Gambling The State And Society In Thailand C1800 1945

Download Gambling The State And Society In Thailand C1800 1945 full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Gambling The State And Society In Thailand C1800 1945 ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Gambling, the State and Society in Thailand, c.1800-1945

Author : James A. Warren
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135909008
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gambling, the State and Society in Thailand, c.1800-1945 by : James A. Warren

Download or read book Gambling, the State and Society in Thailand, c.1800-1945 written by James A. Warren and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the nineteenth century there was a huge increase in the level and types of gambling in Thailand. Taxes on gambling became a major source of state revenue, with the government establishing state-run lotteries and casinos in the first half of the twentieth century. Nevertheless, over the same period, a strong anti-gambling discourse emerged within the Thai elite, which sought to regulate gambling through a series of increasingly restrictive and punitive laws. By the mid-twentieth century, most forms of gambling had been made illegal, a situation that persists until today. This historical study, based on a wide variety of Thai- and English-language archival sources including government reports, legal cases and newspapers, places the criminalization of gambling in Thailand in the broader context of the country’s socio-economic transformation and the modernization of the Thai state. Particular attention is paid to how state institutions, such as the police and judiciary, and different sections of Thai society shaped and subverted the law to advance their own interests. Finally, the book compares the Thai government’s policies on gambling with those on opium use and prostitution, placing the latter in the context of an international clampdown on vice in the early twentieth century.

Thailand in the Cold War

Author : Matthew Phillips
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317704088
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Thailand in the Cold War by : Matthew Phillips

Download or read book Thailand in the Cold War written by Matthew Phillips and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thailand’s position during the Cold War was ambiguous: the country’s political leadership was very keen to maintain the country’s independence on the world stage, yet at the same time was anxious to establish the country’s credentials as staunchly anti-communist. However, as this book argues, Thailand, though never formally a client state of the United States, was very closely embedded in the Western camp through the commitment of Thailand’s cosmopolitan urban communities to developing a modern, consumerist lifestyle. Considering popular culture, including film, literature, fashion, tourism and attitudes towards Buddhism, the book shows how an ideology of consumerism and integration into a "free world" culture centred in the United States gradually took hold and became firmly established, and how this popular culture and ideology was fundamental in determining Thailand’s international political alignment.

Post-War Borneo, 1945-1950

Author : Ooi Keat Gin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134058101
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Post-War Borneo, 1945-1950 by : Ooi Keat Gin

Download or read book Post-War Borneo, 1945-1950 written by Ooi Keat Gin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines Borneo, both British Borneo – Brunei, Sarawak and North Borneo – and Dutch Borneo in the period 1945-1950. Borneo then was at the crossroads. Following the Japanese Occupation, the likely future status of the various Bornean territories was not at all clear, and the book discusses the various factions and powers, both local and international, who were contending for control in this period. It examines the effects of the Japanese surrender, the impact of the subsequent interregnum and Australian and British military administrations, the reassertion of Dutch control, the struggle for Indonesian independence, and movements for local autonomy, reassertion of ethnic rights, interests and identity. It charts developments throughout this volatile and uncertain period, up to the point at which the newly independent Republic of Indonesia emerged and a more settled period began.

Street Performers and Society in Urban Japan, 1600-1900

Author : Gerald Groemer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317409906
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Street Performers and Society in Urban Japan, 1600-1900 by : Gerald Groemer

Download or read book Street Performers and Society in Urban Japan, 1600-1900 written by Gerald Groemer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a thoroughly researched and meticulously documented study of the emergence, development, and demise of music, theatre, recitation, and dance witnessed by the populace on thoroughfares, plazas, and makeshift outdoor performance spaces in Edo/Tokyo. For some three hundred years this city was the centre of such arts, both sacred and secular. This study outlines the nature of the performances, explores the social relations which lay behind them, and reveals vast complexity: an obligation of gift-giving on the part of observers; performers who were often economic migrants fallen on hard times; relations of performance to social class; a class system much more finely gradated than the official four caste system; and institutions of professional organization and registration, enforced by government, with penalties for unregistered performers. The book discusses how performing, witnessing, and rewarding performance were closely bound up with economy, society and government, how the interaction between various groups related to socio-economic advancement, how the system of street performance reinforced social control, and how the balance between different groups shifted over time.

