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Growth And Properties Of Iii Nitride Materials On Different Substrates With Crn Nano Island By Molecular Beam Epitaxy
Download Growth And Properties Of Iii Nitride Materials On Different Substrates With Crn Nano Island By Molecular Beam Epitaxy full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Growth And Properties Of Iii Nitride Materials On Different Substrates With Crn Nano Island By Molecular Beam Epitaxy ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Optoelectronic Devices by : M Razeghi
Download or read book Optoelectronic Devices written by M Razeghi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tremendous progress has been made in the last few years in the growth, doping and processing technologies of the wide bandgap semiconductors. As a result, this class of materials now holds significant promis for semiconductor electronics in a broad range of applications. The principal driver for the current revival of interest in III-V Nitrides is their potential use in high power, high temperature, high frequency and optical devices resistant to radiation damage. This book provides a wide number of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides and covers the entire process from growth to devices and applications making it essential reading for those working in the semiconductors or microelectronics. Broad review of optoelectronic applications of III-V nitrides
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Nanostructures by : Dieter Bimberg
Download or read book Semiconductor Nanostructures written by Dieter Bimberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reducing the size of a coherently grown semiconductor cluster in all three directions of space to a value below the de Broglie wavelength of a charge carrier leads to complete quantization of the energy levels, density of states, etc. Such “quantum dots” are more similar to giant atoms in a dielectric cage than to classical solids or semiconductors showing a dispersion of energy as a function of wavevector. Their electronic and optical properties depend strongly on their size and shape, i.e. on their geometry. By designing the geometry by controlling the growth of QDs, absolutely novel possibilities for material design leading to novel devices are opened. This multiauthor book written by world-wide recognized leaders of their particular fields and edited by the recipient of the Max-Born Award and Medal 2006 Professor Dieter Bimberg reports on the state of the art of the growing of quantum dots, the theory of self-organised growth, the theory of electronic and excitonic states, optical properties and transport in a variety of materials. It covers the subject from the early work beginning of the 1990s up to 2006. The topics addressed in the book are the focus of research in all leading semiconductor and optoelectronic device laboratories of the world.
Download or read book III-nitride written by Zhe Chuan Feng and published by Imperial College Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: III-Nitride semiconductor materials OCo (Al, In, Ga)N OCo are excellent wide band gap semiconductors very suitable for modern electronic and optoelectronic applications. Remarkable breakthroughs have been achieved recently, and current knowledge and data published have to be modified and upgraded. This book presents the new developments and achievements in the field. Written by renowned experts, the review chapters in this book cover the most important topics and achievements in recent years, discuss progress made by different groups, and suggest future directions. Each chapter also describes the basis of theory or experiment. The III-Nitride-based industry is building up and new economic developments from these materials are promising. It is expected that III-Nitride-based LEDs may replace traditional light bulbs to realize a revolution in lighting. This book is a valuable source of information for engineers, scientists and students working towards such goals. Sample Chapter(s). Chapter 1: Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy of Group III Nitride Materials (540 KB). Contents: Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy of Group III Nitride Materials (V Dmitriev & A Usikov); Planar MOVPE Technology for Epitaxy of III-Nitride Materials (M Dauelsberg et al.); Close-Coupled Showerhead MOCVD Technology for the Epitaxy of GaN and Related Materials (E J Thrush & A R Boyd); Molecular Beam Epitaxy for III-N Materials (H Tang & J Webb); Growth and Properties of Nonpolar GaN Films and Heterostructures (Y J Sun & O Brandt); Indium-Nitride Growth by High-Pressure CVD: Real-Time and Ex-Situ Characterization (N Dietz); A New Look on InN (L-W Tu et al.); Growth and Optical/Electrical Properties of Al x Ga 1-x N Alloys in the Full Composition Range (F Yun); Optical Investigation of InGaN/GaN Quantum Well Structures Grown by MOCVD (T Wang); Clustering Nanostructures and Optical Characteristics in InGaN/GaN Quantum-Well Structures with Silicon Doping (Y-C Cheng et al.); III-Nitrides Micro- and Nano-Structures (H M Ng & A Chowdhury); New Developments in Dilute Nitride Semiconductor Research (W Shan et al.). Readership: Scientists; material growers and evaluators; device design, processing engineers; postgraduate and graduate students in electrical & electronic engineering and materials engineering.
