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Exoplanets Compositions Mineralogy Evolution
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Book Synopsis Exoplanets: Compositions, Mineralogy, Evolution by : Natalie R. Hinkel
Download or read book Exoplanets: Compositions, Mineralogy, Evolution written by Natalie R. Hinkel and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2024-09-02 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus for RiMG volume 90 is on rocky exoplanets because the search for truly Earth-like planets is of special interest. The goal is to motivate communication between the disciplines so as to make the best use possible of existing data and data yet to be collected by the James Webb and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescopes, since the astronomy community is gathering data on stars and exoplanets at an accelerating rate. Such data now include exoplanet size and mass (i.e., density) as well as their atmospheric compositions, which are collectively telltale of mineralogy and evolution. Much of what is published may still fall in the realm of educated speculation, but our conjectures are metamorphosing into testable hypotheses. There is now a remarkably large amount of astronomical data (with even more on the way) that geochemists and petrologists can make much use of. But just as astronomers may benefit from geologic insights, geologists need our colleagues in astronomy to help interpret their data and their underlying implications to better understand its astronomical context. Our hopes for this volume will be fulfilled if readers initiate their own analyses of what at present may seem like novel or unusual data, and if new collaborations between academic departments and subfields are forged.
Book Synopsis Saturn in the 21st Century by : Kevin H. Baines
Download or read book Saturn in the 21st Century written by Kevin H. Baines and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A detailed overview of Saturn's formation, evolution and structure written by eminent planetary scientists involved in the Cassini Orbiter mission.
Book Synopsis The Early Evolution of the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets by : J.M. Trigo-Rodriguez
Download or read book The Early Evolution of the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets written by J.M. Trigo-Rodriguez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “The Early Evolution of the Atmospheres of Terrestrial Planets” presents the main processes participating in the atmospheric evolution of terrestrial planets. A group of experts in the different fields provide an update of our current knowledge on this topic. Several papers in this book discuss the key role of nitrogen in the atmospheric evolution of terrestrial planets. The earliest setting and evolution of planetary atmospheres of terrestrial planets is directly associated with accretion, chemical differentiation, outgassing, stochastic impacts, and extremely high energy fluxes from their host stars. This book provides an overview of the present knowledge of the initial atmospheric composition of the terrestrial planets. Additionally it includes some papers about the current exoplanet discoveries and provides additional clues to our understanding of Earth’s transition from a hot accretionary phase into a habitable world. All papers included were reviewed by experts in their respective fields. We are living in an epoch of important exoplanet discoveries, but current properties of these exoplanets do not match our scientific predictions using standard terrestrial planet models. This book deals with the main physio-chemical signatures and processes that could be useful to better understand the formation of rocky planets.
Download or read book Exoplanets written by Sara Seager and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time in human history, we know for certain the existence of planets around other stars. Now the fastest-growing field in space science, the time is right for this fundamental source book on the topic which will lay the foundation for its continued growth. Exoplanets serves as both an introduction for the non-specialist and a foundation for the techniques and equations used in exoplanet observation by those dedicated to the field.
Book Synopsis Planetary Crusts by : S. Ross Taylor
Download or read book Planetary Crusts written by S. Ross Taylor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference volume surveys the development of crusts on solid planets and satellites in the solar system.
Book Synopsis Diving Deep Into Rocky Exoplanets by : Kaustubh Hakim
Download or read book Diving Deep Into Rocky Exoplanets written by Kaustubh Hakim and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately one-third of about four thousand known exoplanets are possibly rocky in nature. The chemical and physical diversity of rocky exoplanets is well beyond that of the rocky planets of our solar system; Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. In this thesis, we investigate the mineralogy, structure, evolution, and habitability of rocky exoplanets by implementing laboratory and computational tools from geosciences. We derive a new ab initio equation of state of iron using density functional theory valid at and beyond the core pressures of super-Earths. We show that extrapolations of equations of state to pressures beyond their validity range result in significant errors in estimating the interior properties of planets. We perform high-pressure high-temperature experiments on chemical mixtures representative of the bulk composition of carbon-rich rocky exoplanets and find that graphite (and diamond, depending on pressure) is the dominant carbon-bearing mineral. Such exoplanets likely contain an iron-rich core, a silicate mantle, and a graphite outer shell. We also show that silicon carbide, another carbon-bearing mineral thought to be an important constituent of these exoplanets, is stable only if all oxidized iron in the planetary interior is reduced to its metallic state. Using a parameterized mantle convection model, we compute the thermal evolution of rocky exoplanets with a graphite outer shell and find that the graphite shell exhibits a thermal shielding effect resulting in a slower cooling of the planet. A priori these graphite-shell exoplanets are likely uninhabitable because of a lack of life-building elements at their surface other than carbon, however thin graphite shells might still allow habitability.
