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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Arne Hessenbruch
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134263015
Total Pages : 986 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)
Download or read book Reader's Guide to the History of Science written by Arne Hessenbruch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Reader's Guide to the History of Science looks at the literature of science in some 550 entries on individuals (Einstein), institutions and disciplines (Mathematics), general themes (Romantic Science) and central concepts (Paradigm and Fact). The history of science is construed widely to include the history of medicine and technology as is reflected in the range of disciplines from which the international team of 200 contributors are drawn.
Author : P. Forman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402002502
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (25 download)
Download or read book National Military Establishments and the Advancement of Science and Technology written by P. Forman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-11-30 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To some philosophers, seeking to understand the human condition, technology is a necessary guide. But to think through the complex human phenomenon of technology we must tackle philosophy of science, philosophy of culture, moral issues, comparative civilizational studies, and the economics of specific industrial and military technologies in their historical contexts. The philoso pher wants to grasp the technological factor in this troubled world, even as we see it is only one factor, and that it does not speak openly for itself. Put directly, our human troubles to a considerable extent have been transformed, exaggerated, distorted, even degraded, perhaps transcended, by what engi neers and scientists, entrepreneurs and politicians, have wrought. But our problems are ancient, problems of dominations, struggles, survival, values in conflict, greed and insane sadisms. To get some conceptual light on the social reality which seems immediately to be so complicated, a philosopher will need to learn from the historians of technology. A few years ago, the philosopher Elisabeth Straker concluded that "a his torical philosophy of technology [is required] since history - and history alone - provides all those concepts that form part of the repertoire of the philosoph ical analysis of technology". And she added that this goes far beyond the triviality that like other cultural achievements technology has its historical development. Now historical comprehension is no substitute for a logical methodology in the analysis of technological problems.
Author : Lillian Hoddeson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521541176
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (411 download)
Download or read book Critical Assembly written by Lillian Hoddeson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-12 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1993 book explores how the 'critical assembly' of scientists at Los Alamos created the first atomic bombs.
Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1024 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Author : Alexander Wilson
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0228015901
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (28 download)
Download or read book The Peoples’ War? written by Alexander Wilson and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2022-11-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some 60 million people died during the Second World War; millions more were displaced in Europe, Africa, and Asia. The war resulted in the creation of new states, the acceleration of imperial decline, and a shift in the distribution of global power. Despite its unprecedented impact, a comprehensive account of the complex international experiences of this war remains elusive. The Peoples’ War? offers fresh approaches to the challenge of writing a new history of the Second World War. Exploring aspects of the war that have been marginalized in military and political studies, the volume foregrounds less familiar narratives, subjects, and places. Chapters recover the wartime experiences of individuals – including women, children, members of minority ethnic groups, and colonial subjects – whose stories do not fit easily into conventional national war narratives. The contributors show how terms used to delineate the conflict such as home front and battle front, occupier and occupied, captor and prisoner, and friend and foe became increasingly blurred as the war wore on. Above all, the volume encourages reflection on whether this conflict really was a “Peoples’ War.” Challenging the homogenizing narratives of the war as a nationally unifying experience, The Peoples’ War? seeks to enrich our understanding of the Second World War as a global event.
Author : Toshihiro Higuchi
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 1503612902
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Political Fallout written by Toshihiro Higuchi and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political Fallout is the story of one of the first human-driven, truly global environmental crises—radioactive fallout from nuclear weapons testing during the Cold War—and the international response. Beginning in 1945, the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union detonated hundreds of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, scattering a massive amount of radioactivity across the globe. The scale of contamination was so vast, and radioactive decay so slow, that the cumulative effect on humans and the environment is still difficult to fully comprehend. The international debate over nuclear fallout turned global radioactive contamination into an environmental issue, eventually leading the nuclear superpowers to sign the landmark Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) in 1963. Bringing together environmental history and Cold War history, Toshihiro Higuchi argues that the PTBT, originally proposed as an arms control measure, transformed into a dual-purpose initiative to check the nuclear arms race and radioactive pollution simultaneously. Higuchi draws on sources in English, Russian, and Japanese, considering both the epistemic differences that emerged in different scientific communities in the 1950s and the way that public consciousness around the risks of radioactive fallout influenced policy in turn. Political Fallout addresses the implications of science and policymaking in the Anthropocene—an era in which humans are confronting environmental changes of their own making.
Author : Philip Mirowski
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226538563
Total Pages : 590 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (385 download)
Download or read book Science Bought and Sold written by Philip Mirowski and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2002-01-03 with total page 590 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From essays examining economic welfare to the idea of scientists as agents to the digital aspects of higher education, presents a comprehensive overview of the new directions of this expanding area.
