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Heterogeneity Characterization And Genetic Mechanism Of Deepwater Fine Grained Sedimentary Rocks During Icehouse Period
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Book Synopsis Heterogeneity Characterization and Genetic Mechanism of Deepwater Fine-grained Sedimentary Rocks During Icehouse Period by : Junwen Peng
Download or read book Heterogeneity Characterization and Genetic Mechanism of Deepwater Fine-grained Sedimentary Rocks During Icehouse Period written by Junwen Peng and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite being the most abundant sedimentary rocks and having global economic significance, many uncertainties remain concerning the petrographic, sedimentological, and bulk geochemical signatures of fine-grained sedimentary rocks (i.e., mudrocks) in deep-water environments. A systematic and comprehensive petrographic (chapters 2 and 3), sedimentological (chapter 4), and geochemical (chapter 5) studies of the deep-water organic-rich Upper Pennsylvanian Cline Shale, in the Midland Basin, were conducted in this study to elucidate general principles that can inform synthesis depositional and diagenetic models for deep-water fine-grained sedimentary systems. Multiple high-resolution petrographic techniques applied to mudrocks suggest that primary grain assemblages of the Cline Shale are complex and include both intrabasinal and extrabasinal grains. Total Organic Carbon (TOC), porosity, and permeability of the Cline Shale are proportional to the intrabasinal grains content, whereas rock strength is related to the content of intergranular clay-size microquartz cement (originating from biosilicoeus allochems). The composition of primary grain assemblages is believed to further determine the potential diagenetic pathways and evolution of mechanical and petrophysical rock properties. Detailed sedimentological analysis of three continuous cores from the Cline Shale along the dip direction allows us to define seven lithofacies that stack in a repeated pattern, constituting ~8 to 20 m thick composite cycle sets. The apparent cyclicities recorded in the Cline Shale are interpreted to be controlled by high-amplitude glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations during a period where the earth was in a ice-house state. High-resolution bulk geochemical analysis revealed significant changes in trace-element enrichment pattern and other bulk geochemical signatures in different lithofacies of the Cline Shale. Such variations in geochemical data were believed to be caused by the variations in benthic redox conditions, primary marine productivity, and hydrographic circulation in the basin, which was interpreted to be associated with high-amplitude and high-frequency glacioeustatic oscillations. This dissertation established a high-resolution imaging protocol for shale petrography (chapters 2 and 3) and confirmed a high-resolution energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence geochemical technique in mudrock elemental composition detection (chapter 5)
Book Synopsis Seismic Characterization of Carbonate Platforms and Reservoirs by : J. Hendry
Download or read book Seismic Characterization of Carbonate Platforms and Reservoirs written by J. Hendry and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-08-17 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern seismic data have become an essential toolkit for studying carbonate platforms and reservoirs in impressive detail. Whilst driven primarily by oil and gas exploration and development, data sharing and collaboration are delivering fundamental geological knowledge on carbonate systems, revealing platform geomorphologies and how their evolution on millennial time scales, as well as kilometric length scales, was forced by long-term eustatic, oceanographic or tectonic factors. Quantitative interrogation of modern seismic attributes in carbonate reservoirs permits flow units and barriers arising from depositional and diagenetic processes to be imaged and extrapolated between wells. This volume reviews the variety of carbonate platform and reservoir characteristics that can be interpreted from modern seismic data, illustrating the benefits of creative interaction between geophysical and carbonate geological experts at all stages of a seismic campaign. Papers cover carbonate exploration, including the uniquely challenging South Atlantic pre-salt reservoirs, seismic modelling of carbonates, and seismic indicators of fluid flow and diagenesis.
Book Synopsis Sedimentology and Stratigraphy by : Gary Nichols
Download or read book Sedimentology and Stratigraphy written by Gary Nichols and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fully revised and updated edition introduces the reader to sedimentology and stratigraphic principles, and provides tools for the interpretation of sediments and sedimentary rocks. The processes of formation, transport and deposition of sediment are considered and then applied to develop conceptual models for the full range of sedimentary environments, from deserts to deep seas and reefs to rivers. Different approaches to using stratigraphic principles to date and correlate strata are also considered, in order to provide a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of sedimentology and stratigraphy. The text and figures are designed to be accessible to anyone completely new to the subject, and all of the illustrative material is provided in an accompanying CD-ROM. High-resolution versions of these images can also be downloaded from the companion website for this book at: www.wiley.com/go/nicholssedimentology.
