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Fission Cross Section Measurements Of Actinides At Lansce
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Book Synopsis Fission Cross Section Measurements of Actinides at LANSCE. by :
Download or read book Fission Cross Section Measurements of Actinides at LANSCE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fission cross sections of a range of actinides have been measured at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) in support of nuclear energy applications. By combining measurement at two LANSCE facilities, Lujan Center and the Weapons Neutron Research center (WNR), differential cross sections can be measured from sub-thermal energies up to 200 MeV. Incident neutron energies are determined using the time-of-flight method, and parallel-plate ionization chambers are used to measure fission cross sections relative to the 235U standard. Recent measurements include the {sup 233,238}U, {sup 239,242}Pu and 243Am neutron-induced fission cross sections. In this paper preliminary results for cross section data of 243Am and 233U will be presented.
Book Synopsis Actinide Neutron-induced Fission Cross Section Measurements at LANSCE. by :
Download or read book Actinide Neutron-induced Fission Cross Section Measurements at LANSCE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fission cross sections of a range of actinides have been measured at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) in support of nuclear energy applications in a wide energy range from sub-thermal energies up to 200 MeV. A parallel-plate ionization chamber are used to measure fission cross sections ratios relative to the 235U standard while incident neutron energies are determined using the time-of-flight method. Recent measurements include the {sup 233,238}U, 239−242Pu and 243Am neutron-induced fission cross sections. Obtained data are presented in comparison with ex isting evaluations and previous data.
Book Synopsis Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Section Measurements for Uranium Isotopes and Other Actinides at LANSCE. by :
Download or read book Neutron-Induced Fission Cross Section Measurements for Uranium Isotopes and Other Actinides at LANSCE. written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Fifth International Conference On Icfn5 by : Joseph H Hamilton
Download or read book Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Fifth International Conference On Icfn5 written by Joseph H Hamilton and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-09-16 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are the fifth in the series of International Conferences covering fission and properties of neutron-rich nuclei, which are at the forefront of nuclear research. The time interval of 5 years between each conference allows for significant new results to be achieved. Recently, world leaders in theory and experiments in research and the development of new facilities for research presented their latest results in areas such as synthesis of superheavy elements, new facilities for and recent results with radioactive ion beams, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, nuclear fission process, fission yields and nuclear astrophysics. This book is a major source of the latest research in these areas and plans for the future. The conference brought together a unique group of over 100 speakers including leaders from the major nuclear laboratories in Canada, China, France, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Switerzland and the US along with leading research scientists from around the world.
Book Synopsis Measurement of Actinide Neutron Cross Sections by : Ka-Ngo Leung
Download or read book Measurement of Actinide Neutron Cross Sections written by Ka-Ngo Leung and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The maintenance of strong scientific expertise is criticalto the U.S. nuclear attribution community. It is particularly importantto train students in actinide chemistry and physics. Neutroncross-section data are vital components to strategies for detectingexplosives and fissile materials, and these measurements requireexpertise in chemical separations, actinide target preparation, nuclearspectroscopy, and analytical chemistry. At the University of California, Berkeley and the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory we have trainedstudents in actinide chemistry for many years. LBNL is a leader innuclear data and has published the Table of Isotopes for over 60 years. Recently, LBNL led an international collaboration to measure thermalneutron capture radiative cross sections and prepared the EvaluatedGamma-ray Activation File (EGAF) in collaboration with the IAEA. Thisfile of 35,000 prompt and delayed gamma ray cross-sections for allelements from Z=1-92 is essential for the neutron interrogation ofnuclear materials. LBNL has also developed new, high flux neutrongenerators and recently opened a 1010 n/s D+D neutron generatorexperimental facility.
Book Synopsis Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei - Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference by :
Download or read book Fission and Properties of Neutron-Rich Nuclei - Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are the fourth in the series of International Conferences covering fission and properties of neutron-rich nuclei, which are at the forefront of nuclear structure research. The time interval of 5 years between each conference allows for significant new results to be achieved. Recently, world leaders in theory and experiments in research and the development of new facilities for research presented their latest results in areas such as synthesis of superheavy elements, new facilities for and recent results with radioactive ion beams, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, nuclear fission process, fission yields and nuclear astrophysics. This book is a major source of the latest research in these areas and plans for the future. The conference brought together a unique group of over 100 speakers including the directors of the major nuclear laboratories in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the US along with leading research scientists from around the world.
