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Fatigue Assessment Of Highway Bridges Under Traffic Loading Using Microscopic Traffic Simulation
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Book Synopsis Fatigue Assessment of Highway Bridges Under Traffic Loading Using Microscopic Traffic Simulation by : Chung Fu
Download or read book Fatigue Assessment of Highway Bridges Under Traffic Loading Using Microscopic Traffic Simulation written by Chung Fu and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue is a common failure mode of steel bridges induced by truck traffic. Despite the deterioration caused by environmental factors, the increasing truck traffic volume and weight pose a premier threat to steel highway bridges. Given the uncertainties of the complicated traffic loading and the complexity of the bridge structure, fatigue evaluation based on field measurements under actual traffic flow is recommended. As the quality and the quantity of the available long-term traffic monitoring data and information have been improved, methodologies have been developed to obtain more realistic vehicular live load traffic. A case study of a steel interstate highway bridge using microscopic traffic simulation is presented herein. The knowledge of actual traffic loading may reduce the uncertainty involved in the evaluation of the load-carrying capacity, estimation of the rate of deterioration, and prediction of remaining fatigue life. This chapter demonstrates a systematic approach using traffic simulation and bridge health monitoring-based fatigue assessment.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Assessment of Highway Bridges Under Traffic Loading by : M. H. Ogle
Download or read book Fatigue Assessment of Highway Bridges Under Traffic Loading written by M. H. Ogle and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bridge Optimization by : Yun Lai Zhou
Download or read book Bridge Optimization written by Yun Lai Zhou and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-02-05 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of several applications for condition monitoring and damage identification in bridge structures. Bridge structural condition monitoring is essential since it can provide early warning of potential defects in bridges, which may induce catastrophic accidents and result in huge economic loss. Such bridge condition monitoring relies on sensing techniques, especially advanced sensing techniques that can provide detailed information on bridge structures. Additionally, postprocessing systems can interpret the captured data and warn of any potential faults. This book will give students a thorough understanding of bridge condition monitoring.
Book Synopsis A Traffic Loading and Its Use in the Fatigue Life Assessment of Highway Bridges by : D. R. Leonard
Download or read book A Traffic Loading and Its Use in the Fatigue Life Assessment of Highway Bridges written by D. R. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Traffic Loading and Its Use in the Fatigue Life Assessment of Highway Bridges by D.R. Leonard by : D. R. Leonard
Download or read book A Traffic Loading and Its Use in the Fatigue Life Assessment of Highway Bridges by D.R. Leonard written by D. R. Leonard and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Research Perspectives by : Peter Dawe
Download or read book Research Perspectives written by Peter Dawe and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 2003 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a detailed examination of all aspects of traffic loading and describes how design and assessment methods have evolved to deal with them.
Book Synopsis Recent Trends in Wave Mechanics and Vibrations by : Zuzana Dimitrovová
Download or read book Recent Trends in Wave Mechanics and Vibrations written by Zuzana Dimitrovová and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-06 with total page 1217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers select proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Wave Mechanics and Vibrations (WMVC), held in Lisbon, Portugal, on July 4-6, 2022. It covers recent developments and cutting-edge methods in wave mechanics and vibrations applied to a wide range of engineering problems. It presents analytical and computational studies in structural mechanics, seismology and earthquake engineering, mechanical engineering, aeronautics, robotics and nuclear engineering among others. The volume will be of interest for students, researchers, and professionals interested in the wide-ranging applications of wave mechanics and vibrations.
Book Synopsis Live-load Models for Design and Fatigue Evaluation of Highway Bridges by :
Download or read book Live-load Models for Design and Fatigue Evaluation of Highway Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New load design factors and models are introduced to account for site-specific live-load demands in the state of New Jersey. Live-load for highway bridges is highly site specific. The current AASHTO LRFD design specifications provide a notional design truck to which load factors are applied. These strength design factors were calibrated using reliability theory to provide a consistent level of safety for various spans and bridge types. The original calibration was done using a small sample of data from decades ago. Truck weights and volumes have significantly increased, reducing the level of safety of highway bridges designed today. Live-load is quantified using an extensive weigh-in-motion (WIM) database for the state of New Jersey as well as instrumentation at a bridge located in the heart of Port Newark, NJ. An integrated system combines a WIM system to measure truck loads and a data logger to capture the strains and deflections. This, first of its kind, system provides a complete picture of bridge behavior. The WIM data collected include all of the parameters needed to quantify truck loading: gross and axle weights, axle spacings, classification, counts, speeds, lane, etc. The bridge response includes parameters such as: strains and deflections. Information on truck loads are used to develop load effect envelopes for various span lengths. The load effects are then extrapolated using Normal probability paper to predict the maximum expected levels for the full service life of 75 years. The effect of other distributions, various measurement durations, and truck multiple presence is also studied. Based on the analysis of moment and shear envelops for various spans, it was found that the current load factors must be increased to maintain the level of safety that the code dictates. A new load model is proposed to provide a more uniform bias for New Jersey trucks. Fatigue load effects are studied in terms of effective truck weights, truck dimensions, and multiple presence in comparison with current evaluation procedures. Experimental load and response data from the instrumented bridge along with computer models is used to study the effect of truck weight, volume, and multiple presence of the fatigue life. Statistical techniques developed by the automotive industry are applied to short experimental measurements to predict a fatigue load profile that would be expected if measurement extended to a much longer duration. The rainflow extrapolation techniques utilize Extreme Value Theory and non-parametric smoothing methods to render a future prediction of the rainflow counted stress cycle matrix. The effect of measurement duration, seasonality, and truck multiple presence on fatigue life prediction is studied.
Book Synopsis A Simulation Study of Fatigue Life of Highway Bridges by : Egbert Hsi-Ting Chang
Download or read book A Simulation Study of Fatigue Life of Highway Bridges written by Egbert Hsi-Ting Chang and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fatigue Evaluation of Steel Bridges by : Mark Douglas Bowman
Download or read book Fatigue Evaluation of Steel Bridges written by Mark Douglas Bowman and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2012 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 721: Fatigue Evaluation of Steel Bridges provides proposed revisions to Section 7--Fatigue Evaluation of Steel Bridges of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Bridge Evaluation with detailed examples of the application of the proposed revisions."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Highway Bridge Traffic Loading by : Alessandro Lipari
Download or read book Highway Bridge Traffic Loading written by Alessandro Lipari and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, traditional approaches and recent advances in highway bridge traffic loading are described, which are of great significance for structural safety assessment of bridges. Indeed, it is widely accepted that consideration of site-specific traffic features can enable significant savings in maintenance operations. While short spans are governed by free-flowing traffic plus an allowance for the dynamic effects, long spans are governed by congested conditions. For the former, a promising research trend is the investigation of the dynamic vehicle-bridge interaction, which is shown to lead to dynamic effects much lower than previously thought. For the latter, advances in traffic flow modelling enable the simulation of realistic congestion patterns based on widely available free-flowing traffic data, thus partially overcoming a long-standing shortage of congestion data. Here, emphasis is given to the promising application of traffic microsimulation to long-span bridge loading, combined with a probabilistic approach based on the extreme value theory, to compute site-specific characteristic loading values.
Book Synopsis Bridge Traffic Loading by : Eugene OBrien
Download or read book Bridge Traffic Loading written by Eugene OBrien and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is considerable uncertainty about what level of traffic loading bridges should be designed for. Codes specify notional load models, generally to represent extreme levels of normal traffic, but these are often crude and have inconsistent levels of safety for different load effects. Over the past few decades, increasing quantities of reliable truck weight data has become available and it is now possible to calculate appropriate levels of bridge traffic loading, both for specific bridges and for a road network. Bridge Traffic Loading brings together experts from all over the world to deliver not just the state-of-the-art of vertical loading, but also to provide recommendations of best-practice for all the major challenges in the field – short-span, single and multi-lane bridge loading, dynamic allowance and long-span bridges. It reviews issues that continue to be debated, such as which statistical distribution is most appropriate, whether free-flowing or congested traffic governs and dealing with future traffic growth. Specialist consultants and bridge owners should find this invaluable, as will regulators.
Book Synopsis S-N Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Highway Bridges by : P. Albrecht
Download or read book S-N Fatigue Reliability Analysis of Highway Bridges written by P. Albrecht and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a method of calculating the expected fatigue failure probability of a structural detail, given the distribution of resistance and load. The resistance data, in terms of cycles to failure, come from previous laboratory tests. The load data come either from stress range histograms recorded on bridges or from loadmeter surveys. The proposed method replaces each histogram by an equivalent stress range and converts the latter into a distribution in terms of number of cycles. The problem is thus cast into the standard format for reliability analysis and allows one to calculate failure probabilities. Application of the method to designs in accordance with the AASHTO Specifications showed that fatigue failure probabilities for redundant load path (RLP) structures are inconsistent and vary greatly from PF = 9.2 x 10-2 for Category B to PF = 9.2 x 10-10 for Category E'. For nonredundant load path (NRLP) structures, they vary from PF = 5.1 x 10-2 for Category A to PF = 2.1 x 10-22 for Category E. It is proposed that the specifications be revised to include: (1) allowable stress ranges for RLP and NRLP structures with uniform failure probabilities; (2) explicit formulation of the specifications in terms of the actual number of single "fatigue trucks," each causing an equivalent stress range; and (3) continuous definition of allowable stress range versus truck traffic volume. An example illustrates the design of a bridge, not covered by the AASHTO specifications, to a specified failure probability.
Book Synopsis Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges by : Naiwei Lu
Download or read book Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges written by Naiwei Lu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge design and construction technologies have experienced remarkable developments in recent decades, and numerous long-span bridges have been built or are under construction all over the world. Cable-supported bridges, including cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges, are the main type of these long-span bridges, and are widely used in highways crossing gorges, rivers, and gulfs, due to their superior structural mechanical properties and beautiful appearance. However, cable-supported bridges suffer from harsh environmental effects and complex loading conditions, such as heavier traffic loads, strong winds, corrosion effects, and other natural disasters. Therefore, the lifetime safety evaluation of these long-span bridges considering the rigorous service environments is an essential task. Features: Presents a comprehensive explanation of system reliability evaluation for all aspects of cable-supported bridges. Includes a comprehensive presentation of the application of system reliability theory in bridge design, safety control, and operational management. Addresses fatigue reliability, dynamic reliability and seismic reliability assessment of bridges. Presents a complete investigation and case study in each chapter, allowing readers to understand the applicability for real-world scenarios. Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges provides a comprehensive application and guidelines for system reliability techniques in cable-supported bridges. Serving as a practical educational resource for both undergraduate and graduate level students, practicing engineers, and researchers, it also intends to provide an intuitive appreciation for probability theory, statistical methods, and reliability analysis methods.
Book Synopsis Statistical Analysis of Traffic Loads and Their Effects on Bridges by : Xiao Yi Zhou
Download or read book Statistical Analysis of Traffic Loads and Their Effects on Bridges written by Xiao Yi Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traffic load model in standard or specification for bridge design should guarantee all newly designed bridges to have sufficient security margin for future traffic. Many different methods have been used to model extreme traffic load effects on bridges for predicting characteristic value for short or long return period. In order to provide some guidance on selecting parameter estimation when applying POT to bridge traffic loading, we focus on the effect that method used to estimate the parameters of the GPD has on the accuracy of the estimated characteristic values. Through this qualitative discussion on the methods, several available methods for traffic loading are selected. Numerical simulation data, Monte Carlo simulation traffic load effects and in-field traffic load effect measurements are analyzed and presented. Literature points out that the traffic load effect is induced by loading event that involves different number of vehicles, and the distribution of the load effects from different loading events are not identically distributed, which violates the assumption of classic extreme value theory that the underlying distribution should be identically independent distributed. Methods using mixture distribution (exponential or generalized extreme value) has been proposed in the literature to model the extreme traffic load effect by loading event. However, the traffic loading may be also importance if the bridge encounter traffic induced fatigue problem, components like orthotropic steel deck is governed by traffic induced fatigue load effects. We intend to explore the influence of traffic load on the fatigue behaviour of orthotropic steel deck, especially the influence of the loading position in terms of transverse location of vehicle. Measurements of transverse location of vehicle collected from by weigh-in-motion (WIM) systems in 2010 and 2011 four French highways showed a completely different distribution model of transverse location of vehicle to that recommended in EC1. Stress spectrum analysis and fatigue damage calculation was performed on the stresses induced traffic on orthotropic steel deck of Millau cable-stayed bridge. By comparing the stresses and damages induced by different traffic patterns (through distributions of transverse location of vehicle), it was found that the histogram of stress spectrum and cumulative fatigue damage were significantly affected by the distribution of transverse location of vehicle. Therefore, numerical analysis that integrates finite element modelling and traffic data with distributions of transverse location of vehicles can help to make an accurate predetermination of which welded connections should be sampled to represent the health of the deck.
Book Synopsis Simulation of Service Fatigue Loads for Short-Span Highway Bridges by : P. Albrecht
Download or read book Simulation of Service Fatigue Loads for Short-Span Highway Bridges written by P. Albrecht and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mean stress range histogram and corresponding frequency distribution function for single truck crossings over short-span highway bridges, derived from 106 published histograms, is proposed. A major portion of this load history was applied to a welded transverse stiffener detail in blocks varying from 100 cycles to 100 000 cycles. When the number of cycles in the block was 1000 cycles or less, the block size had no significant effect on the total number of cycles to failure. Block loading simulated then random loading, and the root-mean-cube stress range provided a reasonable transfer function between block loading and constant amplitude cycling.
Book Synopsis Fatigue Reliability of Steel Highway Bridge Details by : Peter J. Massarelli
Download or read book Fatigue Reliability of Steel Highway Bridge Details written by Peter J. Massarelli and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The expected life of a steel highway bridge subjected to random, variable-amplitude traffic cycles is highly dependent on damage accumulation caused by various fatigue mechanisms. This study addressed some of the issues associated with developing probabilistic reliability models for steel bridge structures under vehicular traffic loadings. Specifically, methods for incorporating inspection data (e.g., the presence and size of cracks) into classical and fracture mechanics-based fatigue models to predict fracture-critical element damage accumulation were analyzed. The block loading method introduced here assigns a damage state to the cracked detail after each vehicle passage. This method is limited to loading blocks where the plastic zone at the crack tip developed by the pseudo-static response of the bridge must be larger than the crack growth caused by the subsequent dynamic cycles for each vehicle passage. It must also be assumed that the crack length is fixed during a loading block. This method accounts for closure effects by predicting the occurrence of damage only when the crack is opened. When a bridge inspection reveals fatigue cracks, field data in the form of strain measurements can be collected in the vicinity of the fracture detail to identify the characteristic stress block and the fluctuations in the curve attributes attributable to randomness of the traffic loading. Then, the data can be analyzed to identify the statistical properties of the attribute parameters, which include the magnitude of the pseudo-static response, the number of dynamic cycles in each block, and the duration of the vehicle passage. With this information, the distribution of stress blocks can be estimated, and the block loading method can be employed to calculate the fatigue lifetime of each critical detail.
