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Genomic Imprinting And Kinship
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Book Synopsis Genomic Imprinting and Kinship by : David Haig
Download or read book Genomic Imprinting and Kinship written by David Haig and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic imprinting allows scientists to trace genes to the parent of origin. This volume presents a collection of 13 papers by David Haig (organisimic and evolutionary biology, Harvard U.) on genomic imprinting. He argues that our paternally and maternally active genes do not work in cooperation with each other and in fact are in competition. Each paper is followed by commentary by the author, providing background information and discussing developments since its publication. Annotation copyrighted by Book News Inc., Portland, OR.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Analyses of Genomic Imprinting and Other-regarding Motivations by : Jeremy Van Cleve
Download or read book Evolutionary Analyses of Genomic Imprinting and Other-regarding Motivations written by Jeremy Van Cleve and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Epigenetics by : Renato Paro
Download or read book Introduction to Epigenetics written by Renato Paro and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access textbook leads the reader from basic concepts of chromatin structure and function and RNA mechanisms to the understanding of epigenetics, imprinting, regeneration and reprogramming. The textbook treats epigenetic phenomena in animals, as well as plants. Written by four internationally known experts and senior lecturers in this field, it provides a valuable tool for Master- and PhD- students who need to comprehend the principles of epigenetics, or wish to gain a deeper knowledge in this field. After reading this book, the student will: Have an understanding of the basic toolbox of epigenetic regulation Know how genetic and epigenetic information layers are interconnected Be able to explain complex epigenetic phenomena by understanding the structures and principles of the underlying molecular mechanisms Understand how misregulated epigenetic mechanisms can lead to disease
Download or read book Genes in Conflict written by Austin BURT and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering all species from yeast to humans, this is the first book to tell the story of selfish genetic elements that act narrowly to advance their own replication at the expense of the larger organism.
Book Synopsis From Darwin to Derrida by : David Haig
Download or read book From Darwin to Derrida written by David Haig and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-03-31 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the meaningless process of natural selection produces purposeful beings who find meaning in the world. In From Darwin to Derrida, evolutionary biologist David Haig explains how a physical world of matter in motion gave rise to a living world of purpose and meaning. Natural selection, a process without purpose, gives rise to purposeful beings who find meaning in the world. The key to this, Haig proposes, is the origin of mutable “texts”—genes—that preserve a record of what has worked in the world. These texts become the specifications for the intricate mechanisms of living beings. Haig draws on a wide range of sources—from Laurence Sterne's Tristram Shandy to Immanuel Kant's Critique of the Power of Judgment to the work of Jacques Derrida to the latest findings on gene transmission, duplication, and expression—to make his argument. Genes and their effects, he explains, are like eggs and chickens. Eggs exist for the sake of becoming chickens and chickens for the sake of laying eggs. A gene's effects have a causal role in determining which genes are copied. A gene (considered as a lineage of material copies) persists if its lineage has been consistently associated with survival and reproduction. Organisms can be understood as interpreters that link information from the environment to meaningful action in the environment. Meaning, Haig argues, is the output of a process of interpretation; there is a continuum from the very simplest forms of interpretation, instantiated in single RNA molecules near the origins of life, to the most sophisticated. Life is interpretation—the use of information in choice.
