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Author : James Winebrake
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)
Download or read book Fuel-cycle Emissions for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Vehicles written by James Winebrake and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Fuel-cycle Emissions for Conventional and Alternative Fuel Vehicles written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark L. Poulton
Publisher : WIT Press (UK)
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Alternative Fuels for Road Vehicles written by Mark L. Poulton and published by WIT Press (UK). This book was released on 1994 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The many alternative fuels that have been reviewed in this book are likely to be of great interest to a broad readership, not only to mechanical, petrochemical and transportation engineers, but anyone with a technical association with the subject. The book covers fuels for the motor vehicle and how they may develop and change in the future. Prospects for conventional petrol and diesel fuels are discussed, including their reformulation, as well as synthetic fuels, vegetable oils and other biofuels, alcohols, gases (LPG, natural gas and hydrogen) and electricity." "This book has been published as a consequence of a programme of study, commissioned by the Chief Mechanical Engineer's Office at the UK Department of Transport, into the contribution of the road vehicle to global warming. A programme of research was placed with the Environment Centre of the Transport Research Laboratory, and one of the individual projects was to investigate the future prospects for conventional and alternative fuels for road vehicles. Implications for the energy and emissions from the whole fuel cycle (from production to distribution and final usage) were considered, but, more importantly, the vehicular fuel consumption (and consequent carbon dioxide emissions) and exhaust emission characteristics were the primary focus of attention." "The structure of this book is such that each chapter describes a particular alternative fuel and is completely self-contained. The reader will be able to cover a particular subject that is of interest without having to refer to other chapters to gain a full understanding of the fuel's characteristics, notable developments and demonstration programmes underway worldwide. One chapter (chapter 10) does provide an overview and inter-comparison of all the fuels discussed, including point-of-use and life cycle emissions, global warming impacts, fuel storage implications and likely costs." "Future advances in conventional engines and the development of alternative power units are discussed in the companion volume to this book, Alternative Engines for Road Vehicles. The future prospects for a range of engines, including conventional petrol and diesel-fuelled units (covering technologies such as two-stroke, lean burn and stratified charge), the rotary engine, gas turbine, Stirling, Rankine (steam engine) and hybrids are assessed for their potential to reduce vehicle emissions and improve fuel economy. Other less well known concepts such as catalytic combustion, the Quadratic (beam) engine, stepped piston and other engine efficiency techniques are also reviewed." --Book Jacket.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Full Fuel Cycle Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study determines the energy inputs, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, criteria pollutant emissions, air toxics emissions, and multimedia impacts from the production and end use of a variety of conventional and alternative fuels that are considered options for on road vehicle and off road equipment applications in California.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309268524
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a century, almost all light-duty vehicles (LDVs) have been powered by internal combustion engines operating on petroleum fuels. Energy security concerns about petroleum imports and the effect of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on global climate are driving interest in alternatives. Transitions to Alternative Vehicles and Fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and GHG emissions by 80 percent across the U.S. LDV fleet by 2050, relative to 2005. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and non-petroleum-based fuel technology as options that could significantly contribute to these goals. By analyzing scenarios that combine various fuel and vehicle pathways, the report also identifies barriers to implementation of these technologies and suggests policies to achieve the desired reductions. Several scenarios are promising, but strong, and effective policies such as research and development, subsidies, energy taxes, or regulations will be necessary to overcome barriers, such as cost and consumer choice.
Download or read book History of Discoveries ... Arts written by and published by . This book was released on 17?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 29 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (683 download)
Download or read book Fuel-cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions Impacts of Alternative Transportation Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At an international conference on global warming, held in Kyoto, Japan, in December 1997, the United States committed to reduce its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 7% over its 1990 level by the year 2012. To help achieve that goal, transportation GHG emissions need to be reduced. Using Argonne's fuel-cycle model, I estimated GHG emissions reduction potentials of various near- and long-term transportation technologies. The estimated per-mile GHG emissions results show that alternative transportation fuels and advanced vehicle technologies can help significantly reduce transportation GHG emissions. Of the near-term technologies evaluated in this study, electric vehicles; hybrid electric vehicles; compression-ignition, direct-injection vehicles; and E85 flexible fuel vehicles can reduce fuel-cycle GHG emissions by more than 25%, on the fuel-cycle basis. Electric vehicles powered by electricity generated primarily from nuclear and renewable sources can reduce GHG emissions by 80%. Other alternative fuels, such as compressed natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas, offer limited, but positive, GHG emission reduction benefits. Among the long-term technologies evaluated in this study, conventional spark ignition and compression ignition engines powered by alternative fuels and gasoline- and diesel-powered advanced vehicles can reduce GHG emissions by 10% to 30%. Ethanol dedicated vehicles, electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and fuel-cell vehicles can reduce GHG emissions by over 40%. Spark ignition engines and fuel-cell vehicles powered by cellulosic ethanol and solar hydrogen (for fuel-cell vehicles only) can reduce GHG emissions by over 80%. In conclusion, both near- and long-term alternative fuels and advanced transportation technologies can play a role in reducing the United States GHG emissions.
