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Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre

Author : Omar Arias
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464815763
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre by : Omar Arias

Download or read book Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d'équilibre written by Omar Arias and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-10-08 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Malgré la forte croissance économique que l’Afrique subsaharienne a connue ces vingt dernières années, les niveaux de transformation économique, de réduction de la pauvreté et de développement des compétences dans cette partie du monde sont bien inférieurs à ceux des autres régions. Des investissements judicieux dans le développement des compétences, en accord avec les objectifs politiques de croissance de la productivité, d’inclusion et d’adaptabilité, peuvent aider à accélérer la transformation économique de la région subsaharienne au XXIe siècle. L’augmentation de la population en âge de travailler en Afrique subsaharienne constitue une réelle chance d’accroître la prospérité collective. Les pays de la région ont investi massivement dans le développement des compétences†‰; les dépenses publiques consacrées à l’éducation ont été multipliées par sept au cours des 30 dernières années, et le nombre d’enfants scolarisés est aujourd’hui plus élevé que jamais. Pourtant, les systèmes d’éducation de cette population n’ont pas donné les résultats escomptés, et ces insuffisances entravent considérablement les perspectives économiques. Dans la moitié des pays, moins de deux enfants sur trois terminent l’école primaire, et encore moins atteignent des niveaux supérieurs d’enseignement et obtiennent un diplôme. Les acquis d’apprentissage demeurent faibles, ce qui entraîne des lacunes dans les compétences cognitives de base telles que la lecture, l’écriture et le calcul, aussi bien chez les enfants, les jeunes que les adultes. Le taux d’alphabétisation de la population adulte est inférieur à 50 % dans de nombreux pays†‰; la part des adultes sachant lire, écrire et compter de manière fonctionnelle est encore plus faible. Une réforme du système est nécessaire pour réaliser des progrès significatifs. De multiples agences aux niveaux national et local sont impliquées dans les stratégies de développement des compétences, faisant des compétences «†‰le problème de tous, mais la responsabilité de personne†‰». Les politiques et les réformes doivent permettre de renforcer les capacités des politiques qui ont fait leurs preuves et d’instaurer des mesures incitatives visant à faire converger le comportement de tous les acteurs dans la poursuite des objectifs de développement des compétences au niveau national. Le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne, un exercice d’équilibre. Investir dans les compétences pour la productivité, l’inclusion et l’adaptabilité présente des données qui éclaireront les choix stratégiques des pays en matière d’investissements dans les compétences. Chaque chapitre aborde un ensemble de questions spécifiques, en s’appuyant sur une analyse originale et sur une synthèse des travaux existants pour explorer les domaines principaux : • comment les compétences appropriées à chaque étape du cycle de vie sont-elles acquises et quelles défaillances du marché et des institutions affectent le développement des compétences†‰; • quels systèmes sont nécessaires pour que les individus aient accès à ces compétences, notamment les investissements consentis par les familles, les institutions du secteur privé, les écoles et autres programmes publics†‰; • comment ces systèmes peuvent-ils être renforcés†‰; • comment les personnes les plus vulnérables, à savoir celles qui ne font pas partie des systèmes standards et qui n’ont pas réussi à acquérir des compétences essentielles, peuvent-elles être soutenues. Les pays de la région seront souvent confrontés à des arbitrages difficiles qui auront des effets distributifs et influeront sur leur trajectoire de développement. Des dirigeants engagés, des efforts conjoints de réforme et des politiques bien coordonnées sont essentiels pour aborder le délicat exercice d’équilibre que représente le développement des compétences en Afrique subsaharienne.

Plant Development

Author : Robert Lyndon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401179794
Total Pages : 303 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Development by : Robert Lyndon

Download or read book Plant Development written by Robert Lyndon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of plant development in recent years has often been concerned with the effects of the environment and the possible involvement of growth substances. The prevalent belief that plant growth substances are crucial to plant development has tended to obscure rather than to clarify the underlying cellular mechanisms of development. The aim in this book is to try to focus on what is currently known, and what needs to be known, in order to explain plant development in terms that allow further experimentation at the cellular and molecular levels. We need to know where and at what level in the cell or organ the critical processes controlling development occur. Then, we will be better able to under stand how development is controlled by the genes, whether directly by the continual production of new gene transeripts or more indirectly by the genes merely defining self-regulating systems that then function autonomously. This book is not a survey of the whole of plant development but is meant to concentrate on the possible component cellular and molecular processes involved. Consequently, a basic knowledge of plant structure is assumed. The facts of plant morphogenesis can be obtained from the books listed in the General Reading seetion at the end of Chapter 1. Although references are not cited specifically in the text, the key references for each section are denoted by superscript numbers and listed in the Notes section at the end of each chapter.