Book Synopsis The Materials Science of Thin Films by : Milton Ohring
Download or read book The Materials Science of Thin Films written by Milton Ohring and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared as a textbook complete with problems after each chapter, specifically intended for classroom use in universities.
Book Synopsis Low-Dimensional Structures in Semiconductors by : A.R. Peaker
Download or read book Low-Dimensional Structures in Semiconductors written by A.R. Peaker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a sequence of reviews presented at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on 'Low Dimensional Structures in Semiconductors ... from Basic Physics to Applications.' This was part of the International School of Materials Science and 1990 at the Ettore Majorana Centre in Sicily. Technology held in July Only a few years ago, Low Dimensional Structures was an esoteric concept, but now it is apparent they are likely to playa major role in the next generation of electronic devices. The theme of the School acknowledged this rapidly developing maturity.' The contributions to the volume consider not only the essential physics, but take a wider view of the topic, starting from material growth and processing, then prog ressing right through to applications with some discussion of the likely use of low dimensional devices in systems. The papers are arranged into four sections, the first of which deals with basic con cepts of semiconductor and low dimensional systems. The second section is on growth and fabrication, reviewing MBE and MOVPE methods and discussing the achievements and limitations of techniques to reduce structures into the realms of one and zero dimensions. The third section covers the crucial issue of interfaces while the final section deals with devices and device physics.
Book Synopsis Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Early Transition Metal Nitrides for Thermoelectrics by : Mohammad Amin Gharavi
Download or read book Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Early Transition Metal Nitrides for Thermoelectrics written by Mohammad Amin Gharavi and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-18 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermoelectricity transforms temperature gradients across thermoelectric material into an external voltage through a phenomenon known as the Seebeck effect. This property has resulted in niche applications such as solid-state cooling for electronic and optoelectronic devices which exclude the need for a coolant or any moving parts and long-lasting, maintenance-free radioisotope thermoelectric generators used for deep-space exploration. However, the high price and low efficiency of thermoelectric generators have prompted scientists to search for new materials and/or methods to improve the efficiency of the already existing ones. Thermoelectric efficiency is governed by the dimensionless figure of merit ????, which depends on the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and Seebeck coefficient value of the material and has rarely surpassed unity. In order to address these issues, research conducted on early transition metal nitrides spearheaded by cubic scandium nitride (ScN) thin films showed promising results with high power factors close to 3000 ?Wm?1K?2 at 500 °C. These results are the main motivation behind my thesis where the conducted research is separated into two different routes: • the synthesis and characterization of chromium nitride thin films and its alloys • the study of hypothetical ternary nitrides equivalent to scandium nitride Rock-salt cubic chromium nitride (CrN) deposited in the form of thin films by reactive magnetron sputtering was chosen for its large Seebeck coefficient of approximately -200 ?V/K and low thermal conductivity between 2 and 4 Wm?1K?1. The results show that CrN in single crystal form has a low electrical resistivity below 1 m?cm, a Seebeck coefficient value of -230 ?V/K and a power factor close to 5000 ?Wm?1K?2 at room temperature. These promising results could lead to CrN based thermoelectric modules which are cheaper and more stable compared to traditional thermoelectric material such as bismuth telluride (Bi2Te3) and lead telluride (PbTe). Although cubic CrN has been shown to be a promising material for research with a large power factor, the electrical resistivity limits applications in pure form as the ???? is estimated to be slightly below 0.5. To overcome this issue, I enhanced the thermoelectric