Historical Dictionary Of The Berbers Imazighen

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Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen)

Author : Hsain Ilahiane
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442281820
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen) by : Hsain Ilahiane

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Berbers (Imazighen) written by Hsain Ilahiane and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Berbers, also known as Imazighen, are the ancient inhabitants of North Africa, but rarely have they formed an actual kingdom or separate nation state. Ranging anywhere between 15-50 million, depending on how they are classified, the Berbers have influenced the culture and religion of Roman North Africa and played key roles in the spread of Islam and its culture in North Africa, Spain, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Taken together, these dynamics have over time converted to redefine the field of Berber identity and its socio-political representations and symbols, making it an even more important issue in the 21st century. This second edition of Historical Dictionary of the Berbers contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 200 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, places, events, institutions, and aspects of culture, society, economy, and politics. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Berbers.

The A to Z of the Berbers (Imazighen)

Author : Hsain Ilahiane
Publisher : A to Z Guide Series
ISBN 13 : 9780810868465
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis The A to Z of the Berbers (Imazighen) by : Hsain Ilahiane

Download or read book The A to Z of the Berbers (Imazighen) written by Hsain Ilahiane and published by A to Z Guide Series. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Berbers are the ancient inhabitants of North Africa, but rarely have they formed an actual kingdom or separate nation state. Ranging anywhere between 15-50 million, depending on how they are classified, the Berbers have influenced the culture and religion of Roman North Africa and played key roles in the spread of Islam and its culture in North Africa, Spain, and Sub-Saharan Africa. Taken together, these dynamics have over time converted to redefine the field of Berber identity and its socio-political representations and symbols, making it an even more important issue in the new century. Through the use of maps, a list of acronyms, a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, appendixes, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on significant persons, places, events, institutions, and aspects of culture, society, economy and politics-past and present-The A to Z of the Berbers (Imazighen) provides necessary information on this under-studied group of people.

Historical Dictionary of Morocco

Author : Thomas K. Park
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 0810865114
Total Pages : 742 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Morocco by : Thomas K. Park

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Morocco written by Thomas K. Park and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive introduction, which focuses on Morocco's history, provides a helpful synopsis of the kingdom, and is supplemented with a useful chronology of major events. Hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on former rulers, current leaders, ancient capitals, significant locations, influential institutions, and crucial aspects of the economy, society, culture and religion form the core of the book. A bibliography of sources is included to promote further more specialized study.

North Africa

Author : Phillip C. Naylor
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292778783
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis North Africa by : Phillip C. Naylor

Download or read book North Africa written by Phillip C. Naylor and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2009-12-03 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Africa has been a vital crossroads throughout history, serving as a connection between Africa, Asia, and Europe. Paradoxically, however, the region's historical significance has been chronically underestimated. In a book that may lead scholars to reimagine the concept of Western civilization, incorporating the role North African peoples played in shaping "the West," Phillip Naylor describes a locale whose transcultural heritage serves as a crucial hinge, politically, economically, and socially. Ideal for novices and specialists alike, North Africa begins with an acknowledgment that defining this area has presented challenges throughout history. Naylor's survey encompasses the Paleolithic period and early Egyptian cultures, leading readers through the pharonic dynasties, the conflicts with Rome and Carthage, the rise of Islam, the growth of the Ottoman Empire, European incursions, and the postcolonial prospects for Egypt, Libya, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, and Western Sahara. Emphasizing the importance of encounters and interactions among civilizations, North Africa maps a prominent future for scholarship about this pivotal region.

Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia

Author : Gwendolyn Leick
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 0810863243
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia by : Gwendolyn Leick

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia written by Gwendolyn Leick and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2009-11-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Greek name Mesopotamia means 'land between the rivers.' The Romans used this term for an area that they controlled only briefly (between 115 and 117 A.D.): the land between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, from the south Anatolian mountains ranges to the Persian Gulf. It comprises the civilizations of Sumer and Akkad (third millennium B.C.) as well as the later Babylonian and Assyrian empires of the second and first millennium. Although the 'history' of Mesopotamia in the strict sense of the term only begins with the inscriptions of Sumerian rulers around the 27th century B.C., the foundations for Mesopotamian civilization, especially the beginnings of irrigation and the emergence of large permanent settlements, were laid much earlier, in the fifth and fourth millennium. The second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia defines concepts, customs, and notions peculiar to the civilization of ancient Mesopotamia, from adult adoption to ziggurats. This is accomplished through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, appendixes, and hundreds of cross-reference dictionary entries on religion, economy, society, geography, and important kings and rulers.

Historical Dictionary of the Ismailis

Author : Farhad Daftary
Publisher : Scarecrow Press
ISBN 13 : 081086164X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Ismailis by : Farhad Daftary

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Ismailis written by Farhad Daftary and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ismaili Muslims, who belong to the Shia branch of Islam, live in over 25 different countries around the world, mainly in Asia, Africa and the Middle East. Their history has typically been linked to the history of the various countries in which they live, but the worldwide community is united under Prince Karim Aga Khan, the spiritual leader and 49th Imam of the Ismaili Muslims. Few fields of Islamic studies have witnessed as drastic a change as Ismaili studies, due in part to the recent discovery of numerous historical texts, and author Farhad Daftary makes extensive use of these new sources in the Historical Dictionary of the Ismailis. This comprehensive new reference work is the first of its kind on the Ismailis and presents a summary of the findings of modern scholarship on the Ismaili Shia Muslims and different facets of their heritage. The dictionary covers all phases of Ismaili history as well as the main doctrines of the community. It includes an introductory chapter, which provides a broad historical survey of the Ismailis, followed by alphabetical entries on all major aspects of the community, such as key figures, institutions, traditions, and doctrines. It also contains a chronology, genealogical tables, a glossary, and a substantial bibliography. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Ismailis.

Historical Dictionary of the Bedouins

Author : Muhammad Suwaed
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442254513
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Bedouins by : Muhammad Suwaed

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Bedouins written by Muhammad Suwaed and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term ‘Bedouins’ was given to nomads who came from or lived in the desert, and consisted of a sedentary population (from the badia – desert). However, in time, it came to define their social economic essence as: people who raised grazing animals and were compelled to conduct a nomadic life, to live in tents that could be dismantled, carried, and re-erected easily, and to move with their livelihood and living accommodation, according to the environmental conditions — those which provided water and grass. Not all Bedouin tribes are of Arabic origin, as all Muslim nomadic groups in the area adopted the term "Bedouins." There are Bedouin tribes of Turkmen, Kurdish Baluch, and Berberic origin and there are "Arabized" African people and hybrid people, who are categorized as Bedouins. The Historical Dictionary of the Bedouins contains a chronology, an introduction, an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 300 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Bedouins.

Historical Dictionary of Yemen

Author : Charles Schmitz
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538102331
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of Yemen by : Charles Schmitz

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Yemen written by Charles Schmitz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yemen has experienced wrenching changes that have transformed the country in yet unknown ways. The country exploded in a popular revolution against the long-time rule of Ali Abdallah Saleh. While the country appeared to slip toward civil war, Yemeni political elite rallied with international backers to put together a transitional government with a plan to revise the country’s constitution. The transitional government began with a cautious sense of optimism and the prospect of substantial change for the better, but ended in collapse because of a failure to govern. The politics of the street overran an ineffective transitional government that could not address the urgent concerns of Yemeni citizens for security and jobs. Instead, populist leaders exploited people’s dissatisfactions and threw the country into civil war. The Houthi organization covertly allied with its former enemy, Ali Abdallah Saleh, to overthrow the transitional government and declare war on the rest of the country. Saleh seems unable to conceive of life outside of the Presidential Palace and his Houthi allies appear to believe they are destined to rule. Unfortunately, those opposed to Saleh and the Houthi also seem unable to provide effective rule in spite of massive backing from the Gulf States. The incompetence, infighting, and incoherence of the Hadi government bode equally ill for the future of the country. The one hope may be that a new generation of Yemeni leaders emerges to displace the dismal failures of this one. This third edition of Historical Dictionary of Yemen contains a chronology, an introduction, appendixes, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 1000 cross-referenced entries on important personalities, politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about Yemen.

