High Voltage Grounding Systems

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Practical Methods for Analysis and Design of HV Installation Grounding Systems

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Author : Ljubivoje M. Popovic
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128144610
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

Book Synopsis Practical Methods for Analysis and Design of HV Installation Grounding Systems by : Ljubivoje M. Popovic

Download or read book Practical Methods for Analysis and Design of HV Installation Grounding Systems written by Ljubivoje M. Popovic and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Methods for Analysis and Design of HV Installation Grounding Systems gives readers a basic understanding of the modeling characteristics of the major components of a complex grounding system. One by one, the author develops and analyzes each component as a standalone element, but then puts them together, considering their mutual disposition, or so-called proximity effect. This is the first book to enable the making and analysis of the most complex grounding systems that are typical for HV substations located in urban areas that uses relatively simple mathematical operations instead of modern computers. Since the presented methods enable problem-solving for more complex issues than the ones solved using National, IEC and/or IEEE standards, this book can be considered as an appendix to these standards. Develops general equations of lumped parameter ladder circuits Includes the analytical expression for determination of ground fault current distribution for a fault anywhere along a cable line Presents measurement and analytical methods for the determination of actual ground fault current distribution for high-voltage substations located in urban areas Provides the analytical procedure for the determination of the critical ground fault position for faults appearing in outgoing transmission lines Defines testing procedure for the correct evaluation of grounding systems of substations located in urban areas

High Voltage Grounding Systems

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Author : Gary Gilbert
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (827 download)

Book Synopsis High Voltage Grounding Systems by : Gary Gilbert

Download or read book High Voltage Grounding Systems written by Gary Gilbert and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Minimization of Construction Costs of Substation Grounding Grids: In every electrical installation, one of the most important aspects is adequate grounding; in particular, the grounding of high-voltage substations to protect people and equipment in the event of an electrical fault. Well-designed grounding systems ensure the performance of power systems and safety of personnel. It is desirable that the substation grounding provides a near zero resistance to remote earth. The prevailing practice of most utilities is to install a grid of horizontal ground electrodes (buried bare copper conductors) supplemented by a number of vertical ground rods connected to the grid, and by a number of equipment grounding mats and interconnecting cables. The grounding grid provides a common ground for the electrical equipment and for all metallic structures at the station. It also limits the surface potential gradient. Currently the IEEE 80-2000 standard for substations grounding limits the determination of the grounding parameters (namely step, touch and ground potential rise) to that of a uniform soil model unless the Sunde graphical method is used. With the Sunde graphical method, it relies on interpretation to obtain a two layer soil model. Without the use of the graphical method, the IEEE 81-1983 has several empirical equations that can be used for the two layer model; however, these equations rely on the use of images which retard the speed of calculations to the point where the overall optimization of the grounding grid (with respect to size and shape) has yet to be determined. The goal of the thesis was to improve upon the current restrictions for the grounding grid design, while minimizing the material (i.e., copper conductors) and installation costs of a grid.

Optimum Design of Grounding System of High Voltage Substations

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Author : Ossama Gouda
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783844314311
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (143 download)

Book Synopsis Optimum Design of Grounding System of High Voltage Substations by : Ossama Gouda

Download or read book Optimum Design of Grounding System of High Voltage Substations written by Ossama Gouda and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this article is to study the optimum design of grounding system of high voltage substations by using artificial neural network. The proposed study will implement the following important contributions: 1-Performance of grounding system under uniform and non-uniform soil resistivity. 2-Grounding by using equal and non-equal spacing grids studying the performance of non equal spacing grid incase of uniform and non-uniform soil. 3-Grounding by grids and rods in non- uniform soil and unequally spaced grids. 4-Safety analysis of grounding grid with different structures. 5-Designing of ANN as a tool to select the optimum grounding system. 6-Performance of grounding system under transient conditions.