Author :M.R. Lee Publisher :The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland ISBN 13 :0903056550 Total Pages :308 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Planetary Mineralogy written by M.R. Lee and published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the EMU Notes in Mineralogy is one of the outcomes of a school in planetary mineralogy that was held in Glasgow, Scotland, in 2014. The school was inspired by the recent advances in our understanding of the nature and evolution of our Solar System that have come from the missions to study and sample asteroids and comets, and the very successful Mars orbiters and landers. At the same time our horizons have expanded greatly with the discovery of extrasolar protoplanetary disks, planets and planetary systems by space telescopes. The continued success of such telescopic and robotic exploration requires a supply of highly skilled people and so one of the goals of the Glasgow school was to help build a community of early-career planetary scientists and space engineers.
Book Synopsis Mantle Convection in the Earth and Planets by : Gerald Schubert
Download or read book Mantle Convection in the Earth and Planets written by Gerald Schubert and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 1016 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and up-to-date synthesis of all aspects of mantle convection, for advanced students and researchers.
Download or read book Exoplanets written by Steff Jaywan and published by Dedona Publishing. This book was released on with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring exoplanets opens up a realm of possibilities for understanding the vastness of the cosmos. With over 4,000 confirmed exoplanets discovered to date, each new finding offers a glimpse into the incredible diversity of worlds that exist beyond our solar system. These exoplanets vary in size, composition, and orbital characteristics, ranging from rocky planets similar to Earth to gas giants many times the size of Jupiter. Some orbit their stars at a distance where liquid water, and potentially life, could exist—a key factor in the search for habitable worlds. By studying the atmospheres and compositions of exoplanets, scientists aim to uncover clues about their formation, evolution, and potential for hosting life. The ongoing discovery and study of exoplanets continue to reshape our understanding of the universe and our place within it.
Book Synopsis Can We Predict the Composition of an Exoplanet? by : Joseph G. Schulze
Download or read book Can We Predict the Composition of an Exoplanet? written by Joseph G. Schulze and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is the Earth unique in its habitability, or is it just one of many life-hosting planets in the universe? The key to answering this question lies in determining how rocky planets form and evolve, which can be inferred from how similar/dissimilar the compositions of such planets are to their host stars. For instance, the terrestrial planets formed from a disk made of the same material as the Sun. The compositions of Earth, Venus, and Mars are consistent with the relative amounts of the major rock-building materials (Fe, Mg, Si) found in the Sun. Mercury, however, is much more iron-enriched relative to the Sun. This implies that it underwent a different formation/evolutionary pathway, likely a single or series of catastrophic mantle-stripping collisions during the late stages of its formation. In short, Mercury and Earth have two very different histories, which is realized in how their compositions deviate from the Sun’s. Therefore, understanding the relative importance of various formation and evolution processes for rocky exoplanets hinges on first determining how consistent the compositions of these planets are with their host stars. In this work, I develop a statistical framework for assessing the degree to which super-Earth’s reflect the refractory compositions of their host stars. I implement this framework on the 8 best-measured super-Earths for which the host star’s composition is known and explore the possibility of secondary atmospheres to explain super-Earths with an apparent iron-depletion relative to their host.
Book Synopsis Ultrahigh-pressure Mineralogy by : Russell Julian Hemley
Download or read book Ultrahigh-pressure Mineralogy written by Russell Julian Hemley and published by de Gruyter. This book was released on 1998 with total page 700 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 37 of Reviews in Mineralogy moves from the complexity of rocks to their mineral components and finally to fundamental properties arising directly from the play of electrons and nuclei. This volume was prepared for a short course by the same t
Book Synopsis Planetary Astrobiology by : Victoria Meadows
Download or read book Planetary Astrobiology written by Victoria Meadows and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2020-07-07 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are we alone in the universe? How did life arise on our planet? How do we search for life beyond Earth? These profound questions excite and intrigue broad cross sections of science and society. Answering these questions is the province of the emerging, strongly interdisciplinary field of astrobiology. Life is inextricably tied to the formation, chemistry, and evolution of its host world, and multidisciplinary studies of solar system worlds can provide key insights into processes that govern planetary habitability, informing the search for life in our solar system and beyond. Planetary Astrobiology brings together current knowledge across astronomy, biology, geology, physics, chemistry, and related fields, and considers the synergies between studies of solar systems and exoplanets to identify the path needed to advance the exploration of these profound questions. Planetary Astrobiology represents the combined efforts of more than seventy-five international experts consolidated into twenty chapters and provides an accessible, interdisciplinary gateway for new students and seasoned researchers who wish to learn more about this expanding field. Readers are brought to the frontiers of knowledge in astrobiology via results from the exploration of our own solar system and exoplanetary systems. The overarching goal of Planetary Astrobiology is to enhance and broaden the development of an interdisciplinary approach across the astrobiology, planetary science, and exoplanet communities, enabling a new era of comparative planetology that encompasses conditions and processes for the emergence, evolution, and detection of life.