power-factor of CrN by alloying it with a conductor, Rock-salt cubic vanadium nitride (VN). VN is a suitable choice as both materials share the same crystal structure and have almost equal lattice constants. Through deposition at 720 °C, where a small amount of VN (less than 5%) and Cr2N is introduced into the film, a reduced electrical resistivity averaged around 0.8 × 10-3 ?cm, Seebeck coefficient value of 270 ?V/K and a power-factor of 9.1 × 10-3 W/mK2 is measured at room temperature, which surpasses the thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te3. Hexagonal dichromium nitride (Cr2N) nano-inclusions increase the charge carrier concentration and act as phonon scattering sites. Single crystal Cr2N was also studied separately, as it shows interesting elastic-plastic mechanical properties and high resistance to oxidation at high temperatures for long periods of time. In the second part of this thesis, hypothetical ternary nitrides equivalent to ScN are investigated for their prospective thermoelectric properties. Scandium nitride has a relatively high thermal conductivity value (close to 10 Wm?1K?1), resulting in a low ????. A hypothetical ternary equivalent to ScN may have a similar electronic band structure and large power factor, but with a lower thermal conductivity value leading to better thermoelectric properties. Thus, the elements magnesium, titanium, zirconium, and hafnium were chosen for this purpose. DFT calculations were used to simulate TiMgN2, ZrMgN2 and HfMgN2. The results show the MeMgN2 stoichiometry to be stable, with two rivaling crystal structures: trigonal NaCrS2 and monoclinic LiUN2. The calculated electronic band structure of these compounds shows a direct band-gap for the monoclinic and an indirect band-gap for the trigonal crystal structures. These findings, coupled with predicted Seebeck coefficient values, encourages actual synthesis of such materials. DFT calculations were also used to study (Zr, Mg)N and (Hf, Mg)N alloys based on the SQS model. The transition temperature between the ordered monoclinic structure of ZrMgN2 and HfMgN2 and the disordered (Zr, Mg)N and (Hf, Mg)N alloys is calculated to be approximately 800 K and 1050 K respectively. Density of State (DoS) calculations show that similar to (Ti, Mg)N, (Zr, Mg)N and (Hf, Mg)N are also semiconducting. The thermoelectric properties of both compounds are also predicted, and that in the range of a moderate change in the Fermi level, high Seebeck coefficient values at room temperature can be achieved. Finally, in order to complete the mentioned study on hypothetical ternaries, I deposited (Ti, Mg)N thin film alloys by reactive magnetron sputtering. These films, which were deposited at 400 °C, are porous and are crystallized in the rocksalt cubic structure. As-deposited films show an electrical resistivity of 150 m?cm and a Seebeck coefficient of -25 ?V/K, which shows semiconducting properties. In order to initiate a phase transformation, these films when annealed at approximately 800 °C, where nano-inclusions of a titanium/magnesium oxynitride are formed in a LiTiO2-type superstructure are identified by XRD and TEM analysis.
Book Synopsis Advanced Techniques for Surface Engineering by : W. Gissler
Download or read book Advanced Techniques for Surface Engineering written by W. Gissler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1992-10-31 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hardest requirements on a material are in general imposed at the surface: it has to be wear resistant for tools and bearings; corrosion resistant for turbine blades; antireflecting for solar cells; and it must combine several of these properties in other applications. `Surface engineering' is the general term that incorporates all the techniques by which a surface modification can be accomplished. These techniques include both the more traditional methods, such as nitriding, boriding and carburizing, and the newer ones, such as ion implantation, laser beam melting and, in particular, coating. This book comprises and compares in a unique way all these techniques of surface engineering. It is a compilation of lectures which were held by renowned scientists and engineers in the frame of the well known `EuroCourses' of the Joint Research Centre of the Commission of the European Communities. The book is principally addressed to material and surface scientists, physicists and chemists, engineers and technicians of industries and institutes where surface engineering problems arise.
