like allergic disorders, autoimmunity, inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, depression, some cancers and perhaps Alzheimer and Parkinson. This book discusses the evidence for and against in the context of Darwinian medicine, which uses knowledge of evolution to cast light on human diseases. The approach is interdisciplinary, looking at man’s microbiological history, at the biology of the effects of microorganisms on the immune system, and at the implications for chronic inflammatory disorders in multiple organ systems. Finally, the authors describe progress in the exploitation of microorganisms or their components as novel prophylactics and treatments.

Nutrition and Allergic Diseases

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ISBN 13 : 9783038428503
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (285 download)

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Book Synopsis Nutrition and Allergic Diseases by : Joost van Neerven

Download or read book Nutrition and Allergic Diseases written by Joost van Neerven and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrition and Allergic Diseases.

Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome: Impact on the Neonate

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Publisher : S. Karger
ISBN 13 : 3318066850
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome: Impact on the Neonate by : P.L. Ogra

Download or read book Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome: Impact on the Neonate written by P.L. Ogra and published by S. Karger. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable advances have been made in science in order to understand the varied mixture of bioactive components in human milk. The 94th Nestlé Nutrition Institute Workshop was designed to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings in human milk research and its potential to modulate mucosal immunity, the microbiome, and its impact on the neonate. The publication provides a balanced state-of-the-art update on the current knowledge about milk, mucosal immunity, and the microbiome as well as their impact on breastfeeding in mammalian neonates. The first part reviews data on the immunology of milk and lactation from a historical perspective to the latest scientific findings. The second part discusses the microbiology of human milk and lactation in detail, with a focus on premature infants and necrotizing enterocolitis. And finally, in the third part, light is shed on the protective factors in human milk and their role in influencing the neonate’s immune system. Important new insights will provide great scientific support for all people seeking a deeper understanding of human milk and its immunological properties and will enlarge the knowledge of those who have already specialized in human milk research.

Regulation of the Immune Response

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Publisher : S. Karger AG (Switzerland)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulation of the Immune Response by : Pearay L. Ogra

Download or read book Regulation of the Immune Response written by Pearay L. Ogra and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1983 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Asthma

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199918066
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Asthma by : Richard F. Lockey

Download or read book Asthma written by Richard F. Lockey and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnosing asthma requires knowledge of the multiple conditions that emulate it, and treatment requires addressing factors that modify the disease. This comprehensive, single reference will help practitioners identify and care for co-morbid conditions and improve asthma treatment.

The Lung Microbiome

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Publisher : European Respiratory Society
ISBN 13 : 1849841020
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis The Lung Microbiome by : Michael J. Cox

Download or read book The Lung Microbiome written by Michael J. Cox and published by European Respiratory Society. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studying the lung microbiome requires a specialist approach to sampling, laboratory techniques and statistical analysis. This Monograph introduces the techniques used and discusses how respiratory sampling, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics and the application of ecological theory can be used to examine the respiratory microbiome. It examines the different components of the respiratory microbiome: viruses and fungi in addition to the more frequently studied bacteria. It also considers a range of contexts from the paediatric microbiome and how this develops to disease of all ages including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic suppurative lung diseases, interstitial lung diseases, acquired pneumonias, transplantation, cancer and HIV, and the interaction of the respiratory microbiome and the environment.

Parasites and Allergy

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Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805579748
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Parasites and Allergy by : Monique Capron

Download or read book Parasites and Allergy written by Monique Capron and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inverse correlation between allergic diseases and helminth infections has been debated for over 30 years. It was initially assumed that the underlying mechanism is an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 responses that, as a result of reduced exposure to Th1-inducing infectious pathogens, has tipped to allergic Th2 responses. It has only recently been clearly demonstrated that helminth infections have negative effects on allergic disease manifestation. This was shown to be consistent with the activity of regulatory cell populations, which control the effector mechanisms of both Th1 and Th2. In th.

CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy

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Publisher : Mcgraw-hill
ISBN 13 : 9780071490078
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy by : Norton Greenberger

Download or read book CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy written by Norton Greenberger and published by Mcgraw-hill. This book was released on 2009-04-23 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most practical, authoritative guide to managing digestive and liver diseases A Doody's Core Title ESSENTIAL PURCHASE for 2011! "I found this book contemporary and well written, with knowledgeable authorship and recommend it for a handy reference for students, primary care providers and in a busy practice, but not for detailed evaluations. It certainly is worthwhile spending the $69.95 to have it as a handy reference on the shelf of practitioners."--Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology Authored by expert physicians at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, CURRENT Diagnosis & Treatment: Gastroenterology, Hepatology, & Endoscopy offers a streamlined, templated presentation that simplifies the diagnosis and medical management of digestive and liver diseases. Clinically relevant, up-to-date coverage of digestive and liver disorders, and related medical and surgical procedures, including endoscopy: High-yield coverage of the entire spectrum of gastroenterology and hepatology, from stomach and esophageal to pancreatic and liver disorders Complete review of advances in diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy “Essentials of Diagnosis” bulleted lists deliver instant guidance on identifying both common and rare digestive disorders Over 90 full-color endoscopic and other images of GI disorders Over 50 radiographic images clarify the use of the many currently available imaging techniques Key information from related fields, including GI surgery, and subspecialities such as liver transplantation, bariatric surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, and motility disorder