Book Synopsis Extra-Solar Planets by : Bonnie Steves
Download or read book Extra-Solar Planets written by Bonnie Steves and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-12-07 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the discovery of the first exoplanet orbiting a main sequence star in 1995, nearly 500 planets have been detected, with this number expected to increase dramatically as new ground-based planetary searches begin to report their results. Emerging techniques offer the tantalizing possibility of detecting an Earth-mass planet in the habitable zon
Download or read book Treatise on Geophysics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 5604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics, Second Edition, is a comprehensive and in-depth study of the physics of the Earth beyond what any geophysics text has provided previously. Thoroughly revised and updated, it provides fundamental and state-of-the-art discussion of all aspects of geophysics. A highlight of the second edition is a new volume on Near Surface Geophysics that discusses the role of geophysics in the exploitation and conservation of natural resources and the assessment of degradation of natural systems by pollution. Additional features include new material in the Planets and Moon, Mantle Dynamics, Core Dynamics, Crustal and Lithosphere Dynamics, Evolution of the Earth, and Geodesy volumes. New material is also presented on the uses of Earth gravity measurements. This title is essential for professionals, researchers, professors, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of Geophysics and Earth system science. Comprehensive and detailed coverage of all aspects of geophysics Fundamental and state-of-the-art discussions of all research topics Integration of topics into a coherent whole
Book Synopsis Formation and Evolution of Exoplanets by : Rory Barnes
Download or read book Formation and Evolution of Exoplanets written by Rory Barnes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-04-05 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Die Theorie der Planetenentstehung, im Zusammenhang präsentiert: Hier finden Sie Informationen zu allen wichtigen Aspekten, dazu sorgfältig recherchierte Literaturverweise und Bibliographien zum Weiterlesen. Mit einem Kapitel zu den jüngsten Beobachtungen.
Book Synopsis Planetary Science by : George H. A. Cole
Download or read book Planetary Science written by George H. A. Cole and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the popular first edition, stellar and planetary scientists have produced numerous new observations, theories, and interpretations, including the "demotion" of our former ninth planet Pluto as a dwarf planet. Covering all of these new discoveries, Planetary Science: The Science of Planets around Stars, Second Edition explains the science associated with the planets, the stars they orbit, and the interactions between them. It examines the formation, evolution, and death of stars and the properties of the Sun that influence the planets of the Solar System. Along with more problems, this second edition adds new material and improves some analytical treatments. The book consists of two main components. For students unfamiliar with stellar properties or the overall structure of the Solar System, the first part gives a general picture of the system as a whole and the interrelationships of the bodies within it. It presents an overview of the nature of stars and the Solar System as well as important results obtained by scientific analysis. The second component is a set of 43 appendices describing the majority of the underlying science required to explain the main features of the Solar System. These appendices cover a variety of specialized topics, from mineralogy to the mechanical interactions of radiation and matter. End-of-chapter problems give students a quantitative understanding of stellar and solar system phenomena. The text shows how useful estimates of various quantities can be made even when characteristics of the system are not known with any precision. While the problems can be completed with a hand calculator, students are encouraged to use the Fortran computer programs provided on the book’s CRC Press web page. Avoiding excessive details, this textbook offers a comprehensive account of stellar and planetary topics. It is suitable for students from a range of disciplines, including astronomy, geology, and earth sciences. The book provides students with an understanding of the nature of the Solar System and the influences that govern its behavior, helping them develop an appreciation of the forces that can influence our planet in the future.
Book Synopsis Variation in Exoplanetary Structure and Mineralogy from Observed Stellar Metallicities, and Related Geophysical Implications by : John Carleton Rarick
Download or read book Variation in Exoplanetary Structure and Mineralogy from Observed Stellar Metallicities, and Related Geophysical Implications written by John Carleton Rarick and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the detection of thousands of exoplanetary candidates, too few of these are known to resemble Earth in terms of volume and composition for many meaningful statistics on Earth-sized exoplanets to be obtained. Therefore, we instead estimate the bulk mineralogy of Earth-sized planet models, using the emission spectra of Sun-like stars. It is possible to convert the results of many stellar spectral observations into major oxides, thus allowing conversion of these oxides to silicate mantle mineralogies, similar to work done by Unterborn et al. (2017), as well as estimate the relative volume of a metallic core for cases where terrestrial worlds are near Earth's size. This approach provides a way to anticipate how such exoplanets may differ from Earth structurally, compositionally, and perhaps in terms of geologic behavior. In order to isolate the effects on an otherwise Earth-analogue planet due only to initial variations in elemental composition, the volume, surface temperature, hydrosphere, and atmosphere are all considered equal to Earth, as differences in these aspects of a planet are not directly linked to the composition of the host star. The goal is to increase understanding of effects due solely to differences in initial bulk chemical composition and provide improved mineralogical and geophysical constraints of planets which may orbit roughly solar-analogue stars.