Book Synopsis New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences by : National Research Council
Download or read book New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-04-26 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2001 National Research Council (NRC) report Basic Research Opportunities in Earth Science (BROES) described how basic research in the Earth sciences serves five national imperatives: (1) discovery, use, and conservation of natural resources; (2) characterization and mitigation of natural hazards; (3) geotechnical support of commercial and infrastructure development; (4) stewardship of the environment; and (5) terrestrial surveillance for global security and national defense. This perspective is even more pressing today, and will persist into the future, with ever-growing emphasis. Today's world-with headlines dominated by issues involving fossil fuel and water resources, earthquake and tsunami disasters claiming hundreds of thousands of lives and causing hundreds of billions of dollars in damages, profound environmental changes associated with the evolving climate system, and nuclear weapons proliferation and testing-has many urgent societal issues that need to be informed by sound understanding of the Earth sciences. A national strategy to sustain basic research and training of expertise across the full spectrum of the Earth sciences is motivated by these national imperatives. New Research Opportunities in the Earth Sciences identifies new and emerging research opportunities in the Earth sciences over the next decade, including surface and deep Earth processes and interdisciplinary research with fields such as ocean and atmospheric sciences, biology, engineering, computer science, and social and behavioral sciences. The report also identifies key instrumentation and facilities needed to support these new and emerging research opportunities. The report describes opportunities for increased cooperation in these new and emerging areas between EAR and other government agency programs, industry, and international programs, and suggests new ways that EAR can help train the next generation of Earth scientists, support young investigators, and increase the participation of underrepresented groups in the field.
Book Synopsis Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs by : Wayne M. Ahr
Download or read book Geology of Carbonate Reservoirs written by Wayne M. Ahr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-20 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible resource, covering the fundamentals of carbonate reservoir engineering Includes discussions on how, where and why carbonate are formed, plus reviews of basic sedimentological and stratigraphic principles to explain carbonate platform characteristics and stratigraphic relationships Offers a new, genetic classification of carbonate porosity that is especially useful in predicting spatial distribution of pore networks.
Book Synopsis The Sedimentary Record of Sea-Level Change by : Angela L. Coe
Download or read book The Sedimentary Record of Sea-Level Change written by Angela L. Coe and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-22 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lavishly illustrated textbook on sequence stratigraphy, supported by numerous learning features and supplementary website.
Book Synopsis The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin by : John W. Snedden
Download or read book The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin written by John W. Snedden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and richly illustrated overview of the Gulf of Mexico Basin, including its reservoirs, source rocks, tectonics and evolution.
Book Synopsis Salt Tectonics by : Martin P. A. Jackson
Download or read book Salt Tectonics written by Martin P. A. Jackson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Salt tectonics is the study of how and why salt structures evolve and the three-dimensional forms that result. A fascinating branch of geology in itself, salt tectonics is also vitally important to the petroleum industry. Covering the entire scale from the microscopic to the continental, this textbook is an unrivalled consolidation of all topics related to salt tectonics: evaporite deposition and flow, salt structures, salt systems, and practical applications. Coverage of the principles of salt tectonics is supported by more than 600 color illustrations, including 200 seismic images captured by state-of-the-art geophysical techniques and tectonic models from the Applied Geodynamics Laboratory at the University of Texas, Austin. These combine to provide a cohesive and wide-ranging insight into this extremely visual subject. This is the definitive practical handbook for professional geologists and geophysicists in the petroleum industry, an invaluable textbook for graduate students, and a reference textbook for researchers in various geoscience fields.
Book Synopsis The Vegetation of Antarctica through Geological Time by : David J. Cantrill
Download or read book The Vegetation of Antarctica through Geological Time written by David J. Cantrill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-22 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fossil history of plant life in Antarctica is central to our understanding of the evolution of vegetation through geological time and also plays a key role in reconstructing past configurations of the continents and associated climatic conditions. This book provides the only detailed overview of the development of Antarctic vegetation from the Devonian period to the present day, presenting Earth scientists with valuable insights into the break up of the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana. Details of specific floras and ecosystems are provided within the context of changing geological, geographical and environmental conditions, alongside comparisons with contemporaneous and modern ecosystems. The authors demonstrate how palaeobotany contributes to our understanding of the paleoenvironmental changes in the southern hemisphere during this period of Earth history. The book is a complete and up-to-date reference for researchers and students in Antarctic paleobotany and terrestrial paleoecology.
Book Synopsis Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis by : Andrew Miall
Download or read book Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis written by Andrew Miall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended as a practical handbook for those engaged in the task of analyzing the paleogeographic evolution of ancient sedimentary basins. The science of stratigraphy and sedimentology is central to such endeavors, but although several excellent textbooks on sedimentology have appeared in recent years little has been written about modern stratigraphic methods. Sedimentology textbooks tend to take a theoretical approach, building from physical and chemical theory and studies of mod ern environments. It is commonly difficult to apply this information to practical problems in ancient rocks, and very little guidance is given on methods of observation, mapping and interpretation. In this book theory is downplayed and the emphasis is on what a geologist can actually see in outcrops, well records, and cores, and what can be ob tained using geophysical techniques. A new approach is taken to stratigraphy, which attempts to explain the genesis of lithostratigraphic units and to de-emphasize the importance of formal description and nam ing. There are also sections explaining principles of facies analysis, basin mapping methods, depositional systems, and the study of basin thermal history, so important to the genesis of fuels and minerals. Lastly, an at tempt is made to tie everything together by considering basins in the con text of plate tectonics and eustatic sea level changes.