Methodology and Technology for Power System Grounding

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Author : Jinliang He
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111825502X
Total Pages : 618 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

Book Synopsis Methodology and Technology for Power System Grounding by : Jinliang He

Download or read book Methodology and Technology for Power System Grounding written by Jinliang He and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-11-28 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grounding is the fundamental measures to ensure the safe operation of power systems, including power apparatus and control/monitoring systems, and guarantee the personal safety. Grounding technology is an interdiscipline involving electrical engineering, high voltage technology, electric safety, electromagnetics, numerical analysis, and geological exploration Methodology and Technology for Power System Grounding: Covers all topics related to power system grounding Presents fundaments and theories of grounding systems Well balances technology and methodology related to grounding system design Helps to understand the grounding analysis softwares Highlights the advanced research works in the field of grounding systems Comprehensively introduces numerical analysis methods Discovers impulse ionization phenomenon of soil around the grounding conductors Touches on lightning impulse characteristics of grounding devices for towers and buildings As a comprehensive treatment of the topic, Methodology and Technology for Power System Grounding is ideal for engineers and researchers in power system, lightning protection, and grounding. The book will also better equip postgraduates, senior undergraduate students in electrical engineering.

IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems

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Author : IEEE Industry Applications Society. Power Systems Engineering Committee
Publisher : Inst of Elect & Electronic
ISBN 13 : 9781559371414
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (714 download)

Book Synopsis IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems by : IEEE Industry Applications Society. Power Systems Engineering Committee

Download or read book IEEE Recommended Practice for Grounding of Industrial and Commercial Power Systems written by IEEE Industry Applications Society. Power Systems Engineering Committee and published by Inst of Elect & Electronic. This book was released on 1992 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problems of system grounding, that is, connection to ground of neutral, of the corner of the delta, or of the midtap of one phase, are covered. The advantages and disadvantages of grounded versus ungrounded systems are discussed. Information is given on how to ground the system, where the system should be grounded, and how to select equipment for the grounding of the neutral circuits. Connecting the frames and enclosures of electric apparatus, such as motors, switchgear, transformers, buses, cables conduits, building frames, and portable equipment, to a ground system is addressed. The fundamentals of making the interconnection or ground-conductor system between electric equipment and the ground rods, water pipes, etc. are outlined. The problems of static electricity(how it is generated, what processes may produce it, how it is measured, and what should be done to prevent its generation or to drain the static charges to earth to prevent sparking(are treated. Methods of protecting structures against the effects of lightning are also covered. Obtaining a low-resistance connection to the earth, use of ground rods, connections to water pipes, etc, are discussed. A separate chapter on sensitive electronic equipment is included.

Neutral Grounding in High-voltage Transmission

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Author : Raoul Willheim
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 738 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis Neutral Grounding in High-voltage Transmission by : Raoul Willheim

Download or read book Neutral Grounding in High-voltage Transmission written by Raoul Willheim and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Grounding Electrical Distribution Systems

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Author : Gregory P. Bierals
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100052163X
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

Book Synopsis Grounding Electrical Distribution Systems by : Gregory P. Bierals

Download or read book Grounding Electrical Distribution Systems written by Gregory P. Bierals and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-16 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first concern and the most important reason for proper grounding techniques are to protect people from the effects of ground-faults and lightning. Creating an effective ground-fault current path to assure the operation of overcurrent protective devices on solidly grounded systems and to limit the voltage-rise on equipment frames during fault condition is of paramount importance. The next concern is building and equipment protection. In this case, providing low impedance bonding and grounding paths between the system source, the electrical service and downstream equipment will serve to limit hazardous voltages due to faults and especially, lightning, A low resistance-to-ground system will serve to limit the voltage rise on systems and equipment. But of equal importance is the length of the grounding electrode conductor. It is critical to limit the length of this conductor due to the increased impedance of lightning currents. And finally, a properly installed grounding system will minimize the effects of electrical noise on sensitive circuits and stabilize the voltage-to-ground during normal operation. This volume has extensive information on grounding electrical systems and equipment. This information includes the following topics: System Grounding Equipment Grounding Bonding The Grounding Electrode System Solidly Grounded Systems Impedance Grounded Systems Grounding Separately-Derived Systems Calculating Ground-Fault Currents Conductor Insulation Withstand Ratings Conductor Fusing or Melting Currents Functional Grounding Lightning Protection Readership: Anyone involved with designing a proper grounding system that will serve to protect people and equipment from the effects of ground faults and lightning. And to design a proper grounding system for special applications, including Solar and Wind Powered Systems.