Somitogenesis, Part 2

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080494382
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Somitogenesis, Part 2 by :

Download or read book Somitogenesis, Part 2 written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-01-10 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters contained in this two-volume set provide a broad perspective on the novel strategies and conceptual paradigms that drive the current resurgence of interest in somitogenesis - the process by which somites form and elaborate differentiated tissues and structures. Because somites are a ubiquitous feature of vertebrate embryos, they can be studied in a variety of experimental animal models including those amenable to genetic (zebrafish, mammalian), molecular/genetic (mammalian, avian) as well as those already well established for classical experimental embryological and cell biological studies (amphibians, avian). The wide variety of experimental approaches to somitogenesis that are presented in these volumes will leave the reader with a broad perspective on how current research in somitogenesis is helping to solve fundamental questions in vertebrate development and morphogenesis. - Novel transcriptional mechanisms that control repetitive pattern formation - Wide-scale genetic screens for mutations affecting somitogenesis - Molecular/genetic control of pattern and tissue formation during somitogenesis - Transplantation of mouse embryo somites - Classical embryological approaches and concepts - Evolutionary perspectives on somitogenesis

The Neural Crest and Neural Crest Cells in Vertebrate Development and Evolution

Author : Brian K. Hall
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387098461
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neural Crest and Neural Crest Cells in Vertebrate Development and Evolution by : Brian K. Hall

Download or read book The Neural Crest and Neural Crest Cells in Vertebrate Development and Evolution written by Brian K. Hall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-28 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A presentation of all aspects of neural crest cell origins (embryological and evolutionary) development and evolution; neural crest cell behavior (migration) and anomalies (neurocristopathies and birth defects) that arise from defective neural crest development. The treatment of development will include discussions of cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of the differentiation and morphogenesis of neural crest cells and structures derived from neural crest cells. The origins of the neural crest in embryology will be discussed using the recent information on the molecular basis of the specification of the neural crest. Also presented are the advances in our understanding of the evolution of jaws from studies on lampreys and of the neural crest from studies on ascidians and amphioxus.

International Co-operation for Habitat and Urban Development Directory of Non-governmental Organisations in OECD Countries

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264062149
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis International Co-operation for Habitat and Urban Development Directory of Non-governmental Organisations in OECD Countries by : OECD

Download or read book International Co-operation for Habitat and Urban Development Directory of Non-governmental Organisations in OECD Countries written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1997-12-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This specialised Directory provides information on over 1 700 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) active in the field of habitat and urban development.

Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018

Author : POUR
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464813191
Total Pages : 522 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018 by : POUR

Download or read book Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018 written by POUR and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chaque annee, le Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde de la Banque mondiale met en vedette un sujet d'importance capitale pour le developpement mondial. Le Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018 - APPRENDRE pour realiser la promesse de l'education - est le premier consacre integralement a l'education. Et le moment s'y prete particulierement : l'education a toujours ete essentielle au bien-etre de l'etre humain, mais elle l'est plus encore en cette periode de rapides mutations economiques et sociales. Le meilleur moyen de preparer les enfants et les jeunes a l'avenir est de placer l'apprentissage au centre de toutes les interventions de promotion de l'education. Le Rapport sur le developpement dans le monde 2018 aborde quatre themes majeurs :La promesse de l'education. L'education est un levier important pour eradiquer la pauvrete et promouvoir une prosperite partagee. Mais pour qu'elle puisse realiser ce potentiel, il faut ameliorer les politiques - a l'interieur comme en dehors du systeme educatif.La necessite de mettre l'apprentissage en lumiere. En depit des progres accomplis en matiere d'acces a l'education, les recentes evaluations des acquis scolaires revelent que de nombreux jeunes a travers le monde, particulierement ceux qui sont issus des couches pauvres ou marginalisees de la population, quittent l'ecole sans avoir acquis ne seraient-ce que les competences necessaires a la vie. En meme temps, des evaluationsscolaires comparables sur le plan international montrent que les competences disponibles dans de nombreux pays a revenu intermediaire sont nettement inferieures a ce que ces pays ambitionnent. Et trop souvent, ces lacunes sont cachees - par consequent, pour faire face a la crise de l'apprentissage, il est crucial de commencer par la mettre en lumiere en ameliorant l'evaluation des acquis des eleves.Comment mettre l'ecole au service de l'ensemble des apprenants ? Les travaux de recherche sur le cerveau, l'innovation pedagogique et la gestion des etablissements scolaires, entre autres, ont identifie des interventions qui favorisent l'apprentissage en faisant en sorte que les apprenants soient mieux prepares, que les enseignants soient a la fois competents et motives, et que d'autres moyens soient mis en oeuvre pour soutenir larelation entre l'enseignant et l'apprenant.Comment faire en sorte que le systeme favorise l'apprentissage ? Pour realiser les objectifs d'apprentissage a travers le systeme educatif dans son ensemble, il ne suffit pas de transposer a plus grande echelle les interventions efficaces. Les pays doivent aussi surmonter des obstacles techniques et politiques en ayant recours a des outils de mesure et indicateurs suffisamment parlants pour mobiliser les acteurs concernes etsuivre les progres, en formant des coalitions au service de l'apprentissage et en adoptant une approche de reforme evolutive.