Book Synopsis Technology of Gallium Nitride Crystal Growth by : Dirk Ehrentraut
Download or read book Technology of Gallium Nitride Crystal Growth written by Dirk Ehrentraut and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the important technological aspects of the growth of GaN single crystals by HVPE, MOCVD, ammonothermal and flux methods for the purpose of free-standing GaN wafer production.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Nanotechnology by : Jeremy Ramsden
Download or read book Essentials of Nanotechnology written by Jeremy Ramsden and published by Bookboon. This book was released on 2008 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Surface Engineering by : P. A. Dearnley
Download or read book Introduction to Surface Engineering written by P. A. Dearnley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-16 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly illustrated reference work covers the three principal types of surface technologies that best protect engineering devices and products: diffusion technologies, deposition technologies, and other less commonly acknowledged surface engineering (SE) techniques. Various applications are noted throughout the text and additionally whole chapters are devoted to specific SE applications across the automotive, gas turbine engine (GTE), metal machining, and biomedical implant sectors. Along with the benefits of SE, this volume also critically examines SE's limitations. Materials degradation pathways - those which can and those which cannot be mitigated by SE - are rigorously explained. Written from a scientific, materials engineering perspective, this concise text is supported by high-quality images and photo-micrographs which show how surfaces can be engineered to overcome the limits of conventionally produced materials, even in complex or hostile operating environments. This book is a useful resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as professional engineers.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Crystal Growth by : Tom Kuech
Download or read book Handbook of Crystal Growth written by Tom Kuech and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-02 with total page 1384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume IIIA Basic TechniquesHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIIA (Basic Techniques), edited by chemical and biological engineering expert Thomas F. Kuech, presents the underpinning science and technology associated with epitaxial growth as well as highlighting many of the chief and burgeoning areas for epitaxial growth. Volume IIIA focuses on major growth techniques which are used both in the scientific investigation of crystal growth processes and commercial development of advanced epitaxial structures. Techniques based on vacuum deposition, vapor phase epitaxy, and liquid and solid phase epitaxy are presented along with new techniques for the development of three-dimensional nano-and micro-structures.Volume IIIB Materials, Processes, and TechnologyHandbook of Crystal Growth, Second Edition Volume IIIB (Materials, Processes, and Technology), edited by chemical and biological engineering expert Thomas F. Kuech, describes both specific techniques for epitaxial growth as well as an array of materials-specific growth processes. The volume begins by presenting variations on epitaxial growth process where the kinetic processes are used to develop new types of materials at low temperatures. Optical and physical characterizations of epitaxial films are discussed for both in situ and exit to characterization of epitaxial materials. The remainder of the volume presents both the epitaxial growth processes associated with key technology materials as well as unique structures such as monolayer and two dimensional materials.Volume IIIA Basic Techniques - Provides an introduction to the chief epitaxial growth processes and the underpinning scientific concepts used to understand and develop new processes. - Presents new techniques and technologies for the development of three-dimensional structures such as quantum dots, nano-wires, rods and patterned growth - Introduces and utilizes basic concepts of thermodynamics, transport, and a wide cross-section of kinetic processes which form the atomic level text of growth process Volume IIIB Materials, Processes, and Technology - Describes atomic level epitaxial deposition and other low temperature growth techniques - Presents both the development of thermal and lattice mismatched streams as the techniques used to characterize the structural properties of these materials - Presents in-depth discussion of the epitaxial growth techniques associated with silicone silicone-based materials, compound semiconductors, semiconducting nitrides, and refractory materials
Book Synopsis Micro and Nanomanufacturing by : Mark J. Jackson
Download or read book Micro and Nanomanufacturing written by Mark J. Jackson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-19 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This, the corrected second printing of Jackson’s authoritative volume on the subject, provides a comprehensive treatment of established micro and nanofabrication techniques. It addresses the needs of practicing manufacturing engineers by applying established and research laboratory manufacturing techniques to a wide variety of materials. Nanofabrication and nanotechnology present a great challenge to engineers and researchers as they manipulate atoms and molecules to produce single artifacts and submicron components and systems. The book provides up-to-date information on a number of subjects of interest to engineers who are seeking more knowledge of how nano and micro devices are designed and fabricated. They will learn about manufacturing and fabrication techniques at the micro and nanoscales; using bulk and surface micromachining techniques, and LiGA, and deep x-ray lithography to manufacture semiconductors. Also covered are subjects including producing master molds with micromachining, the deposition of thin films, pulsed water drop machining, and nanomachining.