The Berber Identity Movement and the Challenge to North African States

Author : Bruce Maddy-Weitzman
Publisher : University of Texas Press
ISBN 13 : 0292745052
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (927 download)

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Book Synopsis The Berber Identity Movement and the Challenge to North African States by : Bruce Maddy-Weitzman

Download or read book The Berber Identity Movement and the Challenge to North African States written by Bruce Maddy-Weitzman and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Like many indigenous groups that have endured centuries of subordination, the Berber/Amazigh peoples of North Africa are demanding linguistic and cultural recognition and the redressing of injustices. Indeed, the movement seeks nothing less than a refashioning of the identity of North African states, a rewriting of their history, and a fundamental change in the basis of collective life. In so doing, it poses a challenge to the existing political and sociocultural orders in Morocco and Algeria, while serving as an important counterpoint to the oppositionist Islamist current. This is the first book-length study to analyze the rise of the modern ethnocultural Berber/Amazigh movement in North Africa and the Berber diaspora. Bruce Maddy-Weitzman begins by tracing North African history from the perspective of its indigenous Berber inhabitants and their interactions with more powerful societies, from Hellenic and Roman times, through a millennium of Islam, to the era of Western colonialism. He then concentrates on the marginalization and eventual reemergence of the Berber question in independent Algeria and Morocco, against a background of the growing crisis of regime legitimacy in each country. His investigation illuminates many issues, including the fashioning of official national narratives and policies aimed at subordinating Berbers in an Arab nationalist and Islamic-centered universe; the emergence of a counter-movement promoting an expansive Berber "imagining" that emphasizes the rights of minority groups and indigenous peoples; and the international aspects of modern Berberism.

Inventing the Berbers

Author : Ramzi Rouighi
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 081225130X
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Inventing the Berbers by : Ramzi Rouighi

Download or read book Inventing the Berbers written by Ramzi Rouighi and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Before the Arabs conquered northwest Africa in the seventh century, Ramzi Rouighi asserts, there were no Berbers. There were Moors (Mauri), Mauretanians, Africans, and many tribes and tribal federations such as the Leuathae or Musulami; and before the Arabs, no one thought that these groups shared a common ancestry, culture, or language. Certainly, there were groups considered barbarians by the Romans, but "Barbarian," or its cognate, "Berber" was not an ethnonym, nor was it exclusive to North Africa. Yet today, it is common to see studies of the Christianization or Romanization of the Berbers, or of their resistance to foreign conquerors like the Carthaginians, Vandals, or Arabs. Archaeologists and linguists routinely describe proto-Berber groups and languages in even more ancient times, while biologists look for Berber DNA markers that go back thousands of years. Taking the pervasiveness of such anachronisms as a point of departure, Inventing the Berbers examines the emergence of the Berbers as a distinct category in early Arabic texts and probes the ways in which later Arabic sources, shaped by contemporary events, imagined the Berbers as a people and the Maghrib as their home. Key both to Rouighi's understanding of the medieval phenomenon of the "berberization" of North Africa and its reverberations in the modern world is the Kitāb al-'ibar of Ibn Khaldūn (d. 1406), the third book of which purports to provide the history of the Berbers and the dynasties that ruled in the Maghrib. As translated into French in 1858, Rouighi argues, the book served to establish a racialized conception of Berber indigenousness for the French colonial powers who erected a fundamental opposition between the two groups thought to constitute the native populations of North Africa, Arabs and Berbers. Inventing the Berbers thus demonstrates the ways in which the nineteenth-century interpretation of a medieval text has not only served as the basis for modern historical scholarship but also has had an effect on colonial and postcolonial policies and communal identities throughout Europe and North Africa.