Book Synopsis The Placenta and Human Developmental Programming by : Graham J. Burton
Download or read book The Placenta and Human Developmental Programming written by Graham J. Burton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental programming is a rapidly advancing discipline of great importance to basic scientists and health professionals alike. This text integrates, for the first time, contributions from world experts to explore the role of the placenta in developmental programming. The book considers the materno-fetal supply line, and how perturbations of placental development impact on its functional capacity. Chapters examine ways in which environmental, immunological and vascular insults regulate expression of conventional and imprinted genes, along with their impact on placental shape and size, transport, metabolism and endocrine function. Research in animal models is integrated with human clinical and epidemiological data, and questions for future research are identified. Transcripts of discussions between the authors allow readers to engage with controversial issues. Essential reading for researchers in placental biology and developmental programming, as well as specialists and trainees in the wider field of reproductive medicine.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Epigenetics by : Trygve Tollefsbol
Download or read book Handbook of Epigenetics written by Trygve Tollefsbol and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-10 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Epigenetics: The New Molecular and Medical Genetics, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive analysis of epigenetics, from basic biology, to clinical application. Epigenetics is considered by many to be the new genetics in that many biological phenomena are controlled, not through gene mutations, but rather through reversible and heritable epigenetic processes. These epigenetic processes range from DNA methylation to prions. The biological processes impacted by epigenetics are vast and encompass effects in lower organisms and humans that include tissue and organ regeneration, X-chromosome inactivation, stem cell differentiation, genomic imprinting, and aging. The first edition of this important work received excellent reviews; the second edition continues its comprehensive coverage adding more current research and new topics based on customer and reader reviews, including new discoveries, approved therapeutics, and clinical trials. From molecular mechanisms and epigenetic technology, to discoveries in human disease and clinical epigenetics, the nature and applications of the science is presented for those with interests ranging from the fundamental basis of epigenetics, to therapeutic interventions for epigenetic-based disorders. Timely and comprehensive collection of fully up-to-date reviews on epigenetics that are organized into one volume and written by leading figures in the field Covers the latest advances in many different areas of epigenetics, ranging from basic aspects, to technologies, to clinical medicine Written at a verbal and technical level that can be understood by scientists and college students Updated to include new epigenetic discoveries, newly approved therapeutics, and clinical trials
Download or read book Chromosomes Today written by Ettore Olmo and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chromosomes Today, Volume 13 includes the plenary lectures presented at the 13th International Chromosome Conference, covering the most recent advances in the studies on chromosomes. The contributions in this volume were presented by some of the world's leaders in cytogenetic and molecular research and outline the present status of knowledge on the composition, structure, function and evolution of chromosomes, including, among others, the advancement of the human genome project. The use of cytogenetic studies has greatly increased in the last few years, resulting in a progressive improvement in the available methods that has consequently allowed a more detailed analysis of the molecular organization of eukaryotic chromosomes and a precise in situ localisation of specific gene sequences. This volume of Chromosomes Today provides up-to-date information regarding the topics at the forefront of chromosome research: genetic regulation, imprinting, DNA duplication, meiotic pairing, and the regulation of the...
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Social Insects by : Christopher K. Starr
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Social Insects written by Christopher K. Starr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-01-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, multi-author treatise on the social insects of the world, with some auxiliary attention to such adjacent topics as subsocial insects and social arachnids. The work is to serve as a very convenient, yet authoritative reference work on the biology and systematics of social insects of the world. This is a project of the International Union for the Study of Social Insects (IUSSI), the worldwide organizing body for the scientific study of social insects.
Book Synopsis Genomic Imprinting by : Rolf Ohlsson
Download or read book Genomic Imprinting written by Rolf Ohlsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The form and function of every living organism on the earth depends on the complex regulation of gene expression. This is carried out by controlling and interdigitating spatial and temporal patterns of gene activity during the life time of eukaryotic organisms. This is most dramatically apparent during early stages of development, when new types of cells and organs are being formed, often during very short time spans. To achieve this, it is vital that developmentally important genes can be kept in inactive or active states which are stably inherited in the soma. Indeed, it is now wellknown that the propen sity for a gene to be transcribed or silenced is stably propagated through many cell generations, even from parent to progeny. This phenomenon constitutes a type of extragenetic or epigenetic memory of cell identity and developmental potential which has been fundamental to the evolution of complex lifeforms, such as the reader of this book. This monograph focuses on a particular aspect of the epigenetic control of gene function: genomic imprinting. This defines a phenomenon where some genes or whole chromosomes can be silenced, activated, or even deleted depending on their parental origin. The impact of genomic imprinting is most clearly seen in the areas of cancer, clinical genetics, and development. Many of the processes associated with genomic imprinting can be observed in plants, yeast and man, for example, and may constitute, therefore, principles which are very conserved on an evolutionary scale.
