Hysteresis and Business Cycles

Download Hysteresis and Business Cycles PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513536990
Total Pages : 50 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Hysteresis and Business Cycles by : Ms.Valerie Cerra

Download or read book Hysteresis and Business Cycles written by Ms.Valerie Cerra and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditionally, economic growth and business cycles have been treated independently. However, the dependence of GDP levels on its history of shocks, what economists refer to as “hysteresis,” argues for unifying the analysis of growth and cycles. In this paper, we review the recent empirical and theoretical literature that motivate this paradigm shift. The renewed interest in hysteresis has been sparked by the persistence of the Global Financial Crisis and fears of a slow recovery from the Covid-19 crisis. The findings of the recent literature have far-reaching conceptual and policy implications. In recessions, monetary and fiscal policies need to be more active to avoid the permanent scars of a downturn. And in good times, running a high-pressure economy could have permanent positive effects.

The Causes and Consequences of Long-term Unemployment in Europe

Download The Causes and Consequences of Long-term Unemployment in Europe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Causes and Consequences of Long-term Unemployment in Europe by : Stephen Machin

Download or read book The Causes and Consequences of Long-term Unemployment in Europe written by Stephen Machin and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986

Download NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780262560375
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986 by :

Download or read book NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1986 written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Welfare Regimes and the Experience of Unemployment in Europe

Download Welfare Regimes and the Experience of Unemployment in Europe PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191584762
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Welfare Regimes and the Experience of Unemployment in Europe by : Duncan Gallie

Download or read book Welfare Regimes and the Experience of Unemployment in Europe written by Duncan Gallie and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2000-05-25 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is the first major study to examine the implications of differences in welfare regimes for the experience of unemployment in Europe. It is concerned with three central questions about the way such regimes affect the experience of unemployment. The first is how far they protect the quality of life of unemployed people with respect to living standards and the experience of financial hardship. The second is their role in mediating the impact of unemployment on the individual's longer-term position in the labour market, addressing the issue of how far they help to prevent progressive marginalization from the employment structure as a result of motivational change, skill loss or the growth of discriminatory barriers. The third is how far such regimes mediate the impact of unemployment on social integration in the community, for instance with respect to the maintenance (or rupture) of social networks and the degree of psychological distress experienced by the unemployed. The book is the product of a major cross-cultural research programme, funded by the European Union (TSER), bringing together teams from eight countries. The emphasis has been on rigorous comparison rather than the all-too-frequent separate country analyses, which usually provide data which differs in format from one country to another. In addition to a systematic comparison of national data sources, it has been able to make use of a new important data source (the European Community Household Panel) produced by Eurostat which provides directly comparable information for all EU countries. The study shows that institutional and cultural differences have vital implications for the experience of unemployment. While welfare policies affect in an important way the pervasiveness of poverty, it is above all the patterns of family structure and the culture of sociability in a society that affect vulnerability to social isolation. The book concludes by developing a new perspective for understanding the risk of social exclusion.

Macroeconomic Causes of Unemployment: Diagnosis and Policy Recommendations /

Download Macroeconomic Causes of Unemployment: Diagnosis and Policy Recommendations / PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Duncker & Humblot
ISBN 13 : 9783428497584
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (975 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Macroeconomic Causes of Unemployment: Diagnosis and Policy Recommendations / by : Wolfgang Filc