Global Review of Training Funds

Author : UNESCO
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9231005642
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Review of Training Funds by : UNESCO

Download or read book Global Review of Training Funds written by UNESCO and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-12 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bryophyte Development

Author : R. N. Chopra
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429522703
Total Pages : 309 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Bryophyte Development by : R. N. Chopra

Download or read book Bryophyte Development written by R. N. Chopra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in 1990: With the accumulation of knowledge in the newer areas of investigations and the increasing degree of specialization, the most satisfactory way of bringing together authentic information in one volume is to invite the specialists in each area to contribute.

External Factors Affecting Growth and Development / Aussenfaktoren in Wachstum und Entwicklung

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662112094
Total Pages : 975 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (621 download)

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Book Synopsis External Factors Affecting Growth and Development / Aussenfaktoren in Wachstum und Entwicklung by :

Download or read book External Factors Affecting Growth and Development / Aussenfaktoren in Wachstum und Entwicklung written by and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 975 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

New Approaches in Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Development

Author : Juan Pascual-Anaya
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889760537
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis New Approaches in Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Development by : Juan Pascual-Anaya

Download or read book New Approaches in Chordate and Vertebrate Evolution and Development written by Juan Pascual-Anaya and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-05-05 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Rural Development

Author : Malcolm Moseley
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446235947
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Rural Development by : Malcolm Moseley

Download or read book Rural Development written by Malcolm Moseley and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: `Malcolm Moseley makes an impressive job of "cutting through the cackle" and has produced a definitive catch-all volume to inform students, practitioners, community activists and local decision makers alike.... The book is transparently and logically laid out.... From a personal perspective as community activist and local authority member, I found the book invaluable. Here were satisfying definitions of terms I have grappled with for years - "rural", "community", "sustainable", "social capital", "capacity building", "the leaky bucket". Here also were some outstanding examples of good practice... In sum, this is a rural community development painting by numbers in the hands of an old master, well worth around £20 of investment′ - The Rural Digest Advocating the fundamental need for an innovative and holistic approach to rural development, Rural Development: Principles and Practice demonstrates and explains, whilst seeking to improve, the mechanisms for planning, managing and financing rural development at the local level. This book is structured in terms of the key concepts of this field: sustainability, innovation, adding value, entrepreneurship, community, social inclusion, accessibility, partnership, community involvement, diagnosis, strategic planning, implementation and evaluation. Each is then placed into a practical context by two illustrative case studies related to development in rural Europe, the initiatives of which the author was either personally involved in or had personal knowledge. The first director of ACRE (the national voluntary organisation committed to promoting the vitality of England′s villages and small towns and to improving the quality of life of their disadvantaged residents), Malcolm Moseley is a researcher, teacher and consultant in the European Union′s `LEADER Rural Development Programme′ and the Countryside and Community Research Unit of the University of Gloucestershire. The author draws from this wealth of personal experience with the aim of providing activists, practitioners and specialists, as well as students, a concise and operational text which links the theory and practice of undertaking locally focused rural development. As such, Rural Development: Principles and Practice is essential reading for all interested or actively involved in local rural development issues.

