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Foraging Activity And Colony Thermoregulation Of The Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Following Exposure To The Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos
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Book Synopsis Foraging Activity and Colony Thermoregulation of the Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Following Exposure to the Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos by : Matt Hayward
Download or read book Foraging Activity and Colony Thermoregulation of the Honey Bee Apis Mellifera Following Exposure to the Organophosphate Pesticide Chlorpyrifos written by Matt Hayward and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Honey Bee Health by : Stephanie Parreira
Download or read book Effects of Pesticide Exposure on Honey Bee Health written by Stephanie Parreira and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are responsible for approximately $17 billion in crop production per year in the United States, and are arguably the most important pollinators in the nation. The future of crop pollination and production is threatened by widespread national honey bee colony losses, which have averaged approximately 30% per year over the past decade. Many factors contribute to colony mortality, but the particular impacts of pesticides are still poorly understood. Here, we investigated the impacts of pesticides under conditions that have not been examined in previous research. Our research focused on the effects of an interaction between the neonicotinoid imidacloprid and the fungicide chlorothalonil, and effects of exposure through multiple routes. To understand the potential impacts of pesticide interactions, we exposed whole colonies to imidacloprid, chlorothalonil, or combination of both chemicals through a pollen diet for one month. We found that many of our response variables were unaffected by our treatments, and that outliers influenced the outcome of several analyses. Brood area and prophenoloxidase activity were significantly affected by different treatments when outliers were excluded, although these differences were no longer significant after the multiple comparisons confidence interval adjustment. Similarly, the number of non-pollen foragers returning to the colonies was affected by the interaction between imidacloprid and time, chlorothalonil and time, and both chemicals and time, when outliers were removed. The interactions indicated that seven weeks after the end of the exposure period, both imidacloprid and chlorothalonil reduced the number of non-pollen foragers returning to the colonies. Imidacloprid and chlorothalonil also reduced the number of total foragers returning to the colonies overall. Our results indicate that colonies may be affected by pesticide exposure long after the exposure period, and that bees exposed to pesticides early in life may be detrimentally affected by that exposure at later stages. To determine whether pesticide exposure through multiple routes has a greater effect on bees than single-route exposure, we conducted a laboratory experiment in which we exposed bees to imidacloprid through pollen diet, sugar syrup, or both routes. We found that exposure through sugar syrup increased the midgut proteolytic enzyme activity overall, as well as glucose oxidase activity after four weeks of exposure. Exposure through sugar syrup, as well as exposure through both routes, increased glucose oxidase activity when outliers were included and excluded from the analysis, respectively. Mortality differed significantly between bees exposed to imidacloprid through sugar syrup and those exposed through both matrices, but none of the treatments were significantly different from the control group. We also found that bees in different treatment groups consumed different amounts of sugar syrup and pollen. Our results indicate the importance of conducting laboratory experiments that better reflect field-realistic pesticide exposure by both incorporating effects over a longer period of exposure, and exposure through multiple routes. In summary, our results provide new knowledge and insights on how pesticides impact long-term colony health. Future research must thoroughly examine statistical procedures, outliers, and statistical power, and must also determine interactions between pesticides and pathogens under different conditions, such as different types of pesticide application, honey bee subspecies, nutritional conditions, season, etc. Discerning the variability in results when these conditions vary will provide a fuller understanding of the true impacts of pesticides on colony health.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Carbon Microparticles to Protect Bees Against Potential Pesticide Risks by : Saffet Sansar
Download or read book Investigation of Carbon Microparticles to Protect Bees Against Potential Pesticide Risks written by Saffet Sansar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is the most popular commercial insect pollinator in agriculture because of the ease of transportation and placement during crop bloom. However, pesticide use is a major concern for honey bee health. The dependence of agriculture on both pesticides and pollination means that honey bees will remain at risk for exposure. Limiting the exposure to pesticides is a priority, but unintended and low level/sublethal exposure is a constant risk. We investigated a feed additive with the potential to protect bees against the negative effects of sublethal pesticide exposure. In the first experiment, caged bee trials were designed to investigate the effect of carbon microparticles on honey bee survival when the bees were exposed to different kinds of insecticides. Different groups of bees were exposed to thiamethoxam, chlorpyrifos or carbaryl insecticide. Counts of dead bees were recorded daily during the experiment and the nonparametric Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to determine the survivorship curve among groups then a Log-Rank test was used to compare group differences in survival rate. Survival rates differed significantly depending on the insecticides used. However, there was no significant difference in survival between bees in cages fed carbon microparticles before insecticide exposure and those that were not provided the carbon microparticles. In the second experiment, effects of carbon microparticles on honey bee flight behavior before and after exposure to sublethal doses of imidacloprid insecticides in the field were evaluated. A radiofrequency identification (RFID) system was used to monitor the effect of sublethal doses of imidacloprid on individual forager bees by measuring the timespan between two visits at the same feeding station. A subset of foragers from each colony was fitted with RFID tags and trained to a common feeding station. Analyses were conducted using base R functions for generalized linear models following a framework for evaluating the number of foragers visiting the feeding station. Significant differences occurred between groups exposed to different concentrations of imidacloprid. Feeding a honey bee colony with carbon microparticles did not alter the effect of imidacloprid on forager flight activity between colony and the feeding station.
Book Synopsis Bioremediation and Biotechnology by : Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Download or read book Bioremediation and Biotechnology written by Khalid Rehman Hakeem and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-26 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxic substances threatens aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and ultimately human health. The book is a thoughtful effort in bringing forth the role of biotechnology for bioremediation and restoration of the ecosystems degraded by toxic and heavy metal pollution. The introductory chapters of the book deal with the understanding of the issues concerned with the pollution caused by toxic elements and heavy metals and their impacts on the different ecosystems followed by the techniques involved in monitoring of the pollution. These techniques include use of bio-indicators as well as modern techniques for the assessment and monitoring of toxicants in the environment. Detailed chapters discussing the role of microbial biota, aquatic plants, terrestrial plants to enhance the accumulation efficiency of these toxic and heavy metals are followed by remediation techniques involving myco-remediation, bio-pesticides, bio-fertilizers, phyto-remediation and rhizo-filtration. A sizable portion of the book has been dedicated to the advanced bio-remediation techniques which are finding their way from the laboratory to the field for revival of the degraded ecosystems. These involve bio-films, micro-algae, genetically modified plants and filter feeders. Furthermore, the book is a detailed comprehensive account for the treatment technologies from unsustainable to sustainable. We believe academicians, researchers and students will find this book informative as a complete reference for biotechnological intervention for sustainable treatment of pollution.
Book Synopsis Beekeeping and Bee Conservation by : Emerson Chambó
Download or read book Beekeeping and Bee Conservation written by Emerson Chambó and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beekeeping and Bee Conservation - Advances in Research presents current issues in the field of bees in multiple contexts and ties together experiments conducted by some of the world's most renowned researchers. The authors' point-of-view and own research results are described in a clear and objective way, which is very useful for beginners in the study of the subject and is likewise valuable for the more experienced on the subject, who may find new hypotheses to be tested and broaden their future prospects in the field. The book is wide in scope, focusing largely on Apis mellifera. Topics range from genetics, to pollination studies, to the conservation of bees. It includes a chapter dedicated to stingless bees and another for bumble bees.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251091870 Total Pages :37 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (51 download)
Book Synopsis International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book International Code of Conduct on Pesticide Management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding that some pesticides are more hazardous than others is well established. Recognition of this is reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO) Recommended Classification of Pesticides by Hazard, which was first published in 1975. The document classifies pesticides in one of five hazard classes according to their acute toxicity. In 2002, the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) was introduced, which in addition to acute toxicity also provides classification of chemicals according to their chronic health hazards and environmental hazards.
Book Synopsis Stingless Bees of Mexico by : José Javier G. Quezada-Euán
Download or read book Stingless Bees of Mexico written by José Javier G. Quezada-Euán and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stingless bees are the most diverse group of highly social bees and are key species in our planet’s tropical and subtropical regions, where they thrive. In Mexico, the management of stingless bees dates back centuries, and they were an essential part of the culture and cosmogony of native peoples like the Maya. In recent decades a vast amount of information has been gathered on stingless bees worldwide. This book summarizes various aspects of the biology and management of stingless bees, with special emphasis on the Mexican species and the traditions behind their cultivation. Much of the information presented here was produced by the author and the team of researchers at the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán in the course of three decades of working with these insects. Given the breadth of its coverage, the book offers an equally valuable reference guide for academics, students and beekeepers alike.