Public Health and National Reconstruction in Post-War Asia

Author : Liping Bu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317964462
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Public Health and National Reconstruction in Post-War Asia by : Liping Bu

Download or read book Public Health and National Reconstruction in Post-War Asia written by Liping Bu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-13 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, based on extensive original research, considers the transformation of public health systems in major East, South and Southeast Asian countries in the period following the Second World War. It examines how public health concepts, policies, institutions and practices were improved, shows how international health standards were implemented, sometimes through the direct intervention of transnational organisations, and explores how indigenous traditions and local social and cultural concerns affected developments, with, in some cases, the construction of public health systems forming an important part of nation-building in post-war and post-independence countries. Throughout, the book relates developments in public health systems to people’s health, demographic changes, and economic and social reconstruction projects.

Xinjiang and the Expansion of Chinese Communist Power

Author : Michael Dillon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317647211
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Xinjiang and the Expansion of Chinese Communist Power by : Michael Dillon

Download or read book Xinjiang and the Expansion of Chinese Communist Power written by Michael Dillon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Xinjiang, China's far northwestern province where the majority of the population are Muslim Uyghurs, was for most of its history contested territory. On the Silk Road, a region of overlapping cultures, the province was virtually independent until the late nineteenth century, nominally part of the Qing Empire, with considerable interest taken in it by the British and the Russians as part of their Great Game rivalry in Asia. Ruled by warlords in the early twentieth century, it was occupied in 1949-50 by the People's Liberation Army, since when attempts have been made to integrate the province more fully into China. This book outlines the history of Xinjiang. It focuses on the key city of Kashgar, the symbolic heart of Uighur society, drawing on a large body of records in which ordinary people provided information on the period around the communist takeover. These records provide an exceptionally rich source, showing how ordinary Uyghurs lived their everyday lives before 1949 and how those lives were affected by the arrival of the Chinese Communist Party and its army. Subjects covered by the book include Eastern Turkestan independence, regional politics, local government, the military, taxation, education and the press.

The Pacific War

Author : Christina Twomey
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317807898
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Pacific War by : Christina Twomey

Download or read book The Pacific War written by Christina Twomey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pacific War is an umbrella term that refers collectively to a disparate set of wars, however, this book presents a strong case for considering this assemblage of conflicts as a collective, singular war. It highlights the genuine thematic commonalities in the legacies of war that cohere across the Asia-Pacific and shows how the wars, both individually and collectively, wrought dramatic change to the geo-political makeup of the region. This book discusses the cultural, political and social implications of the Pacific War and engages with debates over the war’s impact, legacies, and continuing cultural resonances. Crucially, it examines the meanings and significance of the Second World War from a truly international perspective and the contributors present fascinating case studies that highlight the myriad of localised idiosyncrasies in how the Pacific War has been remembered and deployed in political contexts. The chapters trace the shared legacy that the individual wars had on demographics, culture and mobility across the Asia Pacific, and demonstrate how in the aftermath of the war political borders were transformed and new nation states emerged. The book also considers racial and sexual tensions which accompanied the arrival of both Allied and Axis personnel and their long lasting consequences, as well as the impact returning veterans and the war crime trials that followed the conflict had on societies in the region. In doing so, it succeeds in illuminating the events and issues that unfolded in the weeks, months, and indeed decades after the war. This interdisciplinary volume examines the aftermaths and legacies of war for individuals, communities, and institutions across South, Southeast, and East Asia, Oceania, and the Pacific world. As such, it will be welcomed by students and scholars of Asian history, modern history and cultural history, as well as by those interested in issues of memory and commemoration.

