Ideological and Political Bias in Psychology

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031291484
Total Pages : 948 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Ideological and Political Bias in Psychology by : Craig L. Frisby

Download or read book Ideological and Political Bias in Psychology written by Craig L. Frisby and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-09-13 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the traditional assumptions made by academics and professionals alike that have embedded sociopolitical biases that impede practice. and undermine efforts to achieve an objective scientific status. If allowed to go unchallenged, the credibility of psychology as a discipline is compromised. This contributed volume thoroughly and comprehensively examines this concern in a conceptually and empirically rigorous manner and offers constructive solutions for minimizing undue political influences within the field of psychology. Societies in the 21st century desperately need reliable psychological science, but we don’t have it. This important volume explains one of the main reasons why we are making little progress on any issue that gets contaminated by the left-right culture war: because the field of psychology is an enthusiastic member of one of the two teams, so it rejects findings and researchers who question its ideological commitments. The authors of this engaging volume also show us the way out. They diagnose the social dynamics of bias and point to reforms that would give us the psychology that we need to address 21st century problems. Jonathan Haidt, Thomas Cooley Professor of Ethical Leadership, NYU—Stern School of Business and author of The Righteous Mind The boundaries of free speech, censorship, moral cultures, social justice, and ideological biases are among the many incendiary topics discussed in this book. If you are looking for a deep-dive into real-world contemporary controversies, Ideological and Political Bias in Psychology fits the bill. The chapters are thoughtful and thought-provoking. Most readers will find something to agree with and something to rage at in almost every chapter. It just may change how you think about some of these topics. Diane F. Halpern, Professor of Psychology Emerita, Claremont McKenna College and Past President, American Psychological Association Unless the political left is always correct about everything (in which case, we wouldn’t need to do research; we could just ask a leftist), the growing political monoculture of social science is a major barrier to our search for the truth. This volume shows how ideological bias should be treated as a source of research error, up there with classic methodological flaws like non-random assignment and non-blind measurement. Steven Pinker, Johnstone Professor of Psychology, Harvard University, and the author of Rationality An important read for academics curious about how their politics fashions beliefs that too often are uncritically taken for granted, and for non-academics wondering why we can't shake off the politics that so influences scientific work. Vernon Smith, Nobel Laureate in Economic Sciences and George L. Argyros Chair in Finance and Economics, Chapman University Advances and deepens empirically rigorous scholarship into biased political influences affecting academic and professional psychology. Offers constructive solutions for minimizing undue political influences within psychology and moving the field forward. Serves as a resource for psychological academicians, researchers, practitioners, and consultants seeking to restore the principles of accurate science and effective practice to their respective areas of research.

Social Psychology of Political Polarization

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Author :
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317288858
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Psychology of Political Polarization by : Piercarlo Valdesolo

Download or read book Social Psychology of Political Polarization written by Piercarlo Valdesolo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-02-05 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 21st-century political landscape has been defined by deep ideological polarization, and as a result scientific inquiry into the psychological mechanisms underlying this divide has taken on increased relevance. The topic is by no means new to social psychology. Classic literature on intergroup conflict shows how pervasive and intractable these group conflicts can be, how readily they can emerge from even minimal group identities, and the hedonic rewards reaped from adopting an "us vs. them" perspective. Indeed, this literature paints a bleak picture for the efficacy of any interventions geared toward reducing intergroup discord. But advances in the psychology of moral judgments and behavior, in particular greater understanding of how moral concerns might inform the creation and stability of political identities, offer new ways forward in understanding partisan divides. This volume brings together leading researchers in moral and political psychology, offering new perspectives on the moral roots of political ideology, and exciting new opportunities for the development of more effective applied interventions.

Open versus Closed

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107120462
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Open versus Closed by : Christopher D. Johnston

Download or read book Open versus Closed written by Christopher D. Johnston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how deep-seated personality traits shape citizens' attitudes toward economic redistribution, and what it means for American democracy. It will be of interest to researchers from across the social sciences, as well as citizens, pundits, political observers, and commentators from across the political spectrum.

Ideology, Psychology, and Law

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Author :
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 9780199737512
Total Pages : 817 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Ideology, Psychology, and Law by : Jon Hanson

Download or read book Ideology, Psychology, and Law written by Jon Hanson and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-01-11 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Features the groundbreaking law-related research of political psychologists. Includes leading legal scholars' commentary and analysis of political psychologists' work. The first book to bring together experts to discuss the interaction between psychology, ideology, and law.