Analysis of Grounding and Bonding Systems

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Author : Massimo Mitolo
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000070425
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

Book Synopsis Analysis of Grounding and Bonding Systems by : Massimo Mitolo

Download or read book Analysis of Grounding and Bonding Systems written by Massimo Mitolo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the theory behind grounding systems and bonding equipotential connections from a worldwide expert. Through mathematical analysis, comprehensive explanations, and detailed figures, Analysis of Grounding and Bonding Systems explains the theory and the reasons behind basic ground-electrodes (i.e., the sphere, the ground rod, and the horizontal ground wire), and more complex grounding systems (i.e., ground-grids), buried in uniform and non-uniform soils. Through calculations and explanatory diagrams, this comprehensive guide provides code-complying solutions for the safety against electric shock provided by equipotential bonding connections between exposed-conductive-parts, such as equipment enclosures, and metalwork. Details on the calculation of step and touch voltages in different types of system grounding (i.e., TT, TN, and IT) are provided, also with the aid of solved problems. Readers will learn how to minimize hazardous interactions between grounding systems, cathodically protected pipelines, and heat networks. The analysis of the effectiveness of bonding systems against electric shock in the case of contact with electric vehicles during charge in the event of ground-faults, which is an upcoming issue challenging our safety, is included.

High Voltage Engineering and Applications

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Author : Ayman El-Hag
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3039287168
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (392 download)

Book Synopsis High Voltage Engineering and Applications by : Ayman El-Hag

Download or read book High Voltage Engineering and Applications written by Ayman El-Hag and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of recent publications from researchers all over the globe in the broad area of high-voltage engineering. The presented research papers cover both experimental and simulation studies, with a focus on topics related to insulation monitoring using state-of-the-art sensors and advanced machine learning algorithms. Special attention was given in the Special Issue to partial discharge monitoring as one of the most important techniques in insulation condition assessment. Moreover, this Special Issue contains several articles which focus on different modeling techniques that help researchers to better evaluate the condition of insulation systems. Different power system assets are addressed in this book, including transformers, outdoor insulators, underground cables, and gas-insulated substations.

Mike Holt's Illustrated Guide to Understanding NEC Req for Bonding and Grounding, Based on 2020 NEC

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Author : Mike Holt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781950431038
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (31 download)

Book Synopsis Mike Holt's Illustrated Guide to Understanding NEC Req for Bonding and Grounding, Based on 2020 NEC by : Mike Holt

Download or read book Mike Holt's Illustrated Guide to Understanding NEC Req for Bonding and Grounding, Based on 2020 NEC written by Mike Holt and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Power Systems Grounding

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Author : Md. Abdus Salam
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811004463
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

Book Synopsis Power Systems Grounding by : Md. Abdus Salam

Download or read book Power Systems Grounding written by Md. Abdus Salam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides electrical and electronic engineering undergraduate and graduate students and trainees with practical information on grounding-system parameters, and on different methods for measuring soil resistivity and ground resistance. It also presents some real-world studies, which enhance the learning experience. It discusses electromagnetic field theories to explain ground resistance modeling using different sizes of electrodes. Furthermore it includes CYME GRD software for simulation of soil resistivity and grounding grid design, and considers some fundamental concepts of power systems to clarify other topics related to the grounding system.

Electric Distribution Systems

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Author : Abdelhay A. Sallam
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119509319
Total Pages : 628 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

Book Synopsis Electric Distribution Systems by : Abdelhay A. Sallam

Download or read book Electric Distribution Systems written by Abdelhay A. Sallam and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of the theory and practice for designing, operating, and optimizing electric distribution systems, revised and updated Now in its second edition, Electric Distribution Systems has been revised and updated and continues to provide a two-tiered approach for designing, installing, and managing effective and efficient electric distribution systems. With an emphasis on both the practical and theoretical approaches, the text is a guide to the underlying theory and concepts and provides a resource for applying that knowledge to problem solving. The authors—noted experts in the field—explain the analytical tools and techniques essential for designing and operating electric distribution systems. In addition, the authors reinforce the theories and practical information presented with real-world examples as well as hundreds of clear illustrations and photos. This essential resource contains the information needed to design electric distribution systems that meet the requirements of specific loads, cities, and zones. The authors also show how to recognize and quickly respond to problems that may occur during system operations, as well as revealing how to improve the performance of electric distribution systems with effective system automation and monitoring. This updated edition: • Contains new information about recent developments in the field particularly in regard to renewable energy generation • Clarifies the perspective of various aspects relating to protection schemes and accompanying equipment • Includes illustrative descriptions of a variety of distributed energy sources and their integration with distribution systems • Explains the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, various types of energy storage systems and the role they play to improve power quality, stability, and reliability Written for engineers in electric utilities, regulators, and consultants working with electric distribution systems planning and projects, the second edition of Electric Distribution Systems offers an updated text to both the theoretical underpinnings and practical applications of electrical distribution systems.