Author : T.J. Lah
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1447362594
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (473 download)
Download or read book Policy Analysis in South Korea written by T.J. Lah and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2023-02-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The industrialisation and modernisation in South Korea that followed the Second World War resulted in rapid progress in economic development, public administration, social service provision and the establishment of modern public policy. Bringing together outstanding researchers, this book is the first to examine the theory and practice of policy analysis in South Korea. The volume explores the historical development of policy analysis, and procedures for decision making at different levels of government. Drawing on case studies, contributors consider the issues and players that affect executive and legislative branch policy analysis, as well as policy design and analysis in the public arena and the shifting role of policy and research institutes, think tanks and post-secondary institutions.
Author : Patrick E. Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 544 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (763 download)
Download or read book Measuring the Distribution of Equity in Terms of Energy, Environmental, and Economic Costs in the Fuel Cycles of Alternative Fuel Vehicles with Hydrogen Pathway Scenarios written by Patrick E. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309155800
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Hidden Costs of Energy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the many benefits of energy, most of which are reflected in energy market prices, the production, distribution, and use of energy causes negative effects. Many of these negative effects are not reflected in energy market prices. When market failures like this occur, there may be a case for government interventions in the form of regulations, taxes, fees, tradable permits, or other instruments that will motivate recognition of these external or hidden costs. The Hidden Costs of Energy defines and evaluates key external costs and benefits that are associated with the production, distribution, and use of energy, but are not reflected in market prices. The damage estimates presented are substantial and reflect damages from air pollution associated with electricity generation, motor vehicle transportation, and heat generation. The book also considers other effects not quantified in dollar amounts, such as damages from climate change, effects of some air pollutants such as mercury, and risks to national security. While not a comprehensive guide to policy, this analysis indicates that major initiatives to further reduce other emissions, improve energy efficiency, or shift to a cleaner electricity generating mix could substantially reduce the damages of external effects. A first step in minimizing the adverse consequences of new energy technologies is to better understand these external effects and damages. The Hidden Costs of Energy will therefore be a vital informational tool for government policy makers, scientists, and economists in even the earliest stages of research and development on energy technologies.
Author : Stefan Unnasch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Refinement of Selected Fuel-cycle Emissions Analyses written by Stefan Unnasch and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pierre Duret
Publisher : Editions TECHNIP
ISBN 13 : 9782710808510
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Which Fuels for Low CO2 Engines? written by Pierre Duret and published by Editions TECHNIP. This book was released on 2004 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout the world, research and development in the field of vehicle transportation is increasingly focusing on engine and fuel combinations. The conventional and alternative fuels of the future are seen as fundamental to the development of a new generation of internal combustion engines that attain low well-to-wheel CO2 emissions along with near-zero pollutant emissions. These issues were debated during an international conference whose proceedings are presented in this book. This international conference attracted specialists in the field, including participants from universities, research centres and industry.Contents : Future of liquid fuels, Engine and fuel-related issues in HCCI & CAI combustion, Energy conversion in engines from natural gas, Use of hydrogen in IC engines, Which fuels for low CO2 engines?
Author : Fred Schäfer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 370913806X
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Reduced Emissions and Fuel Consumption in Automobile Engines written by Fred Schäfer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last several years, there has been much discussion on the interrelation of CO2 emissions with the global warming phenomenon. This in turn has increased pressure to develop and produce more fuel efficient engines and vehicles. This is the central topic of this book. It covers the underlying processes which cause pollutant emissions and the possibilities of reducing them, as well as the fuel consumption of gasoline and diesel engines, including direct injection diesel engines. As well as the engine-related causes of pollution, which is found in the raw exhaust, there is also a description of systems and methods for exhaust post treatment. The significant influence of fuels and lubricants (both conventional and alternative fuels) on emission behavior is also covered. In addition to the conventional gasoline and diesel engines, lean-burn and direct injection gasoline engines and two-stroke gasoline and diesel engines are included. The potential for reducing fuel consumption and pollution is described as well as the related reduction of CO2 emissions. Finally, a detailed summary of the most important laws and regulations pertaining to pollutant emissions and consumption limits is presented. This book is intended for practising engineers involved in research and applied sciences as well as for interested engineering students.