Renforcer les compétences au Cameroun

Author : Shobhana Sosale
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464807655
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Renforcer les compétences au Cameroun by : Shobhana Sosale

Download or read book Renforcer les compétences au Cameroun written by Shobhana Sosale and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-10-24 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cameroon has strong goals for its growth and development. By 2035, it aims to be an emerging economy. The country s medium-term goals are focused on alleviating poverty, consolidating democracy, and achieving national unity while respecting diversity. This report contributes substantively to the Government s vision on Strategy for Growth and Employment, putting human development and employment at center stage. Cameroon faces three main challenges: Developing more robust formal and informal employment opportunities by strengthening human development. Increasing productivity in agriculture, mining, and key value chains (timber, tourism, and information and communication technology). Advancing growth by investing in infrastructure and improving the business climate and regional integration. The Strategy sets a target for reducing underemployment from 76 percent of the workforce to 50 by 2020 by creating tens of thousands of formal jobs. But based on results from the first two years of its implementation, the strategy is far from achieving that target. This report is meant to support Cameroon s efforts to build the skills of its workers. This report reaches conclusions and offers policy recommendations to answer six questions: What has been the trajectory of Cameroon s economic growth? Which sectors have contributed to growth? What jobs are being created? What types of skills are being used in the sectors where the highest percentages of the population are employed? What are the demand and supply barriers to skills? Which policies and institutions are in play? Are they sufficient? What needs to or could be reformed? Cameroon has good prospects for moving to middle-income status. It can create a more dynamic, responsive workforce. But a new strategy is required. It can be done.This report proposes new directions and provides recommendations. Outcomes are expected. Work has never been easy. But many have been working and Cameroon can work."

International Catalogue of Scientific Literature [1901-14].

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis International Catalogue of Scientific Literature [1901-14]. by :

Download or read book International Catalogue of Scientific Literature [1901-14]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 1156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Catalogue of Scientific Literature

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 948 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis International Catalogue of Scientific Literature by :

Download or read book International Catalogue of Scientific Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Heart Development

Author : Richard P. Harvey
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780123298607
Total Pages : 574 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (986 download)

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Book Synopsis Heart Development by : Richard P. Harvey

Download or read book Heart Development written by Richard P. Harvey and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors. -- Preface. -- C. Seidman, Introduction. -- I. Origins and Early Morphogenesis: -- P.P.L. Tam and G.C. Schoenwolf, Cardiac Fate Maps: Lineage Allocation, Morphogenetic Movement, and Cell Commitment. -- T. Mikawa, Cardiac Lineages. -- II. Cardiac Induction: -- T.J. Mohun and L.M. Leong, Heart Formation and the Heart Field in Amphibian Embryos. -- T.M. Schultheiss and A.B. Lassar, Vertebrate Heart Induction. -- III. Genetic Dissection of Heart Development: -- R. Bodmer and M. Frasch, Genetic Determination in Drosophilia Heart Development. -- J. Alexander and D.Y.R. Stainier, Mutations Affecting Cardiac Development in Zebrafish. -- R.P. Harvey, C. Biben, and D.A. Elliott, Transcriptional Control and Pattern Formation in the Developing Vertebrate Heart: Studies on NK-2 Class Homeodomain Factors. -- B.L. Black and E.N. Olson, Control of Cardiac Development by the Family of MEF2 Transcription Factors. -- D. Srivastava, Segmental Regulation of Cardiac Development by the Basic He ...

Aperçu Des Moyens de Formation Pour Le Développement Industriel

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Download or read book Aperçu Des Moyens de Formation Pour Le Développement Industriel written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Proceedings of the General Conference on the Planning of Archival Development in the Third World / Actes de la Conference Générale sur la Planification du Développement des Archives dans le Tiers-Monde

Download Proceedings of the General Conference on the Planning of Archival Development in the Third World / Actes de la Conference Générale sur la Planification du Développement des Archives dans le Tiers-Monde PDF Online Free

Author : Wilhelm Lenz
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3111680517
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of the General Conference on the Planning of Archival Development in the Third World / Actes de la Conference Générale sur la Planification du Développement des Archives dans le Tiers-Monde by : Wilhelm Lenz

Download or read book Proceedings of the General Conference on the Planning of Archival Development in the Third World / Actes de la Conference Générale sur la Planification du Développement des Archives dans le Tiers-Monde written by Wilhelm Lenz and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-06-12 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: