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Exploring Age Related Differences In Visual Working Memory Capacity And The Role Of Filtering Efficiency
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Book Synopsis Exploring Age-related Differences in Visual Working-memory Capacity and the Role of Filtering Efficiency by : Tina Schwarzkopp
Download or read book Exploring Age-related Differences in Visual Working-memory Capacity and the Role of Filtering Efficiency written by Tina Schwarzkopp and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring Age-related Differences in Visual Working-memory Capacity and the Role of Filtering Effiency by : Tina Schwarzkopp
Download or read book Exploring Age-related Differences in Visual Working-memory Capacity and the Role of Filtering Effiency written by Tina Schwarzkopp and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood by : Mary L. Courage
Download or read book The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood written by Mary L. Courage and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2022-05-16 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Development of Memory in Infancy and Childhood provides a thorough update and expansion of the previous edition and offers new research on significant themes and ideas that have emerged in the past decade such as the cognitive neuroscience of memory development, autobiographical memory and infantile amnesia, and the cognitive and social factors that underlie memory for events. In this volume, Courage and Cowan bring together leading international experts to review the current state of the science of memory development in their own research areas. They note questions of theory and basic science addressed in their research, highlight the real-world applications of those findings, and propose an agenda for future research. The book also considers the implications of their work for the development of atypical children, specifically, how these new findings might be adapted to enrich the lives of those children and to inform and validate our current expectations of individual differences in the development of typical children. The first of three groups of chapters focuses on basic neurobiological, perceptual, and cognitive processes that underlie memory and its development (i.e., encoding, consolidation and storage, retrieval). The second group focuses primarily on the social, contextual, and cultural factors that enable, shape, and mediate these basic processes, while the rest of the chapters focus on practical applications of this knowledge to real-world settings and issues. The book provides a new look at memory development, including new topics such as spatial representation and spatial working, prospective memory, false memories, and memory and culture. This classic yet contemporary volume will appeal to senior undergraduate and graduate students of developmental and cognitive psychology, as well as to developmental psychologists who want a compendium of key topics in memory development.
Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity by : Nelson Cowan
Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.
Book Synopsis Examining Representations of Relevant and Irrelevant Items in Visual Working Memory by : Carolyn Louise Guay
Download or read book Examining Representations of Relevant and Irrelevant Items in Visual Working Memory written by Carolyn Louise Guay and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inhibitory deficit hypothesis suggests that older adults fail to suppress irrelevant information, resulting in impaired memory for task-relevant items and increased priming of distractors (Hasher et al., 1988). In contrast, younger adults seem to filter out extraneous information and ultimately remember target items better. We set out to explore these differences by investigating how relevant and irrelevant items are represented in the brain. Using a classifier trained on four image categories, we found that while younger adults were unaffected by the representational similarity of simultaneously presented categories, older adults actually performed better when category similarity was higher. This contradicted our hypothesis that greater representational similarity would result in increased interference between studied stimuli, adding strain to already weak inhibitory mechanisms and further impairing memory for targets in older adults. These surprising results may lead to fruitful new avenues of research and opportunities to build on existing theoretical frameworks.
Book Synopsis The Development of Working Memory by : Anik de Ribaupierre
Download or read book The Development of Working Memory written by Anik de Ribaupierre and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue of the International Journal of Behavioral Development brings together research on the development of working memory that arises within two quite different approaches.
Book Synopsis Individual and Age-related Differences in the Writing Process by : Maureen J. Hoskyn
Download or read book Individual and Age-related Differences in the Writing Process written by Maureen J. Hoskyn and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Visual Attention-Related Processing by : Andrea Tales
Download or read book Visual Attention-Related Processing written by Andrea Tales and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual attention is essential for environmental interactions, but our ability to respond to stimuli gradually declines across the lifespan, and such deficits are even more pronounced in various states of cognitive impairment. Examining the integrity of related components, from elements of attention capture to executive control, will improve our understanding of related declines by helping to explain behavioural and neural effects, which will ultimately contribute towards our knowledge of the extent of dysfunctional attention processes and their impact upon everyday life. Accordingly, this Special Issue represents a body of literature that fundamentally advances insights into visual attention processing, featuring studies spanning healthy ageing, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia
Book Synopsis Age Related Differences in the Dynamic Assessment of Working Memory when Predicting Reading and Math Outcomes by : Jared James Saunders
Download or read book Age Related Differences in the Dynamic Assessment of Working Memory when Predicting Reading and Math Outcomes written by Jared James Saunders and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional approaches to intelligence and cognitive assessment have been criticized because they assess an individual's prior knowledge rather than their aptitude to learn. Dynamic assessment has been proposed to address this limitation by integrating forms of learning into the assessment process. Dynamic assessment has been applied to many different arenas including intelligence, speech and language, and areas of achievement, and has generally been found to predict additional variance in the criterion measure beyond that which is predicted by the static measures. However, the variables that potentially moderate this additional variance have not been clearly explored. The purpose of this study is to evaluate at least three moderating variables (age, modality, type of dynamic measure) that may interact with the contribution of dynamic assessment of working memory performance in the predictions of reading and math performance. Three research questions are proposed which ask (1) does dynamic assessment of working memory contribute unique variance in predictions of reading and math performance above that of the static assessment, (2) does age moderate the effectiveness of dynamic assessment of a domain general construct of working memory in predictions of achievement measures, and (3) does performance on visual and verbal measures of working memory interact with age when predicting reading and math performance. Results of the study find support that dynamic assessment contributes unique variance in predictions of reading and math achievement. However, these results were qualified since age x dynamic interactions emerged when analyzing working memory as both a domain general and domain specific construct. The majority of these interactions were limited to predictions of math achievement. Implications of these findings and limitations of the study are discussed.
Book Synopsis Working Memory and Ageing by : Robert H. Logie
Download or read book Working Memory and Ageing written by Robert H. Logie and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-06-20 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid growth in the numbers of older people worldwide has led to an equally rapid growth in research on the changes across age in cognitive function, including the processes of moment to moment cognition known as working memory. This book brings together international research leaders who address major questions about how age affects working memory: Why is working memory function much better preserved in some people than others? In all healthy adults, which aspects of working memory are retained in later years and which aspects start declining in early adulthood? Can cognitive training help slow cognitive decline with age? How are changes in brain structures, connectivity and activation patterns related to important changes in working memory function? Impairments of cognition, and particularly of working memory, can be major barriers to independent living. The chapters of this book dispel some popular myths about cognitive ageing, while presenting the state of the science on how and why working memory functions as it does throughout the adult lifespan. Working Memory and Aging is the first volume to provide an overview of the burgeoning literature on changes in working memory function across healthy and pathological ageing, and it will be of great interest to advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers in psychology and related subject areas concerned with the effects of human ageing, including several areas of medicine.
Book Synopsis Visuo-spatial Working Memory and Individual Differences by : Cesare Cornoldi
Download or read book Visuo-spatial Working Memory and Individual Differences written by Cesare Cornoldi and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004-06-02 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Cornoldi and Vecchi describe a coherent experimental approach to the investigation of visuo-spatial cognition, based upon the analysis of individual differences.
Book Synopsis The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory by : Naoyuki Osaka
Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is only relatively recently that it has been possible to study the neural processes that might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. This volume brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarise current knowledge of this field.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging by : Ayanna K. Thomas
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Cognitive Aging written by Ayanna K. Thomas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-28 with total page 1019 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that normal aging is accompanied by cognitive change. Much of this change has been conceptualized as a decline in function. However, age-related changes are not universal, and decrements in older adult performance may be moderated by experience, genetics, and environmental factors. Cognitive aging research to date has also largely emphasized biological changes in the brain, with less evaluation of the range of external contributors to behavioral manifestations of age-related decrements in performance. This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge cognitive aging research through the lens of a life course perspective that takes into account both behavioral and neural changes. Focusing on the fundamental principles that characterize a life course approach - genetics, early life experiences, motivation, emotion, social contexts, and lifestyle interventions - this handbook is an essential resource for researchers in cognition, aging, and gerontology.
Book Synopsis The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke by : Olivier Godefroy
Download or read book The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke written by Olivier Godefroy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-01-18 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The care of stroke patients has changed dramatically. As well as improvements in the emergency care of the condition, there have been marked advances in our understanding, management and rehabilitation of residual deficits. This book is about the care of stroke patients, focusing on behavioural and cognitive problems. It provides a comprehensive review of the field covering the diagnostic value of these conditions, in the acute and later phases, their requirements in terms of treatment and management and the likelihood and significance of long-term disability. This book will appeal to all clinicians involved in the care of stroke patients, as well as to neuropsychologists, other rehabilitation therapists and research scientists investigating the underlying neuroscience.
Book Synopsis The Cognitive Neuroscience of Visual Working Memory by : Natasha Sigala
Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Visual Working Memory written by Natasha Sigala and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-06-02 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual working memory allows us to temporarily maintain and manipulate visual information in order to solve a task. The study of the brain mechanisms underlying this function began more than a half century ago, with Scoville and Milner’s (1957) seminal discoveries with amnesic patients. This timely collection of papers brings together diverse perspectives on the cognitive neuroscience of visual working memory from multiple fields that have traditionally been fairly disjointed: human neuroimaging, electrophysiological, behavioural and animal lesion studies, investigating both the developing and the adult brain.
Book Synopsis Characterizing the Limits of Visual Working Memory by : Kirsten Caroline Sandage Adam
Download or read book Characterizing the Limits of Visual Working Memory written by Kirsten Caroline Sandage Adam and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual working memory is a mental workspace used to temporarily maintain and manipulate visual information. Although we can perceive the visual world around us in seemingly infinite richness and detail, only a fraction of these details can be held in working memory at any given time. Thus, working memory is described as a capacity-limited system, and individual differences in working memory capacity strongly predict individual differences in fluid intelligence and academic achievement. Despite the importance of working memory capacity for cognition, the nature and definition of capacity limits are still under extensive debate. In this dissertation, I use novel behavioral and neural measures to interrogate the limits of visual working memory and to inform these ongoing debates. In Chapter 1, I summarize key questions related to the limitations of visual working memory, focusing on capacity limits in working memory and individual differences in these limits. In Chapter 2, I characterize the dynamic nature of visual working memory performance by measuring and modeling how fluctuations of attention influence working memory. In Chapter 3, I address critiques of capacity limits by theoretical models which propose that all items receive mnemonic resources (i.e. no truly uninformed guesses are necessary). I demonstrate how looking at within-trial mnemonic variability, rather than average data, can provide clear evidence against these capacity-unlimited models. Finally, in Chapter 4, I ask whether we can further bolster evidence for capacity limits by decoding the content of active working memory signals in EEG (the topography of alpha-band power). Together, these studies inform contemporary models of visual working memory, supporting a capacity-limited system whose efficacy varies dynamically under the influence of attention.
Book Synopsis Working Memory and Learning by : Susan Gathercole
Download or read book Working Memory and Learning written by Susan Gathercole and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2008-01-09 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Tracy Alloway has been awarded the prestigious Joseph Lister Award from the British Science Association. ′The authors have written a guide for practitioners that is both highly practical, and yet based upon sound theoretical principles....This book achieves a successful, yet often elusive, link between theory, research and practice, and deserves to have a high readership. I will have no hesitation in recommending it to a range of readers′ - Jane Mott, Support for Learning ′This book fulfils its aim to explain working memory and the limits it places on children′s classroom learning. For teachers it gives a very clear guide and fills a gap in understanding that can only lead to more child-centred approaches to teaching and learning′ - Lynn Ambler, Support for Learning ′A clear and accessible account of current theory and research, which is then applied to children′s learning in the classroom....The range of strategies...are well grounded in theory derived from research and sit within a coherent conceptual model′ - The Psychologist ′An easy to read yet informative book that explains the concepts clearly and offers practitioners ways to support those with poor working memory in the classroom′ - SNIP `The topic of working memory nowadays tends to dominate discussions with teachers and parents, and both groups can helpfully be directed to this easy-to-read but serious text ... (it) is likely to prove a turning-point in the management and facilitation of hard-to-teach children. In a situation muddied by ever-multiplying syndromes and disorders, this book delivers a clarifying and reassuring isolation of the major cognitive characteristic that cuts across all the boundaries and leaves the class teacher and SENCO empowered. I think very highly of the book and shall be recommending it steadily′ - Martin Turner, Child Center for Evaluation and Teaching, Kuwait Susan Gathercole is winner of the British Psychological Society′s President′s Award for 2007 A good working memory is crucial to becoming a successful learner, yet there is very little material available in an easy-to-use format that explains the concept and offers practitioners ways to support children with poor working memory in the classroom. This book provides a coherent overview of the role played by working memory in learning during the school years, and uses theory to inform good practice. Topics covered include: - the link between working memory skills and key areas of learning (such as literacy & numeracy) - the relationship between working memory and children with developmental disorders - assessment of children for working memory deficits - strategies for supporting working memory in under-performing children This accessible guide will help SENCOs, teachers, teaching assistants, speech and language therapists and educational psychologists to understand and address working memory in their setting.