Book Synopsis Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship by : Maximilian Holland
Download or read book Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship written by Maximilian Holland and published by Maximilian Holland. This book was released on 2012-10-26 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resolving a decades long divide between what are often held to be incommensurate paradigms, Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship unites cultural and biological approaches to social life and kinship. The synthesis is non-reductive, respecting the core tenets of both paradigms, and also incorporates psychological attachment theory into the account. Praised by adherents of both perspectives, the work provides a thorough survey of the theoretical debates and empirical findings across a wide array of disciplines, providing students of social behaviour and kinship with a rich and comprehensive resource. This work is a powerful example of how social and physical sciences can unite on equal terms, without the danger of one being subsumed by the other. Both approaches emerge stronger as a result. Scholarly Reviews * A landmark in the field of evolutionary biology, which places genetic determinism in the correct perspective. - Folia Primatologica Journal * I will be strongly recommending this book to all of my advanced undergraduates, masters and PhD students, as well as to my colleagues. Not only does it help to resolve debates that have run for many years, but it is also an outstanding example of what can be achieved by immersing oneself in literature from different fields, while retaining an intellectual openness and exercising incisive analysis... a shining example of what can be achieved when excellent scholars engage fully across disciplinary boundaries. - Acta Ethologica Journal * Maximilian Holland gets to the heart of the matter... If he had been in the debate in the 1980s then a lot of subsequent confusion could have been avoided. - Robin Fox, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology, Rutgers. NAS Member * Max Holland has demonstrated extraordinarily thorough scholarship in his exhaustive review of the often contentious discussions of kinship. He has produced a balanced synthesis melding the two approaches exemplified in the biological and sociocultural behavioral positions... This should be the definitive word on the subject. - Irwin Bernstein, Distinguished Research Professor of Primatology, Georgia * A brilliant discussion of the relationship between kinship and social bonding as understood in evolutionary biology and in sociocultural anthropology. - Kirk Endicott, Emeritus Professor of Anthropology, Dartmouth * His synthesis is lucid and effective... Holland has produced a significant work of scholarship that will be of interest to a wide swath of the anthropological community." - Critique of Anthropology Journal * A tremendously useful resource for students of kinship in anthropology, psychology and biology who are interested in looking beyond the confines of their own discipline... highly relevant for anyone interested in this exciting field. - Social Anthropology Journal * Max Holland has provided a wide-ranging and deeply-probing analysis of the influence of genetic relatedness and social context on human kinship. He argues that while genetic relatedness may play a role in the evolution of social behavior, it does not determine the forms of such behavior. His discussion is exemplary for its thoroughness, and should inspire more nuanced ventures in applying Darwinian approaches to sociocultural anthropology. - Philip Kitcher, John Dewey Professor of Philosophy, Colombia. Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences * Unlike many commentators who have tackled kinship in the context of biology, Holland takes culture seriously and deals fairly with Schneider''s arguments... This book helps to untangle a long-standing disciplinary muddle. - Richard Feinberg, Professor of Anthropology, Kent State
Book Synopsis Family Relationships by : Catherine A. Salmon
Download or read book Family Relationships written by Catherine A. Salmon and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Family Relationships' brings together leading theorists and researchers from evolutionary psychology and related disciplines to illustrate the ways in which an evolutionary perspective can inform our study and understanding of family relationships.
Book Synopsis Agents and Goals in Evolution by : Samir Okasha
Download or read book Agents and Goals in Evolution written by Samir Okasha and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samir Okasha offers a philosophical perspective on evolutionary biology in Agents and Goals in Evolution. His focus is on "agential thinking", which is a mode of thought commonly employed in evolutionary biology. The paradigm case of agential thinking involves treating an evolved organism as if it were an agent pursuing a goal, such as survival or reproduction, and treating its phenotypic traits as strategies for achieving that goal, or furthering its biological interests. Agential thinking involves deliberately transposing a set of concepts - goals, interests, strategies - from rational human agents to the biological world more generally. Okasha's enquiry begins by asking whether this is justified. Is agential thinking mere anthropomorphism, or does it play a genuine intellectual role in the science? This central question leads Okasha to a series of further questions. How do we identify the "goal" that evolved organisms will behave as if they are trying to achieve? Can agential thinking ever be applied to groups or genes, rather than to individual organisms? And how does agential thinking relate to the controversies over fitness-maximization in evolutionary biology? In the final third of the book, Okasha examines the relation between the adaptive and the rational. If organisms can validly be treated as agent-like, for the purposes of evolutionary analysis, should we expect that their evolved behaviour will correspond to the behaviour of rational agents as codified in the theory of rational choice? If so, does this mean that the fitness-maximizing paradigm of the evolutionary biologist can be mapped directly to the utility-maximizing paradigm of the rational choice theorist? Okasha explores these questions using an inter-disciplinary methodology that draws on philosophy of science, evolutionary biology and economics.
Book Synopsis Transgenerational Epigenetics by : Trygve Tollefsbol
Download or read book Transgenerational Epigenetics written by Trygve Tollefsbol and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transgenerational Epigenetics provides a comprehensive analysis of the inheritance of epigenetic phenomena between generations. Recent research points to the existence of biological phenomena that are controlled not through gene mutations, but rather through reversible and heritable epigenetic processes. Epidemiological studies have suggested that environmental factors may be heritable. In fact, environmental factors often play a role in transgenerational epigenetics, which may have selective or adverse effects on the offspring. This epigenetic information can be transferred through a number of mechanisms including DNA methylation, histone modifications or RNA and the effects can persist for multiple generations. This book examines the evolution of epigenetic inheritance, its expression in animal and plant models, and how human diseases, such as metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, appear to be affected by transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. It discusses clinical interventions in transgenerational epigenetic inheritance that may be on the horizon to help prevent diseases before the offspring are born, or to reduce the severity of diseases at the very earliest stages of development in utero, and current controversies in this area of study, as well as future directions for research. Focused discussion of metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases and longevity, which appear most affected by reversible and heritable epigenetic processes Encompasses both foundational and clinical aspects including discussions of preventative in utero therapies Covers history, future outlook, disease management and current controversies
Book Synopsis Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling by : R.J. MKinlay Gardner
Download or read book Chromosome Abnormalities and Genetic Counseling written by R.J. MKinlay Gardner and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in cytogenetics continue to crop up in wonderful ways, and we know exponentially more about chromosomes now than mere decades ago. Likewise, the necessary skills in offering genetic counseling continue to evolve. This new edition of Chromosome Abnormalities in Genetic Counseling offers a practical, up-to-date guide for the genetic counselor to marshal cytogenetic data and analysis clearly and effectively to families.
Book Synopsis Genomic Imprinting by : Jon F. Wilkins
Download or read book Genomic Imprinting written by Jon F. Wilkins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-01 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is neither to provide a basic introduction to imprinting, nor to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the field. Rather, the book covers more recent advances, drawing attention to the emerging subtleties and complexities associated with imprinted genes. Genomic imprinting refers to a recently discovered phenomenon in which the expression pattern of an allele depends on whether that allele was inherited from the mother or the father.
Book Synopsis Inclusive Fitness and Kin Selection by : Hannah Rubin
Download or read book Inclusive Fitness and Kin Selection written by Hannah Rubin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2024-04-25 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The biological world is full of phenomena that seem to run counter to Darwin's insight that natural selection can lead to the appearance of design. For instance, why do organisms in some species divide reproductive labor? The existence of non-reproducing organisms in such 'eusocial' species looks to be at odds with an evolutionary theory which posits traits exist because they help organisms survive and reproduce. What is the evolutionary advantage of an insect being distasteful to its predators? The distastefulness appears designed to deter predators, but can only affect the predator's actions when the insect is eaten; it is hard to see how such a trait could be passed on. This Element will cover the shared foundations of evolutionary explanations for these and other seemingly puzzling phenomena, focusing on the concepts of inclusive fitness and kin selection.