Author : Neil De Marchi
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822314103
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (141 download)
Download or read book Non-natural Social Science written by Neil De Marchi and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1989, Philip Mirowski's More Heat Than Light: Economics as Social Physics, Physic's as Nature's Economics offered a challenge to historians of economics that could not be ignored. Neo-classical economics, he said, adopted certain analytical tools of mid-nineteenth-century physics, simply substituting "utility" for "energy," and in so doing, chose a natural-world model which denied that economic knowledge might be essentially social and cultural. The essays in this collection represent the first collective effort to respond to Mirowski's challenge by examining and assessing the Mirowski enterprise. In addition to questioning the veracity of the connection between physics and economics, the contributors consider the far-reaching implications of Mirowski's thesis for the history of economics. Mirowski shows that economic texts must be viewed in their relation to texts outside the field of economics and offers an alternative reading of economic texts as social and cultural inscriptions. As historians of economics respond to Mirowski's challenge, the style and direction of their work will be changed. Utlimately, a careful assessment of More Heat Than Light may introduce historians of economics to recognize that the "discipline" of economics may not be the most appropriate category from which to proceed. Contributors. Jack Birner, Marcel Boumans, A. W. Coats, Avi J. Cohen, I. Bernard Cohen, Neil de Marchi, Steve Fuller, Clifford G. Gaddy, Wade Hands, Albert Jolink, Arjo Klamer, Robert Leonard, Philip Mirowski, Theodore M. Porter, Margaret Schabas, E. Roy Weintraub
Author : Jed Z. Buchwald
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 019151019X
Total Pages : 956 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics written by Jed Z. Buchwald and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 956 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of the History of Physics brings together cutting-edge writing by more than twenty leading authorities on the history of physics from the seventeenth century to the present day. By presenting a wide diversity of studies in a single volume, it provides authoritative introductions to scholarly contributions that have tended to be dispersed in journals and books not easily accessible to the general reader. While the core thread remains the theories and experimental practices of physics, the Handbook contains chapters on other dimensions that have their place in any rounded history. These include the role of lecturing and textbooks in the communication of knowledge, the contribution of instrument-makers and instrument-making companies in providing for the needs of both research and lecture demonstrations, and the growing importance of the many interfaces between academic physics, industry, and the military.
Author : John Krige
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262263416
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe written by John Krige and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-08-29 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1945, the United States was not only the strongest economic and military power in the world; it was also the world's leader in science and technology. In American Hegemony and the Postwar Reconstruction of Science in Europe, John Krige describes the efforts of influential figures in the United States to model postwar scientific practices and institutions in Western Europe on those in America. They mobilized political and financial support to promote not just America's scientific and technological agendas in Western Europe but its Cold War political and ideological agendas as well. Drawing on the work of diplomatic and cultural historians, Krige argues that this attempt at scientific dominance by the United States can be seen as a form of "consensual hegemony," involving the collaboration of influential local elites who shared American values. He uses this notion to analyze a series of case studies that describe how the U.S. administration, senior officers in the Rockefeller and Ford Foundations, the NATO Science Committee, and influential members of the scientific establishment—notably Isidor I. Rabi of Columbia University and Vannevar Bush of MIT—tried to Americanize scientific practices in such fields as physics, molecular biology, and operations research. He details U.S. support for institutions including CERN, the Niels Bohr Institute, the French CNRS and its laboratories at Gif near Paris, and the never-established "European MIT." Krige's study shows how consensual hegemony in science not only served the interests of postwar European reconstruction but became another way of maintaining American leadership and "making the world safe for democracy."
Author : John Krige
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136483322
Total Pages : 979 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)
Download or read book Companion Encyclopedia of Science in the Twentieth Century written by John Krige and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 979 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With over forty chapters, written by leading scholars, this comprehensive volume represents the best work in America, Europe and Asia. Geographical diversity of the authors is reflected in the different perspectives devoted to the subject, and all major disciplinary developments are covered. There are also sections concerning the countries that have made the most significant contributions, the relationship between science and industry, the importance of instrumentation, and the cultural influence of scientific modes of thought. Students and professionals will come to appreciate how, and why, science has developed - as with any other human activity, it is subject to the dynamics of society and politics.
Author : Robert E. Kohler
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226450635
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (264 download)
Download or read book Lords of the Fly written by Robert E. Kohler and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1994-05-02 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "One of the most productive of all laboratory animals, Drosophila has been a key tool in genetics research for nearly a century. At the center of Drosophila culture from 1910 to 1940 was the school of Thomas Hunt Morgan and his students Alfred Sturtevant and Calvin Bridges, who, by inbreeding fruit flies, created a model laboratory creature - the 'standard' fly. By examining the material culture and working customs of Morgan's research group, [the author] brings to light essential features of the practice of experimental science. [This book] takes a broad view of experimental work, ranging from how the fly was introducted into the laboratory and how it was physically redesigned for use in genetic mapping, to how the 'Drosophilists' organized an international network for exchanging fly stocks that spread their practices around the world"--Back cover.
Author : Joseph D. Martin
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822986299
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)
Download or read book Solid State Insurrection written by Joseph D. Martin and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid state physics, the study of the physical properties of solid matter, was the most populous subfield of Cold War American physics. Despite prolific contributions to consumer and medical technology, such as the transistor and magnetic resonance imaging, it garnered less professional prestige and public attention than nuclear and particle physics. Solid State Insurrection argues that solid state physics was essential to securing the vast social, political, and financial capital Cold War physics enjoyed in the twentieth century. Solid state’s technological bent, and its challenge to the “pure science” ideal many physicists cherished, helped physics as a whole respond more readily to Cold War social, political, and economic pressures. Its research kept physics economically and technologically relevant, sustaining its cultural standing and policy influence long after the sheen of the Manhattan Project had faded. With this book, Joseph D. Martin brings a new perspective to some of the most enduring questions about the role of physics in American history.
Author : Michael Egan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262262657
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)
Download or read book Barry Commoner and the Science of Survival written by Michael Egan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2009-01-23 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronicles the activist career of Barry Commoner, one of the most influential American environmental thinkers, and his role in recasting the environmental movement after World War II. For over half a century, the biologist Barry Commoner has been one of the most prominent and charismatic defenders of the American environment, appearing on the cover of Time magazine in 1970 as the standard-bearer of "the emerging science of survival." In Barry Commoner and the Science of Survival, Michael Egan examines Commoner's social and scientific activism and charts an important shift in American environmental values since World War II.Throughout his career, Commoner believed that scientists had a social responsibility, and that one of their most important obligations was to provide citizens with accessible scientific information so they could be included in public debates that concerned them. Egan shows how Commoner moved naturally from calling attention to the hazards of nuclear fallout to raising public awareness of the environmental dangers posed by the petrochemical industry. He argues that Commoner's belief in the importance of dissent, the dissemination of scientific information, and the need for citizen empowerment were critical planks in the remaking of American environmentalism. Commoner's activist career can be defined as an attempt to weave together a larger vision of social justice. Since the 1960s, he has called attention to parallels between the environmental, civil rights, labor, and peace movements, and connected environmental decline with poverty, injustice, exploitation, and war, arguing that the root cause of environmental problems was the American economic system and its manifestations. He was instrumental in pointing out that there was a direct association between socioeconomic standing and exposure to environmental pollutants and that economics, not social responsibility, was guiding technological decision making. Egan argues that careful study of Commoner's career could help reinvigorate the contemporary environmental movement at a point when the environmental stakes have never been so high.
Author : Patrick J. McGrath
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
ISBN 13 : 0807875287
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Scientists, Business, and the State, 1890-1960 written by Patrick J. McGrath and published by Univ of North Carolina Press. This book was released on 2003-01-14 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the late nineteenth century, scientists began allying themselves with America's corporate, political, and military elites. They did so not just to improve their professional standing and win more money for research, says Patrick McGrath, but for political reasons as well. They wanted to use their new institutional connections to effect a transformation of American political culture. They succeeded, but not in ways that all scientists envisioned or agreed upon. McGrath describes how, between 1890 and 1960, scientific, business, and political leaders together forged a new definition of American democracy in which science and technology were presented to the public as crucial ingredients of the nation's progress, prosperity, and political stability. But as scientists became more prominent, they provoked conflicts among themselves as well as with their institutional patrons over exactly how their expertise should be used. McGrath examines the bitter battles that erupted over the role scientists should play during the Great Depression, World War II, the Cold War arms race, and the security and loyalty investigations of the 1950s. He finds that, by the end of the 1950s, scientists were regarded by the political and military elite not as partners but as subordinate technicians who were expected to supply weapons on demand for the Cold War state. Originally published 2001. A UNC Press Enduring Edition -- UNC Press Enduring Editions use the latest in digital technology to make available again books from our distinguished backlist that were previously out of print. These editions are published unaltered from the original, and are presented in affordable paperback formats, bringing readers both historical and cultural value.
Author : Jerald Podair
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317485653
Total Pages : 624 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book The Routledge History of Twentieth-Century United States written by Jerald Podair and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-02 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge History of the Twentieth-Century United States is a comprehensive introduction to the most important trends and developments in the study of modern United States history. Driven by interdisciplinary scholarship, the thirty-four original chapters underscore the vast range of identities, perspectives and tensions that contributed to the growth and contested meanings of the United States in the twentieth century. The chronological and topical breadth of the collection highlights critical political and economic developments of the century while also drawing attention to relatively recent areas of research, including borderlands, technology and disability studies. Dynamic and flexible in its possible applications, The Routledge History of the Twentieth-Century United States offers an exciting new resource for the study of modern American history.