Book Synopsis Stratigraphy and Paleolimnology of the Green River Formation, Western USA by : Michael Elliot Smith
Download or read book Stratigraphy and Paleolimnology of the Green River Formation, Western USA written by Michael Elliot Smith and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-02 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a suite of detailed stratigraphic and sedimentologic investigations of the Eocene Green River Formation of Wyoming, Colorado and Utah, one of the world’s foremost terrestrial archives of lacustrine and alluvial deposition during the warmest portion of the early Cenozoic. Its twelve chapters encompass the rich and varied record of lacustrine stratigraphy, sedimentology, geochronology, geochemistry and paleontology. Chapters 2-9 provide detailed member-scale synthesis of Green River Formation strata within the Greater Green River, Fossil, Piceance Creek and Uinta Basins, while its final two chapters address its enigmatic evaporite deposits and ichnofossils at broad, interbasinal scale.
Download or read book Paleolimnology written by Andrew S. Cohen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2003-05-29 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, written by a leading researcher in the field, describes the origin and formation of lakes in order to give context to the question of how lacustrine deposits form. It explains the process of sedimentation in lakes and the chemistry of those deposits and describes how the age of lake deposits are determined. Additionally, this book shows how different groups of fossils are used in interpreting the paleontological record of lakes. In order to illustrate the more synthetic approaches to interpreting the history of lakes, the author also discusses such special topics as lake-level history, lake evolution, and the impact of environmental change on lakes.
Book Synopsis Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change by : William F. Ruddiman
Download or read book Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change written by William F. Ruddiman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A significant advance in climatological scholarship, Tectonic Uplift and Climate Change is a multidisciplinary effort to summarize the current status of a new theory steadily gaining acceptance in geoscience circles: that long-term cooling and glaciation are controlled by plateau and mountain uplift. Researchers in many diverse fields, from geology to paleobotany, present data that substantiate this hypothesis. The volume covers most of the key, dramatic transformations of the Earth's surface.
Book Synopsis The Role of Halogens in Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Geochemical Processes by : Daniel E. Harlov
Download or read book The Role of Halogens in Terrestrial and Extraterrestrial Geochemical Processes written by Daniel E. Harlov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-30 with total page 1029 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book summarizes the knowledge and experiences concerning the role of halogens during various geochemical processes, such as diagenesis, ore-formation, magma evolution, metasomatism, mineralization, and metamorphism in the crust and mantle of the Earth. It comprises the role of halogens in other terrestrial worlds like volatile-rich asteroids, Mars, and the ice moons of Jupiter and Saturn. Review chapters outline and expand upon the basis of our current understanding regarding how halogens contribute to the geochemical/geophysical evolution and stability of terrestrial worlds overall.
Book Synopsis 250 Million Years of Earth History in Central Italy by : Christian Koeberl
Download or read book 250 Million Years of Earth History in Central Italy written by Christian Koeberl and published by Geological Society of America. This book was released on 2019-11-04 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Umbria-Marche Apennines are entirely made of marine sedimentary rocks, representing a continuous record of the geotectonic evolution of an epeiric sea from the Early Triassic to the Pleistocene. The book includes reviews and original research works accomplished with the support of the Geological Observatory of Coldigioco"--
Book Synopsis Seismic and Sequence Stratigraphy and Integrated Stratigraphy by : Gemma Aiello
Download or read book Seismic and Sequence Stratigraphy and Integrated Stratigraphy written by Gemma Aiello and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains six chapters dealing with the investigation of seismic and sequence stratigraphy and integrated stratigraphy, including the stratigraphic unconformities, in different geological settings and using several techniques and methods, including the seismostratigraphic and the sequence stratigraphic analysis, the field geological survey, the well log stratigraphic interpretation, and the lithologic and paleobotanical data. Book chapters are separated into two main sections: (i) seismic and sequence stratigraphy and (ii) integrated stratigraphy. There are three chapters in the first section, including the application of sequence and seismic stratigraphy to the fine-grained shales, to the fluvial facies and depositional environments, and to the Late Miocene geological structures offshore of Taiwan. In the second section, there are three chapters dealing with the integrated stratigraphic investigation of Jurassic deposits of the southern Siberian platform, with the stratigraphic unconformities, reviewing the related geological concepts and studying examples from Middle-Upper Paleozoic successions; and, finally, with the integrated stratigraphy of the Cenozoic deposits of the Andean foreland basin (northwestern Argentina).
Book Synopsis Applications of Non-Pollen Palynomorphs by : F. Marret
Download or read book Applications of Non-Pollen Palynomorphs written by F. Marret and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-awaited book about non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) aims to cover gaps in our knowledge of these abundant but understudied palynological remains. NPPs, such as fungal spores, testate amoebae, dinoflagellate cysts, acritarchs and animal remains, are routinely recovered from palynological preparations of marine or terrestrial material, from Proterozoic to recent geological times. This book gives the reader a comprehensive overview of the different types of NPPs, with examples from diverse time periods and environments. It provides guidance on sample preparation to maximize the recovery of these NPPs, detailed information on their diversity and ecological affinity, clarification on the nomenclature and demonstrates their value as environmental indicators. This volume will become the reference guide for any student, academic or practitioner interested in everything else in their palynological preparations.