Author : Richard Folkson
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323909795
Total Pages : 798 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)
Download or read book Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance written by Richard Folkson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-07-29 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance: Towards Zero Carbon Transportation, Second Edition provides a comprehensive view of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector. Sections consider the role of alternative fuels such as electricity, alcohol and hydrogen fuel cells, as well as advanced additives and oils in environmentally sustainable transport. Other topics explored include methods of revising engine and vehicle design to improve environmental performance and fuel economy and developments in electric and hybrid vehicle technologies. This reference will provide professionals, engineers and researchers of alternative fuels with an understanding of the latest clean technologies which will help them to advance the field. Those working in environmental and mechanical engineering will benefit from the detailed analysis of the technologies covered, as will fuel suppliers and energy producers seeking to improve the efficiency, sustainability and accessibility of their work. Provides a fully updated reference with significant technological advances and developments in the sector Presents analyses on the latest advances in electronic systems for emissions control, autonomous systems, artificial intelligence and legislative requirements Includes a strong focus on updated climate change predictions and consequences, helping the reader work towards ambitious 2050 climate change goals for the automotive industry
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309373913
Total Pages : 812 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 812 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Author : Alexandra B. Klass
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book Life Cycle Analysis and Transportation Energy written by Alexandra B. Klass and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As government actors and the private sector attempt to de-carbonize the economy, the role of life cycle analysis (also know as life cycle assessment or “LCA”) has become increasingly important. In this essay, we explore the use of life cycle analysis in the transportation sector to assess its influence in federal and state policy efforts to move to a low carbon energy future. We first define life cycle analysis and explain its use in evaluating the environmental impacts of all stages of a product, from production, to use, to disposal. We then review the use of life cycle analysis in considering the carbon emissions associated with different types of biofuels, primarily ethanol, which now makes up 10% of every gallon of gasoline sold in the United States as a result of federal mandates. This evaluation shows that life cycle analysis for ethanol has undermined many of the basic premises federal policymakers relied upon to enact significant mandates and, for many years, major tax benefits, to promote the production and use of ethanol for transportation fuel. We then discuss the increasing application of life cycle analysis to electric vehicles (EVs), which compares the GHG emissions associated with the production, use, and disposal of EVs with conventional automobiles, and evaluates the source of electricity used to power EVs in different parts of the country. Not surprisingly, the lifecycle GHG emissions associated with an EV driven in California, where electricity is generated primarily by natural gas and renewable energy, are far lower than the GHG emissions associated with an EV driven in West Virginia, which relies almost exclusively on coal-fired electricity. We conclude by reflecting on the ways life cycle analysis can be used effectively to guide policymakers to incentivize the development of environmentally beneficial products and technologies. For instance, if today's life cycle analysis had been used to evaluate corn ethanol in the 1990s and early 2000s, policymakers may have paused before creating the significant incentives and mandates that exist today and that are now very difficult to eliminate. At the same time, however, there are risks in relying too heavily on life cycle analysis when information gaps exist in comparing alternative fuels and vehicles with traditional fuels and vehicles. Such information gaps may result in creating disincentives for potentially beneficial new products and technologies that, with sufficient support, may be critical to meeting de-carbonization goals in the transportation sector and the economy as a whole.
Author : E. M. Goodger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book Transport Fuels Technology written by E. M. Goodger and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transport is fundamental for today's lifestyles. Speed and reliability demand powered propulsion, which is why suitable fuels are so vital. This volume contains preliminary reviews of the basic sciences, followed by in-depth discussions of the sources, processing, properties, handling, combustion performance, and emissions of both conventional and alternative fuel types. It concludes with a reasoned assessment of transport prospects for the future. 8 Chapters Cover: **Hydrocarbon Chemistry**--outlines the configurations of the various groups of hydrocarbon molecules, illustrating the structural bonding involved and demonstrating the influence of these factors on fuel properties and reactions. **Engineering Thermodynamics**--details the construction of cyclic processes that can be followed by gases in order to accept heat and then convert a substantial proportion of it to mechanical work. **Combustion Principles**--examines the principles underpinning combustion processes and the concept of flammability. **Conventional Fuels**--discusses conventional fuels such as gasoline for spark-ignition piston engines; kerosine for gas turbine engines in large aircraft; gas oil for high-speed compression ignition piston engines; diesel fuel and residual fuel for low-speed compression-ignition engines in ships and for the generation of electrical power; and coal in regard to its use in power stations and its potential for conversion to liquids. **Combustion Performance**--draws together the main features of the first three basic chapters by illustrating the combustion performance of fuels burnt in heat engines. **Alternative Fuels**--examines the remaining lifetimes of the major hydrocarbon sources, such as petroleum, natural gas and coal. It also outlines the manufacture, properties, and performance of various alternative fuels. **Overview of Conventional Fuels**--provides a review of the conventional fuels used in various sectors of light vehicle transport, motor racing, aerospace, fleet operation and rail transport, and the marine world. **Global Issues Affecting Transport**--presents methods of energy prediction that reflect the dynamics of global supply and the influence of new technologies. Transport Fuels Technology: Mobility for the Millennium