Book Synopsis Actinide Cross Section Program at ORELA. by :
Download or read book Actinide Cross Section Program at ORELA. written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The actinide cross section program at ORELA, the Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator, is aimed at obtaining accurate neutron cross sections (primarily fission, capture, and total) for actinide nuclides which occur in fission reactors. Such cross sections, measured as a function of neutron energy over as wide a range of energies as feasible, comprise a data base that permits calculated predictions of the formation and removal of these nuclides in reactors. The present program is funded by the Division of Basic Energy Sciences of DOE, and has components in several divisions at ORNL. For intensively .cap alpha.-active nuclides, many of the existing fission cross section data have been provided by underground explosions. New measurement techniques, developed at ORELA, now permit linac measurements on fissionable nuclides with alpha half-lives as short as 28 years. Capture and capture-plus-fission measurements utilize scintillation detectors (of capture .gamma. rays and fission neutrons) in which pulse shape discrimination plays an important role. Total cross sections can be measured at ORELA on samples of only a few milligrams. A simultaneous program of chemical and isotopic analyses of samples irradiated in EBR-II is in progress to provide benchmarks for the existing differential measurements. These analyses are being studied with updated versions of ORIGEN and with sensitivity determinations. Calculations of the sensitivity to cross section changes of various aspects of the nuclear fuel cycle are also being made. Even in this relatively mature field, many cross sections still require improvements to provide an adequate data base. Examples of recent techniques and measurements are presented. 12 figures, 3 tables.
Book Synopsis Surrogate Measurements of Actinide (n, 2n) Cross Sections with NeutronSTARS. by :
Download or read book Surrogate Measurements of Actinide (n, 2n) Cross Sections with NeutronSTARS. written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directly measuring (n,2n) cross sections on short-lived actinides presents a number of experimental challenges: scattered beam can produce neutron backgrounds in the detectors, fission can produce a substantial neutron background, and created a target with a short-lived isotope can be extremely difficult. To perform these surrogate (n,2n) cross section measurements, a silicon telescope array has been placed along a beam line at the Texas A & M University Cyclotron Institute, which is surrounded by a large tank of Gadolinium-doped liquid scintillator, which acts as a neutron detector. The combination of the charge-particle and neutron-detector arrays is referred to as NeutronSTARS. In the analysis procedure for calculating the (n,2n) cross section, the neutron detection efficiency and time structure plays an important role. Due to the lack of availability of isotropic, mono-energetic neutron sources, modeling is an important component in establishing this efficiency and time structure. This report describes the NeutronSTARS array, which was designed and commissioned during this project. It also describes the surrogate reaction technique, specifically referencing a 235U(n,2n) commissioning measurement that was fielded during the past year.
Book Synopsis Actinide Targets for Neutron Cross Section Measurements by : John D. Baker
Download or read book Actinide Targets for Neutron Cross Section Measurements written by John D. Baker and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative (AFCI) and the Generation IV Reactor Initiative have demonstrated a lack of detailed neutron cross-sections for certain "minor" actinides, those other than the most common (235U, 238U, and 239Pu). For some closed-fuel-cycle reactor designs more than 50% of reactivity will, at some point, be derived from "minor" actinides that currently have poorly known or in some cases not measured (n,?) and (n, f) cross sections. A program of measurements under AFCI has begun to correct this. One of the initial hurdles has been to produce well-characterized, highly isotopically enriched, and chemically pure actinide targets on thin backings. Using a combination of resurrected techniques and new developments, we have made a series of targets including highly enriched 239Pu, 240Pu, and 242Pu. Thus far, we have electrodeposited these actinide targets. In the future, we plan to study reductive distillation to achieve homogeneous, adherent targets on thin metal foils and polymer backings. As we move forward, separated isotopes become scarcer, and safety concerns become greater. The chemical purification and electodeposition techniques will be described.
Book Synopsis Actinide Integral Measurements in the CFRMF and Integral Tests for ENDF by :
Download or read book Actinide Integral Measurements in the CFRMF and Integral Tests for ENDF written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integral capture and/or fission rates have been reported earlier for several actinides irradiated in the fast neutron field of the Coupled Fast Reactivity Measurements Facility (CFRMF). These nuclides include 232Th, 233U, 235U, 238U, 237Np, 239Pu, 24°Pu, 242Pu, 241Am and 243Am. This paper forucses on the utilization of these integral data for testing the respective cross sections on ENDF/B-V. Integral cross sections derived from the measured reaction rates are tabulated. Results are presented for cross-section data testing which includes integral testing based on a comparison of calculated and measured integral cross sections and testing based on least-squares-adjustment analyses.
Book Synopsis Measurement of the Neutron Capture Cross Sections of the Actinides by :
Download or read book Measurement of the Neutron Capture Cross Sections of the Actinides written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Some Highlights in the Evaluations of the Thermal Cross Sections and Resonance Parameters of the Actinides by :
Download or read book Some Highlights in the Evaluations of the Thermal Cross Sections and Resonance Parameters of the Actinides written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The resonance parameters and thermal cross sections of 235 238U and 239 24° 241 242Pu are reevaluated by considering the measurements carried out since 1973. Capture, scattering, fission cross sections as well as resonance integrals are calculated from the parameters and are compared with experimental values with the objective of achieving consistency between calculations and measurements. The Dyson-Metha .delta.3 statistical analysis was applied in order to calculate average level spacings. Calculations of average radiative widths based on systematics are carried out and are compared with experimental values as well as with Moore's and Lynn's estimates.
Book Synopsis Actinide Cross Section Evaluations by : D. A. Brown
Download or read book Actinide Cross Section Evaluations written by D. A. Brown and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Livermore Computational Nuclear Physics group is charged with producing updated neutron incident cross section evaluations for all the actinides in the coming year, concentrating on neutron induced fission, neutron capture and (n,2n) cross sections. We attack this daunting task either by adopting other recent evaluations or by performing our own. Owing to the large number of nuclei involved, we seek to automate this process as much as possible. For this purpose, we have developed a series of computer codes: x41, an interface to the EXFOR database, fete, a code that translates ENDF/B formatted evaluations into a computationally convenient form, and da{_}fit, a fitting code that takes all relevant EXFOR data for a reaction or set of reactions and performs a generalized least square fit to them, subject to various constraints and other prior information.
Book Synopsis Measurements of Neutron-induced Fission Cross-section Ratios Involving Isotopes of Uranium and Plutonium. [0. 001 to 30 MeV, Cross Sections]. by :
Download or read book Measurements of Neutron-induced Fission Cross-section Ratios Involving Isotopes of Uranium and Plutonium. [0. 001 to 30 MeV, Cross Sections]. written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A procedure, called the threshold cross section method was applied to our experimental data involving four uranium (233U 234U, 236U, and 238U) and five plutonium (239Pu, 24°Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, and 244Pu) isotopes to determine ratios of fission cross sections relative to 235U. The data were gathered using ionization fission chambers and the time-of-flight technique at the LLL 100-MeV electron linear accelerator: measurements span the neutron energy range of 0.001 to 30 MeV. Experimental uncertainties common to past measurements were either eliminated or significantly reduced in this study by use of the threshold method, thereby making higher accuracies possible. The cross section ratios are absolute in the sense that they do not depend on the work of others. Results from our ratios involving 233U, 235U, 238U, and 239Pu are used to illustrate this method.
Book Synopsis Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Fourth International Conference by : H K Carter
Download or read book Fission And Properties Of Neutron-rich Nuclei - Proceedings Of The Fourth International Conference written by H K Carter and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008-08-08 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings are the fourth in the series of International Conferences covering fission and properties of neutron-rich nuclei, which are at the forefront of nuclear structure research. The time interval of 5 years between each conference allows for significant new results to be achieved. Recently, world leaders in theory and experiments in research and the development of new facilities for research presented their latest results in areas such as synthesis of superheavy elements, new facilities for and recent results with radioactive ion beams, structure of neutron-rich nuclei, nuclear fission process, fission yields and nuclear astrophysics. This book is a major source of the latest research in these areas and plans for the future. The conference brought together a unique group of over 100 speakers including the directors of the major nuclear laboratories in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Russia and the US along with leading research scientists from around the world.
Book Synopsis Status Update on the NIFFTE High Precision Fission Cross Section Measurement Program by :
Download or read book Status Update on the NIFFTE High Precision Fission Cross Section Measurement Program written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neutron Induced Fission Fragment Tracking Experiment (NIFFTE) program has been underway for nearly two years. The program's mission is to measure fission cross sections of the primary fissionable and fissile materials (235U, 239Pu, 238U) as well as the minor actinides across energies from approximately 50 keV up to 20 MeV with an absolute uncertainty of less than one percent while investigating energy ranges from below an eV to 600 MeV. This basic nuclear physics data is being reinvestigated to support the next generation power plants and a fast burner reactor program. Uncertainties in the fast, resolved and unresolved resonance regions in plutonium and other transuranics are extremely large, dominating safety margins in the next generation nuclear power plants and power plants of today. This basic nuclear data can be used to support all aspects of the nuciear renaissance. The measurement campaign is utilizing a Time Projection Chamber or TPC as the tool to measure these cross sections to these unprecedented levels. Unlike traditional fission cross section measurements using time-of-flight and a multiple fission foil configurations in which fission cross sections in relation to that of 235U are performed, the TPC project uses time-of-flight and hydrogen as the benchmark cross section. Using the switch to hydrogen, a simple, smooth cross section that can be used which removes the uncertainties associated with the resolved and unresolved resonances in 235U.
Book Synopsis Cross Section Measurements at LANSCE for Defense, Science and Applications by :
Download or read book Cross Section Measurements at LANSCE for Defense, Science and Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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