Book Synopsis Surface and Thin Film Analysis by : Gernot Friedbacher
Download or read book Surface and Thin Film Analysis written by Gernot Friedbacher and published by Wiley-VCH. This book was released on 2011-06-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveying and comparing all techniques relevant for practical applications in surface and thin film analysis, this second edition of a bestseller is a vital guide to this hot topic in nano- and surface technology. This new book has been revised and updated and is divided into four parts - electron, ion, and photon detection, as well as scanning probe microscopy. New chapters have been added to cover such techniques as SNOM, FIM, atom probe (AP),and sum frequency generation (SFG). Appendices with a summary and comparison of techniques and a list of equipment suppliers make this book a rapid reference for materials scientists, analytical chemists, and those working in the biotechnological industry. From a Review of the First Edition (edited by Bubert and Jenett) "... a useful resource..." (Journal of the American Chemical Society)
Download or read book Silicon written by Paul Siffert and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With topics ranging from epitaxy through lattice defects and doping to quantum computation, this book provides a personalized survey of the development and use of silicon, the basis for the revolutionary changes in our lives sometimes called "The Silicon Age." Beginning with the very first developments more than 50 years ago, this reports on all aspects of silicon and silicon technology up to its use in exciting new technologies, including a glance at possible future developments.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Design by : Daniel L. Schodek
Download or read book Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Design written by Daniel L. Schodek and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How could nanotechnology not perk the interest of any designer, engineer or architect? Exploring the intriguing new approaches to design that nanotechnologies offer, Nanomaterials, Nanotechnologies and Design is set against the sometimes fantastic sounding potential of this technology. Nanotechnology offers product engineers, designers, architects and consumers a vastly enhanced palette of materials and properties, ranging from the profound to the superficial. It is for engineering and design students and professionals who need to understand enough about the subject to apply it with real meaning to their own work. - World-renowned author team address the hot-topic of nanotechnology - The first book to address and explore the impacts and opportunities of nanotech for mainstream designers, engineers and architects - Full colour production and excellent design: guaranteed to appeal to everyone concerned with good design and the use of new materials
Book Synopsis Handbook of Thin Film Technology by : Hartmut Frey
Download or read book Handbook of Thin Film Technology written by Hartmut Frey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Handbook of Thin Film Technology” covers all aspects of coatings preparation, characterization and applications. Different deposition techniques based on vacuum and plasma processes are presented. Methods of surface and thin film analysis including coating thickness, structural, optical, electrical, mechanical and magnetic properties of films are detailed described. The several applications of thin coatings and a special chapter focusing on nanoparticle-based films can be found in this handbook. A complete reference for students and professionals interested in the science and technology of thin films.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids by : Edward D. Palik
Download or read book Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids written by Edward D. Palik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 1121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook--a sequel to the widely used Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids--contains critical reviews and tabulated values of indexes of refraction (n) and extinction coefficients (k) for almost 50 materials that were not covered in the original handbook. For each material, the best known n and k values have been carefully tabulated, from the x-ray to millimeter-wave region of the spectrum by expert optical scientists. In addition, the handbook features thirteen introductory chapters that discuss the determination of n and k by various techniques.* Contributors have decided the best values for n and k* References in each critique allow the reader to go back to the original data to examine and understand where the values have come from* Allows the reader to determine if any data in a spectral region needs to be filled in* Gives a wide and detailed view of experimental techniques for measuring the optical constants n and k* Incorporates and describes crystal structure, space-group symmetry, unit-cell dimensions, number of optic and acoustic modes, frequencies of optic modes, the irreducible representation, band gap, plasma frequency, and static dielectric constant
