Evaluation Of Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings Using Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran Hspf And Optimization Of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices Bmps

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Evaluation of Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings Using Hydrologic Simulation Program, FORTRAN (HSPF) and Optimization of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs)

Author : Peter Paul Rausch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings Using Hydrologic Simulation Program, FORTRAN (HSPF) and Optimization of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) by : Peter Paul Rausch

Download or read book Evaluation of Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings Using Hydrologic Simulation Program, FORTRAN (HSPF) and Optimization of Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices (BMPs) written by Peter Paul Rausch and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2008 Spring Creek Fecal Coliform Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) attributed 13.7 percent of fecal coliform load to urban runoff and recommended a stormwater management plan (SWMP) be developed to guide best management practice (BMP) implementation for stormwater runoff control. To improve understanding of pollutant sources, behaviors, and loadings within the Spring Creek Watershed, and in turn guide development of the SWMP, an evaluation of fecal coliform, total suspended solids (TSS), and total phosphorus (TP) loadings from urban stormwater to Spring Creek was conducted. For fecal coliform and TSS, results from an existing, calibrated Hydrologic Simulation Program - FORTRAN (HSPF) model of the Spring Creek Watershed (Schmitz, 2011) were used to understand accumulation and washoff behaviors, as well as the significance of the urban stormwater load in relation to loads from the entire watershed. The urban area of focus is the city of Hill City, SD. Modeled results were compared for the years 2002 and 2010 as periods of dry and moist flow conditions, respectively. Results indicated that further study is required to understand the fecal coliform processes in the Schmitz model. However, the model indicated that the TSS load from Hill City stormwater in 2002 and 2010 accounted for 27 percent and 6.8 percent of the total TSS load in Spring Creek at the inlet to Mitchell Lake from March through October, respectively. This indicates a greater impact to Spring Creek during lower flows. During both periods, 70 percent of modeled daily average TSS concentrations in Spring Creek exceeding the single sample maximum of 53 mg/L occurred on days when precipitation was recorded in Hill City. This indicates that Hill City stormwater has a major impact on the daily water quality of Spring Creek. In addition, correlation of observed TSS and TP concentrations from 2002 and 2010 produces a correlation coefficient [(R2)] greater than 0.9. This indicates that removal of TSS from stormwater will inherently result in removal of TP. In addition to the pollutant analysis, a method for optimizing and recommending urban stormwater best management practices (BMPs) was developed for the SWMP. Because Spring Creek is currently impaired due to fecal coliform, emphasis was placed on this pollutant. Research has concluded that wet ponds and infiltration BMPs are the most effective for fecal coliform reduction (Clary, et al., 2008). To reduce high maintenance costs associated with sediment removal from these BMPs, it was recommended that they be implemented in series with dry ponds and vegetated swales. This will also reduce TSS load to Spring Creek, thus reducing the TP load. Wetland BMPs were not recommended for the Spring Creek Watershed due to potential TP production. Over 60 BMP alternatives were developed for the SWMP, each including estimates for initial cost, life cycle cost, and seasonal fecal coliform reduction. Sixteen optimum BMP alternatives were identified to treat all catchments with an estimated total initial cost of 5574,000 and total estimated fecal coliform reduction of [111 * 10'9] colony-forming units (cfu) per recreation season (May-September).

Urban Stormwater Management in the United States

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309125391
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Stormwater Management in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book Urban Stormwater Management in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid conversion of land to urban and suburban areas has profoundly altered how water flows during and following storm events, putting higher volumes of water and more pollutants into the nation's rivers, lakes, and estuaries. These changes have degraded water quality and habitat in virtually every urban stream system. The Clean Water Act regulatory framework for addressing sewage and industrial wastes is not well suited to the more difficult problem of stormwater discharges. This book calls for an entirely new permitting structure that would put authority and accountability for stormwater discharges at the municipal level. A number of additional actions, such as conserving natural areas, reducing hard surface cover (e.g., roads and parking lots), and retrofitting urban areas with features that hold and treat stormwater, are recommended.

Urban stormwater BMP performance monitoring a guidance manual for meeting the national stormwater BMP database requirements.

Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428905448
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban stormwater BMP performance monitoring a guidance manual for meeting the national stormwater BMP database requirements. by :

Download or read book Urban stormwater BMP performance monitoring a guidance manual for meeting the national stormwater BMP database requirements. written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Urban Stormwater Modeling and Simulation

Author : Stephan J. Nix
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780873715270
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (152 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Stormwater Modeling and Simulation by : Stephan J. Nix

Download or read book Urban Stormwater Modeling and Simulation written by Stephan J. Nix and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-07-13 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban Stormwater Modeling and Simulation discusses several popular stormwater models and explains a variety of uses in practical terms. This unique book is divided into five key sections and begins with a description of urban runoff problems and how computer models play an important role in problem solving. The book continues with detailed discussions on the construction of watershed models, model verification and validation, the use of models for predicting stormwater runoff and pollution discharges, and common problems associated with popular modeling programs. A practical approach is used throughout the book, focusing on actual applications to illustrate basic principles. This is the first book available that provides both new and experienced engineers, consultants, and scientists with an organized approach to stormwater modeling and simulation, model construction, model verification, and software selection. Water quality professionals, environmental engineering students, technical libraries, regulators, and planners will also find this a perfect hands-on learning tool.

Fundamentals of Urban Runoff Management

Author : Earl Shaver
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (166 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Urban Runoff Management by : Earl Shaver

Download or read book Fundamentals of Urban Runoff Management written by Earl Shaver and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Using HSPF to Evaluate Stormwater Best Management Practices in the Charles River Watershed

Author : Esther Wolf Graf
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Using HSPF to Evaluate Stormwater Best Management Practices in the Charles River Watershed by : Esther Wolf Graf

Download or read book Using HSPF to Evaluate Stormwater Best Management Practices in the Charles River Watershed written by Esther Wolf Graf and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Non Point Pollution and Urban Stormwater Management

Author : Vladimir Novotny
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781566763059
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Non Point Pollution and Urban Stormwater Management by : Vladimir Novotny

Download or read book Non Point Pollution and Urban Stormwater Management written by Vladimir Novotny and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-10-11 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directions of diffuse pollution research and Best Management Practices are evolving, and effective and affordable methods of control are being developed to handle the abatement of toxic pollutants from atmospheric deposition, and urban and agricultural runoff. This book provides a useful manual covering the most important topics and solutions of the diffuse pollution problem with emphasis on urban sources and abatement.

A Predictive Model for the Optimal Selection of Non Point Source Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices

Author : Bryan K. Alston
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis A Predictive Model for the Optimal Selection of Non Point Source Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices by : Bryan K. Alston

Download or read book A Predictive Model for the Optimal Selection of Non Point Source Urban Stormwater Best Management Practices written by Bryan K. Alston and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pollutants from storm water runoff in urban and developing areas degrade water quality. The implementation of storm water Best Management Practices (BMPs) is one way to reduce non-point source pollution. Although there are many varieties of BMPs available, the selection of a cost effective BMP that meets water quality, flood control, site limitation, and other constraints is not an easy problem because it involves minimizing economic costs while simultaneously meeting watershed management objectives. A watershed model that combines BMP efficiency, downstream water quality response, while minimizing associated economic costs is a good logical approach to this problem. In this study, a rigorous mathematical optimization model was developed to produce a least cost or optimal mix of BMP types in a watershed. The modeling approach is based on a mixed integer linear programming formulation that is solved by an optimization software package. The principal focus of this research is to develop a useful planning and decision making tool which minimizes BMP costs subject to meeting water quality, flood control, site limitation, and other physical constraints.

Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings

Author : Thomas K. Jewell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings by : Thomas K. Jewell

Download or read book Urban Stormwater Pollutant Loadings written by Thomas K. Jewell and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Storm Water Best Management Practices

Author : U. S. Environmental Agency
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781514281208
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (812 download)

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Book Synopsis Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Storm Water Best Management Practices by : U. S. Environmental Agency

Download or read book Preliminary Data Summary of Urban Storm Water Best Management Practices written by U. S. Environmental Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The significance of storm water runoff in affecting water quality in the United States has become an increasing concern in recent years, as further improvements are made in controlling other point sources such as municipal sewage and industrial waste. EPA conducted a broad analysis of storm water runoff characteristics in its Nationwide Urban Runoff Program between 1979 and 1983. During the 1980's the Agency made several attempts to promulgate regulatory controls for storm water runoff under the statutory framework of the 1972 Clean Water Act. Following enactment of the Water Quality Act of 1987, EPA began development of a more comprehensive regulatory program. During the course of these actions, the use of best management practices (BMPs) in addressing runoff problems was frequently identified, however it was known that additional research on the performance of BMPs was also needed. EPA's Engineering and Analysis Division conducted a study on storm water best management practices during 1997 and 1998 as part of its series of preliminary studies in the effluent guidelines program. This report summarizes existing information and data regarding the effectiveness of BMPs to control and reduce pollutants in urban storm water. The report provides a synopsis of what is currently known about the expected costs and environmental benefits of BMPs, and identifies information gaps as well.

Urban Stormwater Hydrology

Author : Osman A. Akan
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780877629672
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Stormwater Hydrology by : Osman A. Akan

Download or read book Urban Stormwater Hydrology written by Osman A. Akan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-02-28 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book and software package provides a concise, practical guide for those involved in studying, planning, and designing urban stormwater management practices. The emphasis is on engineering calculations rather than theory. Many facets of stormwater management, from rainfall analysis and design storm selection procedures to runoff calculations and the evaluation of wet ponds for long-term, efficient water quality control. The book presents broadly used conventional methods and innovative techniques that are in line with current trends and needs. The book also includes the Soil Conservation Service's TR-20 computer software and a new easy-to-follow user's guide. From the Preface There has been much interest in urban stormwater hydrology during the past two decades due to the widespread recognition of the adverse effects of urbanization on stormwater runoff. During this period, many individuals and organizations developed innovative techniques to estimate and control the quantity and the water quality of urban stormwater runoff.

Nationwide assessment of receiving water impacts from urban stormwater pollution

Author : James P. Heaney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Nationwide assessment of receiving water impacts from urban stormwater pollution by : James P. Heaney

Download or read book Nationwide assessment of receiving water impacts from urban stormwater pollution written by James P. Heaney and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Stormwater Modeling

Author : Donald E. Overton
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483264661
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Stormwater Modeling by : Donald E. Overton

Download or read book Stormwater Modeling written by Donald E. Overton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stormwater Modeling presents the fundamentals of deterministic, parametric, and stochastic stormwater modeling. It is assumed that the reader or student will have a basic background in science or engineering; however, the authors are of the opinion that one can comfortably read and understand this treatise with a fundamental knowledge of calculus and differential equations. The book has been written with the intent of reaching an audience concerned primarily with evaluating the effects of land use on stormwater for the purpose of doing feasibility studies, planning, and/or design work. The book is organized into five parts. Part I discusses various modeling concepts such as the definition of a mathematical model, the systems approach to model building, examples of parametric and deterministic modeling, and stormwater model optimization. Part II on deterministic modeling covers the modeling of overland and open channel flow; kinematic flow approximation; and estimation of time of concentration using kinematic wave theory. Part III covers parametric modeling and includes chapters on model optimization;. analysis of the effects of urbanization and logging on stormwater; and evaluation of the effects of strip coal mining on watershed hydrologic response. Parts IV and V deal with stochastic stormwater modeling and stormwater quality modeling, respectively.

Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309210828
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay by : National Research Council

Download or read book Achieving Nutrient and Sediment Reduction Goals in the Chesapeake Bay written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chesapeake Bay is North America's largest and most biologically diverse estuary, as well as an important commercial and recreational resource. However, excessive amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from human activities and land development have disrupted the ecosystem, causing harmful algae blooms, degraded habitats, and diminished populations of many species of fish and shellfish. In 1983, the Chesapeake Bay Program (CBP) was established, based on a cooperative partnership among the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the state of Maryland, and the commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia, to address the extent, complexity, and sources of pollutants entering the Bay. In 2008, the CBP launched a series of initiatives to increase the transparency of the program and heighten its accountability and in 2009 an executive order injected new energy into the restoration. In addition, as part of the effect to improve the pace of progress and increase accountability in the Bay restoration, a two-year milestone strategy was introduced aimed at reducing overall pollution in the Bay by focusing on incremental, short-term commitments from each of the Bay jurisdictions. The National Research Council (NRC) established the Committee on the Evaluation of Chesapeake Bay Program Implementation for Nutrient Reduction in Improve Water Quality in 2009 in response to a request from the EPA. The committee was charged to assess the framework used by the states and the CBP for tracking nutrient and sediment control practices that are implemented in the Chesapeake Bay watershed and to evaluate the two-year milestone strategy. The committee was also to assess existing adaptive management strategies and to recommend improvements that could help CBP to meet its nutrient and sediment reduction goals. The committee did not attempt to identify every possible strategy that could be implemented but instead focused on approaches that are not being implemented to their full potential or that may have substantial, unrealized potential in the Bay watershed. Because many of these strategies have policy or societal implications that could not be fully evaluated by the committee, the strategies are not prioritized but are offered to encourage further consideration and exploration among the CBP partners and stakeholders.

Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes

Author : Buddhi Wijesiri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811335079
Total Pages : 82 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes by : Buddhi Wijesiri

Download or read book Decision Making with Uncertainty in Stormwater Pollutant Processes written by Buddhi Wijesiri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new findings on intrinsic variability in pollutant build-up and wash-off processes by identifying the characteristics of underlying process mechanisms, based on the behaviour of various-sized particles. The correlation between build-up and wash-off processes is clearly defined using heavy metal pollutants as a case study. The outcome of this study is an approach developed to quantitatively assess process uncertainty, which makes it possible to mathematically incorporate the characteristics of variability in build-up and wash-off processes into stormwater quality models. In addition, the approach can be used to quantify process uncertainty as an integral aspect of stormwater quality predictions using common uncertainty analysis techniques. The information produced using enhanced modelling tools will promote more informed decision-making, and thereby help to improve urban stormwater quality.

Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems

Author : American Society of Civil Engineers
Publisher : ASCE Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780872628557
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (285 download)

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Book Synopsis Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems by : American Society of Civil Engineers

Download or read book Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by ASCE Publications. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prepared byØtheØTask Committee of the Urban Water Resources Research Council of ASCE. Copublished by ASCE and the Water Environment Federation. Design and Construction of Urban Stormwater Management Systems presents a comprehensive examination of the issues involved in engineering urban stormwater systems. This Manual?which updates relevant portions of Design and Construction of Sanitary and Storm Sewers, MOP 37?reflects the many changes taking place in the field, such as the use of microcomputers and the need to control the quality of runoff as well as the quantity. Chapters are prepared by authors with experience and expertise in the particular subject area. The Manual aids the practicing engineer by presenting a brief summary of currently accepted procedures relating to the following areas: financial services; regulations;Ø surveys and investigations;Ø design concepts and master planning;Ø hydrology and water quality;Ø storm drainage hydraulics; andØ computer modeling.

Simulating and Optimizing Storm Water Management Strategies in an Urban Watershed

Author : Chandana Damodaram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Simulating and Optimizing Storm Water Management Strategies in an Urban Watershed by : Chandana Damodaram

Download or read book Simulating and Optimizing Storm Water Management Strategies in an Urban Watershed written by Chandana Damodaram and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land development transforms the natural landscape and impacts in stream ecosystems and downstream communities as it alters the natural flow regime. An increase in impervious areas results in higher volumes of storm water runoff, reduced time to peak, and more frequent flooding. Best Management Practices (BMP) and Low Impact development (LID) are a few of the set of measures which are used to mitigate the impact of urbanization. Peak flow, runoff volume are few of the conventional metrics which are used to evaluate the impact and performance of these storm water management strategies on the watershed. BMP are majorly used to control the flood runoff but results in the release of large volumes of runoff even after the flood wave passed the reach and LIDs are used to replicate the natural flow regime by controlling the runoff at the source. Therefore need to incorporate a metric which includes the timing and area being inundated needs to be considered to study the impact of these strategies on the downstream. My proposed research will focus on simulating the Low Impact Development (LID) techniques like permeable pavements and rainwater harvesting on an urbanized watershed using a curve number approach to quantify the hydrologic performance of these strategies on the watershed. LID, BMPs, and combined strategies are introduced for retrofitting existing conditions and their hydrologic performance is accessed based on the peak flow and a new metric Hydrologic Footprint Residence. A simulation optimization framework would be developed which identifies cost effective LID options that maximize the reduction of peak flow from the existing condition design storms while meeting budget restrictions. Further LID and BMP placement is included in the optimization model to study the impact of the combined scenario on the storm water management plans and their performance based on different storms and corresponding budget. Therefore a tradeoff can be illustrated between the implementation cost and the hydrological impact on the watershed based on the storm water management approach of using only LID and combination of LID and BMP corresponding to varied spectrum of design storm events.