Book Synopsis Annual Review of Entomology by : May R. Berenbaum
Download or read book Annual Review of Entomology written by May R. Berenbaum and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ane's Encyclopedic Dictionary of General & Applied Entomology by : Manjit S Dhooria
Download or read book Ane's Encyclopedic Dictionary of General & Applied Entomology written by Manjit S Dhooria and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-20 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keeping the requirements of teachers and researchers in mind, this encyclopedic dictionary presents the terminology in entomology and pest management in the most authentic and comprehensive way. It also includes terms related to the close relatives of insects, such as mites and ticks and some other organisms which are pests of crops.
Author :Heikki M.T. Hokkanen Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9781402008139 Total Pages :300 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (81 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Microbial Insecticides by : Heikki M.T. Hokkanen
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Microbial Insecticides written by Heikki M.T. Hokkanen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-11-30 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological pesticides are increasingly finding therr place in IPM and increasing numbers of products are making therr way to the marketplace. Particularly in China, Latin America and Australia, implementation is proceeding on a large scale. However, in the USA and Europe, registration procedures for insect pathogens to be used for insect control have been established that requrre low levels of risk, resulting in costs of retarding the implementation of microbial agents. This book provides a review of the state of the art of studies on the envrronmental impact of microbial insecticides. It originates from a Society for Invertebrate Pathology Microbial Control Division Symposium .. Assessment of envrronmental safety of biological insecticides", organised in collaboration with the EU-ERBIC research project (FAIR5-CT97-3489). This symposium was initiated by Heikki Hokkanen and Chris Lomer, and was held at the SIP Annual Meeting in 2001 in The Netherlands. The emphasis in this book is on large scale use of microbial agents for insect control, demonstrating how this use has been proceeding with minimal envrron mental impact. This book is intended to be of use to regulatory authorities in determining whether further studies in eertain areas are necessary and how to conduct them if needed, or whether sufficient information has been collected already to permit fuH registration of many of these biological control agents.
Book Synopsis Molecular Techniques in Taxonomy by : Godfrey M. Hewitt
Download or read book Molecular Techniques in Taxonomy written by Godfrey M. Hewitt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taxonomy is fundamental to understanding the variety of life forms, and exciting expansions in molecular biology are re- volutionising the obtained data. This volume reviews the ma- jor molecular biological techniques that are applied in ta- xonomy. The chapters are arranged in three main sections:1) Overviews of important topics in molecular taxonomy; 2) Case studies of the successful application of molecular methods to taxonomic and evolutionary questions; 3) Protocols for a range of generally applicable methods. The described techni- ques include DNA-DNA hybridization, DNA fingerprinting, RFLP analysis, and PCR sequencing.
Book Synopsis Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism: Examples from the Field by : W. Bruce Campbell
Download or read book Integrating Agriculture, Conservation and Ecotourism: Examples from the Field written by W. Bruce Campbell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-07 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues In Agroecology – Present Status and Future Prospectus not only reviews aspects of ecology, but the ecology of sustainable food production systems, and related societal and cultural values. To provide effective communication regarding status and advances in this field, this series connects with many disciplines such as sociology, anthropology, environmental sciences, ethics, agriculture, economics, ecology, rural development, sustainability, policy and education, and integrations of these general themes so as to provide integrated points of view that will help lead to a more sustainable construction of values than conventional economics alone. Such designs are inherently complex and dynamic, and go beyond the individual farm to include landscapes, communities, and biogeographic regions by emphasizing their unique agricultural and ecological values, and their biological, societal, and cultural components and processes.