Historical Dictionary of the Arab Uprisings

Author : Aomar Boum
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538120003
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Arab Uprisings by : Aomar Boum

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Arab Uprisings written by Aomar Boum and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arab uprisings that swept the Middle East and North Africa in the period from 2011- 2012 left an indelible mark on the socio-political landscape of the region. But that mark was not consistent across the region: while some countries underwent dramatic popular social and political changes, others teetered on the brink, or were left with the status quo intact. Street revolutions toppled despotic regimes in Tunisia, Libya, and momentarily in Egypt, while mounting serious challenges to authoritarian regimes in Syria and Yemen. Algeria’s entrenched bureaucratic-cum-military authoritarian system proved resilient until the recent events of early 2019 which forced the resignation of President Abdelaziz Bouteflika before the end of his term on 28 April 2019. As in Algeria, protestors in Sudan succeeded, after months of demonstrations, in overthrowing the government of Omar al-Bashir. Several Arab monarchies still appear stable and have managed to weather the tempest of the Arab revolutions, albeit not without fissures showing in the edifice of their states, accompanied by some minor constitutional changes. Where Tunisians, Egyptians, Yemenis, Syrians, and Libyans demanded regime changes in their political systems, protesters in the Arab monarchies have called on the kings and emirs to reform their political system from the top down, indicating the sizeable monarchical advantage. Historical Dictionary of the Arab Uprisings contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has over 500 cross-referenced entries on the terms, persons and events that shaped the Arab Spring uprisings. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Arab Uprisings.

Historical Dictionary of the Syrian Uprising and Civil War

Author : Asaad Alsaleh
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 153812078X
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Historical Dictionary of the Syrian Uprising and Civil War by : Asaad Alsaleh

Download or read book Historical Dictionary of the Syrian Uprising and Civil War written by Asaad Alsaleh and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-05-21 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical Dictionary of the Syrian Uprising and Civil War introduces readers to the events and main players that shaped the conflict in Syria since 15 March 2011, as the country entered a new era in its modern history. The “Syrian Revolution,” was part of the Arab Spring that was launched in Tunisia, Egypt, and other countries in the Middle East in late 2010. The Syrian situation turned into a winter, which merits such an all-encompassing book that reveals the complex dynamics of the Syrian civil war. Many of the key players, places, and unfolding events were making headlines for a short period before vanishing from memory, but this book records their emergence and influence. The book traces the political opposition, initially in the form of street-level unrest, targeting the rule of the al-Asad family that ruled for over five decades. The book provides a picture of the fighting groups and their varying agendas, including the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and other extremist groups. It depicts a picture of a country whose civil war caused one of the biggest crises in the 21st century. It contains a chronology, an introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section has more than 200 cross-referenced entries on the major events, places, and actors in the Syrian war. This book is an excellent resource for students, researchers, and anyone wanting to know more about the Syrian uprising.

The Berbers

Author : Michael Brett
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631207672
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis The Berbers by : Michael Brett

Download or read book The Berbers written by Michael Brett and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1997-12-08 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Berbers provides a comprehensive overview of the history of the Berber-speaking peoples.

The Art of Avaz and Mohammad Reza Shajarian

Author : Rob Simms
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739172123
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis The Art of Avaz and Mohammad Reza Shajarian by : Rob Simms

Download or read book The Art of Avaz and Mohammad Reza Shajarian written by Rob Simms and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2012-01-20 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Art of Avaz and Mohammad Reza Shajarian: Foundations and Contexts, by Rob Simms and Amir Koushkani, examines the traditional art of singing classical Persian poetry, as represented by its greatest living exponent. This in-depth study surveys the social and historical context of the twentieth-century tradition of avaz while placing Shajarian’s early career within this complex culture, from being a child prodigy of Qur’an recitation in Mashhad to his rise to national prominence in the 1970s. As a globetrotting celebrity who is renowned for singing medieval poetry with impeccable technique and radiant inspiration, Shajarian’s life and work provide a compelling case study for larger issues of reconciling tradition and modernity, and the crucial role of the individual in maintaining and renovating traditional art forms. Avaz is discussed in the broader context of Iranian narrative performance traditions, where the performer retells well-known scripts in a way that is appropriate to the audience and the present occasion, spinning the tale to convey a personal message. Shajarian’s career also exemplifies the huge changes that Iranian musical culture underwent in the 1960s and 70s. Finally, the study includes a detailed examination of the materials and creative processes of Shajarian’s artistic craft, including his acquisition process and training, vocal technique, selection and treatment of poetry, use of traditional musical materials, and his balance of engaging preset materials with improvisation. The Art of Avaz and Mohammad Reza Shajarian is an impressively detailed study of the music, life, and environment of the most influential musician in Iranian classical music of the past three decades.

The Mobile Phone Revolution in Morocco

Author : Hsain Ilahiane
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1793616590
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (936 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mobile Phone Revolution in Morocco by : Hsain Ilahiane

Download or read book The Mobile Phone Revolution in Morocco written by Hsain Ilahiane and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2022-02-14 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Mobile Phone Revolution in Morocco, Hsain Ilahiane examines how Moroccans use the mobile phone to redefine core notions of gender and space, honor and shame, placemaking, and surveillance and control. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork with urban street vendors, urban micro-entrepreneurs, urban female domestic workers, and smallholder farmers in urban and rural Morocco, Ilahiane illustrates how the mobile phone has the endowed capacity to inform, rearrange, and transform almost every aspect of Moroccan society.

The Middle East and South Asia 2019-2020

Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475852177
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis The Middle East and South Asia 2019-2020 by :

Download or read book The Middle East and South Asia 2019-2020 written by and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than a quarter of the world’s population live in the Middle East and South Asia, yet our knowledge and understanding of the region is often limited to news updates about the latest conflicts and crises. This 53rd edition of the annually updated volume of the World Today Series provides important insights that take the reader beyond the headlines. It offers detailed and up-to-date information about the politics, economies and societies of the twenty-four states that make up the region. Contemporary events are placed in their historical context, through an examination of major civilizations and key historical events. This volume introduces major themes that have shaped the region, including the struggles of ordinary people to achieve democratic rights; the role of oil in shaping society; burgeoning environmental threats; and the rise and fall of the Islamic State caliphate. While there is reason for optimism in regards to the Middle East and South Asia, this is tempered by the very real challenges that confront the region. The general reader will gain an understanding of these challenges and opportunities through an exploration of current and past developments.

Ameen Rihani

Author : Nathan C. Funk
Publisher : University Press of America
ISBN 13 : 9780761828600
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (286 download)

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Book Synopsis Ameen Rihani by : Nathan C. Funk

Download or read book Ameen Rihani written by Nathan C. Funk and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2004 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer of 1888, Ameen Fares Rihani (1876-1940) left the shores of his native Lebanon to begin a new life in the bustling metropolis of New York City. Few could have guessed at the time that the young Rihani would soon become one of the most famous and distinctive Arab writers of the era, transforming tales from his crossings between East and West into a clarion call for understanding and cooperation between a rising world power and an Arab world that was suspended between cultural renaissance and political recolonization. Less than a year after the tragic events of September 11, 2001, the Ameen Rihani Institute and the American University Center for Global Peace convened a distinguished group of Arab, American, and European scholars for an international symposium in Washington, D.C. Inspired by the conviction that Rihani's humane vision still addresses many of the most vitally important issues in global affairs, the participants in this symposium prepared stimulating writings on every facet of Rihani's intellectual journey, literary career, political advocacy, and life as a protagonist of Arab-American understanding. The result is this remarkable book demonstrating the extraordinary nature of Ameen Rihani's work as a cultural ambassador; the depth of his affinities for such writers as Carlyle, Emerson, Thoreau, and Tolstoy; and the enduring relevance of his commitments to tolerance, universalism, reconciliation, and peace.