Thailand: History, Politics and the Rule of Law

Author : James Wise
Publisher : Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd
ISBN 13 : 981486806X
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (148 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Thailand: History, Politics and the Rule of Law by : James Wise

Download or read book Thailand: History, Politics and the Rule of Law written by James Wise and published by Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This introductory book on Thai politics and the rule of law explains why chronically unstable Thailand struggles to mediate and adjudicate its political disputes. It focuses on the continuities between the pre-1932 and post-1932 periods. Since the shift to constitutional monarchy in 1932, the power of the monarch and military has endured, the legislature, electorate and, until recently, judiciary have been comparatively powerless, and constitutions and laws have been comparatively unimportant. Historical continuities are also evident in the persistence of hierarchical thinking and ethno-nationalism, both of which have inhibited open debates about governance. And the rule of law does not always apply, owing to different principles underlying western and traditional Siamese law and the emergence of a distinctively Thai legal culture and consciousness. Thailand’s governance was re-cast ambitiously in the 1890s, 1932 and 1997. Since 1997, governing Thailand and developing Thailand’s economy have become harder. So political disputes have become more acute and the absence of a national consensus on dispute settlement mechanisms more obvious. Until governance is again re-cast, Thailand’s political instability and cycle of coups will continue.

The Transformation of the International Order of Asia

Author : Shigeru Akita
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317694848
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Transformation of the International Order of Asia by : Shigeru Akita

Download or read book The Transformation of the International Order of Asia written by Shigeru Akita and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Asia the 1950s were dominated by political decolonization and the emergence of the Cold War system, and newly independent countries were able to utilize the transformed balance of power for their own economic development through economic and strategic aid programmes. This book examines the interconnections between the transfer of power and state governance in Asia, the emergence of the Cold War, and the transfer of hegemony from the UK to the US, by focusing specifically on the historical roles of international economic aid and the autonomous response from Asian nation states in the immediate post-war context. The Transformation of the International Order of Asia offers closely interwoven perspectives on international economic and political relations from the 1950s to the 1960s, with specific focus on the Colombo Plan and related aid policies of the time. It shows how the plan served different purposes: Britain’s aim to reduce India’s wartime sterling balances in London; the quest for India’s economic independence under Jawaharlal Nehru; Japan’s regional economic assertion and its endeavour to improve its international status; Britain’s publicity policy during the reorganization of British aid policies at a time of economic crisis; and more broadly, the West’s desire to counter Soviet influence in Asia. In doing so, the chapters explore how international economic aid relations became reorganized in relation to the independent development of states in Asia during the period, and crucially, the role this transformation played in the emergence of a new international order in Asia. Drawing on a wide range of international contemporary and archival source materials, this book will be welcomed by students and scholars interested in Asian, international, and economic history, politics and development studies.

Suicide in Twentieth-Century Japan

Author : Francesca Di Marco
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317384296
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Suicide in Twentieth-Century Japan by : Francesca Di Marco

Download or read book Suicide in Twentieth-Century Japan written by Francesca Di Marco and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-29 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan’s suicide phenomenon has fascinated both the media and academics, although many questions and paradoxes embedded in the debate on suicide have remained unaddressed in the existing literature, including the assumption that Japan is a "Suicide Nation". This tendency causes common misconceptions about the suicide phenomenon and its features. Aiming to redress the situation, this book explores how the idea of suicide in Japan was shaped, reinterpreted and reinvented from the 1900s to the 1980s. Providing a timely contribution to the underexplored history of suicide, it also adds to the current heated debates on the contemporary way we organize our thoughts on life and death, health and wealth, on the value of the individual, and on gender. The book explores the genealogy and development of modern suicide in Japan by examining the ways in which beliefs about the nation’s character, historical views of suicide, and the cultural legitimation of voluntary death acted to influence even the scientific conceptualization of suicide in Japan. It thus unveils the way in which the language on suicide was transformed throughout the century according to the fluctuating relationship between suicide and the discourse on national identity, and pathological and cultural narratives. In doing so, it proposes a new path to understanding the norms and mechanisms of the process of the conceptualization of suicide itself. Filling in a critical gap in three particular fields of historical study: the history of suicide, the history of death, and the cultural history of twentieth century Japan, it will be of great interest to students and scholars of Japanese Studies and Japanese History.

Museums in China

Author : Tracey Lie Dan Lu
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134081553
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Museums in China by : Tracey Lie Dan Lu

Download or read book Museums in China written by Tracey Lie Dan Lu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the earliest museums established by Western missionaries in order to implement religious and political power, to the role they have played in the formation of the modern Chinese state, the origin and development of museums in mainland China differ significantly from those in the West. The occurrence of museums in mainland China in the late nineteenth century was primarily a result of internal and external conflicts, Westernization and colonialism, and as such they were never established solely for enjoyment and leisure. Using a historical and anthropological framework, this book provides a holistic and critical review on the establishment and development of museums in mainland China from 1840 to the present day, and shows how museums in China have been used by a wide range of social, political, and state actors for a number of economic, religious, political and ideological purposes. Indeed, Tracey L-D Lu examines the key role played by museums in reinforcing social segmentation, influencing the economy, protecting cultural heritage and the construction and enhancement of ethnic identities and nationalism, and how they have throughout their history helped the powerful to govern the less powerful or the powerless. More broadly, this book provides important comparative insights on museology and heritage management, and questions who the key stakeholders are, how museums reflect broader social and cultural changes, and the relationship between museum and heritage management. Drawing on extensive archival research and anthropological fieldwork, as well as the author’s experience working as a museum curator in mainland China in the late 1980s, Museums in China such will be of great interest to students and scholars working across museology, heritage studies, tourism studies Chinese culture and Chinese history.

International Competition in China, 1899-1991

Author : Bruce A. Elleman
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317537785
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis International Competition in China, 1899-1991 by : Bruce A. Elleman

Download or read book International Competition in China, 1899-1991 written by Bruce A. Elleman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's recent economic reforms have opened its economy to the world. This policy, however, is not new: in the late nineteenth century, the United States put forward the Open Door Policy as a counter to European exclusive 'spheres of influence' in China. This book, based on extensive original archival research, examines and re-evaluates China's Open Door Policy. It considers the policy from its inception in 1899 right through to the post-1978 reforms. It relates these changes to the various shifts in China’s international relations, discusses how decades of foreign invasion, civil war and revolution followed the destruction of the policy in the 1920s, and considers how the policy, when applied in Taiwan after 1949, and by Deng Xiaoping in mainland China after 1978, was instrumental in bringing about, respectively, Taiwan's 'economic miracle' and mainland China’s recent economic boom. The book argues that, although the policy was characterised as United States 'economic imperialism' during the Cold War, in reality it helped China retain its sovereignty and territorial integrity.

The Non-Aligned Movement and the Cold War

Author : Natasa Miskovic
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317804546
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (178 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Non-Aligned Movement and the Cold War by : Natasa Miskovic

Download or read book The Non-Aligned Movement and the Cold War written by Natasa Miskovic and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-16 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of non-alignment and peaceful coexistence was not new when Yugoslavia hosted the Belgrade Summit of the Non-Aligned in September 1961. Freedom activists from the colonies in Asia, Africa, and South America had been discussing such issues for decades already, but this long-lasting context is usually forgotten in political and historical assessments of the Non-Aligned Movement. This book puts the Non-Aligned Movement into its wider historical context and sheds light on the long-term connections and entanglements of the Afro-Asian world. It assembles scholars from differing fields of research, such as Asian Studies, Eastern European and Southeast European History, Cold War Studies, Middle Eastern Studies and International Relations. In doing so, this volume looks back to the ideological beginnings of the concept of peaceful coexistence at the time of the anticolonial movements, and at the multi-faceted challenges of foreign policy the former freedom fighters faced when they established their own decolonized states. It analyses the crucial role Yugoslav president Tito played in his determination to keep his country out of the blocs, and finally examines the main achievement of the Non-Aligned Movement: to give subordinate states of formerly subaltern peoples a voice in the international system. An innovative look at the Non-Aligned Movement with a strong historical component, the book will be of great interest to academics working in the field of International Affairs, international history of the 20th century, the Cold War, Race Relations as well as scholars interested in Asian, African and Eastern European history.

China and the First Vietnam War, 1947-54

Author : Laura M. Calkins
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134078471
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis China and the First Vietnam War, 1947-54 by : Laura M. Calkins

Download or read book China and the First Vietnam War, 1947-54 written by Laura M. Calkins and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book charts the development of the First Vietnam War – the war between the Vietnamese Communists (the Viet Minh) and the French colonial power – considering especially how relations between the Viet Minh and the Chinese Communists had a profound impact on the course of the war. It shows how the Chinese provided finance, training and weapons to the Viet Minh, but how differences about strategy emerged, particularly when China became involved in the Korean War and the subsequent peace negotiations, when the need to placate the United States and to prevent US military involvement in Southeast Asia became a key concern for the Chinese. The book shows how the Viet Minh strategy of all-out war in the north and limited guerrilla warfare in the south developed from this situation, and how the war then unfolded.

Science, Technology, and Medicine in the Modern Japanese Empire

Author : David G. Wittner
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317444361
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Science, Technology, and Medicine in the Modern Japanese Empire by : David G. Wittner

Download or read book Science, Technology, and Medicine in the Modern Japanese Empire written by David G. Wittner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, technology, and medicine all contributed to the emerging modern Japanese empire and conditioned key elements of post-war development. As the only emerging non-Western country that was a colonial power in its own right, Japan utilized these fields not only to define itself as racially different from other Asian countries and thus justify its imperialist activities, but also to position itself within the civilized and enlightened world with the advantages of modern science, technologies, and medicine. This book explores the ways in which scientists, engineers and physicians worked directly and indirectly to support the creation of a new Japanese empire, focussing on the eve of World War I and linking their efforts to later post-war developments. By claiming status as a modern, internationally-engaged country, the Japanese government was faced with having to control pathogens that might otherwise not have threatened the nation. Through the use of traditional and innovative techniques, this volume shows how the government was able to fulfil the state’s responsibility to protect society to varying degrees. Chapter 14 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF at http://www.taylorfrancis.com under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.

Macao - Cultural Interaction and Literary Representations

Author : Katrine K. Wong
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135121338
Total Pages : 201 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Macao - Cultural Interaction and Literary Representations by : Katrine K. Wong

Download or read book Macao - Cultural Interaction and Literary Representations written by Katrine K. Wong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-15 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Macao, the former Portuguese colony in southeast China from the 1550s until its return to China in 1999, has a long and very interesting history of cultural interaction between China and the West. As an entity with independent political power and a unique social setting and cultural development, the identity of Macao’s people is not only indicative of the legacy and influence of the region’s socio-historical factors and forces, but it has also been altered, transformed and maintained because of the input, action, interaction and stimulation of creative arts and literatures. Held together by racial accommodation and tolerance and active cultural interactions, Macao’s phenomenon can be characterized as hybridization. This book is a presentation of the ongoing hybridization of Macao and is in itself a hybrid, covering a wide range of issues. Putting forward substantial new research findings, the book explores the nature of cultural interaction in Macao, and how the city has been constructed and perceived through literature and other art forms. It is a companion volume to Macao – The Formation of a Global City .

Military Force and Elite Power in the Formation of Modern China

Author : Edward A. McCord
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317907795
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Military Force and Elite Power in the Formation of Modern China by : Edward A. McCord

Download or read book Military Force and Elite Power in the Formation of Modern China written by Edward A. McCord and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The China we know today emerged at the end of a long period of internal rebellions, civil wars, foreign invasions, and revolutionary insurrections that stretched across the nineteenth century to the mid-point of the twentieth. This book explores one important consequence of this situation—the increased role of military force in the determination of elite social, political, and economic power, and presents fascinating case studies of the warlords, militia leaders, and military officers who benefited from this. Examining the intersection of military force and elite power in the formative years of modern Chinese history, this book highlights just how important military force was to elite power in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century China in a context of frequent warfare and political turmoil. It shows that the way in which military empowerment unfolded and who exactly was empowered, depended heavily on shifting military and political conditions, and each case confirms the extent to which military force emerged as a consistently significant determinant of elite power across this period. Indeed, the transformative effect of military force on social and political structures of power revealed by these studies sheds distinctive light on the prevalence, and wide-ranging impact, of military conflicts in this period. In turn, these studies also provide a particular perspective on the fluid boundaries of, as well as the constraints on, elite power in Chinese society in a time of intense social and political change. This book makes an important contribution to our understanding of the rise of modern China, and provides a keen insight into impact of war on the country, as such, it will be welcomed by students and scholars interested in Chinese history, Asian history, and military history more broadly.