Excitatory Amino Acids In Health And Disease

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Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309212219
Total Pages : 74 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-08-05 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.

Excitatory Amino Acids in Health and Disease

Author : David Lodge (Ph. D.)
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Excitatory Amino Acids in Health and Disease by : David Lodge (Ph. D.)

Download or read book Excitatory Amino Acids in Health and Disease written by David Lodge (Ph. D.) and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1988 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resulting from the Annual Biological Council Symposium on Drug Action held at the Royal Institution in London in April 1987, this book provides an up-to-date review of Excitatory Amino Acid (EAA) research. The list of international contributors is drawn from the forefront of scientists investigating EAAs.

Kainic Acid as a Tool in Neurobiology

Author : Edith G. McGeer
Publisher : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Kainic Acid as a Tool in Neurobiology by : Edith G. McGeer

Download or read book Kainic Acid as a Tool in Neurobiology written by Edith G. McGeer and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 1978 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The NMDA Receptors

Author : Kenji Hashimoto
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319497952
Total Pages : 153 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The NMDA Receptors by : Kenji Hashimoto

Download or read book The NMDA Receptors written by Kenji Hashimoto and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-08 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a history of and an update on the functional status of the NMDA receptors. The NMDA receptors are essential for neuronal development, synaptic plasticity, learning, and cell survival. It covers molecular, cellular, anatomical, biochemical, and behavioral aspects, to highlight their distinctive regulatory properties, their functional significance, and their therapeutic potential in a number of diseases. A group of international experts discuss the development of NMDA receptors, their basic functions, and how they are implicated in a wide range of diseases including depression, psychosis, and pain.

Companion to Psychiatric Studies

Author : Eve C. Johnstone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 852 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Companion to Psychiatric Studies by : Eve C. Johnstone

Download or read book Companion to Psychiatric Studies written by Eve C. Johnstone and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive and authoritative resource thoroughly covers the basic science of psychiatry as well as its clinical practice. It succinctly presents all of the information needed for psychiatric certification. The 7th Edition features a new soft-cover binding and a more user-friendly format, as well as an increased focus on evidence-based medicine.

Current Catalog

Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1060 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.

Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology

Author : Leslie Iversen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195380533
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology by : Leslie Iversen

Download or read book Introduction to Neuropsychopharmacology written by Leslie Iversen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The text ranges from drugs that affect the mood and behavior to hypnotics, narcotics, anticonvulsants, and analgesics, as well as a variety of drugs that affect the autonomic nervous system and psychoactive drugs used for non-medical reasons - nicotine, alcohol, opiates, psychostimulants and cannabis."--BOOK JACKET.

Plant Toxins

Author : P. Gopalakrishnakone
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789400767287
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (672 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Toxins by : P. Gopalakrishnakone

Download or read book Plant Toxins written by P. Gopalakrishnakone and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030544621
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by : Guoyao Wu

Download or read book Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health written by Guoyao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amino acids (AAs) are not only building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules as well as regulators of gene expression and the protein phosphorylation cascade. Additionally, AAs are key precursors for syntheses of hormones and low-molecular weight nitrogenous substances with each having enormous biological importance. For example, physiological concentrations of AA metabolites (e.g., nitric oxide, polyamines, glutathione, taurine, thyroid hormones, and serotonin) are required for cell functions. Growing evidence shows that humans and animals have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs. Mammals, birds and fish also have species- and age-dependent needs for some AA-related substances. However, elevated levels of other products (e.g., ammonia, homocysteine, H2S, and asymmetric dimethylarginine) are pathogenic factors for neurological disorders, oxidative stress, and cardiovascular disease. Thus, optimal amounts of AAs and their ratios in diets and circulation are crucial for whole body homeostasis and health. Adequate provision of one or a mixture of functional AAs or metabolites may be beneficial for ameliorating health problems at various stages of the life cycle (e.g., fetal growth restriction, neonatal morbidity and mortality, weaning-associated intestinal dysfunction and wasting syndrome, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, and infertility). Dietary supplementation of these nutrients can also optimize the efficiency of metabolic transformations to enhance muscle growth, milk production, and athletic performance, while preventing excess fat deposition and reducing adiposity. Therefore, functional AAs hold great promise in improving the growth, health and well-being of individuals. Chapter 7 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle

Author : Arne Schousboe
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319450964
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle by : Arne Schousboe