Advances in High Voltage Engineering

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Author : A. Haddad
Publisher : IET
ISBN 13 : 0852961588
Total Pages : 669 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (529 download)

Book Synopsis Advances in High Voltage Engineering by : A. Haddad

Download or read book Advances in High Voltage Engineering written by A. Haddad and published by IET. This book was released on 2004 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the very latest research and development issues in high voltage technology, specifically covering developments throughout the past decade. It is intended as a reference source for researchers and students in the field, but the unique blend of expert authors and comprehensive subject coverage means that this book is also ideally suited as a reference source for engineers and academics in the field for years to come.

Advances and Technologies in High Voltage Power Systems Operation, Control, Protection and Security

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Author : Hassan Haes Alhelou
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036511407
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)

Book Synopsis Advances and Technologies in High Voltage Power Systems Operation, Control, Protection and Security by : Hassan Haes Alhelou

Download or read book Advances and Technologies in High Voltage Power Systems Operation, Control, Protection and Security written by Hassan Haes Alhelou and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrical demands in several countries around the world are increasing due to the huge energy requirements of prosperous economies and the human activities of modern life. In order to economically transfer electrical powers from the generation side to the demand side, these powers need to be transferred at high-voltage levels through suitable transmission systems and power substations. To this end, high-voltage transmission systems and power substations are in demand. Actually, they are at the heart of interconnected power systems, in which any faults might lead to unsuitable consequences, abnormal operation situations, security issues, and even power cuts and blackouts. In order to cope with the ever-increasing operation and control complexity and security in interconnected high-voltage power systems, new architectures, concepts, algorithms, and procedures are essential. This book aims to encourage researchers to address the technical issues and research gaps in high-voltage transmission systems and power substations in modern energy systems.

Grounds for Grounding

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Author : Elya B. Joffe
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118211510
Total Pages : 827 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (182 download)

Book Synopsis Grounds for Grounding by : Elya B. Joffe

Download or read book Grounds for Grounding written by Elya B. Joffe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 827 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GROUNDS FOR GROUNDING The first book to cover grounding from the circuit to system and across the entire spectrum of applications Grounds for Grounding provides a complete and thorough approach to the subject of designing electrical and electronic circuits and systems, blending theory and practice to demonstrate how a few basic rules can be applied across a broad range of applications. The authors begin with the basic concepts of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) that are essential for understanding grounding theory and its applications, such as “ground loop,” which is one of the most misunderstood concepts in EMC. Next, they provide an introduction to grounding, including safety grounding, grounding for control of electromagnetic interference, and grounding-related case studies. Subsequent chapter coverage includes: Fundamentals of grounding design Bonding principles Grounding for power distribution and lightning protection systems Grounding in wiring circuits and cable shields Grounding of EMI terminal protection devices Grounding on printed circuit boards Integrated facility and platform grounding system Practical case studies are integrated throughout the book to aid in readers’ comprehension and each chapter concludes with a useful bibliography. Grounds for Grounding is an indispensable resource for electrical and electronic engineers who work with the design of circuits, systems, and facilities.

Design and Specification of High Voltage Distribution System & Earthing System

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Author : Yan Choon Tan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789810501068
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (1 download)

Book Synopsis Design and Specification of High Voltage Distribution System & Earthing System by : Yan Choon Tan

Download or read book Design and Specification of High Voltage Distribution System & Earthing System written by Yan Choon Tan and published by . This book was released on 2003* with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

United States Code

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Author : United States
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1558 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

Book Synopsis United States Code by : United States

Download or read book United States Code written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: