Extremal Fuzzy Dynamic Systems

Download Extremal Fuzzy Dynamic Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461442508
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Extremal Fuzzy Dynamic Systems by : Gia Sirbiladze

Download or read book Extremal Fuzzy Dynamic Systems written by Gia Sirbiladze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-25 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the author presents a new approach to the study of weakly structurable dynamic systems. It differs from other approaches by considering time as a source of fuzzy uncertainty in dynamic systems. It begins with a thorough introduction, where the general research domain, the problems, and ways of their solutions are discussed. The book then progresses systematically by first covering the theoretical aspects before tackling the applications. In the application section, a software library is described, which contains discrete EFDS identification methods elaborated during fundamental research of the book. Extremal Fuzzy Dynamic Systems will be of interest to theoreticians interested in modeling fuzzy processes, to researchers who use fuzzy statistics, as well as practitioners from different disciplines whose research interests include abnormal, extreme and monotone processes in nature and society. Graduate students could also find this book useful.

Fuzzy Optimization

Download Fuzzy Optimization PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642139353
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fuzzy Optimization by : Weldon A. Lodwick

Download or read book Fuzzy Optimization written by Weldon A. Lodwick and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-07-23 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optimization is an extremely important area in science and technology which provides powerful and useful tools and techniques for the formulation and solution of a multitude of problems in which we wish, or need, to to find a best possible option or solution. The volume is divided into a coupe of parts which present various aspects of fuzzy optimization, some related more general issues, and applications.

Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems

Download Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128229942
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems by : Tofigh Allahviranloo

Download or read book Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems written by Tofigh Allahviranloo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soft Numerical Computing in Uncertain Dynamic Systems is intended for system specialists interested in dynamic systems that operate at different time scales. The book discusses several types of errors and their propagation, covering numerical methods—including convergence and consistence properties and characteristics—and proving of related theorems within the setting of soft computing. Several types of uncertainty representation like interval, fuzzy, type 2 fuzzy, granular, and combined uncertain sets are discussed in detail. The book can be used by engineering students in control and finite element fields, as well as all engineering, applied mathematics, economics, and computer science students. One of the important topics in applied science is dynamic systems and their applications. The authors develop these models and deliver solutions with the aid of numerical methods. Since they are inherently uncertain, soft computations are of high relevance here. This is the reason behind investigating soft numerical computing in dynamic systems. If these systems are involved with complex-uncertain data, they will be more practical and important. Real-life problems work with this type of data and most of them cannot be solved exactly and easily—sometimes they are impossible to solve. Clearly, all the numerical methods need to consider error of approximation. Other important applied topics involving uncertain dynamic systems include image processing and pattern recognition, which can benefit from uncertain dynamic systems as well. In fact, the main objective is to determine the coefficients of a matrix that acts as the frame in the image. One of the effective methods exhibiting high accuracy is to use finite differences to fill the cells of the matrix. - Explores dynamic models, how time is fundamental to the structure of the model and data, and how a process unfolds - Investigates the dynamic relationships between multiple components of a system in modeling using mathematical models and the concept of stability in uncertain environments - Exposes readers to many soft numerical methods to simulate the solution function's behavior

Sequential Intelligent Dynamic System Modeling and Control

Download Sequential Intelligent Dynamic System Modeling and Control PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819715415
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sequential Intelligent Dynamic System Modeling and Control by : Hai-Jun Rong

Download or read book Sequential Intelligent Dynamic System Modeling and Control written by Hai-Jun Rong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Mathematical Reviews

Download Mathematical Reviews PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 840 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mathematical Reviews by :

Download or read book Mathematical Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

On Fuzziness

Download On Fuzziness PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642356419
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis On Fuzziness by : Rudolf Seising

Download or read book On Fuzziness written by Rudolf Seising and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-12 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion of Fuzziness stands as one of the really new concepts that have recently enriched the world of Science. Science grows not only through technical and formal advances on one side and useful applications on the other side, but also as consequence of the introduction and assimilation of new concepts in its corpus. These, in turn, produce new developments and applications. And this is what Fuzziness, one of the few new concepts arisen in the XX Century, has been doing so far. This book aims at paying homage to Professor Lotfi A. Zadeh, the “father of fuzzy logic” and also at giving credit to his exceptional work and personality. In a way, this is reflected in the variety of contributions collected in the book. In some of them the authors chose to speak of personal meetings with Lotfi; in others, they discussed how certain papers of Zadeh were able to open for them a new research horizon. Some contributions documented results obtained from the author/s after taking inspiration from a particular idea of Zadeh, thus implicitly acknowledging him. Finally, there are contributions of several “third generation fuzzysists or softies” who were firstly led into the world of Fuzziness by a disciple of Lotfi Zadeh, who, following his example, took care of opening for them a new road in science. Rudolf Seising is Adjoint Researcher at the European Centre for Soft Computing in Mieres, Asturias (Spain). Enric Trillas and Claudio Moraga are Emeritus Researchers at the European Centre for Soft Computing, Mieres, Asturias (Spain). Settimo Termini is Professor of Theoretical Computer Science at the University of Palermo, Italy and Affiliated Researcher at the European Centre for Soft Computing, Mieres, Asturias (Spain)

Automatic Control, Robotics, and Information Processing

Download Automatic Control, Robotics, and Information Processing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030485870
Total Pages : 843 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Automatic Control, Robotics, and Information Processing by : Piotr Kulczycki

Download or read book Automatic Control, Robotics, and Information Processing written by Piotr Kulczycki and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-03 with total page 843 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a wide and comprehensive range of issues and problems in various fields of science and engineering, from both theoretical and applied perspectives. The desire to develop more effective and efficient tools and techniques for dealing with complex processes and systems has been a natural inspiration for the emergence of numerous fields of science and technology, in particular control and automation and, more recently, robotics. The contributions gathered here concern the development of methods and algorithms to determine best practices regarding broadly perceived decisions or controls. From an engineering standpoint, many of them focus on how to automate a specific process or complex system. From a tools-based perspective, several contributions address the development of analytic and algorithmic methods and techniques, devices and systems that make it possible to develop and subsequently implement the automation and robotization of crucial areas of human activity. All topics discussed are illustrated with sample applications.

The Reflection of Life

Download The Reflection of Life PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461469287
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Reflection of Life by : A. H. Louie

Download or read book The Reflection of Life written by A. H. Louie and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​​​A. H. Louie’s The Reflection of Life: Functional Entailment and Imminence in Relational Biology is a continuation of the exploratory journey in relational biology which began with his 2009 monograph More Than Life Itself: A Synthetic Continuation in Relational Biology. The theme of his first book was ‘What is life?’; the theme of this sequel is “How do two life forms interact?” Biology is a subject concerned with organization of relations. Relational biology is the approach that advocates ‘function dictates structure”, rather than ‘structure implies function’. It is mathematics decoded into biological realizations. The book demonstrates some of the powers of the approach of relational biology, and illustrates how pertinent problems in biology can be better addressed this way. In the first volume the theory was developed by using partially ordered sets, lattices, simulations, models, Aristotle’s four causes, graphs, categories, simple and complex systems, anticipatory systems, and metabolism-repair [(M,R)-] systems. Here in the second volume, these tools are expanded to employ set-valued mappings, adjacency matrices, random graphs, and interacting entailment networks. The theory of set-valued mappings culminates in the imminence mapping, which equips the further investigation of functional entailment in complex relational networks. Imminence in (M,R)-networks that model living systems addresses the topics of biogenesis and natural selection. Interacting (M,R)-networks with mutually entailing processes serve as models in the study of symbiosis and pathophysiology. The formalism also provides a natural framework for a relational theory of virology and oncology. This book will serve researchers and graduate students in mathematics and biology.

Fault Diagnosis of Hybrid Dynamic and Complex Systems

Download Fault Diagnosis of Hybrid Dynamic and Complex Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319740148
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fault Diagnosis of Hybrid Dynamic and Complex Systems by : Moamar Sayed-Mouchaweh

Download or read book Fault Diagnosis of Hybrid Dynamic and Complex Systems written by Moamar Sayed-Mouchaweh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Online fault diagnosis is crucial to ensure safe operation of complex dynamic systems in spite of faults affecting the system behaviors. Consequences of the occurrence of faults can be severe and result in human casualties, environmentally harmful emissions, high repair costs, and economical losses caused by unexpected stops in production lines. The majority of real systems are hybrid dynamic systems (HDS). In HDS, the dynamical behaviors evolve continuously with time according to the discrete mode (configuration) in which the system is. Consequently, fault diagnosis approaches must take into account both discrete and continuous dynamics as well as the interactions between them in order to perform correct fault diagnosis. This book presents recent and advanced approaches and techniques that address the complex problem of fault diagnosis of hybrid dynamic and complex systems using different model-based and data-driven approaches in different application domains (inductor motors, chemical process formed by tanks, reactors and valves, ignition engine, sewer networks, mobile robots, planetary rover prototype etc.). These approaches cover the different aspects of performing single/multiple online/offline parametric/discrete abrupt/tear and wear fault diagnosis in incremental/non-incremental manner, using different modeling tools (hybrid automata, hybrid Petri nets, hybrid bond graphs, extended Kalman filter etc.) for different classes of hybrid dynamic and complex systems.

Control Engineering and Information Systems

Download Control Engineering and Information Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1138026859
Total Pages : 1054 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (38 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Control Engineering and Information Systems by : Zhijing Liu

Download or read book Control Engineering and Information Systems written by Zhijing Liu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-01-19 with total page 1054 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Control Engineering and Information Systems contains the papers presented at the 2014 International Conference on Control Engineering and Information Systems (ICCEIS 2014, Yueyang, Hunan, China, 20-22 June 2014). All major aspects of the theory and applications of control engineering and information systems are addressed, including: – Intelligent systems – Teaching cases – Pattern recognition – Industry application – Machine learning – Systems science and systems engineering – Data mining – Optimization – Business process management – Evolution of public sector ICT – IS economics – IS security and privacy – Personal data markets – Wireless ad hoc and sensor networks – Database and system security – Application of spatial information system – Other related areas Control Engineering and Information Systems provides a valuable source of information for scholars, researchers and academics in control engineering and information systems.

Advanced Control Systems

Download Advanced Control Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000794067
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Control Systems by : Yuriy P. Kondratenko

Download or read book Advanced Control Systems written by Yuriy P. Kondratenko and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Control Systems: Theory and Applications provides an overview of advanced research lines in control systems as well as in design, development and implementation methodologies for perspective control systems and their components in different areas of industrial and special applications. It consists of extended versions of the selected papers presented at the XXV International Conference on Automatic Control “Automatics 2018” (September 18-19, 2018, Lviv, Ukraine) which is the main Ukrainian Control Conference organized by Ukrainian Association on Automatic Control (National member organization of IFAC) and Lviv National University “Lvivska Politechnica”. More than 100 papers were presented at the conference with topics including: mathematical problems of control, optimization and game theory; control and identification under uncertainty; automated control of technical, technological and biotechnical objects; controlling the aerospace craft, marine vessels and other moving objects; intelligent control and information processing; mechatronics and robotics; information measuring technologies in automation; automation and IT training of personnel; the Internet of things and the latest technologies. The book is divided into two main parts, the first concerning theory (7 chapters) and the second concerning applications (7 chapters) of advanced control systems. The first part “Advances in Theoretical Research on Automatic Control” consists of theoretical research results which deal with descriptor control impulsive delay systems, motion control in condition of conflict, inverse dynamic models, invariant relations in optimal control, robust adaptive control, bio-inspired algorithms, optimization of fuzzy control systems, and extremal routing problem with constraints and complicated cost functions. The second part “Advances in Control Systems Applications” is based on the chapters which consider different aspects of practical implementation of advanced control systems, in particular, special cases in determining the spacecraft position and attitude using computer vision system, the spacecraft orientation by information from a system of stellar sensors, control synthesis of rotational and spatial spacecraft motion at approaching stage of docking, intelligent algorithms for the automation of complex biotechnical objects, an automatic control system for the slow pyrolysis of organic substances with variable composition, simulation complex of hierarchical systems based on the foresight and cognitive modelling, and advanced identification of impulse processes in cognitive maps. The chapters have been structured to provide an easy-to-follow introduction to the topics that are addressed, including the most relevant references, so that anyone interested in this field can get started in the area. This book may be useful for researchers and students who are interesting in advanced control systems.

Predictive Maintenance in Dynamic Systems

Download Predictive Maintenance in Dynamic Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030056457
Total Pages : 564 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Predictive Maintenance in Dynamic Systems by : Edwin Lughofer

Download or read book Predictive Maintenance in Dynamic Systems written by Edwin Lughofer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a complete picture of several decision support tools for predictive maintenance. These include embedding early anomaly/fault detection, diagnosis and reasoning, remaining useful life prediction (fault prognostics), quality prediction and self-reaction, as well as optimization, control and self-healing techniques. It shows recent applications of these techniques within various types of industrial (production/utilities/equipment/plants/smart devices, etc.) systems addressing several challenges in Industry 4.0 and different tasks dealing with Big Data Streams, Internet of Things, specific infrastructures and tools, high system dynamics and non-stationary environments . Applications discussed include production and manufacturing systems, renewable energy production and management, maritime systems, power plants and turbines, conditioning systems, compressor valves, induction motors, flight simulators, railway infrastructures, mobile robots, cyber security and Internet of Things. The contributors go beyond state of the art by placing a specific focus on dynamic systems, where it is of utmost importance to update system and maintenance models on the fly to maintain their predictive power.

Advances in Fuzzy Control

Download Advances in Fuzzy Control PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Physica
ISBN 13 : 3790818860
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (98 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Fuzzy Control by : Dimiter Driankov

Download or read book Advances in Fuzzy Control written by Dimiter Driankov and published by Physica. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Model-based fuzzy control uses a given conventional or a fuzzy open loop of the plant under control in order to derive the set of fuzzy if-then rules constituting the corresponding fuzzy controller. Furthermore, of central interest are the consequent stability, performance, and robustness analysis of the resulting closed loop system involving a conventional model and a fuzzy controller, or a fuzzy model and a fuzzy controller. The major objective of the model-based fuzzy control is to use the full available range of existing linear and nonlinear design of such fuzzy controllers which have better stability, performance, and robustness properties than the corresponding non-fuzzy controllers designed by the use of these same techniques.

Adaptive Filtering Under Minimum Mean p-Power Error Criterion

Download Adaptive Filtering Under Minimum Mean p-Power Error Criterion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1040015921
Total Pages : 389 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Adaptive Filtering Under Minimum Mean p-Power Error Criterion by : Wentao Ma

Download or read book Adaptive Filtering Under Minimum Mean p-Power Error Criterion written by Wentao Ma and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive filtering still receives attention in engineering as the use of the adaptive filter provides improved performance over the use of a fixed filter under the time-varying and unknown statistics environments. This application evolved communications, signal processing, seismology, mechanical design, and control engineering. The most popular optimization criterion in adaptive filtering is the well-known minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion, which is, however, only optimal when the signals involved are Gaussian-distributed. Therefore, many "optimal solutions" under MMSE are not optimal. As an extension of the traditional MMSE, the minimum mean p-power error (MMPE) criterion has shown superior performance in many applications of adaptive filtering. This book aims to provide a comprehensive introduction of the MMPE and related adaptive filtering algorithms, which will become an important reference for researchers and practitioners in this application area. The book is geared to senior undergraduates with a basic understanding of linear algebra and statistics, graduate students, or practitioners with experience in adaptive signal processing. Key Features: Provides a systematic description of the MMPE criterion. Many adaptive filtering algorithms under MMPE, including linear and nonlinear filters, will be introduced. Extensive illustrative examples are included to demonstrate the results.

Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume II

Download Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume II PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811311358
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume II by : Nishchal K. Verma

Download or read book Computational Intelligence: Theories, Applications and Future Directions - Volume II written by Nishchal K. Verma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected proceedings of ICCI-2017, discussing theories, applications and future directions in the field of computational intelligence (CI). ICCI-2017 brought together international researchers presenting innovative work on self-adaptive systems and methods. This volume covers the current state of the field and explores new, open research directions. The book serves as a guide for readers working to develop and validate real-time problems and related applications using computational intelligence. It focuses on systems that deal with raw data intelligently, generate qualitative information that improves decision-making, and behave as smart systems, making it a valuable resource for researchers and professionals alike.

Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic

Download Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642352219
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic by : Barnabas Bede

Download or read book Mathematics of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic written by Barnabas Bede and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a mathematically-based introduction into the fascinating topic of Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic and might be used as textbook at both undergraduate and graduate levels and also as reference guide for mathematician, scientists or engineers who would like to get an insight into Fuzzy Logic. Fuzzy Sets have been introduced by Lotfi Zadeh in 1965 and since then, they have been used in many applications. As a consequence, there is a vast literature on the practical applications of fuzzy sets, while theory has a more modest coverage. The main purpose of the present book is to reduce this gap by providing a theoretical introduction into Fuzzy Sets based on Mathematical Analysis and Approximation Theory. Well-known applications, as for example fuzzy control, are also discussed in this book and placed on new ground, a theoretical foundation. Moreover, a few advanced chapters and several new results are included. These comprise, among others, a new systematic and constructive approach for fuzzy inference systems of Mamdani and Takagi-Sugeno types, that investigates their approximation capability by providing new error estimates.

Fuzzy Logic in Action: Applications in Epidemiology and Beyond

Download Fuzzy Logic in Action: Applications in Epidemiology and Beyond PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540690921
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Fuzzy Logic in Action: Applications in Epidemiology and Beyond by : Eduardo Massad

Download or read book Fuzzy Logic in Action: Applications in Epidemiology and Beyond written by Eduardo Massad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-03 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuzzy Logic in Action: Applications in Epidemiology and Beyond, co-authored by Eduardo Massad, Neli Ortega, Laécio Barros, and Cláudio Struchiner is a remarkable achievement. The book brings a major paradigm shift to medical sciences exploring the use of fuzzy sets in epidemiology and medical diagnosis arena. The volume addresses the most significant topics in the broad areas of epidemiology, mathematical modeling and uncertainty, embodying them within the framework of fuzzy set and dynamic systems theory. Written by leading contributors to the area of epidemiology, medical informatics and mathematics, the book combines a very lucid and authoritative exposition of the fundamentals of fuzzy sets with an insightful use of the fundamentals in the area of epidemiology and diagnosis. The content is clearly illustrated by numerous illustrative examples and several real world applications. Based on their profound knowledge of epidemiology and mathematical modeling, and on their keen understanding of the role played by uncertainty and fuzzy sets, the authors provide insights into the connections between biological phenomena and dynamic systems as a mean to predict, diagnose, and prescribe actions. An example is the use of Bellman-Zadeh fuzzy decision making approach to develop a vaccination strategy to manage measles epidemics in São Paulo. The book offers a comprehensive, systematic, fully updated and self- contained treatise of fuzzy sets in epidemiology and diagnosis. Its content covers material of vital interest to students, researchers and practitioners and is suitable both as a textbook and as a reference. The authors present new results of their own in most of the chapters. In doing so, they reflect the trend to view fuzzy sets, probability theory and statistics as an association of complementary and synergetic modeling methodologies.