Download or read book The Glutamate/GABA-Glutamine Cycle written by Arne Schousboe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamental biochemical studies of basic brain metabolism focusing on the neuroactive amino acids glutamate and GABA combined with the seminal observation that one of the key enzymes, glutamine synthetase is localized in astroglial cells but not in neurons resulted in the formulation of the term “The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle.” In this cycle glutamate released from neurons is taken up by surrounding astrocytes, amidated by the action of glutamine synthetase to glutamine which can be transferred back to the neurons. The conversion of glutamate to glutamine is like a stealth technology, hiding the glutamate molecule which would be highly toxic to neurons due to its excitotoxic action. This series of reactions require the concerted and precise interaction of a number of enzymes and plasma membrane transporters, and this volume provides in-depth descriptions of these processes. Obviously such a series of complicated reactions may well be prone to malfunction and therefore neurological diseases are likely to be associated with such malfunction of the enzymes and transporters involved in the cycle. These aspects are also discussed in several chapters of the book. A number of leading experts in neuroscience including intermediary metabolism, enzymology and transporter physiology have contributed to this book which provides comprehensive discussions of these different aspects of the functional importance of the glutamate-glutamine cycle coupling homeostasis of glutamatergic, excitatory neurotransmission to basic aspects of brain energy metabolism. This book will be of particular importance for students as well as professionals interested in these fundamental processes involved in brain function and dysfunction.

Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health

Author : Guoyao Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030453286
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health by : Guoyao Wu

Download or read book Amino Acids in Nutrition and Health written by Guoyao Wu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-06 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume comprehensively highlights recent advances in the metabolism, nutrition, physiology, and pathobiology of amino acids in all the systems of humans and other animals (including livestock, poultry, companion animals, and fish). It enables readers to understand the crucial roles of amino acids and their metabolites in the health and diseases of the circulatory, digestive, endocrine, immune, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, and urinary systems, as well as the sense organs (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and tongue). Readers will learn that amino acids are not only the building blocks of protein, but are also signalling molecules, as well as regulators of gene expression, metabolic processes and developmental changes in the body. This knowledge will guide nutritional practices to improve the growth, development and health of humans and other animals, as well as prevent and treat chronic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders) and infectious (e.g., bacterial, fungal, parasite, and viral) diseases. Editor of this volume is an internationally recognized expert in nutritional biochemistry. He has over 38 years of experience with research and teaching at world-class universities in the area of amino acid biochemistry, nutrition, and physiology. He has published more than 625 papers in peer-reviewed journals, 62 chapters in books, and authored two text/reference books, with an H-index of 117 and more than 55,000 citations in Google Scholar. This publication is a useful reference for professionals as well as undergraduate and graduate students in animal science, biochemistry, biomedical engineering, biology, human medicine, food science, kinesiology, nursing, nutrition, pharmacology, physiology, toxicology, veterinary medicine, and other related disciplines. In addition, all chapters provide general and specific references to amino acids in systems health for researchers and practitioners in biomedicine, animal and plant agriculture, and aquaculture, and for government policy makers.

National Library of Medicine Current Catalog

Author : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1068 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis National Library of Medicine Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)

Download or read book National Library of Medicine Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 1068 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Glutathione In The Nervous System

Author : Christopher Ari Shaw
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781560326434
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Glutathione In The Nervous System by : Christopher Ari Shaw

Download or read book Glutathione In The Nervous System written by Christopher Ari Shaw and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-02-27 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this text is to focus readers attention on three major areas; the origin and localization of GSH in the nervous system; the multiple effects of GSH on neural health activity; and the potential for alterations on GSH status to lead to neurological damage of the type observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. The text also touches upon the additional roles of the antoxidant GSH, including possible neurotransmitter action, redox modulation of ionotropic receptor function, and neuroprotection against exicitoxic actions of glutamate.

Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease

Author : Gerald Huether
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642731759
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)

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Book Synopsis Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease by : Gerald Huether

Download or read book Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease written by Gerald Huether and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The picture on the following page is being reproduced here, at the request of the partici pants in the Advanced Research Workshop "Amino Acid Availability and Brain Function in Health and Disease". I displayed this limewood carving, entitled "Neurochemistry", during my closing remarks to this extraordinarily stimulating and productive workshop so ably organized by my collaborator Dr. Gerald Huether. We scientists need two sturdy legs to carry us through all the twists and turns of our academic careers. We should also have, as it were, a reserve leg handy, to help us stay upright when this career ends. My "third leg" is wood carving. The idea for "Neurochemis try" came to me in the plane carrying me to the congress of the International Neuro chemical Society in Jerusalem. We need the hands for our meticulous experimental work, and at least one ear to listen to the messages our neurons send us. A few years ago it would have been premature to hold a workshop on this subject. Now, however, the time was just right to allow an overview of the status of current re search, and to point out the promising new openings it has created. There is no doubt that the book to be published as a result of this workshop will be, for the next years at least, the standard text on the subject. Hearty thanks to all speakers for their brilliant con tributions and to all participants for the lively, uninhibited and stimulating discussion.

Manganese in Health and Disease

Author : Lucio G Costa
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1782622381
Total Pages : 655 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (826 download)

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Book Synopsis Manganese in Health and Disease by : Lucio G Costa

Download or read book Manganese in Health and Disease written by Lucio G Costa and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-11-27 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manganese in the diet is nutritionally essential for normal physiologic functioning. However, excessive exposure to manganese has been associated with developmental, neurodegenerative and other disorders. The book comprehensively covers the toxicology of manganese. Leading investigators provide perspectives from toxicology, neuroscience, nutrition, molecular biology and risk assessment disciplines and chapters cover the toxicokinetics, toxicodynamic interactions and health effects of manganese, as well as its potential role in neurodegenerative diseases. A large section devoted to health effects presents the latest research that associates manganese exposure to potential human diseases. Any scientists, health professional or regulator involved with metal exposure and toxicology should find this volume essential reading. Students and researchers in neurotoxicology will also find this book a useful reference.

The Parathyroids

Author : John P. Bilezikian
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080525776
Total Pages : 921 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Parathyroids by : John P. Bilezikian

Download or read book The Parathyroids written by John P. Bilezikian and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-07-21 with total page 921 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by world experts, this books follows upon the monumental success of the first edition of The Parathyroids, which was universally acclaimed as the best text on the subject. An authoritative reference that spans the basic science of parathyroid hormone treatment to major clinical disorders in a superb, single compendium, The Parathyroids offers an objective and authoritative view on controversial clinical issues in this rapidly changing field. Every medical school library and virtually every major hospital library will need this book as a reference for students and clinicians.Key Features* Offers objective and authoritative reviews on controversial clinical issues* Written by world experts on parathyroid hormone and its disorders* Superb, state-of-the-art compendium in one convenient volume* Bridges basic science of parathyroid hormone to major clinical disorders* Practical information on clinical management of parathyroid hormone disorders

Astrocytes and Epilepsy

Author : Jacqueline A. Hubbard
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128026243
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Astrocytes and Epilepsy by : Jacqueline A. Hubbard

Download or read book Astrocytes and Epilepsy written by Jacqueline A. Hubbard and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-07-05 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Epilepsy is a devastating group of neurological disorders characterized by periodic and unpredictable seizure activity in the brain. There is a critical need for new drugs and approaches given than at least one-third of all epilepsy patients are not made free of seizures by existing medications and become "medically refractory". Much of epilepsy research has focused on neuronal therapeutic targets, but current antiepileptic drugs often cause severe cognitive, developmental, and behavioral side effects. Recent findings indicate a critical contribution of astrocytes, star-shaped glial cells in the brain, to neuronal and network excitability and seizure activity. Furthermore, many important cellular and molecular changes occur in astrocytes in epileptic tissue in both humans and animal models of epilepsy. The goal of Astrocytes and Epilepsy is to comprehensively review exciting findings linking changes in astrocytes to functional changes responsible for epilepsy for the first time in book format. These insights into astrocyte contribution to seizure susceptibility indicate that astrocytes may represent an important new therapeutic target in the control of epilepsy. Astrocytes and Epilepsy includes background explanatory text on astrocyte morphology and physiology, epilepsy models and syndromes, and evidence from both human tissue studies and animal models linking functional changes in astrocytes to epilepsy. Beautifully labelled diagrams are presented and relevant figures from the literature are reproduced to elucidate key findings and concepts in this rapidly emerging field. Astrocytes and Epilepsy is written for neuroscientists, epilepsy researchers, astrocyte investigators as well as neurologists and other specialists caring for patients with epilepsy. - Presents the first comprehensive book to synthesize historical and recent research on astrocytes and epilepsy into one coherent volume - Provides a great resource on the field of astrocyte biology and astrocyte-neuron interactions - Details potential therapeutic targets, including chapters on gap junctions, water and potassium channels, glutamate and adenosine metabolism, and inflammation