Book Synopsis Mammalian Brain Development by : Damir Janigro
Download or read book Mammalian Brain Development written by Damir Janigro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Denis Noble Nearly a decade after completion of the first draft of the entire Human Genome sequence we are in a better position to assess the nature and the consequences of that heroic achievement, which can be seen as the culmination of the molecular biological revolution of the second half of the twentieth century. The achievement itself was celebrated at the highest levels (President and Prime Minister) on both sides of the Atlantic, and rightly so. DNA sequencing has become sufficiently c- mon now, even to the extent of being used in law courts, that it is easy to forget how technically difficult it was and how cleverly the sequencing teams solved those problems in the exciting race to finish by the turn of the century [1, 2]. The fanfares were misplaced, however, in an important respect. The metaphors used to describe the project and its biological significance gave the impression to the public at large, and to many scientists themselves, that this sequence would reveal the secrets of life. DNA had already been likened to a computer program [3]. The “genetic program” for life was therefore to be found in those sequences: A kind of map that had simply to be unfolded during development. The even more colo- ful “book of life” metaphor gave the promise that reading that book would lead to a veritable outpouring of new cures for diseases, hundreds of new drug targets, and a brave new world of medicine.
Book Synopsis Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management by :
Download or read book Grasshopper Integrated Pest Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Beekeeper's Lament by : Hannah Nordhaus
Download or read book The Beekeeper's Lament written by Hannah Nordhaus and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2011-05-24 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “You’llnever think of bees, their keepers, or the fruits (and nuts) of their laborsthe same way again.” —Trevor Corson, author of The Secret Life of Lobsters Award-winning journalist Hannah Nordhaus tells the remarkable story of John Miller, one of America’s foremost migratory beekeepers, and the myriad and mysterious epidemics threatening American honeybee populations. In luminous, razor-sharp prose, Nordhaus explores the vital role that honeybees play in American agribusiness, the maintenance of our food chain, and the very future of the nation. With an intimate focus and incisive reporting, in a book perfect for fans of Eric Schlosser’s Fast Food Nation, Michael Pollan’s The Botany of Desire,and John McPhee’s Oranges, Nordhaus’s stunning exposé illuminates one the most critical issues facing the world today,offering insight, information, and, ultimately, hope.
Author :Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann Publisher :Francisco Sanchez-Bayo ISBN 13 :1608051218 Total Pages :288 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (8 download)
Book Synopsis Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals by : Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann
Download or read book Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals written by Francisco Sánchez-Bayo, Paul J. van den Brink, Reinier M. Mann and published by Francisco Sanchez-Bayo. This book was released on 2011-09-09 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological Impacts of Toxic Chemicals presents a comprehensive, yet readable account of the known disturbances caused by all kinds of toxic chemicals on both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Topics cover the sources of toxicants, their fate and distribution through the planet, their impacts on specific ecosystems, and their remediation by natural systems. Each chapter is written by well-known specialists in those areas, for the general public, students, and even scientists from outside this field. The book intends to raise awareness of the dangers of chemical pollution in a world dominated by industry and globalization of resources. Because the problems are widespread and far reaching, it is hoped that confronting the facts may prompt better management practices at industrial, agricultural and all levels of management, from local to governmental, so as to reduce the negative impacts of chemical contaminants on our planet.
Book Synopsis The Anatomy of the Honey Bee by : Dr. R. E. Snodgrass
Download or read book The Anatomy of the Honey Bee written by Dr. R. E. Snodgrass and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “As a world authority on insect anatomy, Snodgrass has given us this book a brilliant account of the anatomy of the honey bee and how it relates to the way that bees develop and how and why they function as they do in their interesting communal life. This book should be in the library of every student of the honey bee and bee behaviour—beekeepers as well as scientists. The book is delightfully written and is enjoyable reading.”—American Bee Journal “This is not just a technical reference book on honey bee anatomy. It is far more, it is essentially a treatise on entomology, using one species as an example, and including a discussion of the fundamentals of embryology, development, and metamorphosis as well as anatomy. The subject of each chapter is approached from the broadest evolutionary point of view, and its horizon includes all the arthropods and beyond, so that the bee really typifies animal life in general. Finally, the language of the book is such that it can be read straight through with pleasure....It is a delight to follow the author through this complete examination of one insect: how it develops, how it grows, and how it operates.”—Entomological News