Download or read book Macroeconomic Causes of Unemployment: Diagnosis and Policy Recommendations / written by Wolfgang Filc and published by Duncker & Humblot. This book was released on 2015-03-03 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference volume deals with one of the most severe economic, social and political problems major European economies face since the early nineties, the problem of lasting high unemployment. Contrary to the current German discussion, solely concentrating on microeconomic explanations and therapy recommendations, this volume presents papers based on various macro-economic points of view, showing different ways out of the employment crisis. Apart from renowned German economists, some well-known international academics participated in the 1998 Berlin symposium, to learn from experience in other countries.The first chapter contains the main standard textbook models and paradigms explaining lasting high unemployment. The question in the second chapter is if it is possible to fight unemployment with the help of macro policy on a purely national basis in the presence of global markets. The third chapter indicates possible effects of misalignments in financial markets on economic growth and employment. The contributions of the fourth chapter present experiences of other countries, which have succeeded in recent years in lowering their unemployment rates. The question at issue is, if these concepts can be transferred to Germany. The topics of the concluding chapter are practical macroeconomic starting points for sustainable employment growth in Europe. The methods contradict supply side arguments for the stabilisation of employment predominant in the German discussion. Attention is focused on relations between the role of monetary and fiscal policy in close conjunction with wage policy. Furthermore it is made evident that in global markets a theoretical macroeconomic concept as a base for sustainable employment is not very promising without enhanced international co-operation. InhaltsverzeichnisInhalt: W. Franz, Macroeconomics and Joblessness: An Introductory Statement - R. Richter, Warum Arbeitslosigkeit? Antworten von Wirtschaftstheoretikern seit Keynes (1936) - J. Priewe, Klassische und keynesianische Arbeitslosigkeit: eine Kritik hybrider Typologien - H.-J. Heinemann, Nationale Beschäftigungspolitik bei globalisierten Märkten? - P. Davidson, Global Macro Policies for Reducing Persistent High Unemployment Rates in OECD Countries - H. Klodt, International Direct Investment: Export of Headquarter Services or Export of Jobs? - A. Juchems / W. Leibfritz, Monetary Conditions and Fiscal Policy. A Comparison over Various Business Cycles and Different Phases of the Business Cycle - P. Winker, Financing Constraints, Output and Employment. Lessons from Theory and Empirical Evidence on the Micro and Macro Level - M. Frömmel / L. Menkhoff, The Informational Efficiency of Financial Markets and Macroeconomic Equilibrium - L. Funk, Labour Market Dynamics in Western Europe and the USA - M. Heise / M. Moersch, Micro and Macro Determinants of Unemployment. A Comparison of Trends in the United States and Germany - A. Heise, Unemployment in Germany and Britain. A Question of Micro-Rigidities or Macro-Obstruction? - D. Hum / W. Simpson / N. Cameron, Reducing Unemployment in an Era of Low Inflationary Expectations to Regain High Employment - A. F. Ott, Effects of a Change in Policy Rules on the Growth of the Economy. Temporary versus Permanent Effects - L. Groot / R. Schettkat, Does Structure jMatter? The Macroeconomics of Unbalanced Growth - E. Nowotny, The Role of Macroeconomic Policy in Overcoming Slow Economic Growth. International Comparisons and Policy Perspectives - C.-L. Holtfrerich, Economic Policy Targeting, Policy Mix and (Un-)Employment - H.-P. Spahn, Central Bankers, Games and Markets. A Critical Assessment of the Microeconomic Optimization Approach in the Theory of Macroeconomic Stabilization - H.-J. Krupp / K. Cabos, The Impact of Monetary Policy on Employment - G. A. Horn, Zur Koordination von Geld- und Lohnpolitik. Eine empirische Analyse für die USA und Deutschland

Employment without Inflation

Download Employment without Inflation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351292358
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Employment without Inflation by : Benjamin Higgins

Download or read book Employment without Inflation written by Benjamin Higgins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world economy has undergone a fundamental transformation in recent decades and theoretical structures inherited from the 1930s through the 1950s, while retaining large elements of truth, are inadequate to deal with current problems. Benjamin Higgins feels that for a society such as the United States a fiscal policy needs to be adopted that can deal simultaneously with existing unemployment and inflation. He suggests three possible governmental policies: stimulating a high rate of long-run growth, by use of reward innovations and by maintaining the highest possible level of scientific and technical activity; isolating regions that are generators of inflation and others that are pools for unemployment; and establishing a system of direct controls similar to those used in wartime. Higgins describes the transformation of the cogent prewar business cycle, with its alternations of inflation or unemployment, then a transitional period of underemployment equilibrium and secular stagnation, and finally, the strange new world of today, one with economic fluctuations in the form of shifting trade-off curves and loops. He then applies his new paradigm to current problems, showing why they cannot be managed through macroeconomic monetary and fiscal policy. Higgins offers case studies of efforts to fight inflation and unemployment, and to reduce regional gaps, to show their strengths and weaknesses. It can be said that unemployment always results from too many people chasing too few jobs, and inflation is always caused by too much money chasing too few goods and services. Beyond such banal generalizations, Higgins maintains there is no single cause for either unemployment or inflation, and thus no single cure can be prescribed for either, let alone for both at once. Nor is it to be expected that the appropriate cure will prove to be the same in all countries at all times. He suggests that an optimal blend of monetary and fiscal policy that will produce the "minimum discomfort" is a good start. Employment Without Inflation will be of direct policy interest to economists, sociologists, and national planners.

Unemployment in Ireland

Download Unemployment in Ireland PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 145196045X
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Unemployment in Ireland by : Julio A. Santaella

Download or read book Unemployment in Ireland written by Julio A. Santaella and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the problem of unemployment in Ireland. A brief description of the main distinctive features of the structure of Irish unemployment is presented. Based on up to date literature, the possible causes behind unemployment are reviewed. Empirical studies that have quantified the contributions of different determinants to the increase in Irish unemployment are also surveyed. The paper concludes with some policy suggestions.

The Unemployment/Vacancy Curve

Download The Unemployment/Vacancy Curve PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642503047
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Unemployment/Vacancy Curve by : Josef Christl

Download or read book The Unemployment/Vacancy Curve written by Josef Christl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rising unemployment has become one of the most challenging problems for economic policy in many developed economies over the last fifteen years. In the second half of the 1970s and during the first half of the 1980s the labour market situation worsened dramatically. For the OECD area as a whole, unemployment as a percentage of the civilian labour force went up from 3.3 percent in 1974 to 8.1 percent in 1985. The increase in unemployment rates was even more pronounced for OECD-Europe, where it climbed from 3.3 percent to 10.5 percent in this period. Table 1.1: Unemployment Rates in some aECD Countries, 1974-1989 yearly average 1989 1974{79 1974 1979 1985 1980/85 1985/89 USA 5,6 5,8 7,2 5,2 6,8 8,1 6,2 UK 2,2 4,5 11,6 6,5 4,2 10,0 9,7 3,3 8,3 7,3 3,5 6,6 7,9 FRG 2,1 2,4 1,3 1,5 2,4 2,2 Sweden 1,6 1,7 Austria 1,1 1,7 3,6 3,4 1,5 3,0 3,5 Austria*) 1,5 2,0 4,8 5,0 1,9 3,6 5,3 OECDEurope 3,3 5,7 10,5 9,0 4,8 9,1 10,0 OECD 3,7 5,2 8,1 6,6 5,0 7,7 7,5 *) national definition - see footnote 1). Source: OECD, 1989; BMSA.

Full Employment Abandoned

Download Full Employment Abandoned PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1848441428
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (484 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Full Employment Abandoned by : William Mitchell

Download or read book Full Employment Abandoned written by William Mitchell and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2008-01-01 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book by William Mitchell and Joan Muysken is both important and timely. It deals with the issue of the abandonment of full employment as an objective of economic policy in the OECD countries. It argues persuasively that macroeconomic policy has been restrictive over the recent, and not so recent past, and has produced substantial open and disguised unemployment. But the authors show how a job guarantee policy can enable workers, who would otherwise be unemployed, to earn a wage and not depend on welfare support. If such a policy is fully supported by appropriate fiscal and monetary programmes, it can create full employment with price stability, which the authors label as a Non-Accelerating-Inflation-Buffer Employment Ratio (NAIBER). This book is essential reading for any one wishing to understand how we can return to full employment as the normal state of affairs. Philip Arestis, University of Cambridge, UK This book dismantles the arguments used by policy makers to justify the abandonment of full employment as a valid goal of national governments. Bill Mitchell and Joan Muysken trace the theoretical analysis of the nature and causes of unemployment over the last 150 years and argue that the shift from involuntary to natural rate conceptions of unemployment since the 1960s has driven an ideological backlash against Keynesian policy interventions. The authors contend that neo-liberal governments now consider unemployment to be an individual problem rather than a reflection of systemic policy failure and that they are content to use unemployment as a policy instrument to control inflation and coerce the unemployed with work tests and compliance programmes rather than provide sufficient employment. They present a comprehensive theoretical and empirical critique of this policy approach, with a refreshing new framework for understanding modern monetary economies. The authors show that the reinstatement of full employment with price stability is a viable policy goal that can be achieved by activist fiscal policy through the introduction of a Job Guarantee. Full Employment Abandoned will appeal to graduate and postgraduate students and researchers of economics and politics with an interest in macroeconomic policy and the labour market, particularly unemployment and neo-liberal policy frameworks.

Inflation and Activity – Two Explorations and their Monetary Policy Implications

Download Inflation and Activity – Two Explorations and their Monetary Policy Implications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513555839
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Inflation and Activity – Two Explorations and their Monetary Policy Implications by : Mr.Olivier J. Blanchard

Download or read book Inflation and Activity – Two Explorations and their Monetary Policy Implications written by Mr.Olivier J. Blanchard and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We explore two issues triggered by the crisis. First, in most advanced countries, output remains far below the pre-recession trend, suggesting hysteresis. Second, while inflation has decreased, it has decreased less than anticipated, suggesting a breakdown of the relation between inflation and activity. To examine the first, we look at 122 recessions over the past 50 years in 23 countries. We find that a high proportion of them have been followed by lower output or even lower growth. To examine the second, we estimate a Phillips curve relation over the past 50 years for 20 countries. We find that the effect of unemployment on inflation, for given expected inflation, decreased until the early 1990s, but has remained roughly stable since then. We draw implications of our findings for monetary policy.

Unemployment in Latin America and the Caribbean

Download Unemployment in Latin America and the Caribbean PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1463923341
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (639 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Unemployment in Latin America and the Caribbean by : Laurence M. Ball

Download or read book Unemployment in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Laurence M. Ball and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-11-01 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: JEL Cl This study constructs a new data set on unemployment rates in Latin America and the Caribbean and then explores the determinants of unemployment. We compare different countries, finding that unemployment is influenced by the size of the rural population and that the effects of government regulations are generally weak. We also examine large, persistent increases in unemployment over time, finding that they are caused by contractions in aggregate demand. These demand contractions result from either disinflationary monetary policy or the defense of an exchange - rate peg in the face of capital flight. Our evidence supports hysteresis theories in which short - run changes in unemployment influence the natural rate.

A European Unemployment Benefit Scheme

Download A European Unemployment Benefit Scheme PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung
ISBN 13 : 3867936005
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (679 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A European Unemployment Benefit Scheme by : Bertelsmann Stiftung

Download or read book A European Unemployment Benefit Scheme written by Bertelsmann Stiftung and published by Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung. This book was released on 2014-03-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent euro crisis and the dramatic increase of unemployment in some euro countries have triggered a renewed interest in a fiscal capacity for the European Union to stabilize the economy of its member states. One of the proposed instruments is a common European unemployment insurance. In this book Sebastian Dullien from the HTW Berlin provides and evaluates a blueprint for such a scheme. Building on lessons from the unemployment insurance in the United States of America, he outlines how a European unemployment benefit scheme could be constructed to provide significant stabilization to national business cycles, yet without strongly extending social protection in Europe. Macroeconomic stabilization effects and payment flows between countries are simulated and options, potential pitfalls and existing concerns discussed.

Principles of Economics

Download Principles of Economics PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781562263195
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (631 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Principles of Economics by : Vincent Byrne

Download or read book Principles of Economics written by Vincent Byrne and published by . This book was released on 1996-08 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

NBER Reporter

Download NBER Reporter PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis NBER Reporter by : National Bureau of Economic Research

Download or read book NBER Reporter written by National Bureau of Economic Research and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Testing for Nonlinear Dynamics in Historical Unemployment Series

Download Testing for Nonlinear Dynamics in Historical Unemployment Series PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Testing for Nonlinear Dynamics in Historical Unemployment Series by : George Alogoskoufis

Download or read book Testing for Nonlinear Dynamics in Historical Unemployment Series written by George Alogoskoufis and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Annual Editions

Download Annual Editions PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Companies
ISBN 13 : 9780879679446
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (794 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Annual Editions by : Don Cole

Download or read book Annual Editions written by Don Cole and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1990-10 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Unemployment, Hysteresis, and the Natural Rate Hypothesis

Download Unemployment, Hysteresis, and the Natural Rate Hypothesis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631156888
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (568 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Unemployment, Hysteresis, and the Natural Rate Hypothesis by : Rod Cross

Download or read book Unemployment, Hysteresis, and the Natural Rate Hypothesis written by Rod Cross and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1988 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: