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Exposure To Community Violence Posttraumatic Stress Disorder And Forgiveness Among Salvadoran Teachers
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Book Synopsis Exposure to Community Violence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Forgiveness Among Salvadoran Teachers by : Amy A. Potts
Download or read book Exposure to Community Violence, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Forgiveness Among Salvadoran Teachers written by Amy A. Potts and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research indicates that exposure to violence and the subsequent development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) threaten vulnerable populations in high-conflict areas. As a result of civil war and residual community violence (CV), Salvadorans experience trauma in multiple contexts. This study explores the relationships between exposure to CV, forgiveness, and PTSD. Literature searches reveal a lack of trauma research in cross-cultural settings. This study utilized survey data from 193 Salvadoran teachers and administrators. Findings indicated a significant positive correlation betvieen exposure to CV and PTSD severity, and a significant negative correlation between forgiveness and PTSD severity. Contrary to the 3rd hypothesis, forgiveness was not found to moderate the relationship between CV and PTSD. Implications for caregivers in similar settings are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Forgiveness on PTSD Symptoms in Salvadoran Teachers Exposed to Community Violence by : Roanne J. Tiongson
Download or read book The Impact of Forgiveness on PTSD Symptoms in Salvadoran Teachers Exposed to Community Violence written by Roanne J. Tiongson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a well-established relationship between community violence (CV) exposure and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Few researchers, however, have examined the relationship between forgiveness and these variables both in the US and in Central America. As El Salvador ranks as one of the most violent countries in Central America, educators in this country may be particularly vulnerable to increasing levels of exposure to community violence and be at a higher risk to develop PTSD symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between CV exposure, PTSD, and forgiveness in 256 Salvadoran teachers in both public and private schools in El Salvador. Findings indicate that teachers were exposed to multiple violent events during their lifetime, and younger teachers in the study reported more violence exposure than middle aged and older participants. Older participants were more forgiving than younger participants. Results from a mediation analysis with bootstrapping indicate that the relationship between CV exposure and PTSD symptomatology was mediated by forgiveness. These results suggest that educators who were exposed to CV and who practiced forgiveness also reported fewer PTSD symptoms. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Fatalism and Postraumatic Stress Disorder in a Sample of Educators in El Salvador by : Alexandra Clara Linscott
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Fatalism and Postraumatic Stress Disorder in a Sample of Educators in El Salvador written by Alexandra Clara Linscott and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Political turmoil, violence, and poverty are well known factors that have ravaged the country of El Salvador over the last century. Before his assassination, psychologist Ignacio Martin-Baró wrote extensively about the impact of these traumas on the Salvadorian people, and how the internalization of these struggles lead to a fatalistic worldview. Using measures of community violence exposure, fatalism, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the current study explored these variables in a sample of Salvadorian educators. Statistical analyses indicated a significant positive correlation between community violence exposure and PTSD, although no significant correlation between community violence exposure and fatalism was found. A third hypothesis of fatalism acting as a mediator between community violence exposure and PTSD was not supported.
Book Synopsis Exposure to Traumatic Death, Forgiveness, and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Teachers in El Salvador by : Robin D. Blair
Download or read book Exposure to Traumatic Death, Forgiveness, and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Teachers in El Salvador written by Robin D. Blair and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study investigates the relation between exposure to traumatic death, forgiveness and PTSD symptoms among 193 Salvadoran teachers and administrators in an attempt to better understand the interaction of these variables in a historically highconflict setting. The author did not find a significant correlation between exposure to traumatic death and PTSD severity, but did find a moderate inverse relationship between forgiveness and PTSD severity. Because only one of these two hypothesized relationships was statistically significant, the author could not test an interaction between exposure to death and level of forgiveness related to posttraumatic stress symptoms. The author discusses the implications of this result for caregivers in similar settings.
Book Synopsis Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth by : Jenny Reyes Siaw
Download or read book Students’ Perceptions of School Cohesion and PTSD Symptoms in Salvadorian Youth written by Jenny Reyes Siaw and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to community violence (CV) whether direct, indirect, or vicarious—can lead to adverse psychological problems such as posttraumatic stress symptoms in youth. El Salvador has been considered one of the most violent countries in Latin America (Geneva Declaration Secretariat, 2015) and as such, Salvadorian adolescents are at a higher risk of CV exposure. As youth spend a large amount of time in school, students’ perception of school cohesion may have an impact on their mental health. In this study, I tested the relationships between perception of school cohesion, the three types of CV lifetime exposure, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology in a sample of 813 Salvadorian adolescents. Results from a parallel mediation analysis with bootstrapping indicated that, after controlling for gender, age, and school type, school cohesion was significantly and negatively related to PTSD and all three levels of violence exposure. However, direct exposure was the only significant mediator between school cohesion and PTSD symptoms. Findings from this study suggested that high levels of perceived school cohesion could buffer the relationship between lifetime exposure to direct CV and adolescent endorsement of PTSD symptoms.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Claudine C. Hyatt
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Claudine C. Hyatt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vicarious Trauma Exposure, Community Violence Exposure, and PTSD Among Guatemalan Humanitarian Aid Workers by : Rebecca C. Roberts
Download or read book Vicarious Trauma Exposure, Community Violence Exposure, and PTSD Among Guatemalan Humanitarian Aid Workers written by Rebecca C. Roberts and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several researchers have examined the negative psychological effects that clients' traumatic material has on mental health workers and aid workers, including PTSD symptomatology. In the current study, the number of children that an aid worker serves directly, the workers' knowledge of community violence among children served, and the aid worker's personal, direct exposure to community violence were examined. Sixteen percent of workers reported severe levels of PTSD symptoms, and another 26% reported moderate levels of PTSD symptoms. A higher number of children on a worker's caseload was significantly related to worker PTSD, though not in the predicted direction; teachers with fewer students may have closer relationships with them, which may put the workers more at risk for vicarious exposure.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Among Guatemalan Humanitarian Aid Workers by : Jeanette I. Lantz
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure and Posttraumatic Stress Among Guatemalan Humanitarian Aid Workers written by Jeanette I. Lantz and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research indicates community violence exposure (CVE) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are significant challenges faced by aid workers. Additionally, national aid workers have been identified as being at greater risk for PTSD than international staff. The relationship between CVE and PTSD has yet to be studied in national aid workers. Also, it is unclear if gender is an important factor in the development of PTSD in national aid workers. These variables were examined in national aid workers in Guatemala. High levels of both CVE and PTSD symptomatology were present and a significant relationship was demonstrated between the two variables. However, gender was not a significant factor in determining who was more likely to experience PTSD symptoms.
Book Synopsis Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers by : Sherry Muterspaugh Walling
Download or read book Community Violence Exposure, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Posttraumatic Distress in a National Sample of Urban Workers written by Sherry Muterspaugh Walling and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence continues to plague urban communities. The impact of community violence has been widely researched in children and adolescents; however, adult members of urban communities have been largely overlooked. The current study investigated the community violence exposure of 284 urban community development workers across five U.S. cities. Exposure to community violence, history of adverse childhood experiences, and current level of posttraumatic distress were assessed in order to test the hypothesis that adverse childhood experiences moderate the relationship between community violence exposure and posttraumatic distress. The findings indicate that urban workers are exposed to high levels of community violence with 74.9% reporting direct victimization and 99% reporting indirect violence exposure. In addition, 99% of participants reported exposure to adverse childhood experiences, and 14% of the sample met the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A multiple regression analysis confirmed that adverse childhood experiences and community violence exposure were significantly positively related to PTSD. However, the significant interaction between the two predictors was suppressing rather than enhancing, indicating the salience of ACEs over and above community violence in predicting increased PTSD symptoms when both variables are present. Implications for urban work agencies are discussed.
Book Synopsis Personal Accomplishment and Perceived Need for Improvement in Self-care in a Group of Salvadorian Teachers Exposed to Community Violence by : Clara Isabel Aparicio
Download or read book Personal Accomplishment and Perceived Need for Improvement in Self-care in a Group of Salvadorian Teachers Exposed to Community Violence written by Clara Isabel Aparicio and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exposure to Gang Violence and the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Continuation School Youth by : Monica Villalobos Guevara
Download or read book Exposure to Gang Violence and the Development of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Continuation School Youth written by Monica Villalobos Guevara and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Posttraumatic Growth by : Richard G. Tedeschi
Download or read book Posttraumatic Growth written by Richard G. Tedeschi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Posttraumatic Growth reworks and overhauls the seminal 2006 Handbook of Posttraumatic Growth. It provides a wide range of answers to questions concerning knowledge of posttraumatic growth (PTG) theory, its synthesis and contrast with other theories and models, and its applications in diverse settings. The book starts with an overview of the history, components, and outcomes of PTG. Next, chapters review quantitative, qualitative, and cross-cultural research on PTG, including in relation to cognitive function, identity formation, cross-national and gender differences, and similarities and differences between adults and children. The final section shows readers how to facilitate optimal outcomes with PTG at the level of the individual, the group, the community, and society.
Book Synopsis Trauma Rehabilitation After War and Conflict by : Erin Martz
Download or read book Trauma Rehabilitation After War and Conflict written by Erin Martz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-04-15 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As foreign assistance flows into post-conflict regions to rebuild economies, roads, and schools, it is important that development professionals retain a focus on the purely human element of rebuilding lives and societies. This book provides perspective on just how to begin that process so that the trauma people suffered is not passed on to future generations long after the violence has stopped." - Amy T. Wilson, Ph.D., Gallaudet University, Washington, DC "This ground-breaking text provides the reader with an excellent and comprehensive overview of the existing field of trauma rehabilitation. It also masterfully navigates the intricate relationships among theory, research, and practice leaving the reader with immense appreciation for its subject matter." - Hanoch Livneh, Hanoch Livneh, Ph.D., LPC, CRC, Portland State University Fear, terror, helplessness, rage: for soldier and civilian alike, the psychological costs of war are staggering. And for those traumatized by chronic armed conflict, healing, recovery, and closure can seem like impossible goals. Demonstrating wide-ranging knowledge of the vulnerabilities and resilience of war survivors, the collaborators on Trauma Rehabilitation after War and Conflict analyze successful rehabilitative processes and intervention programs in conflict-affected areas of the world. Its dual focus on individual and community healing builds on the concept of the protective "trauma membrane," a component crucial to coping and healing, to humanitarian efforts (though one which is often passed over in favor of rebuilding infrastructure), and to promoting and sustaining peace. The book’s multiple perspectives—including public health, community-based systems, and trauma-focused approaches—reflect the complex psychological, social, and emotional stresses faced by survivors, to provide authoritative information on salient topics such as: Psychological rehabilitation of U.S. veterans, non-Western ex-combatants, and civilians Forgiveness and social reconciliation after armed conflict Psychosocial adjustment in the post-war setting Helping individuals heal from war-related rape The psychological impact on prisoners of war Rehabilitating the child soldier Rehabilitation after War and Conflict lucidly sets out the terms for the next stage of humanitarian work, making it essential reading for researchers and professionals in psychology, social work, rehabilitation, counseling, and public health.
Book Synopsis The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars by : Douglas Hamilton Johnson
Download or read book The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars written by Douglas Hamilton Johnson and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sudan's post-independence history has been dominated by long, recurring, and bloody civil wars. Most commentators have attributed the country's political and civil strife either to an age-old racial and ethnic divide between Arabs and Africans or to colonially constructed inequalities. In The Root Causes of Sudan's Civil Wars, Douglas H. Johnson examines historical, political, economic, and social factors to come to a more subtle understanding of the trajectory of Sudan's civil wars. Johnson focuses on the essential differences between the modern Sudan's first civil war in the 1960s, the current war, and the minor conflicts generated by and contained within the larger wars. Regional and international factors, such as humanitarian aid, oil revenue, and terrorist organizations, are cited and examined as underlying issues that have exacerbated the violence. Readers will find an immensely readable yet nuanced and well-informed handling of the history and politics of Sudan's civil wars.
Book Synopsis Treating Trauma in Christian Counseling by : Heather Davediuk Gingrich
Download or read book Treating Trauma in Christian Counseling written by Heather Davediuk Gingrich and published by InterVarsity Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With extensive experience treating complex trauma, Heather Gingrich and Fred Gingrich have brought together key essays representing the latest psychological research on trauma from a Christian integration perspective. This text introduces counseling approaches, trauma information, and Christian reflections for students, instructors, clinicians, and researchers alike.
Book Synopsis Reconciliation After Violent Conflict by : David Bloomfield
Download or read book Reconciliation After Violent Conflict written by David Bloomfield and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does a newly democratized nation constructively address the past to move from a divided history to a shared future? How do people rebuild coexistence after violence? The International IDEA Handbook on Reconciliation after Violent Conflict presents a range of tools that can be, and have been, employed in the design and implementation of reconciliation processes. Most of them draw on the experience of people grappling with the problems of past violence and injustice. There is no "right answer" to the challenge of reconciliation, and so the Handbook prescribes no single approach. Instead, it presents the options and methods, with their strengths and weaknesses evaluated, so that practitioners and policy-makers can adopt or adapt them, as best suits each specific context. Also available in a French language version.
Book Synopsis Understanding Teacher Stress in an Age of Accountability by : Richard Lambert
Download or read book Understanding Teacher Stress in an Age of Accountability written by Richard Lambert and published by IAP. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School districts today face increasing calls for accountability during a time when budgets are stretched and students’ needs have become increasingly complex. The teacher’s responsibility is to educate younger people, but now more than ever, teachers face demands on a variety of fronts. In addition to teaching academic content, schools are responsible for students’ performance on state-wide tests. They are also asked to play an increasingly larger role in children’s well-being, including their nutritional needs and social and emotional welfare. Teachers have shown themselves to be more than capable of taking up such challenges, but what price is paid for the increasing demands we are placing on our schools? Understanding Teacher Stress in an Age of Accountability is about the nature of teachers stress and the resources they can employ to cope with it. Accountability is a two-way street and the authors in this volume suggest remedies for reducing teacher stress and in all likelihood increasing student learning—greater administrative support, more and better instructional materials, specialized resources targeted at demanding children, parental support, and professional recognition. Readers will discover that lack of funding, low pay, concerns about academic performance and student misbehavior, and increased public and governmental scrutiny are not exclusive to the United States. In this volume, the third in a series on Research on Stress and Coping in Education, authors from Australia, Turkey, Malaysia, and the Netherlands sound the same alarms, post the same warnings, and draw similarly disturbing conclusions.