Politics of Social Psychology

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1351622552
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Politics of Social Psychology by : Jarret T. Crawford

Download or read book Politics of Social Psychology written by Jarret T. Crawford and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2017-07-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social scientists have long known that political beliefs bias the way they think about, understand, and interpret the world around them. In this volume, scholars from social psychology and related fields explore the ways in which social scientists themselves have allowed their own political biases to influence their research. These biases may influence the development of research hypotheses, the design of studies and methods and materials chosen to test hypotheses, decisions to publish or not publish results based on their consistency with one’s prior political beliefs, and how results are described and dissemination to the popular press. The fact that these processes occur within academic disciplines, such as social psychology, that strongly skew to the political left compounds the problem. Contributors to this volume not only identify and document the ways that social psychologists’ political beliefs can and have influenced research, but also offer solutions towards a more depoliticized social psychology that can become a model for discourse across the social sciences.

The Bias That Divides Us

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262045753
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bias That Divides Us by : Keith E. Stanovich

Download or read book The Bias That Divides Us written by Keith E. Stanovich and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why we don't live in a post-truth society but rather a myside society: what science tells us about the bias that poisons our politics. In The Bias That Divides Us, psychologist Keith Stanovich argues provocatively that we don't live in a post-truth society, as has been claimed, but rather a myside society. Our problem is not that we are unable to value and respect truth and facts, but that we are unable to agree on commonly accepted truth and facts. We believe that our side knows the truth. Post-truth? That describes the other side. The inevitable result is political polarization. Stanovich shows what science can tell us about myside bias: how common it is, how to avoid it, and what purposes it serves. Stanovich explains that although myside bias is ubiquitous, it is an outlier among cognitive biases. It is unpredictable. Intelligence does not inoculate against it, and myside bias in one domain is not a good indicator of bias shown in any other domain. Stanovich argues that because of its outlier status, myside bias creates a true blind spot among the cognitive elite--those who are high in intelligence, executive functioning, or other valued psychological dispositions. They may consider themselves unbiased and purely rational in their thinking, but in fact they are just as biased as everyone else. Stanovich investigates how this bias blind spot contributes to our current ideologically polarized politics, connecting it to another recent trend: the decline of trust in university research as a disinterested arbiter.

Tax Revolt

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Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674868359
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (683 download)

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Book Synopsis Tax Revolt by : David O. Sears

Download or read book Tax Revolt written by David O. Sears and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tax revolt almost as momentous as the Boston Tea Party erupted in California in 1978. Its reverberations are still being felt, yet no one is quite sure what general lessons can be drawn from observing its course. this book is an in-depth study of this most recent and notable taxpayer's rebellion: Howard Jarvis and Proposition 13, the Gann measure of 1979, and Proposition (Jarvis II) of 1980.

Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199717606
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification by : John T. Jost

Download or read book Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification written by John T. Jost and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-11 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume on Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification brings together several of the most prominent social and political psychologists who are responsible for the resurgence of interest in the study of ideology, broadly defined. Leading scientists and scholars from several related disciplines, including psychology, sociology, political science, law, and organizational behavior present their cutting-edge theorizing and research. Topics include the social, personality, cognitive and motivational antecedents and consequences of adopting liberal versus conservative ideologies, the social and psychological functions served by political and religious ideologies, and the myriad ways in which people defend, bolster, and justify the social systems they inhabit. This book is the first of its kind, bringing together formerly independent lines of research on ideology and system justification.

Sex Differences

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136874941
Total Pages : 991 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex Differences by : Lee Ellis

Download or read book Sex Differences written by Lee Ellis and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 991 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first to aim at summarizing all of the scientific literature published so far regarding male-female differences and similarities, not only in behavior, but also in basic biology, physiology, health, perceptions, emotions, and attitudes. Results from over 18,000 studies have been condensed into more than 1,900 tables, with each table pertaining to a specific possible sex difference. Even research pertaining to how men and women are perceived (stereotyped) as being different is covered. Throughout this book's eleven years in preparation, no exclusions were made in terms of subject areas, cultures, time periods, or even species. The book is accompanied by a CD containing all 18,000+ references cited in the book. Sex Differences is a monumental resource for any researcher, student, or professional who requires an assessment of the weight of evidence that currently exists regarding any sex difference of interest. It is also suitable as a text in graduate courses pertaining to gender or human sexuality.

Neither Liberal nor Conservative

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Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022645259X
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Neither Liberal nor Conservative by : Donald R. Kinder

Download or read book Neither Liberal nor Conservative written by Donald R. Kinder and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Congress is crippled by ideological conflict. The political parties are more polarized today than at any time since the Civil War. Americans disagree, fiercely, about just about everything, from terrorism and national security, to taxes and government spending, to immigration and gay marriage. Well, American elites disagree fiercely. But average Americans do not. This, at least, was the position staked out by Philip Converse in his famous essay on belief systems, which drew on surveys carried out during the Eisenhower Era to conclude that most Americans were innocent of ideology. In Neither Liberal nor Conservative, Donald Kinder and Nathan Kalmoe argue that ideological innocence applies nearly as well to the current state of American public opinion. Real liberals and real conservatives are found in impressive numbers only among those who are deeply engaged in political life. The ideological battles between American political elites show up as scattered skirmishes in the general public, if they show up at all. If ideology is out of reach for all but a few who are deeply and seriously engaged in political life, how do Americans decide whom to elect president; whether affirmative action is good or bad? Kinder and Kalmoe offer a persuasive group-centered answer. Political preferences arise less from ideological differences than from the attachments and antagonisms of group life.

Political Psychology

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9781841690698
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Psychology by : John T. Jost

Download or read book Political Psychology written by John T. Jost and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2004. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Predisposed

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136281215
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis Predisposed by : John R. Hibbing

Download or read book Predisposed written by John R. Hibbing and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buried in many people and operating largely outside the realm of conscious thought are forces inclining us toward liberal or conservative political convictions. Our biology predisposes us to see and understand the world in different ways, not always reason and the careful consideration of facts. These predispositions are in turn responsible for a significant portion of the political and ideological conflict that marks human history. With verve and wit, renowned social scientists John Hibbing, Kevin Smith, and John Alford—pioneers in the field of biopolitics—present overwhelming evidence that people differ politically not just because they grew up in different cultures or were presented with different information. Despite the oft-heard longing for consensus, unity, and peace, the universal rift between conservatives and liberals endures because people have diverse psychological, physiological, and genetic traits. These biological differences influence much of what makes people who they are, including their orientations to politics. Political disputes typically spring from the assumption that those who do not agree with us are shallow, misguided, uninformed, and ignorant. Predisposed suggests instead that political opponents simply experience, process, and respond to the world differently. It follows, then, that the key to getting along politically is not the ability of one side to persuade the other side to see the error of its ways but rather the ability of each side to see that the other is different, not just politically, but physically. Predisposed will change the way you think about politics and partisan conflict. As a bonus, the book includes a "Left/Right 20 Questions" game to test whether your predispositions lean liberal or conservative.

Fox News and American Politics

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131747998X
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Fox News and American Politics by : Dan Cassino

Download or read book Fox News and American Politics written by Dan Cassino and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, scholars have argued that the ability of people to choose which channel they want to watch means that television news is just preaching to the choir, and doesn’t change any minds. However, this book shows that the media still has an enormous direct impact on American society and politics. While past research has emphasized the indirect effects of media content on attitudes – through priming or framing, for instance – Dan Cassino argues that past data on both the public opinion and the media side wasn’t detailed enough to uncover it. Using a combination of original national surveys, large scale content analysis of news coverage along with data sets as disparate as FBI gun background checks and campaign contribution records, Cassino discusses why it’s important to treat different media sources separately, estimating levels of ideological bias for television media sources as well as the differences in the topics that the various media sources cover. Taking this into account proves that exposure to some media sources can serve to actually make Americans less knowledgeable about current affairs, and more likely to buy into conspiracy theories. Even in an era of declining viewership, the media – especially Fox News – are shaping our society and our politics. This book documents how this is happening, and shows the consequences for Americans. The quality of journalism is more than an academic question: when coverage focuses on questionable topics, or political bias, there are consequences.

The Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199729340
Total Pages : 836 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (293 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology by : Leonie Huddy

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology written by Leonie Huddy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-07-31 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political psychology applies what is known about human psychology to the study of politics. It examines how people reach political decisions on topics such as voting, party identification, and political attitudes as well as how leaders mediate political conflicts and make foreign policy decisions. The Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology gathers together a distinguished group of scholars from around the world to shed light on these vital questions. Focusing first on political psychology at the individual level (attitudes, values, decision-making, ideology, personality) and then moving to the collective (group identity, mass mobilization, political violence), this fully interdisciplinary volume covers models of the mass public and political elites and addresses both domestic issues and foreign policy. Now with new material providing an up-to-date account of cutting-edge research within both psychology and political science, this is an essential reference for scholars and students interested in the intersection of the two fields.

The Psychology of Fake News

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000179052
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Fake News by : Rainer Greifeneder

Download or read book The Psychology of Fake News written by Rainer Greifeneder and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the phenomenon of fake news by bringing together leading experts from different fields within psychology and related areas, and explores what has become a prominent feature of public discourse since the first Brexit referendum and the 2016 US election campaign. Dealing with misinformation is important in many areas of daily life, including politics, the marketplace, health communication, journalism, education, and science. In a general climate where facts and misinformation blur, and are intentionally blurred, this book asks what determines whether people accept and share (mis)information, and what can be done to counter misinformation? All three of these aspects need to be understood in the context of online social networks, which have fundamentally changed the way information is produced, consumed, and transmitted. The contributions within this volume summarize the most up-to-date empirical findings, theories, and applications and discuss cutting-edge ideas and future directions of interventions to counter fake news. Also providing guidance on how to handle misinformation in an age of “alternative facts”, this is a fascinating and vital reading for students and academics in psychology, communication, and political science and for professionals including policy makers and journalists.

The Bias of Temperament in American Politics

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781611635447
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (354 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bias of Temperament in American Politics by : William P. Kreml

Download or read book The Bias of Temperament in American Politics written by William P. Kreml and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning with The Anti-Authoritarian Personality, published in 1977, Prof. William P. Kreml has sought to construct an original political philosophy based upon psychological--or subjective--variables rather than the traditional objective variables of race, gender, social and economic standing, and the like. Kreml contends that "for every objectivity there is a subjectivity," meaning that a cross-weave of psychological variables play an important role in everything from personal ideology to the cognitive biases that underlie the structures of the American government. This book builds upon earlier writings and suggests that a great deal of the functional difficulty that the American government faces, as well as the inequity of the American political and legal systems, originates from psychological biases in favor of the extrovert over the introvert personality type and the analytic over the synthetic cognitive preference as it is found in different personalities. Kreml suggests constitutional and sub-constitutional remedies for these biases. "The necessary theoretical cross-weave" -- J. David Gillespie "Now in an updated and expanded second edition, The Bias of Temperament in American Politics is as informed and informative as it is thoughtful and thought-provoking. Exceptionally well written, organized and presented, The Bias of Temperament in American Politics is a strongly recommended addition to academic library Political Science reference collections and supplemental studies reading lists." -- Jack Mason, Reviewer's Bookwatch (The Midwest Book Review)

The Bias of Temperament in American Politics

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781611638943
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (389 download)

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Book Synopsis The Bias of Temperament in American Politics by : William Kreml

Download or read book The Bias of Temperament in American Politics written by William Kreml and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2016 paperback printing, seen here, is a reprint of the 2014 second edition, originally printed in hardback. Beginning with The Anti-Authoritarian Personality, published in 1977, Prof. William P. Kreml has sought to construct an original political philosophy based upon psychological--or subjective--variables rather than the traditional objective variables of race, gender, social and economic standing, and the like. Kreml contends that "for every objectivity there is a subjectivity," meaning that a cross-weave of psychological variables play an important role in everything from personal ideology to the cognitive biases that underlie the structures of the American government. This book builds upon earlier writings and suggests that a great deal of the functional difficulty that the American government faces, as well as the inequity of the American political and legal systems, originates from psychological biases in favor of the extrovert over the introvert personality type and the analytic over the synthetic cognitive preference as it is found in different personalities. Kreml suggests constitutional and sub-constitutional remedies for these biases. "The necessary theoretical cross-weave" -- J. David Gillespie "Now in an updated and expanded second edition, The Bias of Temperament in American Politics is as informed and informative as it is thoughtful and thought-provoking. Exceptionally well written, organized and presented, The Bias of Temperament in American Politics is a strongly recommended addition to academic library Political Science reference collections and supplemental studies reading lists." -- Jack Mason, Reviewer's Bookwatch (The Midwest Book Review)